CN105918068A - Intercropping planting method capable of relieving continuous cropping obstacle of grapes - Google Patents
Intercropping planting method capable of relieving continuous cropping obstacle of grapes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105918068A CN105918068A CN201610321636.5A CN201610321636A CN105918068A CN 105918068 A CN105918068 A CN 105918068A CN 201610321636 A CN201610321636 A CN 201610321636A CN 105918068 A CN105918068 A CN 105918068A
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- Prior art keywords
- vitis viniferae
- fructus vitis
- continuous cropping
- interculture
- cropping
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intercropping planting method capable of relieving continuous cropping obstacle of grapes. Peanuts or shallots taken as intercrops and continuous cropping grapes are intercropped; firstly, the intercrops are subjected to germination acceleration and seedling culture, then, grape cutting seedlings are planted in a nutritional bag filled with continuous cropping soil for cultivation, when grape plants grow to have 6-10 leaves, the intercrops with the plant height ranging from 5 cm to 10 cm are selected, and the selected intercrops and grape plants with consistent growth vigor are intercropped and planted in the continuous cropping soil. Grape plants which are not intercropped are taken as a contrast, the peanuts and shallots are taken as the intercrops, the intercrops and the continuous cropping grapes are intercropped, the plant height, the stem thickness and the total weight of each grape plant are remarkably increased, the growth vigor of the grape plants is enhanced, the continuous cropping obstacle of the grapes is relieved through intercropping, and the cropping index is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, more particularly relate to a kind of catch cropping kind alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle
Plant method.
Background technology
The cultivation history of China's Fructus Vitis viniferae (grapevines) is the most remote, the yield of current Table Grape
Occupy the first in the world with area, but along with Planting Years, industrialization, the increase of scale, Fructus Vitis viniferae is even
Make obstacle outstanding day by day, when recycling such as old vineyard, the problems such as growth of seedling is bad occur, makes kind more
New difficulty, nursery utilization periods reduces.
Intercropping is as one of method effective, simple alleviating continuous cropping obstacle at present, increasingly by state
The extensive concern of inside and outside researcher.At present about the research of alleviation Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle measure, concentrate on organic
Fertilizer, microbial bacterial agent and soil-fumigating aspect, and the research for catch cropping regulation and control Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle still belongs to
Blank, is not the most suitable for alleviating the interculture research of Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of intercropping plant method alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle, in order to make up
The blank of prior art.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of intercropping plant method alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle, use Semen arachidis hypogaeae or Herba Alii fistulosi as interculture with
Fructus Vitis viniferae carries out catch cropping, and first interculture carries out Pregermination and seedling breeding, then Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling is colonizated in equipped with
Cultivate in the nutrient bag of continuous cropping soil, when Growth of Grape to 6-10 sheet leaf, choose plant height 5-10cm
Between the interculture grapevine seedling consistent with growing way in continuous cropping soil, carry out catch cropping field planting.
Further, during catch cropping field planting, interculture is 5-25cm with the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae;Fructus Vitis viniferae spacing in the rows is 10cm,
Often row 7 strain;Fructus Vitis viniferae both sides are interculture plantation row, spacing in the rows 7cm, often row 12 strain.
Further, when interculture is Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen arachidis hypogaeae is 10cm with the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae.
Further, when interculture is Herba Alii fistulosi, Herba Alii fistulosi is 20cm with the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae.
There is advantages that
The present invention chooses Semen arachidis hypogaeae and Herba Alii fistulosi and carries out catch cropping as interculture and continuous cropping Fructus Vitis viniferae, the strain of grapevine seedling
Height, stem are thick and plant gross weight substantially increases, and grapevine seedling growing way strengthens, and catch cropping alleviates Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle,
Improve multiple crop index.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to enforcement
In example or description of the prior art, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, describe below
In accompanying drawing be only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying
On the premise of going out creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the different intercropping mode allelopathy effect index map to Fructus Vitis viniferae plant height;
Fig. 2 is different intercropping mode to the thick allelopathy effect index map of Fructus Vitis viniferae stem;
Fig. 3 is the different intercropping mode allelopathy effect index map to grapevine seedling fresh weight.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly
Chu, be fully described by, it is clear that described embodiment be only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than
Whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation
The every other embodiment obtained under property work premise, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of intercropping plant method alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle, uses Semen arachidis hypogaeae to enter with Fructus Vitis viniferae as interculture
In the ranks make, first peanut seed is carried out Pregermination and seedling breeding, then Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling is colonizated in equipped with continuous cropping soil
Nutrient bag in cultivate, when Growth of Grape to 6-10 sheet leaf, choose between plant height 5-10cm
The peanut plant grapevine seedling consistent with growing way in continuous cropping soil, carry out catch cropping field planting.During catch cropping field planting, flower
Raw plant is 10cm with the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae;Fructus Vitis viniferae spacing in the rows is 10cm, often row 7 strain;Fructus Vitis viniferae both sides are Semen arachidis hypogaeae
Plant plantation row, spacing in the rows 7cm, often row 12 strain.
Embodiment 2
A kind of intercropping plant method alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle, uses Herba Alii fistulosi to enter with Fructus Vitis viniferae as interculture
In the ranks make, first onion seeds is carried out Pregermination and seedling breeding, then Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling is colonizated in equipped with continuous cropping soil
Nutrient bag in cultivate, when Growth of Grape to 6-10 sheet leaf, choose between plant height 5-10cm
The Herba Alii fistulosi plant grapevine seedling consistent with growing way in continuous cropping soil, carry out catch cropping field planting.During catch cropping field planting, greatly
Herba Alii fistulosi plant is 20cm with the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae;Fructus Vitis viniferae spacing in the rows is 10cm, often row 7 strain;Fructus Vitis viniferae both sides are Herba Alii fistulosi
Plant plantation row, spacing in the rows 7cm, often row 12 strain.
In the present invention, fine or not to the effect alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle in order to probe into different intercropping mode, enter
Go following test:
Choose 10 kinds of intercultures, respectively butch clover (being expressed as B), Herba Alii fistulosi (C), Semen arachidis hypogaeae (H),
Folium Allii tuberosi (J), gutweed (K), Herba Medicaginis (M), Herba Apii graveolentis (Q), Bulbus Allii (D), coriander (X),
Bulbus Allii Cepae (Y), carries out catch cropping with Fructus Vitis viniferae, first each interculture is carried out Pregermination and seedling breeding, then by Fructus Vitis viniferae
Cutting seedling is cultivated in being colonizated in the nutrient bag equipped with continuous cropping soil, treats that Growth of Grape is to 6-10 sheet leaf
Time, the grapevine seedling choosing the interculture of plant height 5-10cm consistent with growing way carries out catch cropping in continuous cropping soil
Field planting.
During catch cropping field planting, the line-spacing of interculture and Fructus Vitis viniferae sets 5 process, respectively 5cm, 10cm, 15cm,
20cm、25cm;Fructus Vitis viniferae spacing in the rows is 10cm, often row 7 strain;Fructus Vitis viniferae both sides are interculture plantation row, strain
Away from 7cm, often row 12 strain.Then the different intercropping mode of research (uses different interculture and catch cropping to make
The different spacings of thing and Fructus Vitis viniferae) the thick and shadow of grapevine seedling fresh weight to grapevine seedling plant height, grapevine seedling stem
Ring.
1. the different intercropping mode impacts on grapevine seedling plant height
Dealing with the action effect to Fructus Vitis viniferae growing way between difference different, Fig. 1 is the allelopathic of each process Fructus Vitis viniferae plant height
Effect index, concrete, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j of Fig. 1 respectively illustrates different work
The allelopathy effect index of Fructus Vitis viniferae plant height after thing catch cropping, every kind of interculture therein the most respectively by interculture with
The difference of the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae deals with between carrying out, and investigates each process change Fructus Vitis viniferae plant height with the catch cropping time simultaneously
Allelopathy effect index, in Fig. 1, letter is represented simply as a kind of catch cropping processing mode with number combinatorics on words, greatly
Write letter b, C, H, J, K, M, Q, D, X, Y represent respectively butch clover, Herba Alii fistulosi, Semen arachidis hypogaeae,
Folium Allii tuberosi, gutweed, alfalfa, Herba Apii graveolentis, Bulbus Allii, coriander, Bulbus Allii Cepae as the processing mode of interculture,
Illustrating as a example by B5, what B therein represented is using butch clover as interculture, B numeral below
5 represent be interculture and the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae is 5cm.The each catch cropping of butch clover is drawn by a of Fig. 1
Reason (except B15, B25) all shows inhibitory action to continuous cropping Fructus Vitis viniferae, and B15 is dealing with initial stage performance
Go out facilitation, increase with the catch cropping time and present inhibitory action.
The b of Fig. 1 is catch cropping Herba Alii fistulosi result, each catch cropping distance Fructus Vitis viniferae is all shown as facilitation (except C5,
C15 processes the initial stage).The d of Fig. 1 is that catch cropping Semen arachidis hypogaeae processes, except H20 processes later stage suppression grapevine seedling life
Long, each process all promotes grape growth.C, e, f, i of Fig. 1 is respectively Bulbus Allii, Folium Allii tuberosi, gutweed, Yuan
Deal with between Sui, except there are facilitation at J5, J15, K20, X25 later stage and D15, K10 initial stage to plant height
Outward, all Fructus Vitis viniferae plant height is produced inhibition remaining period.G, j of Fig. 1 is catch cropping Herba Medicaginis and Bulbus Allii Cepae process,
It produces promotion or inhibitory action with the difference of catch cropping distance to plant height.In the i of Fig. 1, use catch cropping celery
Dish processes, and Q10 processes and promotes Fructus Vitis viniferae plant height, and Q20 has relatively high inhibition effect, Q5, Q15, Q25 to plant height
Process with different manifestations action effect in the period of measurement different.
2. different intercropping modes are on the thick impact of grapevine seedling stem
Fig. 1 is the allelopathy effect index that each process grapevine seedling stem is thick, concrete, a of Fig. 2, b, c, d,
E, f, g, h, i, j respectively illustrate the allelopathy effect index using Different Crop grapevine seedling stem thick, its
In every kind of interculture carry out by interculture is different from the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae the most respectively between deal with, simultaneously
Investigate each process change thick allelopathy effect index of grapevine seedling stem with the catch cropping time, respectively process Fructus Vitis viniferae stem
Thick allelopathy effect index is as in figure 2 it is shown, by a, c, e, g, j of Fig. 2 it can be seen that at the catch cropping initial stage
Deal with Fructus Vitis viniferae stem thick between butch clover, Bulbus Allii, Folium Allii tuberosi, alfalfa, Bulbus Allii Cepae (except Y20 process)
Early stage shows as facilitation, increases with the catch cropping time and Fructus Vitis viniferae stem is slightly showed inhibitory action.The b of Fig. 2 can
Obtain catch cropping Herba Alii fistulosi (except C5 process) general performance thick to stem and go out stronger facilitation, but increase with the catch cropping time
Adding the facilitation effect to stem is thick to weaken, there is more weak inhibitory action in C15, C20, C25 later stage.By Fig. 2
D can obtain, catch cropping Semen arachidis hypogaeae (except H5, H15 process) all slightly shows stronger facilitation to stem.Fig. 2
F be catch cropping gutweed result, each process slightly has certain promotion at the catch cropping initial stage to stem, with the catch cropping time
Increase and show significant inhibitory action.In the h of Fig. 2, Q5, Q10, Q20, Q25 effect thick to stem
Showing as catch cropping early stage and promote later stage suppression, wherein Q20 process inhibitory action is stronger.In the i of Fig. 2, Yuan
It is thick that Sui process significantly inhibits Fructus Vitis viniferae stem.During field planting, with the Herba Apii graveolentis of Fructus Vitis viniferae catch cropping, serious disease pest occurs
Evil, growing way are the weakest, and the early stage excessive growth later stage weak phenomenon of growing way occurs when field planting in coriander.
3. the different intercropping mode impacts on grapevine seedling fresh weight
Measurement result that comprehensive plant height, stem are thick and field planting situation, choose and promote to make to continuous cropping Fructus Vitis viniferae growing way
Process with obvious catch cropping Herba Alii fistulosi, Semen arachidis hypogaeae and have the catch cropping gutweed of obvious inhibiting effect to process and carry out the later stage
Take a sample to research.
Choose Herba Alii fistulosi, Semen arachidis hypogaeae, gutweed process be sampled, measure its allelopathy effect to grapevine seedling fresh weight
Index, is shown in Fig. 3, and catch cropping Herba Alii fistulosi processes the impact on continuous cropping Fructus Vitis viniferae growing way, except C5 process shows as suppression
Outside effect, other process all increases plant gross weight, and wherein C20 process facilitation is the strongest;At catch cropping Semen arachidis hypogaeae
In process, H5, H20 process presents inhibitory action, and H10 process has significant facilitation;And
Catch cropping gutweed all shows as suppression to Fructus Vitis viniferae weight, and inhibitory action presents first to reduce with the increase of distance to be increased afterwards
Trend, K5 process inhibition the strongest.
Summary is described, and the present invention chooses Semen arachidis hypogaeae and Herba Alii fistulosi and carries out catch cropping, Portugal as interculture and continuous cropping Fructus Vitis viniferae
The plant height of grape plant, stem are thick and plant gross weight substantially increases, and grapevine seedling growing way strengthens, and catch cropping alleviates Portugal
Grape continuous cropping obstacle, improves multiple crop index.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but those skilled in the art once know base
This creativeness concept, then can make other change and amendment to these embodiments.So, appended right is wanted
Ask and be intended to be construed to include preferred embodiment and fall into all changes and the amendment of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification without deviating from this to the present invention
Bright spirit and scope.So, if the present invention these amendment and modification belong to the claims in the present invention and
Within the scope of its equivalent technologies, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (4)
1. the intercropping plant method alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle, it is characterised in that use Semen arachidis hypogaeae or big
Herba Alii fistulosi carries out catch cropping as interculture and continuous cropping Fructus Vitis viniferae, first interculture carries out Pregermination and seedling breeding, then will
Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling is cultivated in being colonizated in the nutrient bag equipped with continuous cropping soil, treats that Growth of Grape is to 6-10
During sheet leaf, choose the grapevine seedling consistent with growing way of the interculture between plant height 5-10cm in continuous cropping soil
Carry out catch cropping field planting.
A kind of intercropping plant method alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle the most as claimed in claim 1, its feature
Being, during catch cropping field planting, interculture is 5-25cm with the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae;Fructus Vitis viniferae spacing in the rows is 10cm, often
Row 7 strain;Fructus Vitis viniferae both sides are interculture plantation row, spacing in the rows 7cm, often row 12 strain.
A kind of intercropping plant method alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle the most as claimed in claim 2, its feature
Being, when interculture is Semen arachidis hypogaeae, Semen arachidis hypogaeae is 10cm with the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae.
A kind of intercropping plant method alleviating Fructus Vitis viniferae continuous cropping obstacle the most as claimed in claim 2, its feature
Being, when interculture is Herba Alii fistulosi, Herba Alii fistulosi is 20cm with the line-spacing of Fructus Vitis viniferae.
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20160907 |