CN105945282A - Special selective laser melting equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopedic implant - Google Patents
Special selective laser melting equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopedic implant Download PDFInfo
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- CN105945282A CN105945282A CN201610341144.2A CN201610341144A CN105945282A CN 105945282 A CN105945282 A CN 105945282A CN 201610341144 A CN201610341144 A CN 201610341144A CN 105945282 A CN105945282 A CN 105945282A
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- powder
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- selective laser
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- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 67
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229950000845 politef Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002114 biscuit porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000035985 Body Odor Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010055000 Bromhidrosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004394 hip joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010068975 Bone atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000292525 Titanio Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002316 cosmetic surgery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003412 degenerative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011540 hip replacement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052588 hydroxylapatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;hydroxide;triphosphate Chemical compound [OH-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O XYJRXVWERLGGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010433 powder painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010048734 sclerotin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001694 thigh bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/17—Auxiliary heating means to heat the build chamber or platform
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/77—Recycling of gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/20—Cooling means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/52—Hoppers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
A special device for selective laser melting for directly manufacturing metal orthopedic implants is characterized by comprising a forming system, a powder recovery system, a powder spreading system, a laser transmission system, a dust filtering and water/oxygen purifying double circulation system and a sealing cavity; the forming system, the powder recovery system and the powder spreading system are all arranged in the sealed cavity, the laser transmission system is arranged at the upper part of the sealed cavity, and the dust filtering and water/oxygen purifying double circulation system is arranged outside the sealed cavity; the forming system comprises a forming cylinder, a forming cylinder piston, a ball screw, a servo motor and a grating ruler; a heating copper plate, a water cooling system and a temperature sensor are arranged inside the forming cylinder piston; the powder paving system adopts a powder paving mode to pave powder; the forming process is carried out under the protection of argon and is provided with a dust filtering and water/oxygen purifying double-circulation system. The forming cavity has high atmosphere cleanliness and high dimensional precision of formed parts, can form bionic structures such as porous structures and biological channels, and is suitable for rapid and personalized customization of artificial hip joints.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical supplies manufacturing technology, a kind of equipment manufactured for medical implant, a kind of selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant.
Background technology
At present, orthopaedics implants prosthese particularly hip replacement, has become as plastic surgery and invests maximum, develops one of the most prominent field.According to statistics, the whole world has the hip joint of 1,100,000 examples to implant every year, and presents the trend of cumulative year after year.Therefore metal orthopaedics is implanted the research of prosthese technology, there is important scientific value and social economic value.
What China currently used implants the prosthese one-tenth series standard part based on external import.The design object of imported product is white people, has measurement data to show, compatriots' near end of thighbone anatomic form and white people there were significant differences on collodiaphyseal angle property, the collodiaphyseal angle of compatriots is significantly greater than white people.The shape of these implant handles is not mated with the skeleton of China patient, needs cement reaction, easily loosen during use when performing the operation, and the life-span is shorter, brings extra postoperative slight illness to patient.
Additionally, there is the following problem being difficult to overcome in traditional metal orthopaedics implant processing method.
(1) implant mainstay material is titanium alloy at present, on the one hand, manufacture titanium alloy difficulty by traditional method relatively big, and operation very complicated, the production cycle is long, and manufacturing cost is high；On the other hand, cast and machine the processing mode combined and be difficult to produce neatly according to individual variation required structure and size.
(2) in order to reduce and avoid the long-term loosening of implant, need implant surfaces is done special handling.Traditional method many employings implant surfaces coating technology such as metal powder painting, microballon or tinsel sintering, hydroxyapatite coating layer etc., to forming metastable faying face between sclerotin.But these methods all also exist that to combine coating low with substrate interface intensity, in bone length, the problems such as difficulty of growing into, when the chip that articular surface abrasion produces gradually increases, it will form bone in interface and dissolve and then cause implant to loosen and lost efficacy.
(3) in order to form good Bone Ingrowth after surgery, need to be fabricated to class trabecular bone structure layer (micropore surface) at the position that metal implant contacts with bone bed, to close the medium intrusion path causing bone to dissolve, effectively slow down degenerative bone atrophy.Loose structure is added in implant, proof strength enough in the case of can reduce the epistasis modulus of metal, be allowed to and the mating, to reduce stress shielding effect of people's bone, and owing to containing substantial amounts of connective hole in structure, the transmission of body fluid and the interior growth of new bone tissue can be promoted.Traditional processing method is all difficult to micropore and loose structure.
If able to set up a kind of formula one to one match with subjects bones, the implant handle with biomimetic features, then the using effect of patient must will be improved.Based on this, sight line is gradually turned to 3D to print field by people, it is desirable to realize quickly manufacturing and personalized customization of metal orthopaedics implant by the method increasing material manufacture.
Selective laser smelting technology (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) it is to increase material to manufacture the important branch in field, its ultimate principle is: under control of the computer, focusing laser beam is utilized to be completely melt by metal dust, then according to the slice information of electronic 3-D model, by point to line, by line to face, by face to body Prototyping Metal Parts.Selective laser smelting technology has the advantage that
(1) selective laser melting unit uses powder self-supporting mode, and spatial accessibility is high；
(2) selective laser melting unit uses the manufacture of " discrete-to pile up ", can shape the structure of arbitrarily complicated shape merit, especially micropore and loose structure in theory；
(3) increase compared with material manufactures with other, selective laser smelting technology can high with formation tissue consistency, there is the metal parts of complete metallurgical binding.
But, in the melting unit of existing selective laser, mostly use and there is problems in that
(1) forming dimension is relatively big, and powder using efficiency is relatively low；
(2) using the mode of powder cylinder lower berth powder for powder, equipment volume is bigger；
(3) forming cavity can not realize accurate dust and water/oxygen content detection and filtration, and atmosphere clean degree is relatively low.
Therefore, existing selective laser melting unit is not suitable for the direct manufacture of metal orthopaedics implant, is badly in need of developing a special equipment for the feature of metal orthopaedics implant.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to not adapt to individuation manufacture for existing medical implant, cause the manufacturing cycle long, the problem of bad adaptability, designs a kind of selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant, it is characterised in that it includes that formation system, powder recovery system, paving powder system, transmission laser system, dust-filtering and water/oxygen purify binary cycle system and annular seal space；Described formation system, powder recovery system, paving powder system are placed in annular seal space body, described transmission laser system is placed in sealing cavity top, described dust-filtering and water/oxygen purify binary cycle system and are placed in outside annular seal space, and are connected with annular seal space by the passage on annular seal space；Described formation system includes formation cylinder, formation cylinder piston, ball-screw, servomotor and grating scale；Described formation cylinder internal piston is provided with heating copper coin, water-cooling system and temperature sensor；Described paving powder system uses the mode of upper berth powder to spread powder；Forming process is carried out under argon shield, and is provided with dust-filtering and water/oxygen purification binary cycle system.
Described formation cylinder piston is fixing with grating reading head to be connected, and described formation cylinder be connected servomotor fixing with scale grating cooperatively forms closed loop control with scale grating, makes formation cylinder piston positioning precision reach 5 μm.
Described formation cylinder piston includes piston base plate, adpting flange, paving powder substrate, copper heating plate, water-cooling channel, politef heat insulating mattress and temperature sensor；Described copper heating plate is placed on piston base plate, is fixed with piston base plate by screwed hole, separates with politef heat insulating mattress between described copper heating plate and piston base plate, and has the gap of 2-4mm with the powder substrate that spreads above it；Described water-cooling channel is placed in outside copper heating plate and seals with zero RunddichtringO；Described temperature sensor is connected with control system, the real-time monitoring of high temperature preheating and temperature to realize bisque.
Described paving powder system includes spreading powder bucket, ball-screw, scraper and electromagnetic valve；Described paving powder bucket is placed in above formation cylinder, ball-screw drive, side-to-side movement；Described scraper is installed on paving powder bucket port of export side, strikes off powder and be compacted while paving powder bucket motion；Described electromagnetic valve is installed on paving powder bucket opening part, and the aperture size to control opening that is connected with control system.
Described sealing cavity respectively has blow vent；Described left and right sides passage is connected with gas purge system, forms water/oxygen decontamination cycle, and front and back both sides passage is connected with dust filtering system, forms dust-filtering circulation.
Described water/oxygen cleaning system includes dust filter cartridge, gas circulation line, electromagnetic valve, water content sensor, oxygen level sensor, vacuum pump, water/oxygen depurator, argon air accumulator；Described annular seal space all around has blow vent and argon is supplemented in QI KOU, seals intracavity gas and enters gas circulation line by right side passage；Described gas circulation line exit is provided with electromagnetic valve in order to control the break-make of gas circulation；Described gas circulation line exit is provided with water content sensor and oxygen level sensor, and described water content sensor and oxygen level sensor accuracy of detection are up to 0.1ppm.
Described dust filtering system includes dust-filtering circulation line, dust filter unit, circulating fan, dust filter cartridge.Before and after described sealing cavity, side has passage, seals intracavity gas and enters dust-filtering circulation line by front side passage；Come from annular seal space to be contained within the gas of dust and enter dust filter unit through dust-filtering circulation line under the suction of blower fan, the gas filtered through dust filter unit through the secondary filter of dust filter cartridge subsequently into annular seal space.
At rear circulation air inlet, air-inlet grille is installed.
Air equalizer opening is had to balance upper and lower cavity bromhidrosis pressure on described annular seal space horizontal plate.
Described transmission laser system includes optical fiber laser, collimator and extender mirror, field lens, scanning galvanometer and optical lens；Described collimator and extender mirror, field lens, scanning galvanometer are positioned at sealing cavity top, and optical lens is positioned at protection intracavity portion relative with formation cylinder；Described optical fiber laser and scanning galvanometer are connected with control system；The collimated beam expanding lens of laser beam, field lens, scanning galvanometer and optical lens that optical fiber laser is sent arrive metal powder surface thus melt metal；The described preferred 800W of optical fiber laser power, beam quality M2 < 1.2, laser beam energy is Gauss distribution, and described laser works pattern is continuous mode；It is provided with Water-cooling circulating device inside described scanning galvanometer protective cover.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) present invention uses the thought of " discrete-to pile up ", the fast manufacture that by point to line, by line to face, can be realized artificial joint by face to body Prototyping Metal Parts and personalized customization.
(2) present invention can shape the biomimetic features such as micropore, porous, biological corridor.
(3) forming dimension relatively matches with hip joint, and powder using efficiency is higher.
(4) forming cavity can realize accurate dust and water/oxygen content detection and filtration, and atmosphere clean degree is higher, is particularly suitable for requiring manufacturing environment the manufacture of high artificial joint.
(5) described water/oxygen cleaning system intermittent work, argon and the energy are borrowed again in the requirement that can meet gas filtration.
(6) present invention can realize the high temperature preheating of bisque and the real-time monitoring of preheating temperature.
(7) present invention can shape the materials such as titanio, magnesio, iron-based, ceramic base, and moulding material is extensive, and craft flexibility is high.
(8) increase compared with material manufactures with other, selective laser smelting technology can high with formation tissue consistency, there is the metal parts of complete metallurgical binding.
(9) at the end of part forming, Powder Recovery cylinder rises under the driving of motor, the powder that convenient recovery is unnecessary.
(10) use upper berth powder supplies powder form, compact conformation, is taken up space little, can be placed on using.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 sectional view at A-A.
Fig. 3 is dust-filtering and water/oxygen purification binary cycle system schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is workflow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is formation cylinder piston structure figure.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant, as shown in Figure 1, including: formation cylinder servomotor 1, formation cylinder ball-screw 2, formation cylinder piston 3, formation cylinder 4, scraper 5, hopper electromagnetic valve 6, right passage 7, hopper 8, annular seal space pressure transducer 9, annular seal space temperature sensor 10, argon is supplemented in QI KOU 11, galvanometer assembly 12, collimator and extender mirror and field lens 13, optical fiber laser 14, hopper ball-screw 15, hopper drives motor 16, left passage 17, rear air inlet grid 18, Powder Recovery piston 19, Powder Recovery cylinder 20, Powder Recovery cylinder ball-screw 21, Powder Recovery cylinder motor 22, annular seal space 23, grating reading head 24, scale grating 25.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 sectional view at A-A, including flue dust collecting pipe 26, air equalizer opening 27, forming cavity horizontal plate 28.
Fig. 3 is dust-filtering and water/oxygen purification binary cycle system schematic diagram, including water/oxygen filter 31, argon air accumulator 32, vacuum pump check valve 33, vacuum pump 34, water content sensor 35, oxygen level sensor 36, pipeline valve 37, filter element 38, air inlet grid 18, circulating fan 39, Powdex filter 40, annular seal space 23.
Described formation system is made up of formation cylinder servomotor 1, formation cylinder ball-screw 2, formation cylinder piston 3, formation cylinder 4；Described powder recovery system is made up of Powder Recovery cylinder 19, Powder Recovery piston 20, Powder Recovery cylinder ball-screw 21, Powder Recovery cylinder motor 22；Described paving powder system is driven motor 16 to form by scraper 5, hopper electromagnetic valve 6, hopper ball-screw 15, hopper；Described transmission laser system is made up of galvanometer assembly 12, collimator and extender mirror and field lens 13, optical fiber laser 14；Described gas purge system is made up of water/oxygen filter 31, argon air accumulator 32, vacuum pump check valve 33, vacuum pump 34, water content sensor 34, oxygen level sensor 36, pipeline valve 37；Described dust filtering system is made up of filter element 38, air inlet grid 18, circulating fan 39, Powdex filter 40, annular seal space 23.
It is internal that described formation cylinder 4 and Powder Recovery cylinder 19 are installed on annular seal space 23, and the two top is concordant with forming cavity horizontal plate 28 upper surface.It is internal that described formation cylinder piston 3 is installed on formation cylinder 4, is threaded connection with formation cylinder ball-screw 2, is connected with formation cylinder servomotor 1 bottom formation cylinder ball-screw 2 bottom it.Described formation cylinder piston 3 can move up and down along formation cylinder 4 sidewall under the driving of formation cylinder servomotor 1.
It is internal that described Powder Recovery piston 20 is installed on Powder Recovery cylinder 19, is threaded connection with Powder Recovery cylinder ball-screw 21, is connected with Powder Recovery cylinder motor 22 bottom Powder Recovery cylinder ball-screw 21 bottom it.Described Powder Recovery piston 20 can move up and down along Powder Recovery cylinder 19 sidewall under the driving of Powder Recovery cylinder motor 22.
Described hopper 8 is installed on the hopper ball-screw 15 within annular seal space 23, has meal outlet bottom hopper 8, and described meal outlet is controlled aperture by hopper electromagnetic valve 6.Scraper 5 is installed on the right side of described meal outlet.Described hopper 8 can realize side-to-side movement together with scraper 5 under the driving of hopper ball-screw 15, thus realizes spreading powder action.
In forming process, control system, according to the slice information of host computer, sends instruction to formation cylinder servomotor 1, and formation cylinder servomotor 1, under the cooperation of grating reading head 24 and scale grating 25, declines a slice thickness.
Before opening dust filtering system and gas purge system, close all pipe valves, start vacuum pump 34, to annular seal space 23 evacuation, when annular seal space pressure transducer 9 shows annular seal space 23 internal pressure less than 0.08MPa, close vacuum pump 34.Then open argon gas bomb switch in annular seal space 23, be passed through argon, and open all pipe valves, start circulating fan 39, dust filter unit 40 and water/oxygen filter 31.When annular seal space pressure transducer 9 shows that closing argon switch stopping when annular seal space 23 internal pressure is 0.12MPa is passed through argon.When in annular seal space 23, oxygen content, less than when setting threshold value, closes water/oxygen filter 31.
Operating according to the present embodiment, described water/oxygen cleaning system intermittent work, argon and the energy are saved again in the requirement that can meet gas filtration.
Fig. 5 is formation cylinder piston structure figure, including adpting flange 41, formation cylinder piston lower plate 42, politef heat insulating mattress 43, formation cylinder piston upper plate 44, asbestos insulation pad 45, copper heating plate 46, forming board 47, O type waterproof grommet 50.
Two power interfaces 49, built-in temperature sensor are left in described copper heating plate 46 side.Described formation cylinder piston lower plate 42 has closure gasket groove 48.Described adpting flange has circular water-cooled groove 51.
Described adpting flange 41 is threaded connection with formation cylinder piston lower plate 42.Described asbestos insulation pad 43 is placed in formation cylinder piston lower plate 42 groove, its copper heating plate 46 installed above, and politef heat insulating mattress 43 is installed in both sides.Described formation cylinder piston upper plate 44 is threaded connection with formation cylinder piston lower plate 44, and inside has groove to accommodate copper heating plate 46.Described forming board 47 is connected with formation cylinder piston upper plate 44 by connecting bolt.In order to prevent formation cylinder powder from leaking into formation cylinder piston 3 bottom, described formation cylinder piston lower plate 42 has closure gasket groove 48, in order to install dust-proof seal ring.Described adpting flange has annular water-cooled groove 51, and described water-cooled groove 51 forms confined space with formation cylinder piston lower plate 42.Annular groove is had, in order to mounting O-shaped waterproof grommet 50 inside and outside described annular water-cooled groove 51.
Described copper heating plate 46 connects 220V alternating current power supply.The temperature information collected is sent to control system as feedback signal and is formed by copper heating plate 46 internal temperature sensor, and control system pid control mode controls to make basal plate preheating temperature stabilization at 150 DEG C heat time heating time.Described annular water-cooled groove 51 accesses Water-cooling circulating, in order to control to preheat temperature, reduces the heat being delivered on ball-screw 2 simultaneously.
Fig. 4 is workflow of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) by the way of CT tomoscan Direct Modeling or employing three-dimensional measurement reverse modeling, hip joint three-dimensional CAD model is obtained；
(2) three-dimensional CAD model is carried out slicing treatment, obtain n-layer slicing profile information, then two-dimensional CAD model is carried out trajectory planning, obtain scanning pattern information.Gained trace information is stored in selective laser fusing special equipment host computer.
(3) cleaning annular seal space residual dust, adds metal dust powder to hopper, and its quality is 1.5-2 times of final formation of parts quality.
(4) dust filtering system and gas purge system are opened.
(5) formation system, powder recovery system, paving powder system are resetted, i.e. formation cylinder piston 3 is risen to the position concordant with forming cavity horizontal plate 28 upper surface by pc control procedure, and climb is by limit switch control；Being dropped to by Powder Recovery piston 20 bottom Powder Recovery cylinder 19, dropping distance is by limit switch control；Hopper 8 is moved to low order end, and displacement is by limit switch control.
(6) formation cylinder piston 3 declines 1 slice thickness under the control of pc control procedure and grating reading head 24 and scale grating 25.
(7) hopper electromagnetic valve 6 is opened, and hopper 8 moves from right to left, and bisque is paved and is compacted by scraper 5, and is scraped in Powder Recovery cylinder 19 by unnecessary powder, completes once to spread powder rear hopper electromagnetic valve 6 and closes.
(8) scanning galvanometer 12 carries out single pass shaping to bisque under control of the control system according to the routing information obtained in (2).
(9) formation cylinder piston 3 declines 1 slice thickness.
(10) hopper 8 resets, and the most from left to right moves to initial position.
(11) repeat (9), enter next forming cycle until n-layer section has all scanned.
(12) circulating fan 39, dust filter unit 40 are closed.
(13) use Manual Mode that formation cylinder 4 and Powder Recovery cylinder 19 are risen suitable height to take out workpiece and reclaiming powder.After part forming completes, it rises by Non-follow control for described formation cylinder and Powder Recovery cylinder, it is simple to takes out workpiece and reclaims powder.
Above-mentioned example of executing is the present invention preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not limited by above-described embodiment; other are any do not run counter to made under spirit of the invention and principle change, modify, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Part that the present invention does not relate to is the most same as the prior art maybe can use prior art to be realized.
Claims (10)
1. one kind melts special equipment for directly manufacturing the selective laser of metal orthopaedics implant, it is characterised in that it includes that formation system, powder recovery system, paving powder system, transmission laser system, dust-filtering and water/oxygen purify binary cycle system and annular seal space；Described formation system, powder recovery system, paving powder system are placed in annular seal space body, described transmission laser system is placed in sealing cavity top, described dust-filtering and water/oxygen purify binary cycle system and are placed in outside annular seal space, and are connected with annular seal space by the passage on annular seal space；Described formation system includes formation cylinder, formation cylinder piston, ball-screw, servomotor and grating scale；Described formation cylinder internal piston is provided with heating copper coin, water-cooling system and temperature sensor；Described paving powder system uses the mode of upper berth powder to spread powder；Forming process is carried out under argon shield, and is provided with dust-filtering and water/oxygen purification binary cycle system.
Selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described formation cylinder piston is fixing with grating reading head to be connected, described formation cylinder be connected servomotor fixing with scale grating cooperatively forms closed loop control with scale grating, makes formation cylinder piston positioning precision reach 5 μm.
Selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described formation cylinder piston includes piston base plate, adpting flange, paving powder substrate, copper heating plate, water-cooling channel, politef heat insulating mattress and temperature sensor；Described copper heating plate is placed on piston base plate, is fixed with piston base plate by screwed hole, separates with politef heat insulating mattress between described copper heating plate and piston base plate, and has the gap of 2-4mm with the powder substrate that spreads above it；Described water-cooling channel is placed in outside copper heating plate and seals with zero RunddichtringO；Described temperature sensor is connected with control system, the real-time monitoring of high temperature preheating and temperature to realize bisque.
Selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described paving powder system includes spreading powder bucket, ball-screw, scraper and electromagnetic valve；Described paving powder bucket is placed in above formation cylinder, ball-screw drive, side-to-side movement；Described scraper is installed on paving powder bucket port of export side, strikes off powder and be compacted while paving powder bucket motion；Described electromagnetic valve is installed on paving powder bucket opening part, and the aperture size to control opening that is connected with control system.
Selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described sealing cavity respectively has blow vent；Described left and right sides passage is connected with gas purge system, forms water/oxygen decontamination cycle, and front and back both sides passage is connected with dust filtering system, forms dust-filtering circulation.
Selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described water/oxygen cleaning system includes dust filter cartridge, gas circulation line, electromagnetic valve, water content sensor, oxygen level sensor, vacuum pump, water/oxygen depurator, argon air accumulator；Described annular seal space all around has blow vent and argon is supplemented in QI KOU, seals intracavity gas and enters gas circulation line by right side passage；Described gas circulation line exit is provided with electromagnetic valve in order to control the break-make of gas circulation；Described gas circulation line exit is provided with water content sensor and oxygen level sensor, and described water content sensor and oxygen level sensor accuracy of detection are up to 0.1ppm.
The described selective laser fusing special equipment for directly manufacturing metal orthopaedics implant the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described dust filtering system includes dust-filtering circulation line, dust filter unit, circulating fan, dust filter cartridge；Before and after described sealing cavity, side has passage, seals intracavity gas and enters dust-filtering circulation line by front side passage；Come from annular seal space to be contained within the gas of dust and enter dust filter unit through dust-filtering circulation line under the suction of blower fan, the gas filtered through dust filter unit through the secondary filter of dust filter cartridge subsequently into annular seal space.
Melt special equipment the most according to claim 7 and for directly manufacturing the selective laser of metal orthopaedics implant, it is characterised in that: at rear circulation air inlet, air-inlet grille is installed.
Melt special equipment the most according to claim 1 and for directly manufacturing the selective laser of metal orthopaedics implant, it is characterised in that: have air equalizer opening on described annular seal space horizontal plate to balance upper and lower cavity bromhidrosis pressure.
Melt special equipment the most according to claim 1 and for directly manufacturing the selective laser of metal orthopaedics implant, it is characterised in that: described transmission laser system includes optical fiber laser, collimator and extender mirror, field lens, scanning galvanometer and optical lens；Described collimator and extender mirror, field lens, scanning galvanometer are positioned at sealing cavity top, and optical lens is positioned at protection intracavity portion relative with formation cylinder；Described optical fiber laser and scanning galvanometer are connected with control system；The collimated beam expanding lens of laser beam, field lens, scanning galvanometer and optical lens that optical fiber laser is sent arrive metal powder surface thus melt metal；The described preferred 800W of optical fiber laser power, beam quality M2 < 1.2, laser beam energy is Gauss distribution, and described laser works pattern is continuous mode；It is provided with Water-cooling circulating device inside described scanning galvanometer protective cover.
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