CN105968610A - 一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管,由以下重量份的原料制备制成:甲壳素纤维4‑5、香蕉叶20‑25、0.4%硅烷偶联剂A1711‑1.5、偶氮二甲酰胺1.5‑2、碳酸氢钠5‑6、氧化锌0.2‑0.3、聚氯乙烯100‑110、水滑石2‑3、氮化硅细粉1.2‑1.5、碳纳米管2.5‑3、滑石粉7‑9、聚乙烯蜡1‑2、钙锌稳定剂1‑2、抗氧剂10101‑2、抗冲击剂2‑3、羟丙基纤维素0.6‑0.8、丁苯橡胶3‑4、去离子水适量;本发明的聚氯乙烯管具有力学性能好、阻燃性好、抗老化性能强、耐磨耐腐蚀性好,性能稳定等优点,而且成本低,具有良好的性价比和市场竞争力,易于推广应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡聚氯乙烯技术领域,尤其涉及一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管。
背景技术
排风设备中输送气体的管道称为风管,它把系统中的各种设备或部件连成了一个整体。风管通常用表面光滑的材料制作例如聚氯乙烯管。聚氯乙烯是五大通用塑料之一,在建材、包装等诸多行业有着广泛的用途。聚氯乙烯发泡材料由于具有轻质、隔热、隔音、高比强度、绝缘等特点更备受青睐,然而发泡材料在带来成本降低的同时,机械性能下降,极大的限制了PVC发泡材料的应用。《聚氯乙烯-蒙脱土发泡复合材料的研究》中利用季铵盐、季膦盐和磷酸酯类插层剂与硅烷偶联剂并用,制备改性蒙脱土,结果表明当蒙脱土份数在1-3phr时,压缩性能、拉伸性能、弯曲性能都有提高,热变形温度和阻燃性随着蒙脱土份数的增加而提高。但是蒙脱土加入过量,在基体中团聚而使发泡材料质量下降,并且该发泡材料的拉伸性能、强度、阻燃性、抗化学腐蚀能力均有待提高。
我国是世界香蕉主产国之一,每年可产香蕉五百百万吨供人们享用,但是伴随着产生的香蕉韧皮、香蕉叶、香蕉假茎等副产品却没有得到应用的开发应用,只有少部分被加工成绳索、麻袋、手提包及其他花式品,绝大部分被当做垃圾丢掉了,这不仅浪费了资源,还污染了环境。所以从香蕉叶中提取香蕉纤维制备成复合材料,对我国的经济发展具有重要的意义。香蕉纤维可分为香蕉茎纤维和香蕉叶纤维,香蕉茎纤维具有一般麻类纤维的优点,如强度高、伸长小、纤维粗硬、易于吸湿放湿、易于染色等特点,香蕉叶纤维具有优良的抗碱、酚、甲酸、氯仿、丙酮能力,将其添加到聚氯乙烯材料中能够减少环境污染带来巨大的经济效益,并且还能够提高聚氯乙烯的抗化学腐蚀能力,但是直接加入会降低聚氯乙烯本身的材料性能,限制其应用,必须对香蕉纤维进行改性,提高其与聚氯乙烯的界面相容性。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,提供一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管,由以下重量份的原料制备制成:甲壳素纤维4-5、香蕉叶20-25、0.4%硅烷偶联剂A1711-1.5、偶氮二甲酰胺1.5-2、碳酸氢钠5-6、氧化锌0.2-0.3、聚氯乙烯100-110、水滑石2-3、氮化硅细粉1.2-1.5、碳纳米管2.5-3、滑石粉7-9、聚乙烯蜡1-2、钙锌稳定剂1-2、抗氧剂10101-2、抗冲击剂2-3、羟丙基纤维素0.6-0.8、丁苯橡胶3-4、去离子水适量。
所述一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管,由以下具体步骤制备制成:
(1)将香蕉叶清洗干净晾干后采用压榨、漂白、清洗、烘干的方法提取香蕉纤维,再将香蕉纤维和甲壳素纤维进行混纺并条得到混合纤维条备用;将0.6%的硅烷偶联剂A171用75%的乙醇溶解,按照质量比2:3充分混合均匀,再将混合纤维条以浴比2:11浸渍到硅烷偶联剂溶液中,加热至溶剂挥发,烘干后备用;
(2)将水滑石、氮化硅细粉和碳纳米管研磨成细粉在惰性气氛下于400-500℃下加热0.5h,自然冷却后备用,再将羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、聚乙二醇按照质量比1:1:3混合,然后加入总重量份20-25倍量的水溶解,搅拌均匀后加入上述备用细粉超声分散均匀,加热至形成粘状浆料备用;
(3)将步骤(1)制备的改性混合纤维条短切后加到步骤(2)的浆料中,超声分散均匀,之后加到烘箱中烘干;将丁苯橡胶用13-16倍量的丙酮溶解,再将上述短切纤维加到丁苯橡胶溶液中,超声分散均匀后加热蒸去溶剂,烘干后得到橡胶包覆的混合物;
(4)将聚氯乙烯及其剩余物质加到高速混合机中混合均匀,随后加到热炼机中混合塑化,温度控制在130-140℃,再加入步骤(3)制备的产物,混合均匀后加到模腔中进行模压发泡,温度控制在185-190℃,时间为2.5-3min,保压压力为15-18MPa,自然冷却即可得到。
本发明的优点是:本发明利用硅烷偶联剂A171改性混纺的香蕉叶纤维和甲壳素纤维,使香蕉叶纤维中半纤维素和木质素成分减少,纤维素原纤的结合程度减弱,易发生解旋和形变,提高了断裂伸长率和拉伸强度,再利用羟丙基、羟乙基纤维素和聚乙二醇处理纳米混合物,使其表面形成易吸附层,附着在混合纤维条表面提高了阻燃、耐磨、耐火等性能,并且利用丁苯橡胶与聚氯乙烯优良的相容性,使纤维条在聚氯乙烯中分散性好,不团聚,达到提高聚氯乙烯发泡管阻燃、耐磨、耐腐蚀、质轻、高强等特性;本发明的聚氯乙烯管具有力学性能好、阻燃性好、抗老化性能强、耐磨耐腐蚀性好,性能稳定等优点,而且成本低,具有良好的性价比和市场竞争力,易于推广应用。
具体实施方式
一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管,由以下重量份(公斤)的原料制备制成:甲壳素纤维4、香蕉叶20、0.4%硅烷偶联剂A1711、偶氮二甲酰胺1.5、碳酸氢钠5、氧化锌0.2、聚氯乙烯100、水滑石2、氮化硅细粉1.2、碳纳米管2.5、滑石粉7、聚乙烯蜡1、钙锌稳定剂1、抗氧剂10101、抗冲击剂2、羟丙基纤维素0.6、丁苯橡胶3、去离子水适量。
所述一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管,由以下具体步骤制备制成:
(1)将香蕉叶清洗干净晾干后采用压榨、漂白、清洗、烘干的方法提取香蕉纤维,再将香蕉纤维和甲壳素纤维进行混纺并条得到混合纤维条备用;将0.6%的硅烷偶联剂A171用75%的乙醇溶解,按照质量比2:3充分混合均匀,再将混合纤维条以浴比2:11浸渍到硅烷偶联剂溶液中,加热至溶剂挥发,烘干后备用;
(2)将水滑石、氮化硅细粉和碳纳米管研磨成细粉在惰性气氛下于400℃下加热0.5h,自然冷却后备用,再将羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、聚乙二醇按照质量比1:1:3混合,然后加入总重量份20倍量的水溶解,搅拌均匀后加入上述备用细粉超声分散均匀,加热至形成粘状浆料备用;
(3)将步骤(1)制备的改性混合纤维条短切后加到步骤(2)的浆料中,超声分散均匀,之后加到烘箱中烘干;将丁苯橡胶用13倍量的丙酮溶解,再将上述短切纤维加到丁苯橡胶溶液中,超声分散均匀后加热蒸去溶剂,烘干后得到橡胶包覆的混合物;
(4)将聚氯乙烯及其剩余物质加到高速混合机中混合均匀,随后加到热炼机中混合塑化,温度控制在130℃,再加入步骤(3)制备的产物,混合均匀后加到模腔中进行模压发泡,温度控制在185℃,时间为2.5min,保压压力为15MPa,自然冷却即可得到。
该聚氯乙烯材料拉伸强度:62.1MPa,断裂伸长率:6.3%,弯曲强度109MPa,弯曲模量:2.88GPa,冲击强度:9.4kJ/m2,氧指数:36.1%。
Claims (2)
1.一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管,其特征在于,由以下重量份的原料制备制成:甲壳素纤维4-5、香蕉叶20-25、0.4%硅烷偶联剂A1711-1.5、偶氮二甲酰胺1.5-2、碳酸氢钠5-6、氧化锌0.2-0.3、聚氯乙烯100-110、水滑石2-3、氮化硅细粉1.2-1.5、碳纳米管2.5-3、滑石粉7-9、聚乙烯蜡1-2、钙锌稳定剂1-2、抗氧剂10101-2、抗冲击剂2-3、羟丙基纤维素0.6-0.8、丁苯橡胶3-4、去离子水适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种耐磨防腐聚氯乙烯发泡管,其特征在于,由以下具体步骤制备制成:
(1)将香蕉叶清洗干净晾干后采用压榨、漂白、清洗、烘干的方法提取香蕉纤维,再将香蕉纤维和甲壳素纤维进行混纺并条得到混合纤维条备用;将0.6%的硅烷偶联剂A171用75%的乙醇溶解,按照质量比2:3充分混合均匀,再将混合纤维条以浴比2:11浸渍到硅烷偶联剂溶液中,加热至溶剂挥发,烘干后备用;
(2)将水滑石、氮化硅细粉和碳纳米管研磨成细粉在惰性气氛下于400-500℃下加热0.5h,自然冷却后备用,再将羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、聚乙二醇按照质量比1:1:3混合,然后加入总重量份20-25倍量的水溶解,搅拌均匀后加入上述备用细粉超声分散均匀,加热至形成粘状浆料备用;
(3)将步骤(1)制备的改性混合纤维条短切后加到步骤(2)的浆料中,超声分散均匀,之后加到烘箱中烘干;将丁苯橡胶用13-16倍量的丙酮溶解,再将上述短切纤维加到丁苯橡胶溶液中,超声分散均匀后加热蒸去溶剂,烘干后得到橡胶包覆的混合物;
(4)将聚氯乙烯及其剩余物质加到高速混合机中混合均匀,随后加到热炼机中混合塑化,温度控制在130-140℃,再加入步骤(3)制备的产物,混合均匀后加到模腔中进行模压发泡,温度控制在185-190℃,时间为2.5-3min,保压压力为15-18MPa,自然冷却即可得到。
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