CN105925479A - Gradient 3D printing head and 3D printer - Google Patents
Gradient 3D printing head and 3D printer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105925479A CN105925479A CN201610262038.5A CN201610262038A CN105925479A CN 105925479 A CN105925479 A CN 105925479A CN 201610262038 A CN201610262038 A CN 201610262038A CN 105925479 A CN105925479 A CN 105925479A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gradient 3D printing head and a 3D printer. The head comprises a liquid inlet runner, a mixing runner, a micro-reaction runner and a liquid outlet which are constructed in a micro-fluidic chip substrate, as well as a gradient mixing valve which is arranged on a mixing runner, wherein the liquid inlet runner comprises at least two liquid inlets and a plurality of liquid dividing runners which are branched from each of the liquid inlets; the liquid inlets are used for inputting corresponding to-be-mixed liquid printing materials; the various liquid dividing runners are connected to the mixing runner; the gradient mixing valve is matched with the mixing runner, and the gradient mixing valve is capable of displacing on the mixing runner in a driven mode, so that one part of the liquid dividing runners are disconnected, and meanwhile, the other part of the liquid dividing runners are turned on; therefore, a mixing proportion of the liquid printing materials which are inputted from the various liquid inlets is controlled; and the mixed liquid printing materials react in the micro-reaction runner, and then the mixed liquid printing materials are jetted from the liquid outlet. According to the gradient 3D printing head and the 3D printer disclosed by the invention, the mixing proportion and copolymerization of the printing materials can be quantitatively controlled, and a copolymerization speed can be accelerated, so that gradient-concentration multi-material 3D printing can be flexibly and rapidly achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological 3D and print field, particularly relate to a kind of gradient 3D printing head and 3D
Printer.
Background technology
Tissue engineering technique is a kind of biology and the technology of manufacturing discipline intersection, it is intended to pass through autogenous cell
Amplification and assembling, artificial manufacture tissue and organ, its develop into tissue injury repair provide new
Thinking.The foundation of organizational project science indicates that medical science will break away from the restriction of organ transplantation, it is achieved more may be used
The treatment leaned on.
In Tissue Engineering Study, compound, the cytoskeleton of gradient comes into one's own in recent years.
The biomaterial different by multiple physics and chemistry, biological property is used in combination, it is possible to obtain heterogeneous body and imitative
Raw artificial tissue, the load-carrying construction for the inhomogeneous distribution such as bone, cartilage is significant, right
Regulation degradation time can also be played in soft tissue, strengthen biological activity and promote the effects such as cell differentiation,
It it is the developing direction merited attention.
The cytoskeleton of currently manufactured gradient composites, main employing manual configuration concentration ratio is different
Materials at different levels, the method successively watered or spray.But, before this means need the long period
Phase configuration operation, for needing the polymeric biomaterial of copolyreaction, in addition it is also necessary to carry out temperature control
Be sufficiently mixed, complex operation is time-consuming；Additionally, need to repeatedly change difference when this method makes cytoskeleton
The material of concentration, the accuracy of manufacture is low, and layer is poor with interlaminar bonding.
Biological 3D prints (Bio 3D printing), is the one of rapid shaping technique, can pass through
Programme-control, the mode constructed object successively printed.It is the weight during organizational project manufactures that biological 3D prints
Want and new methods；Microfluidic chip technology (Microfluidics) is that one is mainly used in life
Ordering scientific experimental technique, it is at least micro-in a dimension that its feature is mainly chip resulting structure
Meter level yardstick, has that liquid flowing is controlled, it is few to consume sample and reagent, analyzes on speed tenfold
Carry high Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae.Micro-mixer and microreactor are two kinds of typical case's application of micro-fluidic chip.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at and overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of gradient 3D prints
Shower nozzle and have the 3D printer of this printing head, can the mixed proportion of two kinds of printed materials of fixing quantity
With copolymerization degree, by the feature that micro-fluidic chip flow is less, accelerate copolyreaction speed, thus
Flexibly, the many materials 3D promptly realizing gradient concentration prints.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of gradient 3D printing head, including micro-fluidic chip matrix, builds at described micro-fluidic core
Feed liquor runner, mixing runner, micro-reaction runner and liquid outlet on sheet matrix, and it is arranged on described
Mixing runner on gradient mixing valve, described feed liquor runner include at least two inlet and from each enter
The a plurality of separatory runner that liquid mouth is branched off, described inlet is beaten for each inputting liquid to be mixed
Printed material material, each separatory runner is commonly connected to described mixing runner, and described gradient mixing valve is mixed with described
Road, interflow matches, it is possible to is driven on described mixing runner displacement, thus controls to cut off a part
Separatory runner and the described connection mixing runner, open another part separatory runner simultaneously and mix with described
The connection of runner, to control the mixed proportion of the liquid printed material of each inlet input, by described
The liquid printed material of mixing runner mixing enters described micro-reaction runner, in described micro-reaction runner
React, then sprayed by described liquid outlet.
Further:
Described a plurality of separatory runner is the row being connected with described mixing runner being divided into by multiple dividing plates
Runner, described gradient mixing valve includes dentation baffle plate and motor, and described dentation baffle plate is by described step
Enter motor and control mobile, to stop the outlet of a part of separatory runner, open another part separatory simultaneously
The outlet of runner.
The diameter of described a plurality of separatory runner is consistent.
Described inlet has two, in order to input to be mixed two kind liquid printed material.
Described gradient mixing valve is configured so that exporting described mixing from described feed liquor runner when printing
The total flow of runner keeps constant.
Such as, described gradient mixing valve is configured so that connecting the number of the separatory runner of described mixing runner
Mesh is always the half of whole separatory runner, so that by the mixing liquid of described mixing runner output
Flow is always half when described feed liquor runner is freely infused.
Described dentation baffle plate is configured so that the number connecting the separatory runner of described mixing runner is always
All halves of separatory runner, so that by the flow of the mixing liquid of described mixing runner output all the time
Half when freely infusing for described feed liquor runner.
The n bar separatory runner that each inlet is branched off, described gradient mixing valve controls two kinds of liquid
The ratio of printed material regulates between 0:n～n:0, n >=2, such as n=10.
Described micro-reaction runner includes the branching reaction runner that a plurality of length is different, each branching reaction runner
Porch be provided with selector valve, by control described selector valve, mixing liquid can be made to enter arbitrary point
By-reaction runner.
The region of the corresponding described micro-reaction runner of described micro-fluidic chip matrix is provided with temperature control chip, described
Temperature control chip controls the temperature in described micro-reaction runner, to promote the mixed liquor in described micro-reaction runner
Body reacts.
At least one branching reaction runner in micro-reaction runner has cranky structure to extend
Corresponding length.
The cross sectional shape of described mixing runner can increase three-dimensional turnover or protruding, with disturbance fluid, promotes
Material mixing.
A kind of 3D printer, including described gradient 3D printing head.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The gradient 3D printing head of the present invention, can be quantitatively based on micro-mixer and the structure of microreactor
Control mixed proportion and the copolymerization degree of multiple printed material, by the spy that micro-fluidic chip flow is less
Point, accelerates copolyreaction speed, thus flexibly, promptly realize many materials 3D of gradient concentration
Print.The printing head device of the present invention have being quick on the draw, control low cost, material contamination little,
The advantages such as plant bulk is less.The ejecting device of the present invention can directly be provided to existing 3D biometric print machine
On, lifting bracket print capacity, it is achieved the most controlled manufacture, reduces material configuration and the work changed
Measure, there is important application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall shaft side figure of gradient 3D printing head embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the runner top view of gradient 3D printing head embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c are the gradient mixing valves of gradient 3D printing head embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram under three kinds of mixed proportions；
Description of reference numerals:
100-micro-fluidic chip matrix, 200-feed liquor runner, 300-gradient mixing valve, the micro-reaction of 400-
Runner, 500-liquid outlet, 201-inlet, 202-separatory runner, 401-branching reaction runner, 402-
Selector valve, 403-temperature control chip, 301-mixing runner, 302-dentation baffle plate, 303-motor.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter embodiments of the present invention are elaborated.It is emphasized that the description below is only
It is exemplary rather than in order to limit the scope of the present invention and application thereof.
Refering to Fig. 1, in one embodiment, a kind of gradient 3D printing head, including micro-fluidic chip
Matrix 100, build feed liquor runner 200 on micro-fluidic chip matrix 100, mixing runner 301,
Micro-reaction runner 400 and liquid outlet 500, and it is arranged on the gradient mixing valve on mixing runner 301
300, feed liquor runner 200 includes at least two inlet 201 and is branched off from each inlet 201
A plurality of separatory runner 202, inlet 201 for each inputting liquid printed material to be mixed,
Each separatory runner 202 be commonly connected to mix runner 301, gradient mixing valve 300 with mix runner 301
Match, it is possible to be driven on mixing runner 301 and shift, thus control to cut off a part of separatory stream
Road 202 and the connection mixing runner 301, open another part separatory runner 202 and mixed flow simultaneously
The connection in road 301, to control the mixed proportion of the liquid printed material of each inlet 201 input, logical
The liquid printed material crossing mixed flow road 301 mixing enters micro-reaction runner 400, at micro-reaction runner
React in 400, then sprayed by liquid outlet 500.
The mixed proportion of this gradient 3D printing head energy fixing quantity at least two printed material and copolymerization
Degree, by the feature that micro-fluidic chip flow is less, accelerates copolyreaction speed, thus flexibly,
The many materials 3D promptly realizing gradient concentration prints.Such as, feed liquor runner 200 is by a plurality of point
Every kind of material of output can be equally divided into many parts by liquid stream road 202, and converges at mixing runner.Can
With on the basis of ensureing that total flow is constant, control the mixing of the liquid printed material of each inlet input
Ratio.
In a preferred embodiment, described gradient mixing valve configured so that print time from described feed liquor stream
Road exports the total flow of described mixing runner and keeps constant.Such as, two kinds of different printings can be controlled
Material is under constant-pressure conditions from different inlet inputs, and ensures that bi-material output pressure is equal,
And under conditions of total flow, output pressure are constant, it is possible to ensure second half section runner output flow velocity also
Constant, thus be beneficial to print speed and the control of output material live width.
In a kind of concrete preferred embodiment, dentation baffle plate 302d1 size and morpheme are designed to make
The number of the separatory runner 202 of connection mixing runner 301 is always the half of whole separatory runner 202,
So that it is the most defeated to be always feed liquor runner 200 by the flow mixing the mixing liquid that runner 301 exports
Half during liquid.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of separatory runner 202 is that be divided into by multiple dividing plates and mixed flow
The drainage road that road 301 is connected, gradient mixing valve 300 includes dentation baffle plate 302 and motor 303,
Dentation baffle plate 302 is controlled mobile, to stop going out of a part of separatory runner 202 by motor 303
Mouthful, open the outlet of another part separatory runner 202 simultaneously.By design and the stepping of baffle plate profile of tooth
The motion of motor, it is ensured that the separatory runner number of connection mixing runner is constant, i.e. flow of material is constant,
Bi-material ratio then can quantitatively regulate.
In an exemplary embodiment, the diameter of a plurality of separatory runner 202 is consistent.A plurality of separatory runner 202
Diameter can also part inconsistent or the most inconsistent, meeting can be with quantitative Analysis and being mixed in proportion
Condition.
In an exemplary embodiment, inlet 201 has two, in order to input to be mixed two kind liquid
Printed material.
The n bar separatory runner 202 that each inlet 201 is branched off, gradient mixing valve 300 controls
The ratio of two kinds of liquid printed materials regulates between 0:n～n:0, n >=2, such as n=10.
In a preferred embodiment, micro-reaction runner 400 includes the branching reaction stream that a plurality of length is different
Road 401, such as three branching reaction runners 401, the length of each branching reaction runner is the shortest, in,
Long, the porch of each branching reaction runner is provided with selector valve 402, by controlling selector valve 402,
Mixing liquid can be made to enter one of three branching reaction runners.The stream of different length is opened by selection
Road, can fixing quantity material mixing and the time of reaction.
In a preferred embodiment, the region of the corresponding micro-reaction runner 400 of micro-fluidic chip matrix 100
Being provided with temperature control chip, temperature control chip controls the temperature in micro-reaction runner 400, to promote micro-reaction runner
Mixing liquid in 400 reacts.By arranging temperature control chip at micro-reaction flow passage area, can be quantitative
Control material mixing and the temperature of reaction.
In a preferred embodiment, the cross sectional shape of mixing runner 301 increases solid turnover or protruding,
With disturbance fluid, promote material mixing.
In a preferred embodiment, at least one branching reaction runner 401 in micro-reaction runner 400
There is cranky structure to extend the length of correspondence.
As it is shown in figure 1, according to specific embodiment, gradient 3D printing head comprises micro-fluidic chip base
Body, feed liquor runner, gradient mixing valve, micro-reaction runner and liquid outlet.Micro-fluidic chip matrix conduct
The carrier of other each several parts of shower nozzle, manufactures runner by lithographic technique.
As in figure 2 it is shown, according to specific embodiment, feed liquor runner includes inlet and separatory runner, enters
Liquid mouth has two, in order to input to be mixed two kind liquid printed material；Separatory runner is with dividing plate
Runner, bi-material is each divided into multiply, preferably 10 strands., printing consistent at flow diameter
When material inputs under constant-pressure conditions, it is believed that each plume road flow is the most equal.
As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 c, according to specific embodiment, gradient mixing valve is by mixing runner, tooth
Shape baffle plate and motor composition.By design and the motion of motor of baffle plate profile of tooth, it is ensured that
The printed material entering mixing runner is always the half of whole separatory runner, and embodiment is 10 strands.Then,
Mixing liquid is always half when two runners are freely infused by the flow mixing runner output, keeps perseverance
Fixed, bi-material ratio then can regulate between 0:10～10:0.
Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c be shown respectively control bi-material mixed proportion be 10:0,5:5,
The situation of 0:10.
Mixing runner constitutes micro-mixer, it is achieved being sufficiently mixed of bi-material.
As in figure 2 it is shown, micro-reaction runner is divided into three, length is the shortest-in-long, porch has
Selector valve, preferred manual or pneumatic PDMS material elastic film valve.By controlling selector valve, can make
Mixing liquid enters one of three runners, the distance that blending transportation is different before extruding from liquid outlet.?
When infusion fluid flow velocity and each cross section of fluid channel amass knowable to ratio, in runner, flow rate of liquid will also realize that,
Therefore mixing liquid time of delivery in micro-reaction runner is controlled.
Mixing flow passage area is provided with temperature control chip, can control the temperature in mixed flow road, promote liquid in runner
Body fully carries out the reactions such as copolymerization, to promote the chemical bond strength of mixing material, improves print carriage
Mechanical strength, and improve biology performance qualitatively.
Liquid outlet is used for spraying mixing liquid, coordinates physics, chemical crosslinking technology to complete organizational project and prop up
The sizing of frame.
Overall runner sectional dimension is less, contributes to strengthening the contact of two materials, accelerate mixing velocity and
Reaction rate.
The cross sectional shape of mixing runner can increase three-dimensional turnover or protruding, with disturbance fluid, promotes material
Mixing.
Reaction runner can take Christmastree-type branched structure, and mixing liquid is divided into several strands, reduces flow,
Promote copolyreaction.Specifically, shunted by thinner runner, mixing liquid is divided into several strands and enters
Enter reaction zone, remerge in the place near liquid outlet, to reduce the flow in every sub-runner, enter
And increase the ratio of contact area-volume, promote the mixing in Material Physics and copolyreaction chemically.
Inputted different liquid the first materials and the second material by two inlet pressurizations, control fluid pressure
Equal.Move with step motor control dentation baffle plate, determine two material mixing ratio.With micro-reaction stream
Road control valve and temperature control chip control copolyreaction time and the temperature of liquid.After computable time delay,
Shaped by liquid outlet ejection.In print procedure, immediately controlled material mixing ratio by motor,
Realize gradient to print.
Example one
First material selects PLA solution, the second material to select PGA solution.This is two kinds and can be used for giving birth to
The macromolecule polymer material that thing manufactures, both mixed copolymers are referred to as PLGA, and mixed proportion is to material
Material mechanical property and degradation rate have considerable influence.Also contemplate for the first material and select PLGA, the second material
Material selects TCP or collagen, the i.e. printable polymerizable material bone-cartilage support through checking.
Example two
First material selects PEG solution, the second material to select ECM solution.The former is high molecular polymerization
Thing material, the latter is natural extracellular matrix, and both Hybrid Heating can be copolymerized, favorably be manufactured into
Crosslinking during shape, and mechanical property and the degradation property of ECM material can be improved.Mixed proportion,
Support performance is all had an impact by incorporation time and mixing temperature.
Example three
First material selects gelatin, the second material to select methacrylic acid.Gelatin is conventional biological system
Producing material material, the product after bi-material generation graft reaction is referred to as GelMA, has good biological spy
Property and adjustable mechanical property, it is adaptable to the organizational project manufacture of gradient distribution.
Above content is that combination is concrete/the most made for the present invention the most specifically
Bright, it is impossible to assert the present invention be embodied as be confined to these explanations.For technology belonging to the present invention
For the those of ordinary skill in field, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it can also be to this
The embodiment having described that a bit makes some replacements or modification, and these substitute or variant all should
It is considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a gradient 3D printing head, it is characterised in that include micro-fluidic chip matrix, structure
Feed liquor runner, mixing runner, micro-reaction runner and liquid outlet on described micro-fluidic chip matrix,
And it being arranged on the gradient mixing valve on described mixing runner, described feed liquor runner includes that at least two is entered
Liquid mouth and a plurality of separatory runner being branched off from each inlet, described inlet is for each input
Liquid printed material to be mixed, each separatory runner is commonly connected to described mixing runner, described gradient
Mixing valve matches with described mixing runner, it is possible to be driven on described mixing runner displacement, thus
Control to cut off a part of separatory runner and the described connection mixing runner, open another part separatory simultaneously
Runner and the described connection mixing runner, to control the mixing of the liquid printed material of each inlet input
Ratio, enters described micro-reaction runner, in institute by the liquid printed material of described mixing runner mixing
React in stating micro-reaction runner, then sprayed by described liquid outlet.
2. gradient 3D printing head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described a plurality of point
Liquid stream road is the drainage road being connected with described mixing runner being divided into by multiple dividing plates, and described gradient is mixed
Close valve and include that dentation baffle plate and motor, described dentation baffle plate are moved by described step motor control,
To stop the outlet of a part of separatory runner, open the outlet of another part separatory runner simultaneously.
3. gradient 3D printing head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described a plurality of point
The diameter in liquid stream road is consistent.
4. gradient 3D printing head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described inlet
There are two, in order to input to be mixed two kind liquid printed material.
5. gradient 3D printing head as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described gradient is mixed
Close valve configured so that export the total flow guarantor of described mixing runner when printing from described feed liquor runner
Hold constant.
6. gradient 3D printing head as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described gradient is mixed
Close valve configured so that the number connecting the separatory runner of described mixing runner is always whole separatory stream
The half in road, so that being always described feed liquor by the flow of the mixing liquid of described mixing runner output
Half when runner is freely infused.
7. gradient 3D printing head as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that each inlet
The n bar separatory runner being branched off, described gradient mixing valve controls the ratio of two kinds of liquid printed materials
Regulate between 0:n～n:0, n >=2.
8. the gradient 3D printing head as described in any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that institute
State the branching reaction runner that micro-reaction runner includes that a plurality of length is different, the entrance of each branching reaction runner
Place is provided with selector valve, by controlling described selector valve, mixing liquid can be made to enter either branch reaction
Runner.
9. the gradient 3D printing head as described in any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that institute
The region stating the corresponding described micro-reaction runner of micro-fluidic chip matrix is provided with temperature control chip, described temperature control chip
Control the temperature in described micro-reaction runner, to promote that the mixing liquid in described micro-reaction runner is carried out
Reaction.
10. a 3D printer, it is characterised in that include as described in any one of claim 1 to 9
Gradient 3D printing head.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610262038.5A CN105925479B (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | A kind of gradient 3D printing nozzle and 3D printer |
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| CN201610262038.5A CN105925479B (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2016-04-25 | A kind of gradient 3D printing nozzle and 3D printer |
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| CN106671413A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-05-17 | 北京交通大学海滨学院 | Multifunctional extendable FDM-3D printer externally-connected mixer |
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| CN108246187A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-07-06 | 张磊 | A kind of method of micro-fluid chip production lotion or bubble |
| CN111284009A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-16 | 西湖大学 | Extrusion type printing head prepared by adopting photocuring printing technology and application thereof |
| CN112537031A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-23 | 北京化工大学 | 3D printing method and equipment for gradient polymer composite material |
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| CN115671397A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-02-03 | 上海大学 | Cell-containing osteochondral scaffold with polypeptide and double growth factors distributed in gradient manner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115671397B (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2023-10-13 | 上海大学 | Cell-containing osteochondral scaffold with gradient distribution of polypeptide and dual growth factors, and preparation method and application thereof |
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