CN1059065A - 电子镇流器 - Google Patents
电子镇流器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1059065A CN1059065A CN91108951A CN91108951A CN1059065A CN 1059065 A CN1059065 A CN 1059065A CN 91108951 A CN91108951 A CN 91108951A CN 91108951 A CN91108951 A CN 91108951A CN 1059065 A CN1059065 A CN 1059065A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- value
- power supply
- electric ballast
- capacitor
- vibration output
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5383—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement
- H02M7/53832—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement in a push-pull arrangement
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/02—High frequency starting operation for fluorescent lamp
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/05—Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明是一种荧光灯使用的电子镇流器,当然也
可用于其它气体放电灯。由外壳及装在其内的电源
整流滤波部分、振荡输出部分和保护部分组成。本发
明的电子镇流器可在环境温度-20~40℃,电网电
压160~260伏情况下,安全启动和长期可靠工作。
Description
本发明是一种荧光灯使用的电子镇流器。当然也可用于其它气体放电灯。
目前,世界各国生产的荧光灯用电子镇流器可归纳成二类。我们暂把一类称为高级型,一类称为普通型。高级型虽然性能较好,但电路复杂,价格昂贵。普通型电路简单,成本低,但由于脉冲电流大,三次谐波高,不宜在当今的电网中使用。因此使现有电子镇流器的推广遇到了实质性困难。本发明的目的就在于克服上述两类电子镇流器的缺点,设计了一种性优价廉的新型电子镇流器。该发明的电子镇流器的主要性能是,输入电流近似于正弦波,与电压正弦波的相角差∮<arccos0.95,电流的三次谐波<7%(基波为100%)。而其成本只有高级型电子镇流器的1/3~1/5,与普通型的成本相近,详见表1。
本发明是这样实现的,它由外壳及装在其内的电源整流滤波部分、振荡输出部分和保护部分(包括低压启动)组成。对紧凑型荧光灯,其外壳的下面直接装有荧光灯管的标准插座,上面装有标准灯头。对直管荧光灯,其外壳为薄铁皮,两端分别有两端子、四端子的标准接线柱。
电源滤波部分:市电火线经电感L0、L1,地线经电阻R14(与可控硅V17并联)、L2接入由二极管V1、V2、V3、V4组成的整流桥1和由二极管V1、V2、V10、V11组成的整流桥2的输入端。C0跨接在电感L1、L2的输入端,C1跨接在整流桥的输入端,C2、C3分别跨接在整流桥1、2的输出端。
振荡输出部分:电容C10与热敏电阻R10并联后与电容C5串联,然后再与灯管两端灯丝引线之一端相连。灯管两端灯丝引线的另一端,一与电感L3、变压器T的n3绕组串联后接在V14的发射极串联电阻R13与V15集电极的连接处;一与电容C4串联后接V15的发射极串联电阻R14。变压器T的绕组n1一端与电容C6串联后接V14发射极串联电阻R13,另一端接V14基极。绕组n2一端与C7串联后接V15发射极串联电阻R14,另一端接V15基极。R1、R3分别并接在V14、V15集电极与基极之间。V5与R2串联、V6与R4串联后分别并接在V14、V15基极与发射极串联电阻R13、R14之间。R5与C8并联后并接在V14的集电极与发射极串联电阻R13之间。V7跨接在V14的集电极与发射极串联电阻R13之间,V8跨接在V15的集电极与发射极串联电阻R14之间。
保护部分:R9串联在V15发射极串联电阻R14与整流桥1V3、V4的正极之间。R6与C9串联后与R9并联,R6与C9连接点接二极管V9的正极,其负极接V16的触发极。R7与C12并联后跨接在V16的触发极和阴极之间。R8一端与V12负极串联,V12的正极接V14的基极,R8另一端接整流桥2的V10、V11负极。V12的负极接可控硅V16的阳极。
低压启动部分:R11与V13正极串联,V13负极接双向可控硅V17的触发极,电阻R11的另一端接二极管V10的负极,V10的负极与电容C15串联,V10的正极接L1与整流桥的连接点,C15的另一端接L2与整流桥的连接点。R12与C13并联后跨接V17阴极与V13正极之间。R13与C14并联后,一端接可控硅V17的阴极,另一端接V17的触发极。V17与电阻R14并联后,阳极接电源地线,阴极接L2的一端。
图(1)是该发明的全部部件的连接图。
本发明的原理
1、电路设计原理:电感L0、L1、L2(L1、L2是并绕在同一磁芯上的两个绕组)电容C0、C1、C2及整流桥1组成了整流滤波部分,既抑制了外电网来的干扰,又阻止了电子镇流器对电网的干扰。这一点无须多说。我的发明是利用储能器件电感L0与电容C2、C4通过整流桥1、开关管V14、V15,将50HZ交流电能转换成30~40KHZ交流电能,供给输出负载Rp。在这一转换过程中,打破了传统的设计方法,即交流滤波、整流、直流滤波,而后由各种振荡器把直流电能转换成高频交流电能供给负载。每一器件只起单一作用,没有充分发挥各器件的内在能力。比如一个40瓦的电子镇流器,L0一般为10mH×2,只起交流滤波作用,电容C2一般为47~100μf/450V的大电解电容,只起直流滤波作用,电容C4一般为0.047~0.22μf/600V的非电解电容,只起隔直作用。本发明L0、C4在完成上述作用的同时,还发挥了储能、相移等作用,因此C4用1~4μf/400V。L0用10-50mH,不仅是滤波、隔直,也起储能、相移的作用。正是这一点,使原直流滤波电容C2由原47~100μf/450V的大电解质电容改为2200-6800Pf/400V非电解质电容,并将原脉冲电流变为近似正弦波电流,功率因数也由原0.6左右提高到0.95以上。这一设计思想是基于下面的f1与E0无关,或E0的变化对f1影响不大的原理。
本电路是一种自偏压自激式振荡器。振荡频率为f1= 1/(tn) ,tn为脉冲宽度。且
……(1)
其中n= (Ln1)/(Ln3) = (Ln2)/(Ln3)
E0为直流电源电压,Vces、Vbes、β分别为V14和V15的集电极、基极饱和压降、电流放大倍数,Rp为荧光灯管的等效阻抗。
对一个确定了的实际电路,n、R14、Rp、β、Vces、Vbes等参数是一个定值。因此
tn=A· (Ec-B)/(Ec-C) -D……(2)
其中A= (Lm1)/(R14) · (β-n)/(β+1)
由于晶体三极管Vces、Vbes的量值很小,所以
tn=A-D=E(常数)……(3)
这就是说振荡频率与直流电压无关,这样电源滤波电容C2可取得很小。当f1为30~40KHZ时,一般取2200Pf~6800Pf/400V非电解质电容就可维持5~40瓦电子镇流器中振荡器的正常工作。其振荡波形如图(2)所示。因为C4取值较大,其电压包络线均在0伏以上(或说成是正的)。由于整流桥1的作用,使其不能进入电源,抑制了对电网的干扰。
在完成原理性分析之后,就电流波形的进一步改善问题着重说明几个重要元器件的作用。电容C2当它由小变大时,电流波形的上升沿逐渐陡突,其峰的幅值越来越大。对5-40W×2荧光灯来说,C2取值2200~6800Pf为宜。电感L0既是电源滤波电感,又是供电的重要器件,通过它又实现了功率因数的补偿。当L0由小变大时,电流波形后沿变得越来越陡突。对5-40W×2荧光灯来说,L0取值10~50mH为宜。10mH时,电流波形较好,(三次谐波<7%),但功率因数偏低(0.85以上)。50mH时功率因数近于1,但电流波形后沿变得陡突一点(三次谐波<10%),如图(3)。电容C4本是电路的隔直电容,但在该电子镇流器中它又是供给电能的一部分。特别是当电源电压低于正常电压时,电容C4的量值要大到使振荡器不反复启动或停振。对5~40W×2荧光灯,C4取值0.68~4μf为宜。
C10与Rp并联后与L3串联的等效阻抗是振荡器的输出负载,要使振荡器易于启振或不停振,输出回路的谐振频率f2<f1。由于L3已由输出功率决定,C10的量值必须>1/2(πf1)2L3。
对于5~40瓦荧光灯,除L3、C10和C4根据功率改变之外,其它器件完全一样。从而使电子镇流器的生产极为方便。除L3、C10和C4之外组成一个基础件,将L3、C10和C4组成一个功率件。基础件与某一功率件接插起来,就成某一功率荧光灯的电子镇流器。
2、电子镇流器可靠性的保证。
电子镇流器的可靠性也是电子镇流器推广使用中的一大难题。可靠性差原因有:一是电解质电容的老化干涸和热暴;二是晶体管的二次击穿(热暴);三是异常状态下的损坏。由于本发明中振荡器自给偏压电路中的电容C6、C7采取0.68~1.5μf的非电解质电容。整个电子镇流器中就无电解质电容,从根本上消除可靠性中的第一个因素。晶体管二次击穿可通过如“90225634.3-6”号专利(是本发明人的专利)的方法解决,即使电子镇流器在低压下启动。本发明将这一保护电路由直流输出端移至交流输入端,并通过0.4秒的延时产生一正电压来打开双向可控硅V17,确保振荡器起振之后,可控硅V17才导通。因此振荡器起振时的交流供电电压V1=V0-R14I0,低于交流电源电压V0,起振时电流I0越大,V1越低,从而有效地保护了晶体管,解决了晶体管开启时二次击穿的问题。这一保护措施对电压波动比较大的地区使用的电子镇流器就尤为重要。为了解决异常状态下的保护,采样电阻Rq串联在直流电源电路中,无论由什么原因而造成的直流回路中电流过大(如无汞、无电子粉、过载、短路等异常现象),都会通过电阻R6、二极管Vq使可控硅V16导通,从而使振荡器停振,中止其输出。这三项措施使电子镇流器可在环境温度-20~45℃,电源电压160~250伏范围内安全启动和可靠的连续工作。
图(1)是本发明的实施例。
Claims (5)
1、一种用于荧光灯的电子镇流器装置,它由外壳及装在其内的电源整流滤波部分、振荡输出部分和保护部分(包括低压启动)组成,其特征在于f与E0无关,C2可选择很小,其量值为2200~6800Pf/400V的非电解电容。
2、根据权利要求1所述,该装置电源整流滤波部分是利用储能器件L0、C2、C4通过整流桥1、开关管V14、V15完成50HZ交流电能转为30-40KHZ交流电能,其特征在于L0取值10~50mH,C2取值2200~6800Pf/400V,C4取值1-4μf/400V。
3、依据权利要求1所述,该装置振荡输出部分是自偏压自激式振荡器,其特征在于自偏压电容C6、C7取值0.68~1.5μf的非电解质电容。
4、依据权利要求1所述,该装置的保护部分,其特征在于采样电阻R9与振荡输出部分串联后接入直流电源E0,无论过流、过载、短路等异常现象出现,振荡器均停振,中止输出。
5、依据权利要求1所述,该装置的低压启动部分,其特征在于电阻R14与V17并联后,串接在交流电源的输入端。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN91108951A CN1020536C (zh) | 1991-09-18 | 1991-09-18 | 电子镇流器 |
CA002067320A CA2067320A1 (en) | 1991-09-18 | 1992-04-27 | Power supply unit for discharge lamps |
DE69227428T DE69227428T2 (de) | 1991-09-18 | 1992-05-11 | Versorgungsschaltung für Entladungslampen |
EP92107883A EP0532832B1 (en) | 1991-09-18 | 1992-05-11 | A power supply unit for discharge lamps |
US07/881,937 US5311102A (en) | 1991-09-18 | 1992-05-12 | Power supply unit for discharge lamps |
JP4150478A JPH05174986A (ja) | 1991-09-18 | 1992-06-10 | 放電ランプのための電源ユニット |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN91108951A CN1020536C (zh) | 1991-09-18 | 1991-09-18 | 电子镇流器 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1059065A true CN1059065A (zh) | 1992-02-26 |
CN1020536C CN1020536C (zh) | 1993-05-05 |
Family
ID=4909553
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN91108951A Expired - Fee Related CN1020536C (zh) | 1991-09-18 | 1991-09-18 | 电子镇流器 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5311102A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0532832B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH05174986A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1020536C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2067320A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69227428T2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5440475A (en) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-08-08 | Energy Savings, Inc. | Electronic Ballast with low harmonic distortion |
TW307980B (zh) * | 1994-04-28 | 1997-06-11 | Toshiba Light Technic Kk | |
DE19709545A1 (de) * | 1997-03-07 | 1998-09-10 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Schaltsteuerung einer Betriebsschaltung |
US6111368A (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 2000-08-29 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | System for preventing oscillations in a fluorescent lamp ballast |
US7443105B2 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-10-28 | American Electric Cord, Inc. | Ballast circuit for gas discharge lamps |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH572863A5 (zh) * | 1974-06-24 | 1976-02-27 | Inventio Ag | |
US4560908A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1985-12-24 | North American Philips Corporation | High-frequency oscillator-inverter ballast circuit for discharge lamps |
SE444496B (sv) * | 1984-08-02 | 1986-04-14 | Innocap Ab | Kopplingsanordning for drivning av gasurladdningsror |
DE3623749A1 (de) * | 1986-07-14 | 1988-01-21 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb von niederdruckentladungslampen |
NL8800015A (nl) * | 1988-01-06 | 1989-08-01 | Philips Nv | Elektrische inrichting voor het ontsteken en voeden van een gasontladingslamp. |
US4930061A (en) * | 1989-04-07 | 1990-05-29 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Method and network for enhancing power factor of off-line switching circuit |
GB8908544D0 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1989-06-01 | Emi Plc Thorn | Ballast circuits for discharge lamps |
-
1991
- 1991-09-18 CN CN91108951A patent/CN1020536C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-04-27 CA CA002067320A patent/CA2067320A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-05-11 EP EP92107883A patent/EP0532832B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-11 DE DE69227428T patent/DE69227428T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-12 US US07/881,937 patent/US5311102A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-10 JP JP4150478A patent/JPH05174986A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH05174986A (ja) | 1993-07-13 |
DE69227428T2 (de) | 1999-06-10 |
CN1020536C (zh) | 1993-05-05 |
US5311102A (en) | 1994-05-10 |
CA2067320A1 (en) | 1993-03-19 |
EP0532832A1 (en) | 1993-03-24 |
DE69227428D1 (de) | 1998-12-03 |
EP0532832B1 (en) | 1998-10-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5223767A (en) | Low harmonic compact fluorescent lamp ballast | |
US6417631B1 (en) | Integrated bridge inverter circuit for discharge lighting | |
JP2003520407A (ja) | 多ランプ動作用の電力帰還力率修正方式 | |
JP2690382B2 (ja) | 蛍光ランプ用の電子式補助装置 | |
JP2001523389A (ja) | トライアック可調光バラスト | |
EP1060643A1 (en) | Electronic lamp ballast | |
CN1059065A (zh) | 电子镇流器 | |
US5013974A (en) | Electronic ballast with improved lamp current crest factor | |
US5371438A (en) | Energy conversion device having an electronic converter with DC input terminal for delivering a high frequency signal | |
CN2107117U (zh) | 电子镇流器 | |
CN201758480U (zh) | 一种具有过压钳位保护功能的电子镇流器 | |
CN2273480Y (zh) | 一种高强度气体放电灯的电子镇流器 | |
CN2514619Y (zh) | 一种荧光灯电子镇流器 | |
CN2369454Y (zh) | 具无磁环镇流器的节能灯 | |
CN2195179Y (zh) | 混合谐振式电子镇流器 | |
JP3252394B2 (ja) | インバータ装置 | |
JPH02202365A (ja) | 電源装置 | |
CN1047715C (zh) | 集成电路低谐波多管镇流器 | |
CN2455039Y (zh) | 一种高频双泵式电子镇流器 | |
CN2622985Y (zh) | 高强度气体放电灯用电子镇流器 | |
CN2131271Y (zh) | 电子镇流器 | |
CN2165609Y (zh) | 具有有源补偿网络的电子镇流器 | |
CN2140130Y (zh) | 荧光灯用高频电子镇流器 | |
CN2215169Y (zh) | 集成电路低谐波多管镇流器 | |
CN2290967Y (zh) | 电子镇流器 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C57 | Notification of unclear or unknown address | ||
DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: Du Rongjiu Document name: payment instructions |
|
C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
OR01 | Other related matters | ||
C57 | Notification of unclear or unknown address | ||
DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: Du Rongjiu Document name: Notification of Termination of Patent Right |
|
C57 | Notification of unclear or unknown address | ||
DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: Du Rongjiu Document name: Notice of extension of patent right |
|
C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |