CN109060939A - Steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device - Google Patents
Steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109060939A CN109060939A CN201811007792.XA CN201811007792A CN109060939A CN 109060939 A CN109060939 A CN 109060939A CN 201811007792 A CN201811007792 A CN 201811007792A CN 109060939 A CN109060939 A CN 109060939A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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Abstract
Leakage magnetic detection device, is placed on rail to be detected first, measures the magnetic leakage signal of rail to be detected in the x direction and the y direction by the invention discloses a kind of steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device；Then after carrying out bandpass filtering, enhanced processing using the two magnetic leakage signals of blocking method, the signal time domain distribution map, the signal time domain distribution map with Y-direction that obtain X-direction；Then the peak-to-peak signal characteristic value away from for X-direction, Y-direction of flaw indication in the signal time domain distribution map of X-direction, Y-direction is extracted respectively；Finally utilize X-direction defect width WxWith the peak-to-peak relational expression away from BX of X-direction characteristic value, Y-direction defect width WyWith the peak-to-peak relational expression away from BY of Y-direction characteristic value, the depth of defect of X-direction, Y-direction is calculated, the present invention it is original be only able to detect magnetic leakage signal on the basis of quantitative analysis is carried out to the flaw indication of different in width, can more accurately judge hurt serious conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measuring technique and instrument field more particularly to a kind of steel rail defect based on leakage magnetic detection device are wide
Spend detection method.
Background technique
Currently, Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting is lossless to have become one of the main method that steel rail defect width is detected, in non-destructive testing
The basic principle of Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting refers to, ferrimagnet is by after local magnetized, in local magnetized area, if the material have crackle or
The hurts such as person's pit, the Distribution of Magnetic Field at hurt can mutate, and have partial magnetic field that can leak out, and form magnetic flux leakage, pass through
Detect the changes of magnetic field of this part of ferrimagnet, it can be determined that this part of the material is with the presence or absence of damage.
The leakage field field intensity of fault location and size, the power of measured workpiece internal magnetic field and the sensor of defect are away from tested
Distance, that is, lift-off value of workpiece surface etc. is closely related, these factors can influence the sensitivity and reliability of detection simultaneously.Rationally
Select above-mentioned parameter most important to optimal testing result can be obtained.And the measurement of defect width is to measured workpiece hurt
Assessment is also most important, and different defect width may will affect polishing and replacement to workpiece.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of for determining inspection for defect involved in background technique
Survey the signal processing method of defect width.
Steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device, the leakage magnetic detection device include shell, magnetic yoke,
Excitation coil, Hall sensor array, the first castor and the second castor；
First castor, the second castor are all made of wide rubber wheel, are separately positioned on the lower end surface of the shell, so that the shell
Body can roll on rail to be detected；
The magnetic yoke, excitation coil, Hall sensor array are arranged in the shell, wherein the magnetic yoke is in inverted U
Shape, on it, the excitation coil is connected with external power supply for the excitation coil winding, and the magnetic yoke is used for logical in excitation coil
Magnetic loop is formed with rail to be detected when electric；The Hall sensor array is arranged in the magnetic yoke, is flat with the rail
Row, for acquiring the magnetic leakage signal of steel rail defect；
Steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device comprises the steps of:
Magnetic leakage detection system is placed on above rail to be detected, makes it along rail according to preset speed threshold by step 1)
Value is at the uniform velocity advanced, wherein spacing, the i.e. lift-off value t between Hall sensor array and rail is equal to preset distance threshold；
Step 2, enabling the initial position where magnetic leakage detection system is origin O, the direction of advance of magnetic leakage detection system be X-axis just
Direction is Y-axis positive direction perpendicular to the direction of XOY plane to the right；Rail to be detected is obtained by the Hall sensor array
Magnetic leakage signal in the x direction and the y direction；
Step 3), using blocking method respectively to rail to be detected magnetic leakage signal in the x direction and the y direction carry out bandpass filtering,
After enhanced processing, the signal time domain distribution map, the signal time domain distribution map with Y-direction that obtain X-direction；
Step 4), the peak distance values for extracting flaw indication in the signal time domain distribution map of X-direction are the signal characteristic value of X-direction
BX, the peak distance values for extracting the signal time domain distribution map flaw indication of Y-direction are signal characteristic the value BY, unit mm of Y-direction；
Step 5) utilizes X-direction defect width WxWith the peak-to-peak relational expression away from characteristic value BX of X-direction: BX=0.024Wx 0.6, by X
The defect width W of X-direction is calculated in the signal characteristic value in direction after substituting intox, WxUnit is mm；
Step 6) utilizes Y-direction defect width WyWith the peak-to-peak relational expression away from characteristic value BY of Y-direction: BY=0223Wy+ 0.05, it will
The defect width W of Y-direction is calculated in the signal characteristic value BY of Y-direction after substituting intoy, WyUnit is mm.
It is described as the present invention is based on the further prioritization scheme of steel rail defect checking method for width of leakage magnetic detection device
Preset threshold speed is 12km/h.
As the present invention is based on the further prioritization scheme of steel rail defect checking method for width of leakage magnetic detection device, steps
3) the band logical wave of 25-2500Hz is carried out in, carries out 150 times of enhanced processing.
As the present invention is based on the further prioritization scheme of steel rail defect checking method for width of leakage magnetic detection device, steps
1) t=0.4mm in.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
It is original be only able to detect magnetic leakage signal on the basis of quantitative analysis is carried out to the flaw indication of different depth, more accurately
Judge hurt serious conditions.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that magnetic yoke in the present invention, excitation coil, sensor array match.
In figure, 1- Hall sensor array, 2- silicon steel sheet magnetic yoke, 3- excitation coil.
Specific embodiment
The invention discloses a kind of steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device, as shown in Figure 1, described
Leakage magnetic detection device includes shell, magnetic yoke, excitation coil, Hall sensor array, the first castor and the second castor；
First castor, the second castor are all made of wide rubber wheel, are separately positioned on the lower end surface of the shell, so that the shell
Body can roll on rail to be detected；
The magnetic yoke, excitation coil, Hall sensor array are arranged in the shell, wherein the magnetic yoke is in inverted U
Shape, on it, the excitation coil is connected with external power supply for the excitation coil winding, and the magnetic yoke is used for logical in excitation coil
Magnetic loop is formed with rail to be detected when electric；The Hall sensor array is arranged in the magnetic yoke, is flat with the rail
Row, for acquiring the magnetic leakage signal of steel rail defect；
Steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device comprises the steps of:
Magnetic leakage detection system is placed on above rail to be detected, makes it along rail according to preset speed threshold by step 1)
Value 12km/h at the uniform velocity advances, wherein spacing, i.e. lift-off value t=0.4mm between Hall sensor array and rail；
Step 2, enabling the initial position where magnetic leakage detection system is origin O, the direction of advance of magnetic leakage detection system be X-axis just
Direction is Y-axis positive direction perpendicular to the direction of XOY plane to the right；Rail to be detected is obtained by the Hall sensor array
Magnetic leakage signal in the x direction and the y direction；
Step 3) carries out 25-2500Hz to the magnetic leakage signal of rail to be detected in the x direction and the y direction respectively using blocking method
Bandpass filtering, after 150 times of enhanced processing, obtain the signal time domain distribution map of X-direction, be distributed with the signal time domain of Y-direction
Figure；
Step 4), the peak distance values for extracting flaw indication in the signal time domain distribution map of X-direction are the signal characteristic value of X-direction
BX, the peak distance values for extracting the signal time domain distribution map flaw indication of Y-direction are signal characteristic the value BY, unit mm of Y-direction；
Step 5) utilizes X-direction defect width WxWith the peak-to-peak relational expression away from characteristic value BX of X-direction: BX=0.024Wx 0.6, by X
The defect width W of X-direction is calculated in the signal characteristic value in direction after substituting intox, WxUnit is mm；
Step 6) utilizes Y-direction defect width WyWith the peak-to-peak relational expression away from characteristic value BY of Y-direction: BY=0223Wy+ 0.05, it will
The defect width W of Y-direction is calculated in the signal characteristic value BY of Y-direction after substituting intoy, WyUnit is mm.
Those skilled in the art can understand that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including skill
Art term and scientific term) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Also
It should be understood that those terms such as defined in the general dictionary should be understood that have in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning and unless defined as here.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not limited to this hair the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Bright, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (4)
1. the steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device, the leakage magnetic detection device includes shell, magnetic yoke, swashs
Encourage coil, Hall sensor array, the first castor and the second castor；
First castor, the second castor are all made of wide rubber wheel, are separately positioned on the lower end surface of the shell, so that the shell
Body can roll on rail to be detected；
The magnetic yoke, excitation coil, Hall sensor array are arranged in the shell, wherein the magnetic yoke is in inverted U
Shape, on it, the excitation coil is connected with external power supply for the excitation coil winding, and the magnetic yoke is used for logical in excitation coil
Magnetic loop is formed with rail to be detected when electric；The Hall sensor array is arranged in the magnetic yoke, is flat with the rail
Row, for acquiring the magnetic leakage signal of steel rail defect；
It is characterized in that, the steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device comprises the steps of:
Magnetic leakage detection system is placed on above rail to be detected, makes it along rail according to preset speed threshold by step 1)
Value is at the uniform velocity advanced, wherein spacing, the i.e. lift-off value t between Hall sensor array and rail is equal to preset distance threshold；
Step 2, enabling the initial position where magnetic leakage detection system is origin O, the direction of advance of magnetic leakage detection system be X-axis just
Direction is Y-axis positive direction perpendicular to the direction of XOY plane to the right；Rail to be detected is obtained by the Hall sensor array
Magnetic leakage signal in the x direction and the y direction；
Step 3), using blocking method respectively to rail to be detected magnetic leakage signal in the x direction and the y direction carry out bandpass filtering,
After enhanced processing, the signal time domain distribution map, the signal time domain distribution map with Y-direction that obtain X-direction；
Step 4), the peak distance values for extracting flaw indication in the signal time domain distribution map of X-direction are the signal characteristic value of X-direction
BX, the peak distance values for extracting the signal time domain distribution map flaw indication of Y-direction are signal characteristic the value BY, unit mm of Y-direction；
Step 5) utilizes X-direction defect width WxWith the peak-to-peak relational expression away from characteristic value BX of X-direction: BX=0.024Wx 0.6, by the side X
To signal characteristic value substitute into after the defect width W of X-direction is calculatedx, WxUnit is mm；
Step 6) utilizes Y-direction defect width WyWith the peak-to-peak relational expression away from characteristic value BY of Y-direction: BY=0223Wy+ 0.05, by Y
The defect width W of Y-direction is calculated in the signal characteristic value BY in direction after substituting intoy, WyUnit is mm.
2. the steel rail defect checking method for width according to claim 1 based on leakage magnetic detection device, which is characterized in that institute
Stating preset threshold speed is 12km/h.
3. the steel rail defect checking method for width according to claim 1 based on leakage magnetic detection device, which is characterized in that step
Rapid 3) the middle band logical wave for carrying out 25-2500Hz, the enhanced processing for carrying out 150 times.
4. the steel rail defect checking method for width according to claim 1 based on leakage magnetic detection device, which is characterized in that step
It is rapid 1) in t=0.4mm.
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| CN201811007792.XA CN109060939A (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | Steel rail defect checking method for width based on leakage magnetic detection device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109632941A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | A method of inhibiting magnetic leakage signal lift-off interference |
| CN111024805A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Steel rail surface damage magnetic flux leakage detection device and method |
| CN111999377A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-27 | 河北工业大学 | Method for characterizing defect width through magnetic flux leakage detection |
| CN112083059A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for filtering steel rail top surface lift-off interference |
| CN114072668A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-02-18 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Method and apparatus for inspecting surface defect of round bar |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114072668A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-02-18 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Method and apparatus for inspecting surface defect of round bar |
| CN111024805A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Steel rail surface damage magnetic flux leakage detection device and method |
| CN112083059A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for filtering steel rail top surface lift-off interference |
| CN112083059B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-07-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for filtering lifting interference of top surface of steel rail |
| CN111999377A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-27 | 河北工业大学 | Method for characterizing defect width through magnetic flux leakage detection |
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Application publication date: 20181221 |