CN210626394U - Nondestructive testing system for magneto-optical imaging of composite magnetic field - Google Patents
Nondestructive testing system for magneto-optical imaging of composite magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive testing system; the system comprises: the device comprises a two-dimensional motion platform, a constant magnetic field source, an alternating magnetic field source, a magneto-optical sensor, an alternating current power supply and a direct current power supply and a processor; the constant magnetic field source is arranged above the two-dimensional motion platform, and a workpiece to be detected can be placed between the constant magnetic field source and the two-dimensional motion platform; the two-dimensional motion platform is used for placing a workpiece to be detected and can drive the workpiece to be detected to perform two-dimensional motion along a horizontal plane; the alternating magnetic field source is arranged on the outer side of the constant magnetic field source and is connected with the alternating current and direct current power supply; the magneto-optical sensor is arranged in the magnetic field range of the constant magnetic field source; the magneto-optical sensor is connected to the processor. The utility model discloses a invariable magnetic field source and alternating magnetic field source produce the technique of hybrid excitation, improve nondestructive test's identification precision.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a nondestructive defect detects the field, more specifically relates to a compound magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive test system.
Background
Metal castings are widely used in the fields of automobile manufacturing, aerospace, machine tool machining and the like, and the metal products are closely related to our lives. Due to the difficult control of the processing technology, the bad working conditions, the high quality requirement and the influence of various random interference factors, the casting inevitably has the defects of sand holes, pinholes, slag inclusion and the like. In the welding process, due to factors such as severe welding environment and machine fatigue, the defects such as cracks, air holes, solid inclusions, incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration and the like are easy to occur in the welding process. In order to ensure the product quality, the defects must be detected timely and effectively. In the actual production process, besides visual inspection of surface defects and molding defects, nondestructive detection technology is usually adopted to detect the defects, so that an effective defect nondestructive detection system has important practical significance.
At present, nondestructive testing for defects at home and abroad mainly focuses on the following methods: (1) the magnetic powder detection method is only limited to magnetic conductive materials, and the surface of a workpiece to be detected needs to be cleaned and demagnetized for multiple times before detection, so that the surface is ensured to be smooth, and the distribution of magnetic lines of force is not influenced. Then the magnetic powder is uniformly distributed on the surface, and after magnetization, the defects of the workpiece to be detected can generate irregular magnetic lines, and the defects can be shown through the distribution of the magnetic powder. Magnetic powder detection is generally used for detecting defects on the surface and near the surface of a ferromagnetic workpiece, and has the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity and no shape requirement on the workpiece to be detected. The magnetic particle detection method has complicated procedures and is not suitable for online detection or thicker workpieces. (2) The penetration detection method is a nondestructive detection method for detecting the opening defects on the surface of a workpiece based on the capillary action of liquid, and specifically comprises two methods, namely fluorescence and coloring. The principle of fluorescence detection is that a workpiece to be detected is immersed in a fluorescent liquid, and the inside of a defect is filled with the fluorescent liquid due to a capillary phenomenon. When the surface liquid is removed, the fluorescent liquid emits visible light and develops defects due to the photoelectric effect under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays. The coloring detection principle is similar to that of fluorescent detection, and it needs no special equipment, and only uses developing powder to suck the coloring liquid adsorbed in the defect out of the surface of the workpiece to show the defect. The method has extremely high sensitivity when detecting the opening cracks on the surface of the workpiece, can greatly influence the detection effect on a sample with a moist surface or a coating, and the judgment of the method depends on the experience of an inspector to a great extent. (3) The ray detection method is a method for detecting internal defects of a workpiece according to the intensity of rays attenuated by each part of the workpiece by utilizing a certain attenuation rule of the rays (x rays, gamma rays and the like) in the process of passing through a measured object. The attenuation level of different objects is determined by the thickness of the object, the type of material of the object and the type of radiation. The ray detection is mainly used for detecting the internal volume type defects of the workpiece, the thickness of the workpiece is not easy to exceed 80mm, and the workpiece can be thickened or thinned correspondingly according to the attenuation coefficient of the material. The method has the advantages of high detection cost, large detection equipment, great damage to a human body by the generated ray radiation and low detection sensitivity to the microcrack defect. (4) The principle of the ultrasonic detection method is that when ultrasonic waves propagate in a detected workpiece, the ultrasonic waves are influenced by the acoustic characteristics of the material of the detected workpiece and the change of the internal tissue of the detected workpiece, and the change of the material performance and the structure is detected through the influence degree and condition analysis of the ultrasonic waves. The detection method has high detection efficiency and low cost, but has higher requirement on operators compared with other detection methods. The method has certain difficulty in distinguishing different types of defects, and the biggest defect is that a couplant is needed during detection. (5) The eddy current detection method is based on the electromagnetic induction phenomenon, eddy current is generated in a conductor workpiece by a changed magnetic field, and if defects, impurities, conductivity change or structural change exist in the workpiece, the flow of the eddy current is influenced, so that a superposed magnetic field changes, and the defects of the workpiece can be judged according to the change of the magnetic field. The method has the advantages of high detection efficiency, suitability for online detection, no need of a coupling agent, non-contact detection and the like, and has higher sensitivity to near-surface or surface defects. But the method is only suitable for detecting the surface and the near surface of the conductive material, and the type, the shape and the size of the defect are difficult to judge. (6) Magneto-optical imaging nondestructive detection method for constant magnetic field and alternating magnetic field. The two methods are to utilize Faraday magneto-optical effect to respectively use permanent magnet and low frequency alternating current to realize a constant magnetic field and a low frequency alternating magnetic field, a workpiece is in an induction magnetic field, if the workpiece has defects, magnetic lines of force can be deformed to appear, the deformed magnetic lines of force can generate a distorted magnetic field and cause the distribution of a vertical magnetic field at the position to change, a magneto-optical sensor can convert the vertical magnetic field into magneto-optical images, and the defects of the workpiece are analyzed and converted into analysis magneto-optical images. (7) Other detection methods. For example, laser holographic nondestructive testing is to make the surface and internal defects of an object locally deform on the corresponding object surface by an external loading method, observe and compare the deformation by holography, record the deformation conditions of the object surface under different external loads, observe and analyze the deformation conditions, and then judge whether the internal defects exist in the object. The acoustic emission detection technology is a technology that under the action of external conditions, the defect or abnormal part of the object is deformed or broken due to stress concentration, strain energy is released in the form of elastic waves, and an acoustic emission signal is detected and analyzed by an instrument and an acoustic emission source is determined. The infrared detection technology can inject a constant heat flow into a workpiece during detection, if the workpiece has defects, because the thermal diffusion coefficients of a defective area and a non-defective area are different, the temperature distribution on the surface of the workpiece is different, the surface temperatures corresponding to the internal defective area and the non-defective area are different, so that the emitted infrared light waves (thermal radiation) are different, and the distribution condition of the surface temperature of the workpiece can be obtained by scanning the surface of the workpiece point by utilizing the function that an infrared detector can respond to the infrared light waves and convert the infrared light waves into electric signals with corresponding sizes, so that the abnormal area of the surface temperature of the workpiece is found, and the position of the internal defects of the workpiece is determined.
The disadvantages of the above detection techniques: the magnetic powder detection is limited to ferromagnetic materials and has strict requirements on the surface of a workpiece; penetration detection is limited to surface opening defects; the detection cost of ray detection is high, the detection equipment is large, and the generated ray radiation has great harm to human bodies; the ultrasonic detection has higher requirements on operators, has certain difficulty in distinguishing different types of defects and needs a coupling agent; the eddy current inspection is only suitable for the inspection of the surface and the near surface of the conductive material, and the type, the shape and the size of the workpiece defect are difficult to judge; the laser holographic nondestructive detection depends on whether the corresponding deformation of the surface of an object can be caused by the internal defect of the object under the action of external force; in the acoustic emission detection technology, because the intensity of an acoustic emission signal is generally weak, the detection can be realized only by a sensitive electronic instrument; the existing magneto-optical image under a fixed magnetic field is easy to saturate and cannot detect deeper defects, and the existing alternating magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive detection method is difficult to accurately detect the tiny defects in the workpiece; the infrared detection technology mainly measures the surface thermal state of the workpiece, cannot determine the internal thermal state of the workpiece, and is expensive compared with other detection instruments or conventional monitoring equipment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses an overcome above-mentioned prior art nondestructive test's the not enough defect of identification precision, provide a composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive test system.
The utility model discloses a provide new nondestructive test system based on prior art, according to the difficult problem that detects of small defect under the easy saturation of magneto-optical image under the definite magnetic field and the alternating magnetic field, provide magneto-optical imaging nondestructive test technique under the complex magnetic field, solve prior art not enough, improve nondestructive test scope and discernment precision. The composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive testing technology is used for directly converting welding defects into images for processing, and has the advantages of high identification precision, high visualization degree and wide application prospect in nondestructive testing.
The system comprises: the device comprises a two-dimensional motion platform, a constant magnetic field source, an alternating magnetic field source, a magneto-optical sensor, an alternating current power supply and a direct current power supply and a processor;
the constant magnetic field source is arranged above the two-dimensional motion platform, and a workpiece to be detected can be placed between the constant magnetic field source and the two-dimensional motion platform;
the two-dimensional motion platform is used for placing a workpiece to be detected and can drive the workpiece to be detected to perform two-dimensional motion along a horizontal plane; the two-dimensional motion platform is a platform for placing workpieces, and can realize that the platform performs two-dimensional motion on a horizontal plane, for example: a cross slide, etc.
The alternating magnetic field source is arranged on the outer side of the constant magnetic field source and is connected with the alternating current and direct current power supply;
the magneto-optical sensor is arranged in the magnetic field range of the constant magnetic field source; the magneto-optical sensor is connected to the processor.
The magneto-optical sensor converts the magnetic field information into a magneto-optical image and transmits the magneto-optical image to the processor; and the processor processes the magneto-optical image to realize nondestructive detection.
Preferably, the structure of the constant magnetic field source is a U-shaped structure; the opening of the U-shaped mechanism of the constant magnetic field source faces downwards, and the magneto-optical sensor is arranged in the opening of the U-shaped opening end of the constant magnetic field source.
Preferably, the constant magnetic field source is a permanent magnet.
Preferably, the alternating magnetic field source is of a U-shaped structure and is arranged outside the U-shaped structure of the constant magnetic field source, so that the U-shaped structure of the constant magnetic field source is overlapped with the U-shaped structure of the alternating magnetic field source, and the two structures are positioned in the same vertical plane; the outer side of the U-shaped structure of the constant magnetic field source is close to the inner side of the U-shaped structure of the alternating magnetic field source, the inner side of the U-shaped structure is the inner side of the U-shaped opening, and the back of the U-shaped structure is the outer side.
Preferably, the alternating magnetic field source is formed by winding a silicon steel sheet and a copper wire; two ends of the copper wire are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the alternating current and direct current power supply.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses technical scheme's beneficial effect is:
(1) the utility model discloses nondestructive test's identification accuracy can be improved.
(2) The utility model discloses a technology that invariable magnetic field source and alternating magnetic field source carry out the hybrid excitation, and excitation device does not need the bulky coil, and detection device can realize integrating, possess the advantage that small, the quality is light.
(3) The composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive testing technology solves the problems that magneto-optical images are easy to saturate and are difficult to detect deeper defects under a constant magnetic field.
(4) The composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive testing technology solves the problems of difficult detection of tiny defects and skin effect under an alternating magnetic field.
(5) The device safety is high, the operation is simple, the size is small, the energy consumption is low, the adaptability is strong, and the detection precision is high.
(6) The utility model discloses visual degree is high, and application prospect is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the nondestructive testing system of composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging in embodiment 1.
In the figure, 1-a two-dimensional motion platform, 2-a constant magnetic field source, 3-an alternating magnetic field source, 4-a magneto-optical sensor, 5-an alternating current and direct current power supply, 6-a processor and 7-a workpiece to be detected.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a nondestructive testing system with composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes: the device comprises a two-dimensional motion platform 1, a constant magnetic field source 2, an alternating magnetic field source 3, a magneto-optical sensor 4, an alternating current and direct current power supply 5 and a processor 6;
the constant magnetic field source 2 is arranged above the two-dimensional motion platform 1, and a workpiece 7 to be detected can be placed between the constant magnetic field source 2 and the two-dimensional motion platform 1;
the two-dimensional motion platform 1 is used for placing a workpiece 7 to be detected and can drive the workpiece 7 to be detected to perform two-dimensional motion along a horizontal plane;
the alternating magnetic field source 3 is arranged on the outer side of the constant magnetic field source 2, and the alternating magnetic field source 3 is connected with an alternating current and direct current power supply 5; the alternating current and direct current power supply 5 can convert 220V alternating current into alternating current and direct current under a certain voltage for output, the output power supply is connected to the alternating magnetic field source 3 to generate a composite magnetic field, the composite magnetic field excites the workpiece 7 to be detected, and the magneto-optical sensor 4 converts the leakage magnetic field information into magneto-optical images and transmits the magneto-optical images to the processor 6.
The magneto-optical sensor 4 is arranged in the magnetic field range of the constant magnetic field source 2; the magneto-optical sensor 4 is connected to the processor 6.
The magneto-optical sensor 4 changes the magnetic field information into a magneto-optical image and transmits the magneto-optical image to the processor 6; the processor 6 processes the magneto-optical image to realize nondestructive detection.
The structure of the constant magnetic field source 2 is a U-shaped structure; the opening of the U-shaped mechanism of the constant magnetic field source 2 faces downwards, and the magneto-optical sensor 4 is arranged in the opening of the U-shaped opening end of the constant magnetic field source 2.
The alternating magnetic field source 3 is of a U-shaped structure and is arranged outside the U-shaped structure of the constant magnetic field source 2, so that the U-shaped structure of the constant magnetic field source 2 is overlapped with the U-shaped structure of the alternating magnetic field source 3, and the two structures are positioned in the same vertical plane; the outer side of the U-shaped structure of the constant magnetic field source 2 is close to the inner side of the U-shaped structure of the alternating magnetic field source 3, the U-shaped structure is the inner side of the U-shaped opening, and the back of the U-shaped structure is the outer side.
The alternating magnetic field source 3 is formed by winding a silicon steel sheet and a copper wire; the two ends of the copper wire are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the alternating current and direct current power supply 5, and the connection modes of the copper wire and the anode and the cathode of the alternating current and direct current power supply 5 are different, so that the polarities of the magnetic fields generated by the alternating magnetic field source 3 are different.
In the embodiment, a constant magnetic field source 2 and an alternating magnetic field source 3 are combined to generate a composite magnetic field, wherein the composite magnetic field is a magnetic field formed by the combined action of the alternating magnetic field and the constant magnetic field, the alternating magnetic field source 3 is made of silicon steel sheets and copper wires, power supplies with different frequencies are connected in a circuit, the constant magnetic field source can be an electromagnet and can generate a magnetic field with corresponding frequency, and the constant magnetic field source 2 can be replaced by a U-shaped permanent magnet or an electromagnet; the single magnetic field is a magnetic field formed by a single excitation mode, namely the magnetic field is generated by a magnetic field source. The magneto-optical images formed under the excitation of the two magnetic fields are both light intensity images reflecting the characteristics of the test piece, and the difference is the difficulty of post image processing of the formed magneto-optical images and the accuracy of the characteristics of the test piece, such as the magneto-optical image formed under the excitation of a single alternating current magnetic field.
The magneto-optical imaging technology of the embodiment is based on electromagnetism, a faraday magneto-optical rotation effect and a Malus law, and utilizes the principle that a polarization plane rotates after linear polarized light (the linear polarized light can be regarded as polarized electromagnetic wave synthesized by left-handed and right-handed circularly polarized light with the same phase and frequency) passes through a material medium in a magnetic field parallel to the propagation direction of the polarized light, so that the polarization rotation angle related to the magnetic field intensity generated on the magneto-optical sensor 4 is converted into visible image contrast difference through an optical imaging system, and further real-time image information corresponding to the magnetic field is obtained.
The composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive testing system is shown in figure 1, and the whole system comprises an alternating current/direct current power supply 5, a processor 6, a two-dimensional motion platform 1, a magneto-optical sensor 4, a constant magnetic field source 2 and an alternating magnetic field source 3. Wherein the alternating magnetic field source 3 is made of silicon steel sheets and copper wires, and power supplies with different frequencies are connected in a circuit; the constant magnetic field source can be replaced by a U-shaped permanent magnet or an electromagnet, and can generate a magnetic field with corresponding frequency.
The main part of the magneto-optical sensor 4 comprises a laser light source, a polarizer, a CMOS sensor, an analyzer and a magneto-optical wafer. The magneto-optical sensor belongs to a non-contact measurement mode, and has the advantages of visual imaging, good reliability, high measurement precision, low power consumption and high information transmission rate. The magneto-optical sensor 4 works and simultaneously generates an induction magnetic field near the defect of the workpiece to be detected by accurately controlling a magnetic field source above the surface of the workpiece, and the induction magnetic field has special change near a welding seam due to the existence of the defect of the workpiece. When the polarized light is reflected by the induction magnetic field in parallel and then rotates for a certain angle, the rotated polarized light can be pertinently passed through or cut off by the analyzer, and finally the polarized light is obtained and imaged by the CMOS camera, and the obtained image is a magneto-optical image containing workpiece defect information.
When the device works, a workpiece 7 to be detected is fixed on the two-dimensional motion platform 1, a magnetic field is excited on the part to be detected of the workpiece by adjusting the two-dimensional motion platform 1, and the CMOS sensor of the magneto-optical sensor 4 is aligned to the part to be detected of the workpiece. And adjusting a direct current/alternating current power supply to enable the alternating magnetic field source 3 and the constant magnetic field source 2 to jointly excite the workpiece to form a composite magnetic field, determining the proportion and the electrical parameters of the two magnetic fields by different defect types, and opening the processor 6 to acquire images of the leakage magnetic field in real time when the workpiece 7 to be detected is adaptive to the excited state of the magnetic field. The core technology is that a constant magnetic field source 2 and an alternating magnetic field source 3 are subjected to compound excitation, a compound magnetic field can better reflect the internal condition of a test piece, the compound magnetic field forms a magnetic circuit in the test piece, and a magneto-optical sensor 4 converts defect information into a magneto-optical image for analysis.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
it is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations to the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive inspection system, the system comprising: the device comprises a two-dimensional motion platform (1), a constant magnetic field source (2), an alternating magnetic field source (3), a magneto-optical sensor (4), an alternating current and direct current power supply (5) and a processor (6);
the constant magnetic field source is arranged above the two-dimensional motion platform (1), and a workpiece (7) to be detected can be placed between the constant magnetic field source (2) and the two-dimensional motion platform (1);
the two-dimensional motion platform (1) is used for placing a workpiece (7) to be detected and can drive the workpiece (7) to be detected to perform two-dimensional motion along a horizontal plane;
the alternating magnetic field source is arranged on the outer side of the constant magnetic field source (2), and the alternating magnetic field source (3) is connected with an alternating current and direct current power supply (5);
the magneto-optical sensor (4) is arranged in the magnetic field range of the constant magnetic field source (2); the magneto-optical sensor (4) is connected with the processor (6);
the magneto-optical sensor (4) changes the magnetic field information into a magneto-optical image and transmits the magneto-optical image to the processor (6); the processor (6) processes the magneto-optical image to realize nondestructive testing.
2. The magneto-optical imaging nondestructive testing system with composite magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure of the constant magnetic field source (2) is a U-shaped structure; the opening of the U-shaped mechanism of the constant magnetic field source (2) faces downwards, and the magneto-optical sensor (4) is arranged in the opening of the U-shaped opening end of the constant magnetic field source (2).
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the constant magnetic field source (2) is a permanent magnet.
4. The magneto-optical imaging nondestructive testing system with composite magnetic field according to claim 3, wherein the alternating magnetic field source (3) is a "U" shaped structure and is disposed outside the U-shaped structure of the constant magnetic field source (2) so that the U-shaped structure of the constant magnetic field source (2) and the U-shaped structure of the alternating magnetic field source are overlapped and are in the same vertical plane.
5. The magneto-optical imaging nondestructive testing system with composite magnetic field according to claim 4, characterized in that the alternating magnetic field source (3) is formed by winding silicon steel sheets and copper wires; two ends of the copper wire are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the alternating current and direct current power supply (5).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110514734A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-29 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of resultant field magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection system and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110514734A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-29 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of resultant field magneto-optic imaging non-destructive detection system and method |
| CN110514734B (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2024-04-09 | 广东工业大学 | Composite magnetic field magneto-optical imaging nondestructive detection system and method |
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