CN105961670A - Toadstool hypha fermented tea and processing method thereof - Google Patents

Toadstool hypha fermented tea and processing method thereof Download PDF

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CN105961670A
CN105961670A CN201610409615.9A CN201610409615A CN105961670A CN 105961670 A CN105961670 A CN 105961670A CN 201610409615 A CN201610409615 A CN 201610409615A CN 105961670 A CN105961670 A CN 105961670A
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tea
morchella esculenta
fermented tea
toadstool
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王文祥
葛萃萃
于飞
林庆胜
蔡慧玲
王贵新
向准
王聪
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23FCOFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F3/00Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F3/06Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
    • A23F3/08Oxidation; Fermentation
    • A23F3/10Fermentation with addition of microorganisms or enzymes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23FCOFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F3/00Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F3/06Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12NMICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation

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Abstract

The invention discloses toadstool hypha fermented tea. Tea leaves are adopted as a raw material, the tea leaves are inoculated with a toadstool original species or cultispecies, and the toadstool hypha fermented tea is obtained after sterilization, culture, inactivation and drying. The invention further discloses a processing method of the toadstool hypha fermented tea. On the premise of adding no culture auxiliary material, the tea leaves are adopted as a medium for growth of toadstool hyphae, no foreign pollutant exists in the whole process, and the safety of the product is guaranteed. A large amount of amino acid matter and polysaccharide matter can be synthesized in the culture process of the toadstool hyphae, and the delicious degree of the taste of the product and the richness of inclusion of the product are improved. Tea polyphenol matter is naturally oxidized, the bitter taste is reduced, and the quality of the tea leaves serving as the medium is improved. A toadstool strain is medicinal and edible fungi, good safety is achieved, and a large number of toadstool hyphae exist in the tea leaves in the fermentation process. The toadstool hypha fermented tea has the healthcare effects of promoting digestion and appetite, strengthening the body, preventing colds, enhancing the immunity of the human body and the like.

Description

A kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea and processing method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to tea technology field, particularly relate to a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea and Processing method.
Background technology
Folium Camelliae sinensis comes from China, from the later stage in spring and autumn just by people as vegetable edible, develop at Middle West Han Dynasty For medicinal, Western Han Dynastry's later stage just develops into imperial palace high-grade drink.Containing catechin, cholesteric in Folium Camelliae sinensis The compositions such as ketenes, caffeine, inositol, folic acid, pantothenic acid, can promote health.Folium Camelliae sinensis Beverage is described as " one of big beverage in the world three ".
China's tea kinds mainly has green tea, Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis, yellow tea, tea, black tea, postfermented tea totally six Big class.The tender degree of children according to employing raw material and the difference in picking season, tea leaf quality difference is relatively Greatly, particularly with summer and autumn dark brownish green most tea products for Raw material processing, by Too high in tea polyphenols content of material, amino acids content of material is relatively low, causes tea leaf quality relatively Difference, price is relatively low, the less result of economic benefit, causes Summer-autumn tea resource utilization low, wave Take serious consequence.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea and processing method thereof, with Folium Camelliae sinensis For raw material, utilize amino acids, the polysaccharose substance generated in Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers mycelium incubation Promote the quality of Folium Camelliae sinensis.
Technical scheme:
A kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea, with Folium Camelliae sinensis as raw material, by Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers original species or cultivation Kind it is inoculated in Folium Camelliae sinensis, sterilized, cultivate, inactivate, obtain Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermentation after drying Tea.Described Folium Camelliae sinensis is Theaceae Camellia Plants young sprout.Described Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is Morchellaceae, Morchella.
A kind of processing method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea, process steps includes:
Sterilizing: using solarization green tea is raw material, carries out high-temp steam sterilizing to shining green tea, temperature Degree is 100 DEG C~120 DEG C, and time 90min~120min makes solarization green tea water content control 60%~65%;
Cultivate: after the solarization green tea of sterilized process is cooled to room temperature, by Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers original species or Cultigen is seeded on solarization green tea, under the conditions of lucifuge, culturing room's temperature control at 10 DEG C~ 20 DEG C, incubation time is 20 days~60 days;
Inactivation: treat that Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers mycelium is in leaf, when leaf color and luster deepens, terminates Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers Mycelial growth, use high-temperature inactivation method, Ye Wen more than 80 DEG C, time 20min~ 60min, obtains Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea raw material;
It is dried: first at 120 DEG C~150 DEG C, gross fire is dried 15min~20min, makes Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers The water content of hypha fermentation tea raw material is down to 15%~25%, carries out at foot fire after natural spreading for cooling again Reason, foot fire temperature is 80 DEG C~105 DEG C, and drying time is 90min~120min, it is thus achieved that contain The water yield is the Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea finished product of 6%~7%.
Described green tea is Theaceae Camellia Plants young sprout.Described Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is Morchellaceae, Morchella.
Beneficial effect: the Folium Camelliae sinensis that the present invention uses is with Theaceae Camellia Plants (Camellia Sinensis (L.) O.Ktze.) young sprout is raw material.Its use corresponding processes green tea, Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis, yellow tea, tea, black tea, the raw tea product of postfermented tea or refined tea product.
The present invention uses Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers original species and all artificial cultivars.Described Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers (Morchella sp) is Morchellaceae (Morchellaceae), morchella (Morchella).
Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is a kind of Rare edible fungus kind, because of its cap surface irregularity, shape such as Gaster caprae seu Ovis And gain the name.Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is also known as Gaster caprae seu Ovis dish, sheep mushroom, Gaster caprae seu Ovis mushroom.For stagnation of QI due to dyspepsia, gastral cavity abdominal distention Full, expectorant is stopped up QI rising in reverse order and is breathed with cough.
Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is foremost delicious food bacterium in ascomycetes, its cap part contain isoleucine, Leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and 7 kinds of needed by human of valine Aminoacid, sweet cold nontoxic, useful the intestines and stomach, phlegm-eliminiating and qi-regulating drug effect.The nutrition of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is suitable Abundant, according to surveying and determination, Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers contains crude protein 20%, crude fat 26%, carbohydrate 38.1%, Possibly together with several amino acids, particularly content of glutamic acid is up to 1.76%.There is " meat or fish in element " Laudatory title.Protein in human body is made up of 20 kinds of aminoacid collocation, and Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers Just containing 18 kinds, wherein 8 kinds of aminoacid are that human body can not manufacture, but on human nutrition Seem increasingly important, so being referred to as " essential amino acids ".
It addition, Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers at least contains 8 kinds of vitamin according to surveying and determination: vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, the pyrrole sound of vomiting alcohol, biotin, folic acid etc..Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers Nutrition, can be suitable with Lac Bovis seu Bubali, meat and fish flour.Therefore, the most often it is called " healthy One of food ".Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers containing suppression tumor polysaccharide, antibacterial, the active component of antiviral, There is all multiactions such as enhancing human body immunity power, resisting fatigue, antiviral, suppression tumor;Japan Scientist finds in Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers extracting solution containing tyrosinase inhibitor, can effectively suppress fat The formation of brown matter.
Selenium abundant contained by Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is that the composition of human erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase becomes Point, a large amount of oxygen molecule can be transported to suppress malignant tumor, make cancerous cell inactivate;Another aspect can add The antioxidation of strong vitamin E.The antioxidation of selenium can change direction of carcinogenic generation, And detoxify by combining, thus carcinogenic danger is reduced or eliminated.
Due to the present invention compared with prior art, on the premise of without any cultivation adjuvant, Using Folium Camelliae sinensis as the culture medium of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium bulk-growth, whole process, without external contaminant, is protected Demonstrate,prove the safety of product.Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers mycelium incubation of the present invention can synthesize substantial amounts of ammonia Base acid and polysaccharose substance, add the fresh refreshing degree of product flavour and the abundant of inclusions Degree.It addition, Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers mycelium incubation, the component content in Folium Camelliae sinensis also can occur multiple Various chemical change, the particularly autoxidation of tea polyphenols material, bitterness reduces.Pass through The comprehensive function of above-mentioned substance chemical change, finally improves the quality as culture medium Folium Camelliae sinensis.
Sweet in the mouth of the present invention, have beneficial the intestines and stomach, digestion help food, phlegm-eliminiating and qi-regulating, the kidney invigorating, tonifying YANG, Supplementing the brain, the function refreshed oneself, have strong health, preventing cold, enhancing body immunity.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea, with Folium Camelliae sinensis as raw material, by Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers original species or cultivation Kind it is inoculated in Folium Camelliae sinensis, sterilized, cultivate, inactivate, obtain Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermentation after drying Tea.Described Folium Camelliae sinensis is Theaceae Camellia Plants young sprout.Described Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is Morchellaceae, Morchella.
Its preparation for processing is as follows:
Embodiment 1:
The processing method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea, process steps includes:
1, sterilizing: using solarization green tea is raw material, is placed in pressure cooker by solarization green tea, right Shining green tea and carry out high-temp steam sterilizing, temperature is 100 DEG C, and time 90min makes solarization green Tea water content control is 60%;
2, cultivate: after the solarization green tea of sterilized process is cooled to room temperature (25 DEG C), by sheep Tripe bacteria cultivation kind is seeded in shines on green tea (by the inoculum concentration inoculation of 5%, as shone green tea 1 Kilogram, cultigen 50 grams), under the conditions of lucifuge, culturing room's temperature control, at 10 DEG C, is cultivated Time is 20 days;
3, inactivation: treat that Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers mycelium is in leaf, when leaf color and luster deepens, terminates sheep The mycelial growth of tripe bacterium, employing high-temperature inactivation method, Ye Wen 80 DEG C, time 20min, Obtain Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea raw material;
4, it is dried: first at 120 DEG C, gross fire is dried 15min, makes Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea former The water content of material is down to 15%, carries out foot fire again and process after natural spreading for cooling, and foot fire temperature is 80 DEG C, Drying time is 90min, it is thus achieved that water content is the Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea finished product of 6%.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of processing method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea, process steps includes:
Sterilizing: using solarization green tea is raw material, is placed in pressure cooker by solarization green tea, to solarization Green tea carries out high-temp steam sterilizing, and temperature is 120 DEG C, time 120min, makes solarization green tea contain Water rate control is 65%;
Cultivate: after the solarization green tea of sterilized process is cooled to room temperature (25 DEG C), by Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers Original species are seeded in and shine (inoculum concentration by 15% is inoculated) on green tea, under the conditions of lucifuge, Culturing room's temperature control is at 20 DEG C, and incubation time is 60 days;
Inactivation: treat that Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers mycelium is in leaf, when leaf color and luster deepens, terminates Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers Mycelial growth, employing high-temperature inactivation method, Ye Wen more than 85 DEG C, time 60min, Obtain Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea raw material;
It is dried: first at 150 DEG C, gross fire is dried 20min, makes Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea raw material Water content be down to 25%, carry out foot fire after natural spreading for cooling again and process, foot fire temperature is 105 DEG C, Drying time is 120min, it is thus achieved that water content is the Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea finished product of 7%.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of processing method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea, process steps includes:
Sterilizing: using solarization green tea is raw material, is placed in pressure cooker by solarization green tea, to solarization Green tea carries out high-temp steam sterilizing, and temperature is 110 DEG C, time 110min, makes solarization green tea contain Water rate control is 63%;
Cultivate: after the solarization green tea of sterilized process is cooled to room temperature (25 DEG C), by Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers Cultigen is seeded in and shines (inoculum concentration by 8% is inoculated) on green tea, under the conditions of lucifuge, and training Foster room temperature controls at 15 DEG C, and incubation time is 40 days;
Inactivation: treat that Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers mycelium is in leaf, when leaf color and luster deepens, terminates Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers Mycelial growth, uses high-temperature inactivation method, Ye Wen 83 DEG C, time 40min, obtains Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea raw material;
It is dried: first at 130 DEG C, gross fire is dried 18min, makes Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea raw material Water content be down to 20%, carry out foot fire after natural spreading for cooling again and process, foot fire temperature is 90 DEG C, Drying time is 100min, it is thus achieved that water content is the Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea finished product of 6.5%.
Folium Camelliae sinensis contain tea polyphenols, catechin, chlorophyll, caffeine, aminoacid, tea polysaccharide, The compositions such as vitamin.Wherein theanine is the distinctive a kind of aminoacid of Folium Camelliae sinensis, containing in Folium Camelliae sinensis Amount accounts for more than the 40% of total amino acid content.Aminoacid in the quality of tea and Folium Camelliae sinensis, Content of tea polysaccharide has relatively Important Relations.
The fermentation processing method of employing science, improves the aminoacid in Folium Camelliae sinensis, content of tea polysaccharide, reduces Polyphenol content, improves the nutritional labeling of Folium Camelliae sinensis further and improves mouthfeel, improves tea leaf quality. Clean taste of the present invention, sweet-smelling sweet in the mouth.
As follows aminoacid, tea polysaccharide, tea polyphenols are made component analysis with the present invention by green tea materials.
Table 1: aminoacid, tea polysaccharide, tea polyphenols composition contrast.
Sample Aminoacid % Tea polysaccharide % Tea polyphenols %
Green tea materials 2.93 5.86 22.62
Embodiment 1 Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea 5.89 15.03 19.87
Embodiment 2 Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea 6.88 17.98 17.88
Embodiment 3 Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea 6.16 15.87 19.00
Polyphenol content is measured by above-mentioned employing ferrous tartrate method.To aminoacid by full-automatic Amino-acid analyzer is measured and analyzes.Use spectrophotometry content of tea polysaccharide.
Embodiment 4 (nonvaccinated fermented tea):
Using solarization green tea is raw material, is placed in pressure cooker by solarization green tea, enters shining green tea Row high-temp steam sterilizing, temperature is 120 DEG C, time 120min, makes solarization green tea water content control System is 65%;After the solarization green tea of sterilized process is cooled to room temperature (25 DEG C), at lucifuge bar Under part, culturing room's temperature control is at 20 DEG C, and incubation time is 60 days;First gross fire at 150 DEG C It is dried 20min, makes the water content of fermented tea raw material be down to 25%, after natural spreading for cooling, carry out foot again Fire processes, and foot fire temperature is 105 DEG C, and drying time is 120min, it is thus achieved that water content is 7% Fermented tea finished product.
Table 2: mouthfeel contrasts.
Sample Mouthfeel
Embodiment 2 Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea Mellow sweetness
Embodiment 4 fermented tea Alcohol and
The embodiment of the present invention 2 Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea is supplied to often flu person 30 example (wherein man Property 20 examples, women 10 example) drink 15 days, flu reduce, effective 27 examples.
After measured, embodiment 2 Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea is compared with embodiment 4 fermented tea, real Execute example 2 Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea higher containing aminoacid, tea polysaccharide, relatively low containing tea polyphenols.
Folium Camelliae sinensis is the beverage that people like, along with the progress of modernization science and technology, people are to tea Chemical analysis and the understanding of health care more and more deep.A kind of drink quenched one's thirst is not only by Folium Camelliae sinensis Material, and contain according to relevant research data introduction, green tea rich in nutritional labelings such as several amino acids 17 kinds of aminoacid, and 8 kinds of aminoacid containing needed by human.From theanine, winter propylhomoserin, From the point of view of glutamic acid and arginine four kinds affect the primary amino acid of tea leaf quality, content of the present invention is relatively High.
Tea polysaccharide is a kind of biological active substances in Folium Camelliae sinensis, is a kind of acidoglycoprotein, and combines There are substantial amounts of mineral element, referred to as Tea Polysaccharides complex, referred to as Tea Polysaccharides or tea polysaccharide. The part of sugar is mainly by arabinose, xylose, fucose, glucose, galactose etc., mineral nitrogen Element mainly by calcium, magnesium, ferrum, manganese etc. and a small amount of trace element, forms such as rare earth element etc.. Modern pharmacological research confirm, tea polysaccharide have blood sugar lowering, blood fat reducing, blood pressure lowering and decreased heart rate, The effect of anoxia enduring, tea polysaccharide is formed at anticoagulation, preventing thrombosis simultaneously.
Tea polyphenols is the general name of Polyphenols of Tea, including flavanol compound, anthocyanin class, Flavonoid, flavonols and phenolic acids etc..Tea polyphenols is the main one-tenth having health care in Folium Camelliae sinensis One of part.But, Tea Polyphenols too high levels, causes Folium Camelliae sinensis bitter in the mouth.
The present invention improves the aminoacid in Folium Camelliae sinensis, content of tea polysaccharide further, reduces tea polyphenols and contains Amount, sweet in the mouth of the present invention, have beneficial the intestines and stomach, digest help food, phlegm-eliminiating and qi-regulating, the kidney invigorating, supplementing the brain, The function refreshed oneself, has strong health, preventing cold, enhancing body immunity.The present invention is to tea Resource makes full use of, and increases economic efficiency, significant to Chinese tea development.

Claims (6)

1. a Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea, it is characterised in that: with Folium Camelliae sinensis as raw material, by sheep Tripe bacterium original species or cultigen are inoculated in Folium Camelliae sinensis, sterilized, cultivate, inactivate, dried To Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea.
A kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Described Folium Camelliae sinensis is Theaceae Camellia Plants young sprout.
A kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Described Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is Morchellaceae, morchella.
4. the processing method of a Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea, it is characterised in that processing method bag Include:
Sterilizing: using solarization green tea is raw material, carries out high-temp steam sterilizing to shining green tea, temperature Degree is 100 DEG C~120 DEG C, and time 90min~120min makes solarization green tea water content control 60%~65%;
Cultivate: after the solarization green tea of sterilized process is cooled to room temperature, by Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers original species or Cultigen is seeded on solarization green tea, under the conditions of lucifuge, culturing room's temperature control at 10 DEG C~ 20 DEG C, incubation time is 20 days~60 days;
Inactivation: treat that Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers mycelium is in leaf, when leaf color and luster deepens, terminates Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers Mycelial growth, use high-temperature inactivation method, Ye Wen more than 80 DEG C, time 20min~ 60min, obtains Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea raw material;
It is dried: first at 120 DEG C~150 DEG C, gross fire is dried 15min~20min, makes Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers The water content of hypha fermentation tea raw material is down to 15%~25%, carries out at foot fire after natural spreading for cooling again Reason, foot fire temperature is 80 DEG C~105 DEG C, and drying time is 90min~120min, it is thus achieved that contain The water yield is the Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea finished product of 6%~7%.
The processing method of a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea the most according to claim 4, It is characterized in that: described green tea is Theaceae Camellia Plants young sprout.
The processing method of a kind of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Mycelium fermented tea the most according to claim 1, It is characterized in that: described Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is Morchellaceae, morchella.
CN201610409615.9A 2016-06-12 2016-06-12 Toadstool hypha fermented tea and processing method thereof Pending CN105961670A (en)

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Application publication date: 20160928