CN106770628A - A kind of magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means - Google Patents
A kind of magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means Download PDFInfo
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- CN106770628A CN106770628A CN201710068990.6A CN201710068990A CN106770628A CN 106770628 A CN106770628 A CN 106770628A CN 201710068990 A CN201710068990 A CN 201710068990A CN 106770628 A CN106770628 A CN 106770628A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
- G01N2021/8848—Polarisation of light
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
- G01N2021/8854—Grading and classifying of flaws
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
- G01N2021/8887—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges based on image processing techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means, the defects detection that it can be used for workpiece is for example for detecting the quality of mould casting, and detection is in the working condition using casting, described device includes direct current electrical interface, exchange electrical interface, controller, magnetic field generator, magneto-optic imaging sensor and computer；The magnetic field generator is electrically connected to direct current electrical interface and exchanges electrical interface by the controller；Direct current electrical interface, it accesses direct current to magnetic field generator；Exchange electrical interface, it gives magnetic field generator incoming transport electricity；Magnetic field generator, it gives the workpiece excitation according to the control signal of controller；Magneto-optic imaging sensor, the magneto optic images of its collection workpiece are simultaneously sent to the computer；And the distance of the magnetic pole that it also adjusts the magnetic field generator by draw-in groove and workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection field of workpiece, a kind of its especially magneto-optic imaging based on stationary magnetic field and alternating magnetic field
The cannot-harm-detection device, is applied particularly to the defects detection of workpiece for example for detecting the quality of mould casting, and detection makes
With the working condition of casting, not welding in minute scratch marks, depression, slag inclusion, crackle and welding process that it includes workpiece surface
Thoroughly, it is the defects detections such as fusion, burn-through, overlap, stomata, undercut, arc crater.
Background technology
Automobile, space flight and aviation, steamer etc. all use substantial amounts of metal casting, metallic article and our life breath manner of breathing
Close.Due to the influence of the various random factors such as condition of work is severe, workload is big and quality requirement is high, casting can not can be kept away
Can crack with exempting from, the defect such as stomata, slag inclusion.In order to ensure its product quality, it is necessary to detect defect in timely and efficient manner.
In actual production process, in addition to range estimation surface defect with forming defect, generally also need to be examined using Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement
Defect is surveyed, therefore a kind of effective defect lossless detection method has important practical significance.
It is concentrated mainly on following several method for the Non-Destructive Testing of defect both at home and abroad at present：(1) magnetic powder detection method, i.e.,
Uniformly it is covered with magnetic being detected on workpiece, measured workpiece workpiece, defect can produce the irregular magnetic line of force after magnetization, these lack
Falling into will be shown by the distribution of magnetic.Magnetic testing is generally used for the inspection on the surface and near surface flaw of ferromagnetic workpiece
Survey, its cost is relatively low, sensitivity is higher and to the requirement of measured workpiece amorphism.But measured workpiece requirement must be paramagnetism
Material, before detection, it is necessary to first process workpiece surface, to ensure that workpiece surface is smooth, it is ensured that will not be because of surface not
Flat or scar and influence the distribution of the magnetic line of force, influence testing result.(2) penetrant detecting method, its principle is based on liquid
Capillarity, is the lossless detection method for detecting workpiece surface flaws, specifically includes two methods of fluorescence and coloring.It is glimmering
The principle of light detection is to immerse in fluorescent liquid measured workpiece, because of capillarity, fluorescent liquid has been filled inside defect.Remove
Surface liquid, because photoelectric effect fluorescent liquid is under ultraviolet irradiation, sends visible ray and manifests defect.The original of coloration detection
Reason is similar with fluoroscopic examination, and it does not need Special Equipment, and simply will adsorb the coloring liquid in defect with toner suctions out workpiece
Surface and manifest defect.The method sensitivity when workpiece surface open-delta winding is detected is high, to surface moisture or in the presence of painting
The judgement of the sample of layer, meeting extreme influence Detection results, and the method is heavily dependent on the experience of detection person.(3)
Ray detection method, is have certain attenuation law during passing through testee using ray (x-ray, gamma-rays etc.),
A kind of method of inside workpiece defect is detected according to the transmitted intensity after each position of workpiece is decayed.Different objects its decay
Degree is different, and the degree of decay is determined by the thickness of object, the species of the material category of object and ray.Ray detection master
It is used to detect workpiece internal volume type defect, and the thickness of workpiece is difficult more than 80mm, can be according to the decay system of material
Number does corresponding thickening or thinning.The method testing cost is high, and testing equipment is larger, the ray Radiation On Human body injury of generation
Greatly, the detection sensitivity to micro-crack defect is relatively low.(4) ultrasonic detection method, its principle is tested using ultrasonic wave
When being propagated in workpiece, can be influenceed by measured workpiece material acoustics characteristic and the change of its interior tissue, by the shadow of ultrasonic wave
Degree and status analysis are rung to detect the change of material property and structure.The detection efficiency of the detection method is higher, and
Cost is relatively low, but relative other detection methods, and the requirement to operating personnel is higher.The method is for distinguishing different types of defect
There is certain difficulty, its maximum shortcoming is exactly to need couplant when detecting.(5) eddy current detection method, its Cleaning Principle is base
In electromagnetic induction phenomenon, the magnetic field of change produces vortex in conductor workpiece, if within the workpiece existing defects, be mingled with, conductance
When rate change or structure change, the flowing of vortex can be influenceed so that superposition magnetic field changes, and the change according to magnetic field can be sentenced
The defect of disconnected workpiece.The method have detection efficiency it is high, suitable for on-line checking, excellent without couplant and non-contact detecting etc.
Point, and it is higher to the sensitivity of near surface or surface defect.But it is only suitable for the detection of conductive material surface and near surface,
It is difficult to judge species, the shapes and sizes of defect.(6) other detection methods.It is by body surface such as laser hologram Non-Destructive Testing
With internal defect, by the method for extraneous loading, it is caused local deformation in corresponding body surface, use holographic
To observe and compare this deformation, and the deformation of body surface under the effect of different extraneous loads is recorded, observed
And analysis, then judgment object inside is with the presence or absence of defect.Acoustic emission testing technology, be object under extraneous conditioning, lack
Fall into or object abnormal position stress is concentrated and is deformed or is broken, and strain energy is discharged in elastic wave form, use instrument
Detect and analyze acoustic emission signal and determine the technology of acoustic emission source.Infrared detection technology, can be constant by one in detection
Hot-fluid injection workpiece, if existing defects in workpiece, because defect area is different from the thermal diffusion coefficient of nondefective zone, then
The Temperature Distribution of workpiece surface will be variant, and the internal defective surface temperature from corresponding to nondefective zone is just different, thus
The infrared waves (heat radiation) for being sent is also just different, with response infrared ripple and can be converted into corresponding big using Infrared Detectors
The function of small electric signal, point by point scanning workpiece surface is obtained with the distribution situation of workpiece surface temperature, so as to find workpiece
Surface temperature abnormal area, determines the position of inside workpiece defect.
To sum up analysis understands that lossless detection method used above has it not enough.Magnetic testing is limited to ferrimagnet,
And have strict demand to workpiece surface；Liquid penetrant testing is limited to Surface-breaking defect；Ray detection testing cost is high, testing equipment compared with
Greatly, the ray Radiation On Human body injury of generation is very big；Requirement of the ultrasound examination to operating personnel is higher, distinguishes different types of
Defect has certain difficulty and needs couplant；EDDY CURRENT is only suitable for the detection of conductive material surface and near surface, and is difficult to
Judge species, the shapes and sizes of workpiece, defect；The defect that laser hologram Non-Destructive Testing depends on interior of articles is used in outer masterpiece
The corresponding deformation of body surface can be caused down；Acoustic emission testing technology due to the intensity of acoustic emission signal it is general very weak, it is necessary to
Could be detected by sensitive electronic instrument；Infrared detection technology mainly measures workpiece surface Warm status, not can determine that in workpiece
The Warm status in portion, it is expensive compared with other detecting instruments or routine monitoring equipment.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned existing workpiece, defect detection technique, there is provided one kind detection essence
The side of magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection under high, reliable, easy to use, the free of contamination constant and low-frequency alternating electromagnet excitation of degree
Method.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of based under DC electromagnet or low-frequency alternating electromagnet excitation
The lossless detection method of magneto-optic imaging.DC electromagnet or low-frequency alternating electromagnet carry out excitation to weld seam or workpiece, make work
Stray field at part and tiny flaw is different, and then magneto-optic imaging sensor can collect the magneto-optic figure comprising defect information
Picture.The magneto optic images of weld seam and workpiece are fed back into computer, then application image treatment realizes defect to whole piece weldquality
The new technology of detection.Magneto-optic imaging sensor produces magneto-optic effect in the presence of the magnetic field, the polarised light in sensor is existed
The different anglecs of rotation are produced during by magneto-optic sensor information, the light of defect Distribution of Magnetic Field information is contained through polarization spectroscope
Received and real time imagery by charge-coupled image sensor after reflection.Computer control gathers defect the magneto optic images and carries out defect image
Identification and the calculating of defective locations.
The present invention carries out excitation with electromagnet to workpiece.Stationary magnetic field is realized to electromagnetism Tie Tong direct current or low frequency ac
With the conversion of low frequency alternating magnetic field.And the defective place of measured workpiece and be distorted without fault location and cause the change of magnetic conductivity
Change.Because the magnetic conductivity of different defect kind and workpiece is different, and fault location occurs leakage field.And it is installed in sensor
Under magnetic field generator produce induced field, and then magnetic field is induced on workpiece, if in the presence of defective, its magnetic line of force can be received
To influence, will be distorted in fault location, the magnetic line of force of this distortion will produce the magnetic field of distortion, and cause the perpendicular magnetic at this
Field distribution changes.
Magneto-optic imaging sensor produces magneto-optic effect in the presence of the magnetic field, makes the polarised light in magneto-optic imaging sensor
The different anglecs of rotation are produced when by magneto-optic sensor information, the light of defect Distribution of Magnetic Field information is contained through polarization spectro
Received and real time imagery by charge-coupled image sensor after mirror reflection, generate magneto-optic defect image.
Defect the magneto optic images are transferred to computer control by above-mentioned magneto-optic imaging sensor, and computer control is to defect
Image processed, recognize and the position of defect calculates, and realizes the real-time accurate detection to defect.
Compared with existing magneto-optic image defects detection technique, the technical solution adopted by the present invention has following beneficial effects：
1) present invention uses DC electromagnet and low-frequency alternating electromagnet technology, and excitation unit does not need large volume coil,
Detection means can be realized integrated, possess small volume, the advantage of light weight.
2) magnetic field generator can produce stationary magnetic field, and induce distorted magnetic field in measured workpiece fault location, can make
Defect information can be observed intuitively from the magneto optic images in detection process.Workpiece, defect is generated by magneto-optic imaging sensor simultaneously
Image, computer control realizes workpiece, defect image recognition and the calculating of workpiece, defect position.
3) magnetic field generator can produce low frequency alternating magnetic field, and induce distorted magnetic field in measured workpiece fault location.No
With excitation frequency under, magneto-optical sensor can collect different magnetic induction intensity under a cycle under defect stray field point
Cloth situation.Can be believed with the clearer shape for obtaining defect, size, distributing position etc. by the contrast of different the magneto optic images
Breath.
4) the method can realize the Non-contact nondestructive detection of metal works workpiece, defect, and not only accuracy of detection is high, Er Qieyun
Row is safe and reliable, easy to use, pollution-free.Due to the cooperation of excitation unit, magneto-optic imaging sensor can obtain clearer lacking
The information of falling into so that computer control can obtain the tiny flaw situation of detected position workpiece, imaging is clearer, automatically
Change degree is high, and detection speed is fast.
5) gap that the method is realized between workpiece and magnetic pole by draw-in groove is adjustable.Due to stationary magnetic field and alternating magnetic field pair
Workpiece is different with the clearance requirement of magnetic pole, and the present apparatus has added draw-in groove, and the magnetic pole of electromagnet is movable, can adjust magnetic pole and obtain
Specified gap is obtained, draw-in groove fixed magnetic pole is then used, so as to obtain good Detection results.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is equipment bay structure distribution figure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is equipment interface distribution map of the invention；
Fig. 3 is equipment bay structure distribution structured flowchart of the invention；
Fig. 4 is equipment interface distributed architecture block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 5 is outward appearance block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 6 is outside drawing of the invention；
Fig. 7 is job control figure of the invention.
Each numbering implication in figure：1- handles, 2- output data interfaces, 3- control unit interfaces, 4- direct current electrical interfaces, 5- exchanges
Electrical interface, 6- draw-in grooves, 7- wheels, 8- magnetic poles, 9- magneto-optical sensors.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention has used Faraday magnetooptical effect principle：When a branch of polarised light passes through medium, if in beam propagation side
To in the presence of an external magnetic field, then this polarised light will be deflected by plane of polarization, and deflection angle depends on magnetic field intensity.
Present invention application magneto-optic imaging technique, electromagnet is encouraged by magnetic field generator with constant current or alternating current
Magnetic field is induced on workpiece, and being distributed at workpiece, defect for magnetic field will be distorted, and cause the vertical magnetic field at this
Component changes, and correspondingly changes induced field.Magneto-optic imaging sensor produces magneto-optic effect in the presence of the magnetic field, makes
Polarised light in magneto-optic imaging sensor produces the different anglecs of rotation when by magneto-optic sensor information, contains workpiece, defect
Magnetic Field light through polarization spectroscope reflect after by charge-coupled image sensor receive and real time imagery.
As illustrated, the present invention is a kind of workpiece, defect magneto-optic imaging nondestructive inspection method, including electromagnet and magneto-optic into
As sensor.Non-Destructive Testing is realized in magneto-optic imaging under stationary magnetic field excitation and low frequency alternating magnetic field excitation can be carried out.Sensor
Workpiece is placed in lower section, and send instruction startup magnetic field generator by computer control produces magnetic field at workpiece.The magneto-optic
Imaging sensor major part includes LASER Light Source, the polarizer, cmos sensor, analyzer and magneto-optic chip.Magneto-optic imaging is passed
Sensor belongs to non-contact measurement, and imaging is directly perceived, good reliability, certainty of measurement is high, low in energy consumption and the rate of information throughput is high.
In the top of workpiece surface while the work of magneto-optic imaging sensor, the workpiece of workpiece is caused by precise control magnetic field generator
Induced field is produced near defect, because workpiece, defect is present, induced field has its special change near weld seam.Work as polarization
Parallel light rotates a certain angle after induced field reflects, then can pointedly be realized by analyzer postrotational inclined
Shake light by or cut-off, finally obtained by cmos camera and be imaged, the image of gained is to contain workpiece, defect information
The magneto optic images.
The work of whole workpiece, defect magneto-optic imaging non-destructive is controlled by computer control system.Controller first
Control magnetic field generator goes out to produce stationary magnetic field or the low frequency alternating magnetic field of prescribed level in magnetic pole, concurrently sets magneto-optic biography
The sample frequency of sensor, synchronous coordination magneto-optic imaging sensor collection workpiece the magneto optic images, and the magneto optic images input that will be obtained
To computer control.Then workpiece, defect image is processed by corresponding image recognition algorithm, obtains workpiece, defect
Type and position, realize the real-time detection of workpiece, defect.Workpiece can be detected with hand-held handle, it is also possible to which computer control sets
Movement velocity realizes automatic detection.Significantly improve the real-time of system and the automaticity of observation and control technology.The control for being used
System processed can automatically correct measurement error, improve the accuracy of detection of workpiece, defect.
The operation principle of system：When measuring workpiece, defect with the present apparatus and method, the present apparatus is placed on workpiece and caused
Magneto-optic imaging sensor chip aligns workpiece surface.Computer control control magnetic field generator produces magnetic field, synchronous coordination magnetic
Photoimaging sensor gathers the magneto optic images of workpiece, defect, and workpiece, defect the magneto optic images are delivered into computer control, by
Computer control realizes that the image procossing of workpiece, defect, workpiece, defect position are calculated and defect type of workpiece identification.Sensor
Show the information such as workpiece, defect image, classification, the size of real-time detection.Due to computer control fast operation and image
The development for the treatment of technology, it is possible to achieve the real-time detection of workpiece, defect.
In the case where spirit of the invention or necessary characteristic is not departed from, the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms.Should
The specific embodiment each side is considered merely as illustrative and non-limiting.Therefore, scope of the invention such as appended claims
It is shown in scope rather than shown as indicated above.It is all fall change in the equivalent meaning and scope of claim should be regarded as
Fall in the category of claim.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means, it is used to carry out Non-Destructive Testing to workpiece, it is characterised in that described device bag
Include：
Direct current electrical interface, exchange electrical interface, controller, magnetic field generator, magneto-optic imaging sensor and computer；
The magnetic field generator is electrically connected to direct current electrical interface and exchanges electrical interface by the controller；
Direct current electrical interface, it accesses direct current to magnetic field generator；
Exchange electrical interface, it gives magnetic field generator incoming transport electricity；
Magnetic field generator, it gives the workpiece excitation according to the control signal of controller；
Magneto-optic imaging sensor, the magneto optic images of its collection workpiece are simultaneously sent to the computer.
2. magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The direct current electrical interface provides voltage swing adjustable direct current for the magnetic field generator, magnetic field generator is produced magnetic
Field intensity stationary magnetic field of different sizes.
3. magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The exchange electrical interface will provide voltage swing and the adjustable alternating current of frequency to the magnetic field generator, make electromagnetism ferromagnetic
Pole produces frequency and magnetic field size adjustable alternating magnetic field simultaneously.
4. magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The magnetic field generator produces adjustable stationary magnetic field and low frequency alternating magnetic field under the control of the controller, to lack
Fall into place and obtain stray field.
5. magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
The magneto-optic imaging sensor produces magneto-optic effect in the presence of the stray field, makes inclined in magneto-optic imaging sensor
The light that shakes produces the different anglecs of rotation when by magneto-optic sensor information, contains the light of workpiece, defect Magnetic Field through polarization
Received and to magnetic field distribution real time imagery by the charge-coupled image sensor of the magneto-optic imaging sensor after dichroic mirror, it is raw
Into the magneto optic images of workpiece, defect.
6. according to the magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means that one of right 1-5 is described, it is characterised in that
It also includes draw-in groove, and the draw-in groove is used to limit the position of magnetic field generator so that it keeps one adjustable between workpiece
The gap of section.
7. magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The computer receives the magneto optic images of the workpiece, defect that the magneto-optic imaging sensor is obtained, and according to the magneto-optic figure
As carrying out contrast treatment with the model that prestores in computer, the automatic Classification and Identification to workpiece, defect is realized.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106990115A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-07-28 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of dual sensor weld seam nondestructive detection system |
| CN107389783A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-24 | 安徽康力节能电器科技有限公司 | A kind of hand-held the cannot-harm-detection device |
| CN107831211A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-03-23 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of method and device of metal weldment defects detection |
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| CN110514734A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-29 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of resultant field magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection system and method |
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