CN105902638A - 一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方 - Google Patents
一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方。其由以下重量配比的中草药制备而成：牛至2份、荔枝草2份、青藤2份、夏至草1份、斑种草1份；一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：1、将牛至2份、荔枝草2份、青藤2份、夏至草1份、斑种草1份研磨制成散剂后，加10倍蒸馏水于圆底烧瓶中；2、浸泡1小时后加热回流1小时，趁热用纱布过滤；3、药渣再分别加8倍水和6倍水加热回流1小时；4、合并三次滤液，减压浓缩成生药浓度为1g/mL的药液，再给仔猪使用。本发明具有明显的抗炎作用，阻抑炎症通路，下调炎症因子，有效治疗链球菌引起的菌血症和败血症。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的是兽药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方。
背景技术
猪链球菌对大多数的抗菌药物敏感，但不同地区的菌株敏感性有差异。临床疑诊时，一旦作了细菌培养就应经验选择有效抗菌药物进行治疗，随后再根据药物敏感性试验调整。目前抗菌效果好的抗菌药物主要有青霉素G、氨苄青霉素、氯霉素、第三、四代头孢菌素如头孢噻肟、头孢曲松钠、头孢他定及新一代氟喹诺酮类抗生素。
应用中药调节机体免疫功能和防治传染病在我国已有数千年的历史，并以确切的疗效和较低的毒副残留及抗药性而广受欢迎。我国拥有丰富的中草药资源，应加速对其的研究与开发，打造具有中国特色的品牌。对解决长期困扰畜牧业发展的抗生素残留问题，发展绿色畜牧业，满足人们对食品安全的需求，增强我国畜产品在国际市场的竞争力，具有重要的经济意义和社会效益。
牛至又名止痢草、土香薷、小叶薄荷，为唇形科牛至属多年生草本植物。主要分布于地中海地区至中亚、北非、北美及我国大部分地区，生于海拔500－3600m的山坡、路旁、灌丛、草地、林下。牛至味辛、性凉、无毒，全草可入药，具有清热解表、理气化湿倒尿消肿之功效。临床用于预防流感治疗黄疽、中暑、发热、呕吐、急性胃肠炎、腹痛等症，其散寒解表功用胜于薄荷。美国农业部的“植物化学和植物物种学”背景资料表明，牛至含有30多种抗菌化合物，是一种潜在的天然抗生素和药物生长促进剂。
荔枝草是一年生或二年生直立草本植物，高15～90cm。多分枝。主根肥厚，向下直伸，有多数须根。清热，解毒，凉血，利尿。用于咽喉肿痛、支气管炎、肾炎水肿、痈肿；外治乳腺炎、痔疮肿痛、出血。荔枝草又名蛤蟆草，癞蛤蟆草，雪见草，入药用选取冬季或是春季嫩草，药效更好。夏季荔枝草生苔没则药效大打折扣，故选取冬春季没生苔干的嫩草入药。
青藤，秋末冬初采割，扎把或切长段，晒干。具有祛风湿，通经络，利小便之功效。用于风湿痹痛，关节肿胀，麻痹瘙痒。
夏至草，现代药理学研究证实其在改善血液和淋巴微循环障碍，心肌保护、抗炎、抗氧化等方面具有确切的药理作用。研究发现，从夏至草中分离得到的半日花烷型二萜类化合物如夏至草素具有多种生物活性，如松弛血管，心脏保护和解痉镇痛等。这些生物活性与夏至草传统的活血化瘀、消炎功效相一致。
斑种草，药用部位为斑种草的全草。全草(蛤蟆草)：微苦，凉。解毒消肿，利湿止痒。用于痔疮，肛门肿痛，湿疹。
然而，本发明作者通过大量实验发现牛至、荔枝草、青藤、夏至草、斑种草联用具有防治猪链球菌病和提高机体免疫功能的作用，现有技术中没有公开过该中药复方具有防治猪链球菌病和提高机体免疫功能的作用。
综上所述，现发明一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方。
发明内容
针对现有技术上存在的不足，本发明目的是在于提供一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方，该中药复方具有明显的抗炎作用，阻抑炎症通路，下调炎症因子，有效治疗链球菌引起的菌血症和败血症。
为了实现上述目的，本发明是通过如下的技术方案来实现：一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方，其由以下重量配比的中草药制备而成：牛至2份、荔枝草2份、青藤2份、夏至草1份、斑种草1份。
一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：1、将牛至2份、荔枝草2份、青藤2份、夏至草1份、斑种草1份研磨制成散剂后，加10倍蒸馏水于圆底烧瓶中；2、浸泡1小时后加热回流1小时，趁热用纱布过滤；3、药渣再分别加8倍水和6倍水加热回流1小时；4、合并三次滤液，减压浓缩成生药浓度为1g/mL的药液，再给仔猪使用。
作为优选，一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方，其由以下重量配比的中草药制备而成：牛至20克、荔枝草20克、青藤20克、夏至草10克、斑种草10克。
本发明的有益效果：能有效提高动物免疫球蛋白水平，降低发病率，抗炎，促进动物的生长发育，全面增强动物免疫功能和防御疾病的能力，克服了疫苗、化药、抗生素的毒副作用与食品安全隐患，研发前景乐观，临床应用广阔。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
本具体实施方式采用以下技术方案：一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方，其由以下重量配比的中草药制备而成：牛至2份、荔枝草2份、青藤2份、夏至草1份、斑种草1份。
一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：1、将牛至2份、荔枝草2份、青藤2份、夏至草1份、斑种草1份研磨制成散剂后，加10倍蒸馏水于圆底烧瓶中；2、浸泡1小时后加热回流1小时，趁热用纱布过滤；3、药渣再分别加8倍水和6倍水加热回流1小时；4、合并三次滤液，减压浓缩成生药浓度为1g/mL的药液，再给仔猪使用。
实施例1：普泽大药房购得按质量比2:2:2:1:1制成散剂后，加10倍蒸馏水于圆底烧瓶中，浸泡1h后加热回流1h，趁热用纱布过滤。药渣再分别加8倍水和6倍水加热回流1h。合并3次滤液，减压浓缩成生药浓度为1g/mL的药液，进行仔猪体内试验。
50头健康普通级“杜×大×长”三元杂交断奶仔猪，70日龄，适应环境后随机分为5组，每组10头，公母各半。链球菌组和治疗组以107CFU/mL的链球菌SS2-1株攻毒，每头耳缘静脉注射1.0mL 1次，然后隔离饲养1周。于试验的第二周第1天治疗组和药物对照组颈部肌肉注射该中药复方液每天1次。每次2.0mL，持续1周。空白组和链球菌组不颈部肌肉注射该中药复方液。试验总周期2周。
试验最后1天仔猪清晨空腹前腔静脉采血，外周血稀释涂THB板计数以评估外周血中的活菌数，酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果发现，链球菌组的细菌量为6.2CFU/mL/(log10)，治疗组的细菌量为3.9CFU/mL/(log10)，两者差异极显著，空白组和药物对照组的细菌量均未检测到。链球菌组的血清SOD含量为8.13ng/mL，预防组的SOD含量为10.04ng/mL，两者差异显著，空白组的SOD含量为9.90ng/mL，药物对照组的SOD含量为10.88ng/mL。实验表明，该中药方剂能显著降低机体内的细菌含量，抑制菌血症的产生，具有明显的特异性抗链球菌作用。SOD水平可反应出机体细胞受自由基攻击的严重程度和机体清除自由基的能力，该中药复方可以减少过氧化作用的发生，通过抑制肌肉的脂质氧化，参与调控胴体品质和肉质风味。
试验最后1天仔猪清晨空腹前腔静脉采血，酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中TNFα、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8的水平。结果发现，链球菌组的TNFα水平为43.41pg/mL，预防组的TNFα水平为30.64pg/mL，两者差异极显著，空白组的TNFα水平为29.21pg/mL，药物对照组的TNFα水平为26.89pg/mL。链球菌组的IL-1β水平为66.56pg/mL，预防组的IL-1β水平为46.77pg/mL，两者差异极显著，空白组的IL-1β水平为47.29pg/mL，药物对照组的IL-1β水平为45.16pg/mL。TNF-α在炎症和细胞凋亡过程中起至关重要的作用，还可以引起发热、低血压、乳酸酸中毒和不可逆性休克。IL-1β参与机体的炎症反应和免疫防御、造血功能调节及包括几乎所有器官系统在内的自体平衡机制。实验表明，该中药复方可以大幅下调动物的TNF-α和IL-1β水平，从而起到降低体温，改善呼吸，保护内脏结构完整与功能正常，预防休克等功效。
链球菌组的IL-6水平为74.05pg/mL，预防组的IL-6水平为47.17pg/mL，两者差异极显著，空白组的IL-6水平为41.38pg/mL，药物对照组的IL-6水平为50.26pg/mL。链球菌组的IL-8水平为101.76pg/mL，预防组的IL-8水平为63.64pg/mL，两者差异极显著，空白组的IL-8水平为54.08pg/mL，药物对照组的IL-8水平为56.15pg/mL。IL-6不仅激活中性粒细胞，还能延迟吞噬细胞对衰老和丧失功能的中性粒细胞的吞噬，从而加剧了炎症介质的产生。IL-8能与感染过程中多形核中性粒细胞(polymorphonuclear leucocyte，PMN)表面特异性受体结合，导致细胞变形反应、脱颗粒反应、呼吸爆发，释放溶酶体和超氧阴离子，从而促进炎症反应。实验表明，该中药复方可以大幅下调动物的IL-6水平，从而改善机体微循环功能紊乱，毛细血管破裂渗漏和组织损伤。该中药复方可以大幅下调动物的IL-8水平，从而降低机体菌血症导致的SIRS和MODS综合症，最终降低病死率。
试验最后1天仔猪清晨空腹前腔静脉采血，酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中IL-4和IL-10的水平。结果发现，链球菌组的IL-4含量为81.39pg/mL，预防组的IL-4含量为118.07pg/mL，两者差异极显著，空白组的IL-4含量为78.12pg/mL，药物对照组的IL-4含量为80.01pg/mL。链球菌组的血清IL-10含量为125.20pg/mL，预防组的IL-10含量为162.34pg/mL，两者差异显著，空白组的IL-10含量为130.91pg/mL，药物对照组的IL-10含量为122.38pg/mL。体内、体外均证实IL-4可以抑制IL-1、IL-6和TNF分泌，并促进IL-1ra产生。IL-10是一种抗炎性因子，发挥下调炎症反应，拮抗炎性介质的作用。实验表明，该中药方剂能显著上调机体血清中IL-4和IL-10水平，证明该中药复方具有明显的抗炎作用，阻抑炎症通路，下调炎症因子，有效治疗链球菌引起的菌血症和败血症。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (3)
1.一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方，其特征在于，其由以下重量配比的中草药制备而成：牛至2份、荔枝草2份、青藤2份、夏至草1份、斑种草1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方，其特征在于，一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方，其由以下重量配比的中草药制备而成：牛至20克、荔枝草20克、青藤20克、夏至草10克、斑种草10克。
3.一种防治猪链球菌病的中草药复方的制备方法，其特征在于，其包括以下步骤：(1)、将牛至2份、荔枝草2份、青藤2份、夏至草1份、斑种草1份研磨制成散剂后，加10倍蒸馏水于圆底烧瓶中；(2)、浸泡1小时后加热回流1小时，趁热用纱布过滤；(3)、药渣再分别加8倍水和6倍水加热回流1小时；(4)、合并三次滤液，减压浓缩成生药浓度为1g/mL的药液，再给仔猪使用。
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Application publication date: 20160831 |