CN105929458B - Aviation magnetic vector detection device and monitoring method - Google Patents
Aviation magnetic vector detection device and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of aviation magnetic vector detection device and detection methods, using the lasing frequency Distributed Feedback Laser identical with alkali metal atom D1 line frequencys as pump light source, its light sent out pumps Light polarizing alkali metal atom by optoisolator, optical attenuator, the polarizer and λ/freely adjustable circular polarization of 4 wave plate generation luminous powers, makes it have macroscopic moment.The tested low-intensity magnetic field in y-axis direction makes the magnetic moment generate Larmor precession in xoz planes around y-axis.Since the circular dichroism of polarized atom causes the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light to rotate, remove pump light, gradually concussion decays to zero to deflection angle, time difference between pump light moment and first zero crossing is removed using zero crossing detection device measurement, can obtain Larmor precession frequency divided by gyromagnetic ratio can obtain magnetic vector value.The present invention has magnetic vector accuracy of detection high, and response frequency is fast, reproducible, and magnetic is surveyed suitable for aviation magnetic vector detection mobile platform.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to a kind of airborne geophysics detection device and detection methods, are based especially on measurement polarization alkali metal
The magnetic vector detection device and detection method of atom macroscopic moment frequency of fadings.
Background technology：
Aeromagnetic detection is for generally investigating oil and natural gas and other mineral products, in geologic survey, search for mineral deposit and earth section
It learns and is played an important role in research work, be a kind of main method of aerogeophysical survey.There is following spy in high-altitude magnetic field
Point：Magnetic field intensity increases with height above sea level with 1/r3Form reduces, and is less than 1nT, and because of a variety of causes in tens meters of its values of high-altitude
(human noise, thunder and lightning, solar wind etc.) real-time fluctuations, therefore high-precision, fast-response magnetic vector measuring method is aviation magnetic spy
The important research direction surveyed.
Magnetic vector measurement is resonance circular polarization to be made to pump Light polarizing alkali metal using magnetic Active Compensation or magnetic screen mode
The macroscopic moment that atom generates makees Larmor precession under Weak magentic-field environment, and circular dichroism makes resonance line detect light vector
Plane of polarization rotates, according to the measuring method for measuring deflection angular amplitude or Rate derivation magnetic vector value.The alkali metal that polarizes is former
Sub- macroscopic moment movement is related to three dynamic processes：Pumping, Larmor precession, relaxation.Resonating circular polarization pump light will be most
Number alkali metal atom pumping to the sub- energy level of same Zeeman generates macroscopic moment, which acts in vertical direction Weak magentic-field
Under make Larmor precession, at the same time, relaxation can make alkali metal atom depolarization, can be by cloth Lip river to the combined influence of magnetic moment
He Fangcheng is stated.Macroscopic moment is poor along the sub- energy level cloth inning of its equivalent Zeeman of detection optical axis direction projection, causes to left and right rounding
Polarized light component absorptive amplitude is different, so as to which the plane of polarization for making detection linearly polarized light rotates, macroscopic moment dynamics cloth Lip river
Conspicuous non trivial solution analysis solution directly determines the rotation angle of detection light deflection plane with numerical solution.Therefore, polarize alkali metal atom macroscopic view magnetic
The motion state of square is the core that magnetic vector measures.
A kind of vector surveys magnetic disclosed in CN103558566A, and alkali metal atom light light is realized using pumping laser intensity modulated
Double resonance obtains pure oscillation form macroscopic moment, and Fourier transformation is done to it and obtains the response of orthogonal and homophase frequency, scanning is adjusted
Frequency processed makes orthogonal signalling amplitude be zero, this modulating frequency obtains magnetic vector value for Larmor precession frequency divided by gyromagnetic ratio.
(M.P.Ledbetter,I.M.Savukov,V.M.Acosta.Spin-exchange-relaxation-free
Magnetometry with Cs vapor [J] .PHYSICAL REVIEW A, 2008,77,033408) Romalis researchs are small
Group proposes a kind of forms of motion for the alkali metal atom macroscopic moment that polarizes, and provides frequency range close to Larmor precession frequency, hangs down
With alkali metal atom magneto-optic double resonance occurs for the RF magnetic field of straight pumping optical axis, pure oscillation form macroscopic moment is obtained, to it
It does Fourier transformation and obtains orthogonal and homophase frequency response signal, scanning rf frequency makes orthogonal signalling amplitude be zero, this modulation
Frequency is that Larmor precession frequency divided by gyromagnetic ratio obtain magnetic vector value.
(Jiancheng Fang,Shuangai Wan,Jie Qin.Spin-exchange relaxation-free
Magnetic gradiometer with dual-beam and closed-loop Faraday modulation[J]
.J.Opt.Soc.Am.B, 2014,31.000512) room builds up professor and proposes another polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment
Forms of motion, pump light persistently polarize alkali metal atom, and macroscopic moment decays to stable state with Larmor frequency concussion and e index,
Detection light deflects proportional between angular amplitude and magnetic field, provides standard Magnetic Field, is deflected with measured data calibration detection light
It numerical relation and is fitted between angular amplitude and magnetic field, in practice according to matched curve, can be obtained by counter push away of detection light deflection angle
To magnetic vector value.
The above method directly measures amplitude when polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment motion state reaches stable state, can
As magnetic vector measure solution, but they all there are some defects to some extent.Pump modulation (light modulation or radio frequency
Magnetic field modulation) frequency response of pure oscillation form macroscopic moment is measured, since this mode is related to frequency sweeping process, system is rung
Answer rate slow.When tested changes of magnetic field is larger, there are problems that frequency losing lock is not suitable for mobile platform；Pump light is persistently made
With steady-state DC macroscopic moment mode is measured, core is to determine deflection angle steady state solution and tested magnetic field scale parameter, decision because
Element is influenced by calibration magnetic field precision, and actual measurement magnetic field data error is big, therefore is not also suitable for the measurement of mobile platform magnetic vector.
Invention content：
It is a kind of based on measurement polarization alkali metal atom it is an object of the invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide
The aviation magnetic vector detection device of macroscopic moment frequency of fadings；
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of based on the boat for measuring polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment frequency of fadings
Empty magnetic vector detection device and detection method.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
Aviation magnetic vector detection device is included in three axis Helmholtz coils, 31 center equipped with moist closet 33, moist closet
Equipped with atomic air chamber 32 in 33, Distributed Feedback Laser a11 connected by screw thread with optical fiber a14 optoisolator a12, optical attenuator a13 and
Collimator a15, Distributed Feedback Laser a11, optoisolator a12, optical attenuator a13, collimator a15, the wave plate 18 of the polarizer a17, λ/4
It is screwed on aluminium sheet with optical detector 19；Distributed Feedback Laser b21 connects optoisolator by screw thread with optical fiber b24
B22, optical attenuator b23 and collimator b25, Distributed Feedback Laser b21, optoisolator b22, optical attenuator b23, collimator b25 and rise
Inclined device b27 is screwed on aluminium sheet；Light beam splitter 41, difference are removed and detection circuit 42 and zero-crossing comparator 43 are logical
It crosses screw to be fixed on aluminium sheet, difference is removed and detection circuit 42 and zero-crossing comparator 43 are connect by data line with computer 44；Pump
Pu light path 16 passes through the wave plate 18 of the polarizer a17, λ/4, three axis Helmholtz coils 31, moist closet 33 and atomic air chamber 32 to be radiated at
On optical detector 19；It detects light path 26 and passes through polarizer b27, three axis Helmholtz coils 31, moist closet 33,32 and of atomic air chamber
Light beam splitter 41 detaches o light and e light, is removed through difference and detection circuit 42 measures deflection angular amplitude and by zero-crossing comparator 43
It captures first zero crossing removed after pump light and gives computer 44.
The polarizer a17 is vertical with optical axis, the wave plate of λ/4 18 with optical axis in angle of 45 degrees.
The detection method of aviation magnetic vector detection device, includes the following steps：
A, lasing frequency and the Distributed Feedback Laser a11 of alkali metal atom D1 line frequencys resonance are sent out as pump light source
Light can freely adjust circle by the luminous power that the wave plate 18 of optoisolator a12, optical attenuator a13, polarizer a (14) and λ/4 generates
The Light polarizing alkali metal atom of polarized pump makes alkali metal atom be in the sub- energy level of same Zeeman in the macroscopical magnetic of the axial generation of pumping
Square；
B, pump light intensity in transmission is converted into feedback electric signal by adjusting three axis Helmholtz coils by optical detector 19
31 electric currents, control remnant field intensity are less than 10nT；
C, polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment is tested in y-axis direction under weak magnetic field action generates Rameau in xoz planes
That precession；
D, using the lasing frequency Distributed Feedback Laser b21 identical with alkali metal atom D2 line frequencys as detection light source, hair
The light gone out generates luminous power by optoisolator b22, optical attenuator b23, polarizer b27 can freely regulated linear polarization detection
Light forms the atomic air chamber 32 of magnetic field active compensation device inside holding room 33, polarization by being placed in three axis Helmholtz coils 31
Alkali metal atom macroscopic moment is poor along the sub- energy level cloth inning of the equivalent Zeeman of detection optical axis direction projection, causes to detecting left and right rounding
Polarized light component absorptive amplitude is different, and the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light rotates；
E, when the alkali metal atom macroscopic moment movement that polarizes reaches stable state, pump light is removed, polarization alkali metal atom is macro
It sees magnetic moment and decays to zero with Larmor frequency oscillation e index；
F, the metering of zero-crossing comparator 43 removes the pump light moment and detaches o light and e light with light beam splitter 41, difference remove with
Frequency of oscillation i.e. Larmor frequency, Larmor is obtained in the time difference between output deflection first zero crossing of angular amplitude of detection circuit 42
Frequency divided by gyromagnetic ratio obtain magnetic vector value.
The motion mode of the polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment, that is, remove pump light, and polarization alkali metal atom is macro
See magnetic moment equation of change be：Zero is decayed to Larmor frequency oscillation e index.
Advantageous effect：The vector of the present invention surveys magnetism method and is different from existing macroscopic moment motion state steady-state value (direct current
State or alternation state) measuring method, propose a kind of macroscopic moment motion state and measuring method, that is, measure its transient oscillation attenuation
The frequency (Larmor frequency) of process.Since tested magnetic field and the straight correspondence parameter that measures are fixed physical constant, without intending
Calibration is closed, actual measurement magnetic field data precision is high；Since damping time constant is small, system response frequency is high, and data updating rate is big；It solves
High-altitude magnetic field magnitude is small, real-time fluctuations and cause to measure the problem of inaccurate, suitable for aerospace detection mobile platform.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 aviation magnetic vector detection device vertical views
Three axis Helmholtz coils, 31 front view in Fig. 2 attached drawings 1
The motion process figure of Fig. 3 polarized atom macroscopic moments μ
Fig. 4 polarizes alkali metal atom macroscopic moment in detection optical axis projection μzCoordinate explanation figure
11DFB lasers a, 12 optoisolator a, 13 optical attenuator a, 14 optical fiber a, 15 collimator a, 16 pumping light paths, 17
The wave plate of the polarizer a, 18 λ/4,19 optical detectors, 21DFB lasers b, 22 optoisolator b, 23 optical attenuator b, 24 optical fiber b, 25
Collimator b, 26 detection light paths, 27 polarizer b, 31 3 axis Helmholtz coils, 32 atomic air chambers, 33 moist closets, 41 polarised lights
Beam splitter, 42 differences are removed and detection circuit, 43 zero-crossing comparators, 44 computers.
Specific embodiment：
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
It is for the problem that high-altitude magnetic field magnitude is small, there are real-time fluctuations, provide a kind of suitable for mobile platform vector
Survey magnetic device；
Circular polarization of resonating pumps Light polarizing alkali metal atom and energy level transition occurs, most of in the sub- energy level of same Zeeman
Alkali metal atom generates macroscopic moment and makees Larmor precession, precession frequency under Weak magentic-field environment
ω=γ B (1)
It is formed and stablizes magnetic moment, pumping, macroscopic moment combined influence can be used in Larmor precession, three dynamic processes of relaxation
Bloch equations represents：
Solve macroscopic moment is in the version that detection optical axis projects：
Pump light is removed, version is：
μ0zFor the initial value that macroscopic moment is projected in detection optical axis, γeFor gyromagnetic ratio, ByFor Weak magentic-field value,For
The initial phase of macroscopic moment, RsdRelaxation rate, R are destroyed for spinpFor pumping rate.
Macroscopic moment is poor along the sub- energy level cloth inning of its equivalent Zeeman of detection optical axis direction projection, causes to left-right rotary circular polarization
Light ingredient draws amplitude is different, and so as to which the plane of polarization for making detection linearly polarized light rotates, there are numbers with macroscopic moment for deflection angle
Reason relationship：
Wherein：L is optical path length, reFor classical electron radius, n is alkali metal atom concentration, and c is the light velocity, and f shakes for pumping
Sub- intensity, υ, υ0, Δ υ is corresponding respectively to detect light frequency, D2 lines jump frequency and D2 line line widths.Find out from formula (5)：Macroscopical magnetic
The analytic solutions of square dynamics Bloch equations directly determine deflection angle with numerical solution, which is equally vibrated with Larmor frequency
E index decays to zero, measures its frequency of oscillation γeByDivided by gyromagnetic ratio obtains magnetic vector value.
Based on the magnetic vector detection device for measuring polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment frequency of fadings, using lasing frequency
With alkali metal atom D1 line frequencys resonance Distributed Feedback Laser a11 as pump light source, the light sent out by optoisolator a12,
Optical attenuator a13, the wave plate 18 of the polarizer a17 and λ/4 generate that the freely adjustable circular polarization pumping of luminous powers is Light polarizing to be placed in three
Axis Helmholtz coil 31 forms alkali metal atom in the atomic air chamber 32 of magnetic field active compensation device, generates macroscopic moment.Thoroughly
It penetrates light intensity and feedback electric signal is converted by being remained in adjusting three axis Helmholtz coils, 31 current control coil by optical detector 19
Residual magnetism field intensity.The tested low-intensity magnetic field in y-axis direction makes macroscopic moment generate Larmor precession in xoz planes around y-axis.Simultaneously
, lasing frequency with the alkali metal atom D2 line frequency identical Distributed Feedback Laser b21 vertical with pumping optical axis and low-intensity magnetic field using optical axis
As detection light source, the light sent out by optoisolator b22, optical attenuator b23, polarizer b24 generate luminous power can be free
The linear polarization detection light of adjusting is rotated by 32 plane of polarization of atomic air chamber, and light beam splitter 41 decomposes o light and e light,
Difference is removed and detection circuit 42 measures deflection angular amplitude and captures its first zero crossing by zero-crossing comparator 43, eventually by calculating
Machine 44 obtains tested magnetic vector value.
Based on the magnetic vector measuring method for measuring polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment frequency of fadings, including following step
Suddenly：
A, lasing frequency and the Distributed Feedback Laser 11 of alkali metal atom D1 line frequencys resonance are sent out as pump light source
Light passes through optoisolator a12, optical attenuator a13, the polarizer 17 and λ/freely adjustable circular polarization of 4 generation of wave plate 18 luminous powers
Light polarizing alkali metal atom is pumped, most of its is made to be in the sub- energy level of same Zeeman in the axial generation macroscopic moment of pumping；
B, pump light intensity in transmission is converted into feedback electric signal by adjusting Helmholtz coil electric current by optical detector 19
31 control remnant field intensity are less than 10nT；
C, polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment is tested in y-axis direction under weak magnetic field action generates Rameau in xoz planes
That precession；
D, using the lasing frequency Distributed Feedback Laser b21 identical with alkali metal atom D2 line frequencys as detection light source, hair
The light gone out generates luminous power by optoisolator b22, optical attenuator b23, polarizer b27 can freely regulated linear polarization detection
Light forms the atomic air chamber 32 of magnetic field active compensation device inside holding room 33, polarization by being placed in three axis Helmholtz coils 31
Alkali metal atom macroscopic moment is poor along the sub- energy level cloth inning of the equivalent Zeeman of detection optical axis direction projection, causes to detecting left and right rounding
Polarized light component absorptive amplitude is different, and the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light rotates；
E, when the alkali metal atom macroscopic moment movement that polarizes reaches stable state, pump light is removed, polarization alkali metal atom is macro
It sees magnetic moment and decays to zero with Larmor frequency oscillation e index；
F, the metering of zero-crossing comparator 43 removes the pump light moment and detaches o light and e light with light beam splitter 41, difference remove with
Frequency of oscillation i.e. Larmor frequency, Larmor is obtained in the time difference between output deflection first zero crossing of angular amplitude of detection circuit 42
Frequency divided by gyromagnetic ratio obtain magnetic vector value.
As shown in Figure 1, the light that pump light source Distributed Feedback Laser 11 is sent out passes through optoisolator 12, optical attenuator 13, the polarizer
14, λ/4 wave plates 15, three axis Helmholtz coils 31, moist closet 33, atomic air chamber 32 are received and are converted by optical detector 16
Electric signal is fed back by adjusting Helmholtz coil current control remnant field intensity.What probe source Distributed Feedback Laser 21 was sent out
Light is by optoisolator 22, optical attenuator 23, the polarizer 24, three axis Helmholtz coils 31, moist closet 33, atomic air chamber 32,
It is received by light beam splitter 41 and detaches o light and e light, difference is removed and detection circuit 42 is converted output as electric signal, mistake
Zero comparator 43 captures its first zero crossing.Wherein moist closet 33 is made by non-magnetic material, and mode of heating is interruption electrical heating,
It avoids generating magnetic disturbance.
As shown in figure 3, remove pump light, polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment μ is in spatial movement process, to be tested weak magnetic
Field is axis precession, while amplitude decays in e index.
As shown in figure 4, based on macroscopic moment μ shown in Fig. 3, μ is projected in z-axiszThe process that changes with time is by transient state (oscillation
Process) stable state (magnitude 0) two parts composition, precession frequency shown in frequency of oscillation, that is, Fig. 3 is measured, quilt can be calculated according to formula 1
Survey magnetic vector value.The inverse that macroscopic moment attenuation process time constant is relaxation rate, the response of the method height are obtained by formula 4
Speed, high-precision；Since tested magnetic field and the straight correspondence parameter that measures are fixed physical constant, without fitting calibrating, actual measurement
Magnetic field data repeatability is high, and data updating rate is big, and it is small to solve high-altitude magnetic field magnitude, real-time fluctuations and cause to measure inaccurate
The problem of, suitable for aerospace detection mobile platform system.
Embodiment 1
The light that pump light source Distributed Feedback Laser a11 is sent out passes through optoisolator a12, optical attenuator a13, the polarizer 17, λ/4
Wave plate 18, three axis Helmholtz coils 31, moist closet 33, atomic air chamber 32 are received by optical detector 19 and are converted into feedback electricity
Signal is by adjusting three axis Helmholtz coils, 31 current control remnant field intensity.Probe source Distributed Feedback Laser a21 is sent out
Light passes through optoisolator a22, optical attenuator a23, the polarizer 27, three axis Helmholtz coils 31, moist closet 33, atomic air chamber
32, separation o light and e light are received by light beam splitter 41, difference is removed and detection circuit 42 is converted output as electric signal, mistake
Zero comparator 43 captures its first zero crossing.Wherein moist closet 33 is made by non-magnetic material, and mode of heating is interruption electrical heating,
It avoids generating magnetic disturbance.
Alkali metal atom selects cesium element (Cs), no natural isotope, and saturated vapor forces down, 28.44 DEG C of fusing point, boiling point
669.3 DEG C, D1 line frequencys are 335.12THz, and wavelength 894.6nm, D2 line frequency are 351.73THz, wavelength 852.3nm.
It is injected into volume 2.4cm*2.4cm*2.4cm, the atomic air chamber 32 of silica glass material, this material high temperature resistant, transparency
Height, chemical property are stablized, and are placed on internal diameter 7cm*7cm*7cm, thickness 2cm, in the moist closet 33 of polytetrafluoroethylene material, make
With temperature -190~250 DEG C, chemical property is stablized.The control of 32 temperature of atomic air chamber is added using interval Electric heating, i.e. interruption
Heat is sampled stopping heating interval.By temperature control in moist closet 33 in 80~190 DEG C of ranges, control accuracy ± 0.02
℃.Heat generating device forms PTC heating plates by non-magnetic material, and algorithm uses integral separating PID control.Moist closet was placed in for the three axis last of the twelve Earthly Branches
In the magnetic active compensation device that Mu Huozi coils 31 are formed, ensure that atomic air chamber 32 is under low-intensity magnetic field environment.
Pump light source use nanoplusDFB laser a11,25 DEG C, driving current 30mA, power 5mW of operating temperature, in
Frequency of heart resonates with alkali metal Cs atom D1 lines, and centre wavelength 895nm, the light sent out is through optoisolator a12, optical attenuator
A13, the wave plate 18 of the polarizer a17 and λ/4 generate that the freely adjustable circular polarization pumping of luminous powers is Light polarizing to be placed in three axis Hai Muhuo
Hereby coil 31 forms alkali metal Cs atom vapors in the atomic air chamber 32 of magnetic field active compensation device moist closet 33, generates macroscopical magnetic
Square.Transmitted light intensity is received by optical detector 19 and is converted into feedback electric signal by adjusting Helmholtz coil current control residue
Magnetic field intensity is less than 10nT.
Probe source is equally using nanoplusDFB laser b21, and 25 DEG C, driving current 40mA of operating temperature, shine work(
Rate 5mW, centre frequency resonate with alkali metal Cs atom D2 lines, and wavelength 852nm, the light sent out passes through optoisolator b22, light decay
Subtract the freely adjustable linear polarization detection light of device b23, the polarizer b27 generation luminous power and pass through 32 light vector plane of polarization of atomic air chamber
It rotates, angle amplitude is determined by macroscopic moment in z-axis direction projection.Transmitted light intensity is received point by light beam splitter 41
From o light and e light, difference is removed and detection circuit 42 is converted output as electric signal, and zero-crossing comparator 43 captures its first zero passage
Point.
Alkali metal Cs atoms issue raw energy level transition in pumping light action and generate macroscopic moment, in the sub- energy level of same Zeeman
Most of alkali metal Cs atoms generate macroscopic moment make Larmor precession, precession frequency under Weak magentic-field environment
ω=γ B (1)
Pumping, Larmor precession, three dynamic processes of relaxation can use Bloch equations table to macroscopic moment combined influence
Show：
The version for solving macroscopic moment is：
Pump light is removed, the version of macroscopic moment is：
μ0zIt is that macroscopic moment is pumping axial initial value, γeFor gyromagnetic ratio, ByFor Weak magentic-field value,For macroscopic view
The initial phase of magnetic moment, RsdRelaxation rate, R are destroyed for spinpFor pumping rate.The macroscopic moment forms of motion of formula (4) statement
As shown in figure 3, with Larmor frequency precession, amplitude is decayed with e index simultaneously, is expressed in the time domain that is projected in of z-axis such as Fig. 4 institutes
Show, with Larmor frequency oscillation, amplitude decays to zero with e index simultaneously, measures its frequency of oscillation γeByDivided by gyromagnetic ratio obtains
Magnetic vector value.
The present invention proposes a kind of new macroscopic moment motion state, measuring method and device, that is, measures its transient oscillation and decline
Subtract the frequency (Larmor frequency) of process.Since tested magnetic field and the straight correspondence parameter that measures are fixed physical constant, without
Fitting calibrating, actual measurement magnetic field data repeatability are high；Since damping time constant is small, system response frequency is high, data updating rate
Greatly；It is small that both features solve high-altitude magnetic field magnitude, real-time fluctuations and cause to measure the problem of inaccurate, visited suitable for aviation
Survey mobile platform.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of aviation magnetic vector detection device, which is characterized in that be included in three axis Helmholtz coil (31) centers and be equipped with
Moist closet (33), moist closet (33) is interior equipped with atomic air chamber (32), and Distributed Feedback Laser a (11) passes through screw thread and optical fiber a (14) connections
Optoisolator a (12), optical attenuator a (13) and collimator a (15), Distributed Feedback Laser a (11), optoisolator a (12), optical attenuation
The wave plate (18) of device a (13), collimator a (15), polarizer a (17), λ/4 and optical detector (19) are screwed in aluminium sheet
On；Distributed Feedback Laser b (21) passes through screw thread and optical fiber b (24) connection optoisolator b (22), optical attenuator b (23) and collimator b
(25), Distributed Feedback Laser b (21), optoisolator b (22), optical attenuator b (23), collimator b (25) and polarizer b (27) pass through
Screw is fixed on aluminium sheet；Light beam splitter (41), difference is removed and detection circuit (42) and zero-crossing comparator (43) pass through spiral shell
Silk is fixed on aluminium sheet, and difference is removed and detection circuit (42) and zero-crossing comparator (43) are connect by data line with computer (44)；
Light path (16) is pumped across the wave plate (18) of polarizer a (17), λ/4, three axis Helmholtz coils (31), moist closet (33) and atom
Gas chamber (32) is radiated on optical detector (19)；Light path (26) is detected across polarizer b (27), three axis Helmholtz coils
(31), moist closet (33), atomic air chamber (32) and light beam splitter (41) separation o light and e light, are removed and detection circuit through difference
(42) it measures deflection angular amplitude and gives calculating by first zero crossing that zero-crossing comparator (43) capture is removed after pump light
Machine (44).
2. aviation magnetic vector detection device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that polarizer a (17) hangs down with optical axis
Directly, the wave plate (18) of λ/4 with optical axis in angle of 45 degrees.
3. the detection method of aviation magnetic vector detection device described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
A, lasing frequency and the Distributed Feedback Laser a (11) of alkali metal atom D1 line frequencys resonance are as pump light source, the light sent out
The luminous power generated by the wave plate (18) of optoisolator a (12), optical attenuator a (13), polarizer a (14) and λ/4 can be adjusted freely
The Light polarizing alkali metal atom of pitch circle polarized pump makes alkali metal atom be in the sub- energy level of same Zeeman in the axial generation macroscopic view of pumping
Magnetic moment；
B, pump light intensity in transmission is converted into feedback electric signal by adjusting three axis Helmholtz coils by optical detector (19)
(31) electric current, control remnant field intensity are less than 10nT；
C, polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment be tested in y-axis direction under weak magnetic field action in xoz planes generate Larmor into
It is dynamic；
D, it is sent out using the lasing frequency Distributed Feedback Laser b (21) identical with alkali metal atom D2 line frequencys as detection light source
Light pass through optoisolator b (22), optical attenuator b (23), polarizer b (27) generate luminous power can freely regulated linear polarization examine
Light is surveyed, the atomic air chamber of magnetic field active compensation device inside holding room (33) is formed by being placed in three axis Helmholtz coils (31)
(32), polarization alkali metal atom generation macroscopic moment is poor along the sub- energy level cloth inning of the equivalent Zeeman of detection optical axis direction projection, causes
Different to detection left-right rotary circularly polarized light ingredient draws amplitude, the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light rotates；
E, when the alkali metal atom macroscopic moment movement that polarizes reaches stable state, pumping light laser is removed, polarize alkali metal atom
Macroscopic moment decays to zero with Larmor frequency oscillation e index；
F, zero-crossing comparator (43) metering removes the pump light moment and detach o light and e light with light beam splitter (41), difference except with
Frequency of oscillation i.e. Larmor frequency, Rameau is obtained in the time difference between detection circuit (42) output deflection first zero crossing of angular amplitude
That frequency divided by gyromagnetic ratio obtain magnetic vector value.
4. the detection method of aviation magnetic vector detection device described in accordance with the claim 3, which is characterized in that the polarization
The motion mode of alkali metal atom macroscopic moment, that is, remove pump light, and the equation of change of polarization alkali metal atom macroscopic moment is：Zero is decayed to Larmor frequency oscillation e index, in formula, μzFor horizontal axis macroscopic moment
Projection, μ0zThe initial value of projection for horizontal axis macroscopic moment, RsdRelaxation rate, γ are destroyed for spineFor gyromagnetic ratio, ByFor y-axis
Magnetic field intensity,Initial phase for macroscopic moment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610159977.7A CN105929458B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | Aviation magnetic vector detection device and monitoring method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610159977.7A CN105929458B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | Aviation magnetic vector detection device and monitoring method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105929458A CN105929458A (en) | 2016-09-07 |
| CN105929458B true CN105929458B (en) | 2018-06-15 |
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| CN106886000B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2019-07-02 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | It is a kind of to realize the stable device and method of magnetic field amplitude using nuclear magnetic resonance |
| CN106772134B (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2019-05-21 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | A kind of apparatus and method of automatic field compensation |
| CN106842074B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-07-02 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Three axial vector atom magnetometers and application method based on longitudinal magnetic field modulation |
| CN108267407A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-10 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Device and method for measuring transverse spin relaxation time of alkali metal atoms |
| CN108717168B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2020-12-18 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Scalar magnetic field gradient measuring device and method based on light field amplitude modulation |
| CN108508382B (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2020-12-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Three-dimensional gradient magnetic field measuring device based on SERF atomic spin effect |
| CN111060747A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-24 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | High-sensitivity nuclear spin precession detection method based on electron spin |
| CN112946541B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-12-28 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Alkali metal atomic spin all-optical control system and detection method |
| CN113466756B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2024-04-02 | 南方科技大学 | Magnetic field measurement method and atomic magnetometer system |
| CN113791370A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-12-14 | 北京量子信息科学研究院 | Magnetometer and magnetic field strength determination method |
| CN113687290B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 山西大学 | Calibration device and method for weak field of Hall magnetometer based on spin noise spectrum |
| CN115754845B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-09-01 | 之江实验室 | Atomic magnetometer space magnetic field imaging device and method based on vector light modulation |
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| CN104297702B (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2017-04-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Measurement method and device of Bell-Bloom self-modulation three-axis magnetic field |
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