CN105924189A - 一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910003564 SiAlON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料及其制备方法,其中稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料包括以下重量百分比的组分:刚玉骨料55~75%,碳化硅10~15%,稀土氧化物2~5%,金属硅1~5%,结合剂6~12%,外加剂5~7%;稀土氧化物包括La2O3和Y2O3。本发明稀土氧化物含有La2O3和Y2O,具有很强的结合性能,形成微观焊接,具有同步增强的作用,具有良好的热震稳定性和抗氧化性,且稀土氧化物在高温下反应可生成LaOF,能提高产品抗渣侵蚀能力;稀土氧化物具有良好的耐酸耐碱,抗侵蚀能力强,从而可以提高其使用寿命的性能;本发明与现有技术中加氧化铬相比,提高使用寿命,避免二次污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及垃圾焚烧炉刚玉碳化硅浇注料,尤其涉及一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料及其制备方法。
背景技术
垃圾焚烧炉内的使用条件极其苛刻,垃圾的成分很不稳定,垃圾焚烧炉在850-900℃之外容易产生二噁英,腐蚀能力很强,垃圾在运动过程中对浇注料表面摩擦很大,极易造成物理损伤,要求耐火材料的耐磨能力必须很强,目前市场上的浇注料多是水泥结合,主要材料也是刚玉莫来石,或者刚玉碳化硅,由于水泥极易与盐酸反应,造成浇注料在侵蚀过程中强度下降严重,在垃圾的冲击力的撞击下,很快脱落,导致焚烧炉停产检修,浪费人力物力,而且污染严重;同时现有主流产品中多数都会添加氧化铬,会产生二次污染。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料及其制备方法,以解决上述技术问题。
为了达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,包括以下重量百分比的组分:刚玉骨料55~75%,碳化硅10~15%,稀土氧化物2~5%,金属硅1~5%,结合剂6~12%,外加剂5~7%;稀土氧化物包括La2O3和Y2O3;结合剂包括重量百分比为:5~10%的α-Al2O3微粉、1~3%的二氧化硅微粉和3~8%的纯铝酸钙水泥。
进一步的,稀土氧化物包括重量百分比各至少为0.5%的La2O3和Y2O。
进一步的,碳化硅包括重量百分比为:50~60%的粒度小于0.088mm的碳化硅和40~50%的粒度小于0.5mm的碳化硅。
进一步的,α-Al2O3微粉的粒度为0.5~1.5μm。
进一步的,金属硅的粒度为35~50μm。
进一步的,外加剂包括重量百分比为:0.01~0.02%的金属铝、0.1~0.2%防爆纤维和0.1~0.2%三聚磷酸钠中的任意两种或者三种。
进一步的,刚玉骨料为电熔刚玉或烧结板状刚玉;刚玉骨料包括重量百分比为:8~12%的粒度为5~8mm的刚玉骨料、15~25%的粒度为3~5mm的刚玉骨料、50~70%的粒度为1~3mm的刚玉骨料和8~12%的粒度为0~1mm的刚玉骨料。
任一上述稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)称取适量外加剂后放置入强制式搅拌机中预混10~15min后得到预混料;
(2)向步骤(1)所得的预混料中按组成配比加入刚玉骨料、碳化硅、稀土氧化物、金属硅和结合剂,然后在强制式搅拌机中继续混合10~15min;
(3)将步骤(2)中混合好的料振动成型,再在110℃下干燥24小时;
(4)将步骤(3)所得干燥料置于高温炉内在1350℃下保温3小时烧成产物稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:本发明在现有的刚玉碳化硅浇注料的基础上,添加稀土氧化物,稀土氧化物改性耐火材料的利用技术的研究,在稀土资源综合开发利用方面也有着深远的意义;稀土氧化物含有La2O3和Y2O,具有很强的结合性能,形成微观焊接,使各种原料之间有分散装结合为固熔体,具有同步增强的作用,增加浇注料的强度;稀土氧化物的体积变化小,具有良好的热震稳定性和抗氧化性,且稀土氧化物在高温下反应可生成LaOF,能提高产品抗渣侵蚀能力;稀土氧化物属于饱和氧化物,耐酸耐碱,抗侵蚀能力强,从而可以提高其使用寿命的性能;稀土氧化物活性催化氮化反应,使碳化硅和α-Al2O3微粉生成Si3N4,有效地生成SiAlON物质来提高固一固结合率,从而提高机械强度;生成FeSi3N4,高温形成覆盖于材质表面的熔体而提高产品抗氧化能力;稀土氧化物促进SiC晶须生长,促进二次莫来石化,提高了产品高温常温下的力学和烧结性能,与现有浇注料相比,耐磨性能提高,使用寿命延长;本发明与现有技术中加氧化铬相比,提高使用寿命,避免二次污染。
具体实施方式
以下将对本发明各实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明所保护的范围。
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,包括以下重量百分比的组分:刚玉骨料65%,碳化硅15%,稀土氧化物5%,金属硅5%,结合剂10%和外加剂5%,其中结合剂包括重量百分比为:5%的α-Al2O3微粉、6%的纯铝酸钙水泥和2%的二氧化硅微粉,在其他实施例中纯铝酸钙水泥也可用普通水泥替换;α-Al2O3微粉的粒度在2μm以下。
优选的,稀土氧化物包括重量百分比各为0.5%的La2O3和Y2O。
优选的,碳化硅包括重量百分比为:50%的粒度小于0.088mm的碳化硅和50%的粒度小于0.5mm的碳化硅;其中粒度小于0.5mm的碳化硅中包含的粒度小于0.088mm的碳化硅的含量低于20%。
优选的,α-Al2O3微粉的粒度为0.5~1.5μm。
优选的,金属硅的粒度为35~50μm。
优选的,外加剂包括重量百分比为:0.01%的金属铝、0.2%的防爆纤维和0.2%的三聚磷酸钠。
优选的,刚玉骨料为电熔刚玉或烧结板状刚玉;刚玉骨料包括重量百分比为:10%的粒度为5~8mm的刚玉骨料、20%的粒度为3~5mm的刚玉骨料、60%的粒度为1~3mm的刚玉骨料和10%的粒度为0~1mm的刚玉骨料。
实施例2
一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,包括以下重量百分比的组分:刚玉骨料75%,碳化硅10%,稀土氧化物2%,金属硅7%,结合剂8%和外加剂7%,其中结合剂包括重量百分比为:2%的α-Al2O3微粉、5%的纯铝酸钙水泥和1%的二氧化硅微粉,在其他实施例中纯铝酸钙水泥也可用普通水泥替换。
优选的,稀土氧化物包括重量百分比各为1%的La2O3和Y2O。
优选的,碳化硅包括重量百分比为:55%的粒度小于0.088mm的碳化硅和45%的粒度小于0.5mm的碳化硅;其中粒度小于0.5mm的碳化硅中包含的粒度小于0.088mm的碳化硅的含量低于20%。
优选的,α-Al2O3微粉的粒度为0.5μm。
优选的,金属硅的粒度为35μm。
优选的,外加剂包括重量百分比为:0.01~0.02%的金属铝、0.1~0.2%的防爆纤维。
优选的,刚玉骨料为电熔刚玉或烧结板状刚玉;刚玉骨料包括重量百分比为:10%的粒度为5~8mm的刚玉骨料、20%的粒度为3~5mm的刚玉骨料、60%的粒度为1~3mm的刚玉骨料和10%的粒度为0~1mm的刚玉骨料。
实施例3
一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,包括以下重量百分比的组分:刚玉骨料70%,碳化硅11%,稀土氧化物4%,金属硅3%,结合剂12%和外加剂6%,其中结合剂包括重量百分比为:5%的α-Al2O3微粉、4%的纯铝酸钙水泥和3%的二氧化硅微粉,在其他实施例中纯铝酸钙水泥也可用普通水泥替换。
优选的,稀土氧化物包括重量百分比各为2.5%的La2O3和1.5%的Y2O。
优选的,碳化硅包括重量百分比为:60%的粒度小于0.088mm的碳化硅和40%的粒度小于0.5mm的碳化硅;其中粒度小于0.5mm的碳化硅中包含的粒度小于0.088mm的碳化硅的含量低于20%。
优选的,α-Al2O3微粉的粒度为1.5μm。
优选的,金属硅的粒度为50μm。
优选的,外加剂包括重量百分比为:0.01~0.02%的金属铝和0.1~0.2%的三聚磷酸钠。
优选的,刚玉骨料为电熔刚玉或烧结板状刚玉;刚玉骨料包括重量百分比为:10%的粒度为5~8mm的刚玉骨料、20%的粒度为3~5mm的刚玉骨料、60%的粒度为1~3mm的刚玉骨料和10%的粒度为0~1mm的刚玉骨料。
上述实施例1~3中稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料采用下述方法制备:(1)称取适量外加剂后置入强制式搅拌机中预混10~15min后得到预混料;(2)向步骤(1)所得预混料中按组成配比加入刚玉骨料、碳化硅、稀土氧化物、金属硅和结合剂在强制式搅拌机中继续混合10~15min;(3)将步骤(2)中混合好的料振动成型,再在110℃下干燥24小时;(4)将步骤(3)所得干燥料置于高温炉内在1350℃下保温3小时烧成产物稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料。
上述实施例1~3的理化性能指标较见下表:
指标 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
体积密度g/cm3 | 2.97 | 2.98 | 2.96 |
110℃×24h抗折强度MPa | 12.5 | 11.5 | 12.5 |
110℃×24h耐压强度MPa | 103 | 101 | 97 |
1350℃×3h抗折强度MPa | 18 | 16 | 17 |
1350℃×3h耐压强度MPa | 152 | 143 | 135 |
1350℃重烧线变化% | 0.2 | 0.15 | 0.2 |
本发明稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料与常规刚玉碳化硅浇注料的理化性能指标对比见下表:
综上所述,本发明具有以下突出优点及有益效果:
(1)由上表可知,本发明具有优良的热震稳定性和抗氧化性好,操作稳定性高,且稀土氧化物在高温下反应可生成LaOF,能提高产品抗渣侵蚀能力;
(2)本发明在常用刚玉碳化硅浇注料基础上,加入特定的稀土氧化物原位生成碳化硅晶须、Si3N4和FeSi3N4,促进莫来石相的生成,与现有浇注料相比,耐磨性能提高,使用寿命延长;
(3)本发明与现有技术中加氧化铬相比,提高使用寿命,避免二次污染。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,其特征在于,包括以下重量百分比的组分:刚玉骨料55~75%,碳化硅10~15%,稀土氧化物2~5%,金属硅1~5%,结合剂6~12%,外加剂5~7%;
所述稀土氧化物包括La2O3和Y2O3;
所述结合剂包括重量百分比为:5~10%的α-Al2O3微粉、1~3%的二氧化硅微粉和3~8%的纯铝酸钙水泥。
2.如权利要求1所述的稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,其特征在于:所述稀土氧化物包括重量百分比各至少为0.5%的La2O3和Y2O。
3.如权利要求1所述的稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,其特征在于:所述碳化硅包括重量百分比为:50~60%的粒度小于0.088mm的碳化硅和40~50%的粒度小于0.5mm的碳化硅。
4.如权利要求1所述的稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,其特征在于:所述α-Al2O3微粉的粒度为0.5~1.5μm。
5.如权利要求1所述的稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,其特征在于:所述金属硅的粒度为35~50μm。
6.如权利要求1所述的稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,其特征在于:所述外加剂包括重量百分比为:0.01~0.02%的金属铝、0.1~0.2%防爆纤维和0.1~0.2%三聚磷酸钠中的任意两种或者三种。
7.如权利要求1所述的稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料,其特征在于:所述刚玉骨料为电熔刚玉或烧结板状刚玉;所述刚玉骨料包括重量百分比为:8~12%的粒度为5~8mm的刚玉骨料、15~25%的粒度为3~5mm的刚玉骨料、50~70%的粒度为1~3mm的刚玉骨料和8~12%的粒度为0~1mm的刚玉骨料。
8.一种如权利要求1至7任一所述稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)称取适量外加剂后放置入强制式搅拌机中预混10~15min后得到预混料;
(2)向步骤(1)所得的预混料中按组成配比加入刚玉骨料、碳化硅、稀土氧化物、金属硅和结合剂,然后在强制式搅拌机中继续混合10~15min;
(3)将步骤(2)中混合好的料振动成型,再在110℃下干燥24小时;
(4)将步骤(3)所得干燥料置于高温炉内在1350℃下保温3小时烧成产物稀土增强刚玉碳化硅浇注料。
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