CN105928979B - A kind of agitating friction welding hole hole measurement method and equipment - Google Patents
A kind of agitating friction welding hole hole measurement method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN105928979B CN105928979B CN201610526412.8A CN201610526412A CN105928979B CN 105928979 B CN105928979 B CN 105928979B CN 201610526412 A CN201610526412 A CN 201610526412A CN 105928979 B CN105928979 B CN 105928979B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/72—Investigating presence of flaws
Abstract
The invention belongs to Friction Stir Welding powder injection molding fields, specifically disclose a kind of agitating friction welding hole hole measurement method and equipment, and measuring device includes detection module and computing module interconnected；The image and temperature of actual welds are obtained by detection module, and passes through the temperature data of FEM calculation singular point, determine that hole whether there is by comparing the result of the two；The on-line checking of weld seam hole may be implemented in the present invention, determines the position where hole, and to modify welding scheme, butt welding slot apertures hole is controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agitating friction welding hole hole measurement method and equipment, are to utilize actual test more particularly
The method and apparatus that weld seam hole whether there is is determined with the method that FEM calculation combines.
Background technique
Hole is the not connected part in weld seam, will lead to property of welded joint decline or joint fails.Weld seam hole
Inspection generallys use ray film making method.For important welding point, the inspection of hole is indispensable.
The detection method of connector hole has offline inspection and two class of on-line checking at present.Offline inspection is welding point welding
Detected after completing, current most of detection methods are offline inspection, as surface can visual detection, Magnetic testing,
Liquid penetrant testing, EDDY CURRENT, internal ultrasound examination, ray detection etc..Offline inspection operating process is simple, however there is
The problem of welding process cannot find hole defect in time.On-line checking refers to that welding point completes hole in the case where hot
The detection of hole defect, the ray film making method or ultrasonic Detection Method being widely used at present are difficult to realize on-line checking.
The on-line testing method of welding hole is mainly to utilize the thermophysical property of metal material, according to it in heating or cold
But the slight change during detects hole, and being most widely used is spectroscopic methodology.Spectroscopic methodology is based on substance and spoke
It penetrates when can interact, transmitting that measurement is generated by the transition between quantized energy level occurs inside substance is absorbed or dissipated
Penetrate the wavelength and intensity and the method that carries out analysis detection of radiation.
After searching and discovering the prior art, the detection of existing welding point hole is based primarily upon characteristic light spectrometry, hole
The control method in hole mainly passes through engineer testing sampling analysis, carries out technique adjustment then to realize the control of hole.As in
State patent CN 102615423A (43) provides the inline diagnosis side that the galvanized steel laser based on characteristic spectrum adds powder welding defect
Method.The above invention can make accurate measurement to welding hole, but at high cost, or be non-online detection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, discloses a kind of agitating friction welding hole hole measurement method and sets
It is standby, it is analyzed using the calculating of infrared spectroscopy image and singular point cooling rate, overcomes the shortcomings of existing spectrum test method, and energy
Enough while measuring multiple spot hole.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that: a kind of measurement in agitating friction welding hole hole is set
It is standby, including detection module interconnected and computing module, it is characterised in that: the computing module includes: acquisition module, sample
This contrast module, finite element calculating unit and data processing module, detection module read the stirring-head edge cells center of test plate (panel)
Temperature and stirring-head edge cells cooling curve data will simultaneously export above- mentioned information to computing module after information sifting, calculate mould
Block obtains the Temperature Distribution cloud atlas of test plate (panel) tested point, cooling curve and carries out calculating comparison.
The detection module includes: infrared spectroscopy sensor, crossover sub, hole identification module, follow-up trolley and meter
Calculation machine, in which: infrared spectroscopy sensor is fixed on rear side of stirring-head, is connected to a computer by crossover sub；In computer
The hole identification module be used for void shape extraction and identification, follow-up trolley for realizing infrared spectroscopy sensor with
The synchronous walking of stirring-head；The infrared spectroscopy sensor realizes face of weld temperature and void shape using infra-red sepectrometry
Sensing, use temperature range be 400~650 DEG C.
The cooling curve of the test plate (panel) tested point obtains in the following manner: obtaining test plate (panel) by infrared spectroscopy sensor
Stirring-head edge cells central temperature, image pick-up card is connected with computer and acquires stirring-head in sample by translation interface
The shape image of edge cells and the Temperature Distribution and cooling data for obtaining tested point, acquisition module is for receiving sample tested point
Temperature Distribution and cooling data, image recording module record tested point Temperature Distribution and cooling data；It is welded in agitating friction
In, it whether there is hole on agitating friction test plate (panel) surface and near surface by calculating and determining with the comparison of ir data sample
Hole.
A kind of agitating friction welding hole hole measurement method obtains the image and Temperature Distribution of actual welds by detection module,
And the temperature data of singular point is calculated by finite element calculating unit, determine that hole whether there is by comparing the result of the two；
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1: infrared spectroscopy sensor is fixed on rear side of stirring-head, start while starting Friction Stir Welding
Infrared spectroscopy temperature measuring device, judges whether welding reaches stable state；After welding reaches stable state, starting acquisition mould
Block, image recording module, data processing module record the cooling temperature data of weld seam；
Step 2: using the temperature on rear side of the stirring-head that image recording module records as the initial temperature of FEM calculation
Degree establishes the cooling finite element model of weld seam；
Step 3: judging the position of singular point by recording obtained image data, and the reality for comparing singular point is cold
But temperature data and the cooling temperature data being calculated by finite element calculating unit, when singular point practical cooling data with
When the cooling data fit being calculated, then it is assumed that there are holes at this.
A kind of agitating friction welding hole hole measurement method, which comprises the following steps:
Test plate (panel) pretreatment: the first step fixes infrared spectroscopy sensor on rear side of stirring-head；The acquisition of infrared spectroscopy sensor
Information enters image pick-up card；Image pick-up card is connected by crossover sub with computer, and the center of infrared spectroscopy sensor is just
To the test plate (panel) position of stirring head edge；
Second step, edge cells central point temperature measurement: upper after infrared spectroscopy sensor to be placed in sample pretreatment
Orientation is set, and infrared spectroscopy sensor is connected with computer, and is opened examination of infrared spectrum module in a computer and (be equivalent to infrared
Spectrum sensor is started to work), it is then stirred friction welding (FW), measures the temperature of the stirring-head edge cells of sample, and is passed through
Edge cells central point temperature determines whether sample reaches stable welded condition；After specimen temperature reaches stable welded condition,
Start image recording module and data processing module；Image recording module record is passed in the sample of computer by image pick-up card
The shape image of stirring-head edge cells and the Temperature Distribution and cooling data for obtaining tested point；
Third step, data processing: acquisition module reads the Temperature Distribution and cooling data of sample sample tested point, and will count
According to being transmitted to data processing module and obtain practical cooling curve；Using on rear side of stirring-head the temperature data of welding region as limited
The initial temperature condition that member calculates, and using the temperature of ambient-temp-stable state as environment temperature；
4th step, characteristic parameter extraction: judging whether there is hole according to the cooling data of image data and singular point, tool
Body step are as follows:
1) it obtains image and carries out the identification of unusual dot shape in image, mark singular point position；
2) the cooling data of singular point are obtained, tracking obtains cooling velocity data；
3) by the comparison of cooling velocity, the feature of singular point is determined；
5th step obtains result: when the cooling velocity curve that the cooling velocity curve of singular point is simulated with sample meets, then
It is considered that the singular point is hole；The cooling velocity curve negotiating finite element calculating unit of sample simulation is calculated.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the benefit that other single spectrum test methods are for measuring hole
It is more difficult, and the present invention measures the cooling velocity of hole sample, reduces the erroneous judgement to hole.Institute through the invention
The weld seam hole real-time detecting system stated, may be implemented the on-line checking of weld seam hole, determines the position where hole, to repair
Change welding scheme, butt welding slot apertures hole is controlled.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1: weld seam hole on-line detecting system composition schematic diagram；
Attached drawing 2: hole decision flowchart.
Specific embodiment
Specific introduce is made to the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
According to Fig. 1, a kind of measuring device in agitating friction welding hole hole, including detection module interconnected and calculating mould
Block, it is characterised in that: the computing module includes: ir data sample, finite element calculating unit and data processing mould
Block, acquisition module, the stirring-head edge cells central temperature and edge cells cooling curve data that detection module reads test plate (panel) are simultaneously
Above- mentioned information will be exported to computing module after information sifting, computing module obtain the Temperature Distribution figure of tested point on sample,
Cooling curve simultaneously carries out calculating comparison.The stirring-head edge cells of test plate (panel) refer to that head edge is stirred on test plate (panel) to be contacted with each other with test plate (panel)
Position, since welding generates vibration, therefore micro fluctuation adjustment can occur for the position that contacts with each other, in stirring-head edge cells
Heart temperature refers to the temperature of the center for the whole region that the position to contact with each other in vibration is constituted.
The image and temperature information of infrared spectroscopy sensor acquisition are sent to image pick-up card, and image pick-up card is again by information
It is sent to image recording module, acquisition module, finite element calculating unit.
The detection module includes: infrared spectroscopy sensor 3, crossover sub 4, hole identification module, 6 and of follow-up trolley
Computer 7, in which: infrared spectroscopy sensor is fixed on rear side of stirring-head, is connected to a computer by crossover sub；Computer
In the hole identification module be used for void shape extraction and identification, follow-up trolley is for realizing examination of infrared spectrum instrument
The synchronous walking of (including: infrared spectroscopy sensor) and stirring-head；The infrared spectroscopy sensor is real using infra-red sepectrometry
The sensing of existing face of weld temperature and hole surface shape, use temperature range are 400~650 DEG C.
The cooling curve of the sample obtains in the following manner: for aluminium alloy test plate (panel), being sensed by infrared spectroscopy
Device obtains stirring-head edge cells central temperature on sample, and image pick-up card is connected with computer by translation interface and acquires examination
The Temperature Distribution and cooling data of the image of stirring-head edge cells and acquisition tested point on sample；In agitating friction weldering, pass through
Calculating and determining with master sample comparison whether there is hole on agitating friction test plate (panel) surface and near surface.
The crossover sub realizes the transmission of image.The follow-up trolley uses motor driven, and guarantee rubs with stirring
It is consistent to wipe weldering travel speed.
According to fig. 2, the specific steps of weld seam hole online test method are as follows:
(1) sample pretreatment.Infrared spectroscopy sensor is fixed on rear side of stirring-head；Connected by crossover sub and computer
It connects, the test plate (panel) position of the center face stirring head edge of infrared spectroscopy sensor, the size of examination of infrared spectrum instrument is Φ
12.7mm.Examination of infrared spectrum instrument includes infrared spectroscopy sensor.
(2) edge cells central point temperature measures.Upper position after infrared spectroscopy sensor to be placed in sample pretreatment
It sets, is connected with computer, and open acquisition module, data processing module in a computer, be then stirred friction welding, survey
Tested point (random point that tested point is the stirring-head edge cells of sample or test plate (panel)) temperature that head edge is stirred on sample is measured,
And determine whether sample reaches stable welded condition by edge cells central point temperature.After Friction Stir Welding starting, test plate (panel)
The region and near zone metal temperature being in contact with stirring-head are gradually increasing, and after 5s, test plate (panel) is in contact with stirring-head
The temperature in region reach 550 DEG C, and keep stable, sample frequency 50Hz.After specimen temperature reaches stable welded condition,
Start image recording module, finite element calculating unit.
(3) data acquire.Acquisition module 8 reads sample and passes through 20 milliseconds, 40 milliseconds, 60 millis respectively from temperature fall time is started
Second, the cooling velocity data at 80 milliseconds, 100 milliseconds moment, and practical cooling curve is obtained by data processing module 9.This is cold
But check sample of the speed data series as FEM calculation.Using on rear side of test plate (panel) the temperature data of welding region as limited
The initial temperature condition that member calculates.Using the temperature of ambient-temp-stable state as environment temperature.By data acquisition obtain sample with
The module that the cooling data of finite element model simulation compare is sample contrast module 10.
(4) characteristic parameter extraction.Adjust simulation cooling curve (such as attached drawing 2 that the undetermined parameter in finite element model obtains
It is shown) and step (3) in data acquisition obtain practical cooling curve between error be less than error it is permitted fault-tolerant
Range is (depending on measuring accuracy, such as 3%), it may be considered that it is hole that numerical value, which calculates assumed singular point,.
Measurement result such as table 1:
1 singular point cooling velocity of table is poor
Simulate cooling curve and actual measurement cooling curve maximum temperature error be 7.5 DEG C/s, middle-temperature error be 5.9 DEG C/
s。
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the replacement of several improvement and equivalent form can also be made, these improvement
The technical solution obtained with equivalent replacement also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of agitating friction welding hole hole measurement method, which is characterized in that by detection module obtain actual welds image with
Temperature Distribution, and by the temperature data of finite element calculating unit calculating singular point, hole is determined by comparing the result of the two
It whether there is；Specific step is as follows:
Step 1: infrared spectroscopy sensor is fixed on rear side of stirring-head, start while starting Friction Stir Welding infrared
Spectroscopic temperature tester, judges whether welding reaches stable state；After welding reaches stable state, starting acquisition module, figure
As logging modle, data processing module, the cooling temperature data of weld seam are recorded；
Step 2: using the temperature on rear side of the stirring-head that image recording module records as the initial temperature of FEM calculation,
Establish the cooling finite element model of weld seam；
Step 3: judging the position of singular point by recording obtained image data, and compare the practical cooling temperature of singular point
Degree evidence and the cooling temperature data being calculated by finite element calculating unit, when the practical cooling data and calculating of singular point
When obtained cooling data fit, then it is assumed that there are holes at this.
2. a kind of agitating friction welding hole hole measurement method, which comprises the following steps:
Test plate (panel) pretreatment: the first step fixes infrared spectroscopy sensor on rear side of stirring-head；The information of infrared spectroscopy sensor acquisition
Into image pick-up card；Image pick-up card is connected by crossover sub with computer, and the center face of infrared spectroscopy sensor is stirred
Mix the test plate (panel) position of head edge；
Second step, edge cells central point temperature measurement: the upper position after infrared spectroscopy sensor to be placed in sample pretreatment
It sets, infrared spectroscopy sensor is connected with computer, and opens examination of infrared spectrum module in a computer, is then stirred and rubs
Weldering is wiped, measures the temperature of the stirring-head edge cells of sample, and determine whether sample reaches by edge cells central point temperature
Stablize welded condition；After reaching stable welded condition, start image recording module and data processing module；Image recording module
Record is passed to the temperature of the shape image of stirring-head edge cells and acquisition tested point in the sample of computer by image pick-up card
Distribution and cooling data；
Third step, data processing: acquisition module reads the Temperature Distribution and cooling data of sample tested point, and data are transmitted to number
According to processing module and obtain practical cooling curve；Using on rear side of stirring-head the temperature data of welding region as FEM calculation
Initial temperature condition, and using the temperature of ambient-temp-stable state as environment temperature；
4th step, characteristic parameter extraction: judging whether there is hole according to the cooling data of image data and singular point, specific to walk
Suddenly are as follows:
1) it obtains image and carries out the identification of unusual dot shape in image, mark singular point position；
2) the cooling data of singular point are obtained, tracking obtains cooling velocity data；
3) by the comparison of cooling velocity, the feature of singular point is determined；
5th step obtains result: when the cooling velocity curve of the cooling velocity curve of singular point and sample simulation meets, then may be used
To think the singular point as hole；The cooling velocity curve negotiating finite element calculating unit of sample simulation is calculated.
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| CN109570729B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-11-13 | 湘潭大学 | Method for dynamically detecting quality of friction stir welding seam based on torque |
| CN114433996B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-02-03 | 山东大学 | Method and system for predicting hole defects in friction stir welding |
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