CN105911557A - Frequency modulated continuous wave laser ranging light beam automatic focusing device based on liquid lens - Google Patents
Frequency modulated continuous wave laser ranging light beam automatic focusing device based on liquid lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN105911557A CN105911557A CN201610416330.8A CN201610416330A CN105911557A CN 105911557 A CN105911557 A CN 105911557A CN 201610416330 A CN201610416330 A CN 201610416330A CN 105911557 A CN105911557 A CN 105911557A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/32—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S17/34—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/491—Details of non-pulse systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency modulated continuous wave laser ranging light beam automatic focusing device based on a liquid lens. The device comprises a tunable laser, a red light laser, a liquid lens unit, a camera, a computer light spot discrimination unit and a lens driving circuit. The tunable laser provides linear frequency modulated lasers and is used for measuring the distance of a target point to be measured. The red light laser generates red light visible lasers and is used for guiding positioning of the target point to be measured. The computer light spot discrimination unit and the lens driving circuit form a feedback system. The computer light spot discrimination unit identifies light spot images, captured by the camera, of the surface of an object to be measured and compares the sizes of the light spots under different liquid lens driving currents so as to find the liquid lens driving current corresponding to the minimum light spot point. In this way, the rapid automatic focusing of a light beam is realized. The device has the advantages that the structure is simple, the size is small, the response speed is high, and based on a light spot size index, the automatic focusing of a measuring light beam and a positioning light beam of a frequency modulated continuous wave laser ranging system is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to FM-CW laser ranging field, particularly relate to a kind of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation light beam autofocus based on liquid lens.
Background technology
FM-CW laser ranging technology is used widely in increasing field owing to having the advantages such as untouchable and high accuracy.This technology solves range finding needs reflecting prism or the cooperative target such as opal, target ball to carry out assisting and a difficult problem that scene cannot realize.FM-CW laser ranging system is found range by the high frequency lasers of a branch of frequency continuous modulation, simultaneously need to a branch of visible ray guides location to impact point to be measured.Two bundle laser outgoing after bonder is coupled into same optical fiber, shoot laser has the angle of divergence of certain angle and exists.Along with the increase of distance, beam spread can be increasingly severe, will be unable to position impact point accurately and measure.Zoom technology is the key realizing light beam focusing requirement.
Traditional mechanical zoom system is generally formed by multiple lens combinations, by the change producing focal length mobile before and after one or more pieces lens in battery of lens.Mechanical focusing method and structure thereof have clearly disadvantageous.First, mechanical focusing needs to be accurately controlled the position of optical element, it is necessary to calculate the motion track of element or assembly accurately, and the mobile needs synchronization of original paper or assembly is carried out, these harsh requirements make traditional zoom system structure complicated, and difficulty of processing is big, and cost is high；Secondly, mechanical focusing need to move repeatedly module position to realize the change of focal length, there is the shortcomings such as easy to wear, the life-span is low；Here, traditional mechanical focusing system needs to adjust mechanical length to meet the needs of focal length, it is impossible to adapt to the development trend of instrument microminaturization.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of existing focusing technology, the present invention provides a kind of simple in construction, volume little and can realize the full-automatic FM-CW laser ranging system beam autofocus based on liquid lens quickly focused on.This focusing arrangement electrically powered liquid lens replace traditional mechanical focusing lens group, and add one piece of compensation planoconvex lens on this basis so that device overall dimensions reduces further.The location laser problem that there is aberration different from Continuous Wave with frequency modulation optical maser wavelength is guided for redness, take the scheme that timesharing focuses on, red guided laser is focused at positioning stage, drive electric current to be modified on lens in measuring phases according to two bundle laser wave long values, make Continuous Wave with frequency modulation laser reach best focus.This device can carry out the most full-automatic focusing to measuring beam and location light beam in the range of 1m-30m, it is achieved is accurately positioned impact point to be measured, improves range accuracy.
In order to solve the problems referred to above, a kind of based on liquid lens the FM-CW laser ranging system beam autofocus that the present invention proposes, including tunable laser, red laser, fiber coupler, liquid lens unit, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, camera and computer hot spot judgement unit；Described tunable laser is used for producing narrow linewidth Continuous Wave with frequency modulation laser；Described red laser is used for producing red guided laser；The laser coupled that described fiber coupler produces for the laser described tunable laser produced and described red laser enters same optical fiber, and laser enters described liquid lens unit from fiber exit；Described liquid lens unit comprises housing and lens drive circuit, is disposed with aperture diaphragm along laser direction, compensates planoconvex lens and liquid lens in described housing；Described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens is arranged on the emergent light side of described liquid lens unit, and described camera is arranged in the transmission light side of described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, and impact point to be measured is arranged on the reflection light side of described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens；Described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens makes a part of laser-bounce return range-measurement system and the signal of launching with tunable laser forms the beat frequency calculating for impact point distance to be measured, and another part laser is transmitted into described camera；Described camera is used for catching the focal beam spot image of red guided laser, and by this focal beam spot image incoming computer hot spot judgement unit；Described computer hot spot judgement unit is connected with described camera by data-interface, and described computer hot spot judgement unit is connected to lens drive circuit by USB interface；Described computer hot spot judgement unit is by comparing the driving current value of liquid lens when finding out focal beam spot minimum in all focal beam spot images received；Described lens drive circuit keeps exporting this driving current value, makes liquid lens keep constant focal length.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Focusing arrangement simple in construction of the present invention, volume is little, and focusing speed is fast and can realize full-automatic focusing according to the differentiation of spot size.Location laser and Continuous Wave with frequency modulation laser is guided to carry out timesharing focusing redness, ensure that guides location laser and Continuous Wave with frequency modulation laser to respectively reach best focus at positioning stage and measuring phases redness, impact point to be measured can be accurately positioned, and ensure that Continuous Wave with frequency modulation return laser beam power is stronger.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is beam condenser structure of the present invention and light path schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is hot spot variation diagram in embodiment of the present invention redness guided laser focusing；
Fig. 3 is the attachment structure front sectional view in the present invention between liquid lens unit and optical fiber；
Fig. 4 is the top view of the attachment structure between liquid lens unit shown in Fig. 3 and optical fiber；
Fig. 5 is present example Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement focal beam spot figure when reaching best focus.
In figure:
1-tunable laser 2-red laser 3-fiber coupler
4-liquid lens unit 5-semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 6-camera
7-computer hot spot judgement unit 8-lens drive circuit 9-object under test surface
10-aperture diaphragm 11-compensates planoconvex lens 12-liquid lens
13-FC/PC optic fibre switching plate 14-screw thread adaptor 15,17-packing ring
16-C threaded extension pipe 18-housing
Detailed description of the invention
Being described in further detail technical solution of the present invention with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is only explained by described specific embodiment, not in order to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of FM-CW laser ranging system beam autofocus based on liquid lens of the present invention, including tunable laser 1, red laser 2, fiber coupler 3, liquid lens unit 4, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 5, camera 6 and computer hot spot judgement unit 7.
Described tunable laser 1 is used for producing narrow linewidth Continuous Wave with frequency modulation laser；Described red laser 2 is used for producing red guided laser；The laser coupled that described fiber coupler 3 produces for the laser described tunable laser 1 produced and described red laser 2 is the laggard same optical fiber in road, and laser enters described liquid lens unit 4 from fiber exit.
Described liquid lens unit 4 comprises housing 18 and lens drive circuit 8, is disposed with aperture diaphragm 10 along laser direction, compensates planoconvex lens 11 and liquid lens 12 in described housing 18, and described lens drive circuit 8 can drive liquid lens 12 to be axially moveable.
Described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 5 is arranged on the emergent light side of described liquid lens unit 4, and described camera 6 is arranged in the transmission light side of described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 5, and impact point 9 to be measured is arranged on the reflection light side of described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 5；Described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 5 makes a part of laser-bounce return range-measurement system and the signal of launching with tunable laser 1 forms the beat frequency calculating for impact point 9 distance to be measured, and another part laser is transmitted into described camera 6；
Described camera 6 is used for catching the focal beam spot image of red guided laser, and by this focal beam spot image incoming computer hot spot judgement unit 7；
Described computer hot spot judgement unit 7 is connected with described camera 6 by data-interface, and described computer hot spot judgement unit 7 is connected to lens drive circuit 8 by USB interface；Described computer hot spot judgement unit 7 is by comparing the driving current value of the liquid lens 12 when finding out focal beam spot minimum in all focal beam spot images received；Described lens drive circuit 8 keeps exporting this driving current value, makes liquid lens 12 keep constant focal length.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shows the attachment structure embodiment between the optical fiber that in the present invention, liquid lens unit is connected with fiber coupler 3, from optical fiber, the end to housing 18 is sequentially provided with FC/PC optic fibre switching plate 13, screw thread adaptor 14, packing ring 15, C threaded extension pipe 16, packing ring 17, and the described external screw thread of C threaded extension pipe 16 is connected with the female thread of housing 18.In the present invention, described fiber liquid lens unit is attached with liquid lens unit by FC/PC optic fibre switching plate 13, screw thread adaptor 14, C threaded extension pipe 16, packing ring, as shown in Figure 4, FC/PC optic fibre switching plate 13 connects screw thread adaptor 14, screw thread adaptor 14 connects C threaded extension pipe 16, C threaded extension pipe connects liquid lens 18, packing ring 15, packing ring 17 lay respectively at screw thread adaptor 14 and C threaded extension pipe 16, between C threaded extension pipe 16 and liquid lens 18, are used for finely tuning attachment structure length.Fibre-optical splice is linked together by this attachment structure with liquid lens, eliminates the cumbersome procedure being directed at regulation between fibre-optical splice with liquid lens, and adds the stability of device, improves the shock resistance of device.Adding plano-convex offset lens 11 and aperture diaphragm 10 in described liquid lens unit, plano-convex offset lens 11 therein reduces the overall focusing range of liquid lens 12, and incident laser is limited near axis area by aperture diaphragm 10, reduces the impact of spherical aberration.
Above-mentioned FM-CW laser ranging system beam autofocus based on liquid lens is utilized to realize red guided laser and Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement dual-beam fast automatic focusing, it is that redness guided laser and Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement are coupled into same optical fiber synthesis light beam, this light beam enters a liquid lens, in liquid lens, with aperture diaphragm, light beam is limited in optical system near axis area, utilizing red guided laser and Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement timesharing to focus on, final realization focuses on automatically.Mainly include red guided laser automatically focus on realize the location of impact point to be measured, liquid lens drives electric current, utilizes this liquid lens to drive electric current to drive liquid lens thus realize Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement and automatically focus on when utilizing the driving current value correction that red guided laser is corresponding when reaching best focus to obtain Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement optimum focusing.
Specifically comprise the following steps that
Step one, red guided laser focus on the location realizing impact point to be measured automatically: produce narrow linewidth Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement and red guided laser by described tunable laser 1 and red laser 2；Utilize described fiber coupler 3 that Continuous Wave with frequency modulation laser and red guiding location laser coupled are entered same optical fiber, coupled light beam enters described liquid lens unit 4 after fiber exit, respectively by aperture diaphragm 10, compensate planoconvex lens 11, liquid lens 12 post-concentration；Described lens drive circuit 8 exports initial driving current and drives liquid lens 12, and light beam is reflexed to target surface 9 to be measured through semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 5 after being assembled by liquid lens 12 and forms red hot spot；The light spot image that described camera 6 is formed after light beam is incided target surface to be measured catches and the light spot image on object under test surface is transferred to computer hot spot judgement unit 7；Described computer hot spot judgement unit 7 is identified catching hot spot on image and carries out spot size quantifying storage；Described lens drive circuit 8 progressively reduces the driving current value of liquid lens 12, spot size under different driving current value is compared until finding hot spot minima by described computer hot spot judgement unit 7, and after finding hot spot minima, described lens drive circuit 8 stops reducing the value of driving electric current and stablizing driving current value in this value and export；Comprise the steps:
The driving electric current coarse adjustment of 1-1, liquid lens:
Described lens drive circuit 8 starts backward described liquid lens unit 4 and exports initial driving current, and this initial driving current is the permission maximum current value of liquid lens, and liquid lens drives electric current with step-length IcoarseSuccessively decrease, if n-th driving current value is
In=In-1-Icoarse (1)
In formula (1), InFor the n-th liquid lens driving current value during liquid lens drive current adjustment, In-1For No. (n-1)th liquid lens driving current value during liquid lens drive current adjustment, IcoarseThe regulation step-length of electric current is driven for liquid lens；
Different liquids lens are driven cameras capture under electric current to image in size S of red guided laser focal beam spotnCompare, first reduce the trend increased afterwards, when starting that S occurs from certain point n1 along with liquid lens drives the size reducing red guided laser focal beam spot of electric current there will ben1-1>Sn1,Sn1+1>Sn1Time, liquid lens drives electric current to stop reducing, and now, lens drive electric current to be In1, wherein Sn1-1, Sn1, Sn1+1It is respectively n-th 1-1 time, the n-th 1 times, the size of redness guided laser focal beam spot during n-th 1+1 time regulation liquid lens driving current value；
1-2, liquid lens drive in electric current and adjust:
Liquid lens drives electric current with In1-IcoarseFor starting point, with step-length ImidSuccessively decrease, Imid<Icoarse, when starting that S occurs from certain point n2n2-1>Sn2,Sn2+1>Sn2Time, liquid lens drives electric current to stop reducing, and now, lens drive electric current to be In2；
1-3, liquid lens drive electric current to finely tune:
Liquid lens drives electric current with In2-ImidFor starting point, with step-length IfineSuccessively decrease, Ifine<Imid, when starting that S occurs from certain point n3n3-1>Sn3,Sn3+1>Sn3Time, liquid lens drives electric current to stop reducing, and now, lens drive electric current to be In3；This liquid lens is driven electric current In3Output liquid lens, the red automatic focusing of guided laser terminates.
Step 2, the driving current value that above-mentioned steps one finally exports liquid lens according to the relation between Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement and red guided laser wavelength carry out parameters revision, to ensure that Continuous Wave with frequency modulation laser reaches best focus:
I '=In3+A (2)
In formula (2), A is a constant value, is 658nm at red guided laser wavelength, when Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement wavelength is 1550nm, and A=32.4nm；
Step 3, liquid lens step 2 determined drive electric current I ' to export liquid lens, it is achieved Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement focuses on automatically.
Application example:
nullRed guided laser wavelength is the HONGGUANG of 658nm，Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement centre wavelength is 1550nm，According to connecting Each part shown in Fig. 1，And optical fiber is attached according to structure shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 with liquid lens unit，Apparatus of the present invention are turned to direction, object under test place，The object under test position away from FM-CW laser ranging system beam autofocus about 7m，Start apparatus of the present invention and according to above-mentioned steps one、Two、Three focus on automatically，It is observed that the hot spot that red guided laser is irradiated to body surface is stablized at minimum light spot the most from large to small and finally，Hot spot change procedure is as shown in Figure 2，Spot diameter after Wen Ding is only 0.917mm，Complete step 2，After performing step 3，The focus condition of Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement is observed with infrared beam analyser，Observe that Continuous Wave with frequency modulation Laser Measurement is focused to rapidly a bit，Focal beam spot is as shown in Figure 5，The a diameter of 1.344mm of focal beam spot.Demonstrate the present invention by examples detailed above and be capable of the most full-automatic focusing of FM-CW laser ranging system beam.
Although above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, invention has been described; but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned detailed description of the invention; above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is only schematically; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under the enlightenment of the present invention; without deviating from the spirit of the invention, it is also possible to make many variations, within these belong to the protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a FM-CW laser ranging system beam autofocus based on liquid lens, it is characterised in that bag
Include tunable laser (1), red laser (2), fiber coupler (3), liquid lens unit (4), semi-transparent semi-reflecting
Mirror (5), camera (6) and computer hot spot judgement unit (7)；
Described tunable laser (1) is used for producing narrow linewidth Continuous Wave with frequency modulation laser；
Described red laser (2) is used for producing red guided laser；
Described fiber coupler (3) is for the laser described tunable laser (1) produced and described red laser (2)
The laser coupled produced enters same optical fiber, and laser enters described liquid lens unit (4) from fiber exit；
Described liquid lens unit (4) comprises housing and lens drive circuit (8), sets successively along laser direction in described housing
It is equipped with aperture diaphragm (10), compensates planoconvex lens (11) and liquid lens (12)；
Described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (5) is arranged on the emergent light side of described liquid lens unit (4), described camera (6) cloth
Putting the transmission light side at described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (5), impact point to be measured (9) is arranged on described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (5)
Reflection light side；Described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (5) make a part of laser-bounce return range-measurement system and with tunable laser (1)
Transmitting signal form beat frequency for the calculating of impact point to be measured (9) distance, another part laser is transmitted into described camera (6)；
Described camera (6) is used for catching the focal beam spot image of red guided laser, and by this incoming calculating of focal beam spot image
Machine hot spot judgement unit (7)；
Described computer hot spot judgement unit (7) is connected with described camera (6) by data-interface, and described computer hot spot is sentenced
Other unit (7) is connected to lens drive circuit (8) by USB interface；Described computer hot spot judgement unit (7) by than
The driving current value of the liquid lens (12) when relatively finding out focal beam spot minimum in all focal beam spot images received；Institute
State lens drive circuit (8) to keep exporting this driving current value, make liquid lens (12) keep constant focal length.
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| CN106405825A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-02-15 | 中国人民解放军陆军军官学院 | Self-adaptive laser far field power density control device |
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| CN106646500A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 北京理工大学 | Self-adaptive closed loop adjustment laser range finding method and device |
| CN107436437A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-12-05 | 长春理工大学 | Active laser detection apparatus based on tunable liquid crystal variable refractivity |
| CN107436437B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2020-08-28 | 长春理工大学 | Laser active detection device based on tunable liquid crystal variable refractive index |
| CN108776334A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-11-09 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | A kind of novel airfield runway exotic auxiliary locator and localization method |
| CN109889728A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2019-06-14 | 上海大学 | A kind of mobile target real-time automatic focusing method based on electro-hydraulic adjustable zoom lens |
| CN109889728B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-03-24 | 上海大学 | Moving target real-time automatic focusing method based on electro-hydraulic adjustable focusing lens |
| CN109953826A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of laser aid and processing method for orthopaedics drilling |
| CN109991707A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-07-09 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | A kind of visual regulator for coupling and method |
| CN112729123A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-30 | 广州安特激光技术有限公司 | Distance measuring system and method based on machine vision |
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