CN105968613A - 一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管 - Google Patents

一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管 Download PDF

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CN105968613A
CN105968613A CN201610167179.9A CN201610167179A CN105968613A CN 105968613 A CN105968613 A CN 105968613A CN 201610167179 A CN201610167179 A CN 201610167179A CN 105968613 A CN105968613 A CN 105968613A
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吴铭
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管，由以下重量份的原料制备制成：竹炭纤维4.5‑5、香蕉叶20‑25、0.5%硅烷偶联剂kh5501‑1.5、偶氮二甲酰胺1.5‑2、碳酸氢钠5‑6、氧化锌0.2‑0.3、聚氯乙烯100‑110、石英1.2‑1.8、十二碳醇酯1‑2、钛镁合金粉0.5‑0.7、石蜡2‑3、羟丙基纤维素0.6‑0.8、矾土2‑3、硬石膏8‑10、白漂珠2‑3、丁苯橡胶3‑4、去离子水适量；本发明具有优异的阻燃性和抗老化性，而且热稳定性好，缺口冲击强度高，耐蠕变性能优良，市场竞争力强，将具有很好的应用前景。

Description

一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡聚氯乙烯技术领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管。
背景技术
排风设备中输送气体的管道称为风管，它把系统中的各种设备或部件连成了一个整体。风管通常用表面光滑的材料制作例如聚氯乙烯管。聚氯乙烯是五大通用塑料之一，在建材、包装等诸多行业有着广泛的用途。聚氯乙烯发泡材料由于具有轻质、隔热、隔音、高比强度、绝缘等特点更备受青睐，然而发泡材料在带来成本降低的同时，机械性能下降，极大的限制了PVC发泡材料的应用。《聚氯乙烯-蒙脱土发泡复合材料的研究》中利用季铵盐、季膦盐和磷酸酯类插层剂与硅烷偶联剂并用，制备改性蒙脱土，结果表明当蒙脱土份数在1-3phr时，压缩性能、拉伸性能、弯曲性能都有提高，热变形温度和阻燃性随着蒙脱土份数的增加而提高。但是蒙脱土加入过量，在基体中团聚而使发泡材料质量下降，并且该发泡材料的拉伸性能、强度、阻燃性、抗化学腐蚀能力均有待提高。
我国是世界香蕉主产国之一，每年可产香蕉五百百万吨供人们享用，但是伴随着产生的香蕉韧皮、香蕉叶、香蕉假茎等副产品却没有得到应用的开发应用，只有少部分被加工成绳索、麻袋、手提包及其他花式品，绝大部分被当做垃圾丢掉了，这不仅浪费了资源，还污染了环境。所以从香蕉叶中提取香蕉纤维制备成复合材料，对我国的经济发展具有重要的意义。香蕉纤维可分为香蕉茎纤维和香蕉叶纤维，香蕉茎纤维具有一般麻类纤维的优点，如强度高、伸长小、纤维粗硬、易于吸湿放湿、易于染色等特点，香蕉叶纤维具有优良的抗碱、酚、甲酸、氯仿、丙酮能力，将其添加到聚氯乙烯材料中能够减少环境污染带来巨大的经济效益，并且还能够提高聚氯乙烯的抗化学腐蚀能力，但是直接加入会降低聚氯乙烯本身的材料性能，限制其应用，必须对香蕉纤维进行改性，提高其与聚氯乙烯的界面相容性。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管，由以下重量份的原料制备制成：竹炭纤维4.5-5、香蕉叶20-25、0.5%硅烷偶联剂kh5501-1.5、偶氮二甲酰胺1.5-2、碳酸氢钠5-6、氧化锌0.2-0.3、聚氯乙烯100-110、石英1.2-1.8、十二碳醇酯1-2、钛镁合金粉0.5-0.7、石蜡2-3、羟丙基纤维素0.6-0.8、矾土2-3、硬石膏8-10、白漂珠2-3、丁苯橡胶3-4、去离子水适量。
所述一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将香蕉叶清洗干净晾干后采用压榨、漂白、清洗、烘干的方法提取香蕉纤维，再将香蕉纤维和竹炭纤维进行混纺并条得到混合纤维条备用；将0.5%硅烷偶联剂kh550用75%的乙醇溶解，按照质量比1:2充分混合均匀，再将混合纤维条以浴比1：10浸渍到硅烷偶联剂溶液中，加热至溶剂挥发，烘干后备用；
（2）将石英和钛镁合金粉破碎成小颗粒后和矾土一起研磨分散，然后在氮气下于500-600℃高温烧结1-2h，随炉冷却至室温后破碎成细粉和白漂珠搅拌成混合物备用；将羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、海藻酸钠按照质量比1:2:2混合，然后加入总重量份23-26倍量的水溶解，加热形成黏状物后加入上述备用混合物超声分散成浆料备用；
（3）将步骤（1）制备的改性混合纤维条短切后加到步骤（2）的浆料中，超声分散均匀，之后加到烘箱中烘干；将丁苯橡胶用13-16倍量的丙酮溶解，再将上述短切纤维加到丁苯橡胶溶液中，超声分散均匀后加热蒸去溶剂，烘干后得到橡胶包覆的混合物；
（4）将聚氯乙烯及其剩余物质加到高速混合机中混合均匀，随后加到热炼机中混合塑化，温度控制在130-140℃，再加入步骤（3）制备的产物，混合均匀后加到模腔中进行模压发泡，温度控制在185-190℃，时间为2.5-3min，保压压力为15-18MPa，自然冷却即可得到。
本发明的优点是：本发明利用0.5%硅烷偶联剂kh550改性混纺的香蕉叶纤维和竹炭纤维条，使香蕉叶纤维中半纤维素和木质素成分减少，纤维素原纤的结合程度减弱，易发生解旋和形变，提高了断裂伸长率和拉伸强度，再利用羟丙基、羟乙基纤维素和海藻酸钠处理纳米混合物，使其表面形成易吸附层，附着在混合纤维条表面提高了阻燃、耐磨、耐火等性能，并且利用丁苯橡胶与聚氯乙烯优良的相容性，使纤维条在聚氯乙烯中分散性好，不团聚，达到提高聚氯乙烯发泡管阻燃、耐磨、耐腐蚀、质轻、高强等特性；本发明具有优异的阻燃性和抗老化性，而且热稳定性好，缺口冲击强度高，耐蠕变性能优良，市场竞争力强，将具有很好的应用前景。
具体实施方式
一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管，由以下重量份（公斤）的原料制备制成：竹炭纤维4.5、香蕉叶20、0.5%硅烷偶联剂kh5501、偶氮二甲酰胺1.5、碳酸氢钠5、氧化锌0.2、聚氯乙烯100、石英1.2、十二碳醇酯1、钛镁合金粉0.5、石蜡2、羟丙基纤维素0.6、矾土2、硬石膏8、白漂珠2、丁苯橡胶3、去离子水适量。
所述一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将香蕉叶清洗干净晾干后采用压榨、漂白、清洗、烘干的方法提取香蕉纤维，再将香蕉纤维和竹炭纤维进行混纺并条得到混合纤维条备用；将0.5%硅烷偶联剂kh550用75%的乙醇溶解，按照质量比1:2充分混合均匀，再将混合纤维条以浴比1：10浸渍到硅烷偶联剂溶液中，加热至溶剂挥发，烘干后备用；
（2）将石英和钛镁合金粉破碎成小颗粒后和矾土一起研磨分散，然后在氮气下于500℃高温烧结1h，随炉冷却至室温后破碎成细粉和白漂珠搅拌成混合物备用；将羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、海藻酸钠按照质量比1:2:2混合，然后加入总重量份23倍量的水溶解，加热形成黏状物后加入上述备用混合物超声分散成浆料备用；
（3）将步骤（1）制备的改性混合纤维条短切后加到步骤（2）的浆料中，超声分散均匀，之后加到烘箱中烘干；将丁苯橡胶用13倍量的丙酮溶解，再将上述短切纤维加到丁苯橡胶溶液中，超声分散均匀后加热蒸去溶剂，烘干后得到橡胶包覆的混合物；
（4）将聚氯乙烯及其剩余物质加到高速混合机中混合均匀，随后加到热炼机中混合塑化，温度控制在130℃，再加入步骤（3）制备的产物，混合均匀后加到模腔中进行模压发泡，温度控制在185℃，时间为2.5min，保压压力为15MPa，自然冷却即可得到。
该聚氯乙烯材料拉伸强度：61.2MPa，断裂伸长率：6.1%，弯曲强度103MPa，弯曲模量：2.80GPa，冲击强度：10.3kJ/m2，氧指数：36.7%。

Claims (2)

1.一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备制成：竹炭纤维4.5-5、香蕉叶20-25、0.5%硅烷偶联剂kh5501-1.5、偶氮二甲酰胺1.5-2、碳酸氢钠5-6、氧化锌0.2-0.3、聚氯乙烯100-110、石英1.2-1.8、十二碳醇酯1-2、钛镁合金粉0.5-0.7、石蜡2-3、羟丙基纤维素0.6-0.8、矾土2-3、硬石膏8-10、白漂珠2-3、丁苯橡胶3-4、去离子水适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管，其特征在于，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将香蕉叶清洗干净晾干后采用压榨、漂白、清洗、烘干的方法提取香蕉纤维，再将香蕉纤维和竹炭纤维进行混纺并条得到混合纤维条备用；将0.5%硅烷偶联剂kh550用75%的乙醇溶解，按照质量比1:2充分混合均匀，再将混合纤维条以浴比1：10浸渍到硅烷偶联剂溶液中，加热至溶剂挥发，烘干后备用；
（2）将石英和钛镁合金粉破碎成小颗粒后和矾土一起研磨分散，然后在氮气下于500-600℃高温烧结1-2h，随炉冷却至室温后破碎成细粉和白漂珠搅拌成混合物备用；将羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、海藻酸钠按照质量比1:2:2混合，然后加入总重量份23-26倍量的水溶解，加热形成黏状物后加入上述备用混合物超声分散成浆料备用；
（3）将步骤（1）制备的改性混合纤维条短切后加到步骤（2）的浆料中，超声分散均匀，之后加到烘箱中烘干；将丁苯橡胶用13-16倍量的丙酮溶解，再将上述短切纤维加到丁苯橡胶溶液中，超声分散均匀后加热蒸去溶剂，烘干后得到橡胶包覆的混合物；
（4）将聚氯乙烯及其剩余物质加到高速混合机中混合均匀，随后加到热炼机中混合塑化，温度控制在130-140℃，再加入步骤（3）制备的产物，混合均匀后加到模腔中进行模压发泡，温度控制在185-190℃，时间为2.5-3min，保压压力为15-18MPa，自然冷却即可得到。
CN201610167179.9A 2016-03-23 2016-03-23 一种阻燃聚氯乙烯发泡管 Withdrawn CN105968613A (zh)

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