CN105920517B - 一种清咽利嗓的甘草复合组合物 - Google Patents
一种清咽利嗓的甘草复合组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105920517B CN105920517B CN201610271484.2A CN201610271484A CN105920517B CN 105920517 B CN105920517 B CN 105920517B CN 201610271484 A CN201610271484 A CN 201610271484A CN 105920517 B CN105920517 B CN 105920517B
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- radix glycyrrhizae
- liquorice liquid
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- fermentation
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种清咽利嗓的甘草复合组合物。它是由甘草、决明子、龙眼肉、枸杞子、黄精、桑葚、菊花、覆盆子、薄荷、沙苑子、菟丝子、红枣、郁金、瓜萎制成。本发明具有辛凉疏散风热之功，润肺化痰利咽之效，对风热咽痛有很好的解除作用。由于其组方药材的优势，拥有效果好、口感佳等特点，同时较其他剂型服用方便、及时，将被越来越多的咽炎患者所接受。而且制备工艺科学、可行、可操作性强，将大大降低生产成本，为生产企业带来相当可观的经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域，特别是涉及一种清咽利嗓的甘草复合组合物。
背景技术
随着生活节凑的加快，工作压力增大，生活习惯不当常常会引发口腔问题。因饮酒过度、辛辣食物，导致患急性咽炎，或慢性咽炎复发的人数不断增加，症状加重。常表现为咽部不适、干咳、异物感，甚至咽痛、发热。口腔问题给工作、生活都带来了困扰。由于学生，平时住校，气候干湿变化、饮食及学习压力的影响经常会造成咽喉肿痛，声音嘶哑，给学习生活都带来了不便。一些特定职业人群更容易出现口腔问题，例如教师，主持人，歌手等职业人群，以及处于存在口腔问题隐患工作环境的工作人员。同时，很多年轻人需要矫正牙齿，也经常会造成口腔溃疡，给工作、学习及生活造成了很大的困扰。
常见的咽喉疾病按照中医理论主要包括咽喉疼痛、吞咽困难、喉中痰鸣、咽喉异物感等，这些症状与咽喉部位的炎症关系密切。咽炎作为一种常见病，发病率高，患病人数多。随着社会压力的增大，室内装修、城市污染的增加，该病一直呈上升趋势。这种病症的特点就是病虽不重，不胜其烦，且病程长，症状顽固，不易治愈。
中医认为咽炎的病变在于咽喉，但其病理形成与肺、肝、胃、肾有密切关系。西药主要以各类抗菌素的为主，极易导致患者的脾胃受到严重损伤，因此咽炎不可急于求成而用一些消炎类的西药。慢性咽炎病因病机常为脏腑虚损，耗伤阴分，虚火上炎于咽喉而致，或因风热喉痹反复发作。另外，虚火上蒸，烁津成痰，加之脉络痹阻，气机不利，致气滞痰凝，痰火郁结。
目前，用于治疗口腔疾病的药物剂型主要有散剂、粉剂、喷剂、贴剂、含片五大类。其中含片最受消费者欢迎，但是含片中有很多是激素类的含片，副作用大；中药含片比较知名的有西瓜霜含片、复方冬凌草含片、复方草珊瑚含片，但是三者都是药品，口感偏苦。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述缺陷而提供一种口感好、服用方便、经济实惠且能清咽利嗓的甘草复合组合物。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取了如下技术方案。一种清咽利嗓的甘草复合组合物，其特征在于它是由以下重量份配比的原料制成: 甘草80-100份、决明子15-20份、龙眼肉11-18份、枸杞子8-12份、黄精13-19份、桑椹7-11份、菊花17-20份、覆盆子10-16份、薄荷8-12份、沙苑子8-12份、菟丝子11-16份、红枣7-12份、郁金10-22份、瓜蒌11-14份。
该组合物的制备方法为：
（1）、按组方称取上述各原料备用；
（2）、将称取的甘草进行发酵提取，步骤如下：
a、烘烤：将甘草片放置在烘箱中烘烤，烘烤温度为80-110℃，烘烤到产生甘草腥味为止，并冷却；
b、提取：将烘烤后的甘草片与纯净水按照1:20-1:30（g:mL）的比放到具有负压蒸煮的提取装置中，蒸煮压力为0.5-0.8个标准大气压，蒸煮时间为2-3h，蒸煮后除去甘草片得甘草提取液，蒸煮提取两次，然后合并提取液；
该步骤的负压蒸煮，可以去除甘草气味中的甘草腥味，但是甘草液的口感滋味仍然存在甘草腥味，这在后续步骤中除去；
c、发酵：将甘草液倒入发酵罐中灭菌，再添加3-5%白砂糖、1-2%的活性干酵母进行发酵；发酵温度为26-30℃，时间为2-3h，甘草发酵液出现酒香味则停止发酵，然后灭菌；
该步骤的发酵主要是使甘草液的气味具有酒香味，同时甘草液的口感滋味得到改善，甘草腥味大大下降。
d.、离心：将发酵的甘草液以5000-10000r/min的转速离心，除去杂质，得澄清的甘草液；
e.、调配：将甘草液稀释至甘草甜素含量范围为0.05-0.15%，在稀释后的甘草液中，添加1-2%的β-环状糊精，慢速搅拌0.5-1h，再添加0.05-0.1%的苹果酸，搅拌1-3min；
该步骤添加的添加剂，使甘草液口感滋味呈酸甜味，掩盖了甘草液中所剩少量的甘草腥味；
f.、均质：用140-150kg/cm2的均质机将调配后的甘草液进行均质，使溶液体系更加均匀稳定；
（3）、称取除甘草以外的原料混合，再加入原料混合物总量7倍的水浸泡60分钟，然后加热至90摄氏度，煎煮60分钟，过滤，得滤液A；将过滤的各原料渣再加入50倍的水，加热至90摄氏度，煎煮60分钟，过滤，得滤液B；合并滤液A、B与经过步骤（2）所得的甘草液进行均匀混合，加入甜味剂，灭菌、分装，即得。
方解：
甘草：补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心悸气短，咳嗽痰多，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛，痈肿疮毒，缓解药物毒性、烈性。用于心气虚，心悸怔忡，以及脾胃气虚，倦怠乏力等。
决明子：味苦、甘、咸，性微寒，入肝、肾、大肠经；润肠通便，降脂明目，治疗便秘及高血脂，高血压。清肝明目，利水通便，有缓泻作用，降血压降血脂。
龙眼肉：补益心脾，养血安神。用于气血不足、心悸怔忡、健忘失眠、血虚萎黄。
枸杞子：滋补肝肾，益精明目。疗肝肾阴亏、腰膝酸软、头晕、健忘、目眩、目昏多泪、消渴、遗精等病症。
黄精：味甘，性平，无毒。其主要功效是补中益气，益脾润肺，去除风湿。
桑椹：补益肝肾，滋阴养血，对乌发有特效，息风，清肝明目，解酒，改善睡眠，提高人体免疫力，延缓衰老，美容养颜，降低血脂，防癌。
菊花：有散风清热、清肝明目和解毒消炎等作用。
覆盆子：具有益肾固精缩尿，养肝明目之功效。常用于遗精滑精，遗尿尿频，阳痿早泄，目暗昏花。
薄荷：清新怡神，疏风散热，增进食欲，帮助消化。
沙苑子：补肝，益肾，明目，固精。治肝肾不足，腰膝酸痛，目昏，遗精早泄，小便频数，遗尿，尿血，白带。
菟丝子：滋补肝肾、固精缩尿，安胎，明目，止泻。
红枣：具有滋阴补阳，补血之功效。
郁金：活血止痛，行气解郁，清心凉血，利胆退黄。
瓜蒌：有解热止渴、利尿、镇咳祛痰等作用。
本发明具有辛凉疏散风热之功，润肺化痰利咽之效，对风热咽痛有很好的解除作用。由于其组方药材的优势，拥有效果好、口感佳等特点，同时较其他剂型服用方便、及时，将被越来越多的咽炎患者所接受。而且制备工艺科学、可行、可操作性强，将大大降低生产成本，为生产企业带来相当可观的经济效益。
本发明的优点是：该甘草组合物主要成分是甘草提取物，仅添加β-环状糊精和苹果酸两种调味剂，无其他原辅料；该甘草组合物气味具有酒香味、口感滋味具有酸甜味，风味愉悦，无甘草腥味；同时该甘草组合物具有清咽利嗓作用。本发明具有辛凉疏散风热之功，润肺化痰利咽之效，可谓是解除风热咽痛之良方。
本发明处方中药均为国家卫生部公布的药食同源药材，均无毒副作用，符合目前人们对健康养生的需要和追求，组方中的大部分药材都是味偏甘，因此口感好，易大多数消费者接受，老少皆宜，市场前景必将非常广阔。
本发明工艺独特，操作简单，适用于不同年龄性别的人群，该产品营养丰富，口感甘甜，服用、携带比较方便。
适宜人群：咽部不适、干咳、异物感等症状者；食用方法及食用量：口服，每日1次，每次 250mL ；保质期24 个月；贮藏方法：密封，置于阴凉、通风、干燥处。
具体实施方式：
一种清咽利嗓的甘草复合组合物，其特征在于它是由以下重量份配比的原料制成: 甘草80-100份、决明子15-20份、龙眼肉11-18份、枸杞子8-12份、黄精13-19份、桑椹7-11份、菊花17-20份、覆盆子10-16份、薄荷8-12份、沙苑子8-12份、菟丝子11-16份、红枣7-12份、郁金10-22份、瓜蒌11-14份。
该组合物的制备方法为：
（1）、按组方称取上述各原料备用；
（2）、将称取的甘草进行发酵提取，步骤如下：
a、烘烤：将甘草片放置在烘箱中烘烤，烘烤温度为80-110℃，烘烤到产生甘草腥味为止，并冷却；
b、提取：将烘烤后的甘草片与纯净水按照1:20-1:30（g:mL）的比放到具有负压蒸煮的提取装置中，蒸煮压力为0.5-0.8个标准大气压，蒸煮时间为2-3h，蒸煮后除去甘草片得甘草提取液，蒸煮提取两次，然后合并提取液；
该步骤的负压蒸煮，可以去除甘草气味中的甘草腥味，但是甘草液的口感滋味仍然存在甘草腥味，这在后续步骤中除去；
c、发酵：将甘草液倒入发酵罐中灭菌，再添加3-5%白砂糖、1-2%的活性干酵母进行发酵；发酵温度为26-30℃，时间为2-3h，甘草发酵液出现酒香味则停止发酵，然后灭菌；
该步骤的发酵主要是使甘草液的气味具有酒香味，同时甘草液的口感滋味得到改善，甘草腥味大大下降。
d.、离心：将发酵的甘草液以5000-10000r/min的转速离心，除去杂质，得澄清的甘草液；
e.、调配：将甘草液稀释至甘草甜素含量范围为0.05-0.15%，在稀释后的甘草液中，添加1-2%的β-环状糊精，慢速搅拌0.5-1h，再添加0.05-0.1%的苹果酸，搅拌1-3min；
该步骤添加的添加剂，使甘草液口感滋味呈酸甜味，掩盖了甘草液中所剩少量的甘草腥味；
f.、均质：用140-150kg/cm2的均质机将调配后的甘草液进行均质，使溶液体系更加均匀稳定；
（3）、称取除甘草以外的原料混合，再加入原料混合物总量7倍的水浸泡60分钟，然后加热至90摄氏度，煎煮60分钟，过滤，得滤液A；将过滤的各原料渣再加入50倍的水，加热至90摄氏度，煎煮60分钟，过滤，得滤液B；合并滤液A、B与经过步骤（2）所得的甘草液进行均匀混合，加入甜味剂，灭菌、分装，即得。
本发明的功能试验报告：
1、一般资料收治门诊患者89 例，随机将患者分为两组，试验组68 例，给予本发明的组合物服用，对照组21 例，给予已有保健品服用；其中年龄最小20 岁，最大65 岁，病程最短1 年，最长20年，临床观察，最短1 个月，最长1 年。两组患者在平均年龄、病程、病情，基本平衡，具有可比性。
2、诊断标准 全部病例参照中医病证诊断疗效标准确定诊断。
3、功效观察方法
治疗方法是在患者自愿前提下，随机将患者分为两组，治疗组68 例，服用本发明组合物，口服，每日1次，每次 250ml ；6 天为一疗程，最少服用1 疗程，最多服用2 疗程；对照组21例，服用已有保健品，每日2-3 次，最少服用1 疗程，最多服用6 疗程：
4、疗效评定标准 临床症状显效：咽部不适、干咳、异物感等症状基本消失。
无效：症状未改善。
5、结果与分析( 见表1) 表1 两组疗效比较
组别例数显效好转无效率(％ )
| 组别 | 例数 | 显效 | 好转 | 无效 | 显效率（%） |
| 试验组 | 68 | 65 | 2 | 1 | 95.58 |
| 对照组 | 21 | 15 | 2 | 4 | 71.43 |
从表面1 中可以看出试验组疗效明显优于对照组，其总显效率 (95.58％) 均明显高于对照组(71.43％)。
结论与讨论：
1、本发明对咽痛、咽痒、干咳、咽干涩等主要症状有改善作用，对咽部充血、水肿、分泌物等体征有改善作用。
2、本发明具有清咽功能。
本发明的人体试验，试验组疗效明显优于对照组，其总显效率 (95.58％) 均明显高于对照组(71.43％)。服后血、尿常规、便常规和血生化检验均无明显改变，说明本发明对受试者健康无明显影响。结果表明：本发明具有清咽功能。
Claims (1)
1.一种清咽利嗓的甘草复合组合物，其特征在于它是由以下重量份配比的原料制成:甘草80-100份、决明子15-20份、龙眼肉11-18份、枸杞子8-12份、黄精13-19份、桑椹7-11份、菊花17-20份、覆盆子10-16份、薄荷8-12份、沙苑子8-12份、菟丝子11-16份、红枣7-12份、郁金10-22份、瓜蒌11-14份；
该组合物的制备方法为：
（1）、按组方称取上述各原料备用；
（2）、将称取的甘草进行发酵提取，步骤如下：
a、烘烤：将甘草片放置在烘箱中烘烤，烘烤温度为80-110℃，烘烤到产生甘草腥味为止，并冷却；
b、提取：将烘烤后的甘草片与纯净水按照g:mL为1:20-1:30的比放到具有负压蒸煮的提取装置中，蒸煮压力为0.5-0.8个标准大气压，蒸煮时间为2-3h，蒸煮后除去甘草片得甘草提取液，蒸煮提取两次，然后合并提取液；
c、发酵：将甘草液倒入发酵罐中灭菌，再添加3-5%白砂糖、1-2%的活性干酵母进行发酵；发酵温度为26-30℃，时间为2-3h，甘草发酵液出现酒香味则停止发酵，然后灭菌；
d、离心：将发酵的甘草液以5000-10000r/min的转速离心，除去杂质，得澄清的甘草液；
e、调配：将甘草液稀释至甘草甜素含量范围为0.05-0.15%，在稀释后的甘草液中，添加1-2%的β-环状糊精，慢速搅拌0.5-1h，再添加0.05-0.1%的苹果酸，搅拌1-3min；
f、均质：用140-150kg/cm2的均质机将调配后的甘草液进行均质，使溶液体系更加均匀稳定；
（3）、称取除甘草以外的原料混合，再加入原料混合物总量7倍的水浸泡60分钟，然后加热至90摄氏度，煎煮60分钟，过滤，得滤液A；将过滤的各原料渣再加入50倍的水，加热至90摄氏度，煎煮60分钟，过滤，得滤液B；合并滤液A、B与经过步骤（2）所得的甘草液进行均匀混合，加入甜味剂，灭菌、分装，即得。
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