CN105895555A - 用于加工衬底的设备 - Google Patents

用于加工衬底的设备 Download PDF

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CN105895555A
CN105895555A CN201610082140.7A CN201610082140A CN105895555A CN 105895555 A CN105895555 A CN 105895555A CN 201610082140 A CN201610082140 A CN 201610082140A CN 105895555 A CN105895555 A CN 105895555A
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equipment
substrate
vacuum chamber
laser
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F·赖兴巴赫
J·弗莱
M·阿梅特沃布拉
P·卡佩
J·巴茨
J·赖因穆特
J·阿姆托尔
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Abstract

一种用于加工衬底的设备(100),所述设备具有:-至少一个真空腔室(10),在所述至少一个真空腔室中能够调节限定的气压;-用于加热所述衬底的加热装置;以及-布置在所述真空腔室(10)之外的激光器装置(20),其中,所述激光器装置(20)相对于所述衬底可运动,其中,借助所述激光器装置(20)能够通过熔化衬底材料封闭布置在所述真空腔室(10)中的衬底的至少一个空腔。

Description

用于加工衬底的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于加工衬底的设备。
背景技术
在现有技术中已知激光加工设置,其中在加工期间借助期望的气体在开放的系统中冲洗待加工的衬底。借助气体的冲洗可以用于衬底的冷却或过程产品的运走。
DE 42 38 826 C1公开了一种用于借助双腔室系统照射衬底的设备,其中硅衬底在超高真空下退火。在此,激光源布置在所述设备之外,待加工的硅衬底位于第一真空腔室中,可运动的用于改变激光辐射相对于硅衬底的位置的镜位于第二真空腔室中。激光辐射经过两个窗从外部到达布置在第一真空腔室中的硅衬底。
对于薄膜晶体管(TFT)的制造已知激光熔化的应用。在TFT中,多晶硅构成活性层,所述活性层通过非晶形的硅层的加热和晶化构造作为原始材料。由于玻璃作为具有低熔点的衬底材料的使用,优选具有衬底的低的温度负荷的方法、例如激光熔化。
在US 6 797 651 B2中描述了用于激光熔化硅以制造具有平滑表面的多晶硅层的方法和设备。为此,激光熔化在真空腔室中在1.3×103Pa与1.3Pa之间的压力下实施。由此,能够产生具有小的表面粗糙度的多晶硅层。在所述设备中,将经聚焦的激光通过腔室窗朝腔室内的对象定向。所述腔室包含惰性气体输送装置、用于真空产生的泵以及用于调节所述压力范围的压力控制装置。从氮气(N2)、氩气和氖气的组中选择所使用的惰性气体。
发明内容
本发明的任务是,提供一种用于加工衬底的改进的设备。
根据第一方面,所述任务借助用于加工衬底的设备来解决,所述设备具有:
-至少一个真空腔室,在所述至少一个真空腔室中可以调节限定的气压;
-用于加热衬底的加热装置;以及
-布置在所述真空腔室之外的激光器装置,其中所述激光器装置相对于衬底可运动,其中借助所述激光器装置通过熔化衬底材料可以封闭可布置在所述真空腔室中的衬底的至少一个空腔。
通过这种方式提供由可加热的真空过程腔室与激光加工装置的组合,借此能够实现在精确限定的周围环境压力下密封地封闭衬底中的通道开口。由此,可以制造具有精确限定的空腔内压的MEMS元件。
所述设备的有利扩展方案是从属权利要求的主题。
所述设备的一种有利扩展方案的特征在于,加热装置布置在真空腔室中。通过这种方式可以提供由真空腔室与加热装置的空间节省的组合。
所述设备的另一有利扩展方案的特征在于,所述加热装置布置在分开的加热腔室中。通过这种方式可以提供更多的加热功率,其中由此必要时可以加热更大数量的衬底。
所述设备的另一有利扩展方案的特征在于,借助加热装置可以同时加热一个或多个衬底。通过这种方式能够实现衬底的有效率且省时的加工。
所述设备的另一有利扩展方案的特征在于,所述设备还具有用于保持衬底的保持装置。通过这种方式可以实现所述衬底相对于激光器装置高的调整精确度和定位精确度。
所述设备的其他有利的扩展方案的特征在于,保持装置构造为机械保持装置、真空保持装置或静电保持装置。通过这种方式,给所述保持装置提供不同的技术可能性,借助所述可能性可以实现用于衬底的不同固定方案。
所述设备的另一有利扩展方案设置,激光器装置构造为在近红外范围中的激光器。由此,提供用于衬底材料的激光熔化以封闭空腔中的通道开口的有效率的可能性。
所述设备的其他有利的扩展方案设置,激光器装置构型为脉冲激光器或连续激光器。由此,封闭MEMS元件的空腔的方法可以有利地借助不同类型的激光器实施。
所述设备的另一有利扩展方案的特征在于,激光器装置的波长范围优选位于约1000nm与约1100nm之间、更优选位于约1060nm与约1080nm之间。
所述设备的另一有利扩展方案的特征在于,所述设备还具有用于冷却衬底的冷却装置。由此,可以实现衬底的为了激光加工优化的限定的温度。由此,能够实现在不同的限定的温度中空腔的封闭。
所述设备的另一有利扩展方案的特征在于,所述设备还具有转移装置,借助所述转移装置衬底可以在不同的装置之间转移。由此,支持衬底在所述设备的各个装置和腔室之间的自动化的地点的转移,由此支持MEMS元件由衬底的有效率的制造。
所述设备的另一有利扩展方案的特征在于,衬底材料是硅。
随后,借助其他特征和优点根据多个附图详细描述本发明。在此,所描述的所有特征构成本发明的主题,不依赖于其在说明书和附图中的表达,以及不依赖于其在权利要求书中的引用。相同或功能相同的元素具有相同的参考标记。
附图说明
附图示出:
图1:用于加工衬底的设备的横截图;
图2:用于加工衬底的另一设备的横截图;
图3:用于加工衬底的另一设备的横截图;
图4:用于加工衬底的另一设备的俯视图;以及
图5:用于加工衬底的方法的原理流程。
具体实施方式
微机械构件(MEMS元件)可以包括第一微机械传感器元件(例如旋转速率传感器)和第二微机械传感器元件(例如加速度传感器)。借助键合材料,罩元件能够以优选由硅构造的罩晶片的形式构成,所述罩元件与MEMS元件一起实现键合连接。在第一传感器元件上可以构造空腔,在所述空腔中包含限定的内压。为此,对于具有高品质的旋转速率传感器而言需要非常低的内压。
在第二传感器元件上也可以设置空腔,在所述空腔中包含限定的内压。两个所述传感器元件可以在共同的罩元件下在空间上彼此分开地布置并且通过这种方式方法实现具有旋转速率传感器和加速度传感器的成本有利的节省空间的微机械构件。
借助本发明提出一种设备,借助所述设备可以由衬底制造所述微机械构件中的一个。
图1示出用于加工衬底的设备100的第一实施方式的横截图,所述用于制造MEMS元件。所述设备100包括真空腔室10,所述真空腔室10具有光学的、与激光器装置20的波长协调的窗13,通过所述窗布置在外部的激光器装置20可以聚焦地入射到所述真空腔室10中并且因此引起衬底材料(例如硅、玻璃)的熔化,由此可以封闭到衬底的空腔中的通道开口。硅的熔化有利地在小于约100Pa的压力下实现。激光器装置20可以构造为在近红外范围中的脉冲激光器或连续激光器(CW-Laser)。
在所述真空腔室10中还设置有保持装置30,借助所述保持装置可以保持或固定衬底(未示出)。借助所述保持装置30还可以补偿衬底的扭曲(英语:waferbow)。所述保持装置30例如可以实现静电的、机械的或真空的夹持。对于衬底设置有第一定位装置31,以便相对于所述设备100的坐标系地调节衬底的位置和定向。
为此目的,所述衬底可以在x/y台(x/y-Tisch)上在静止的激光光学器件下方行进(verfahrbar)并且能够以在+/-10μm范围中的定位精确度并且更小地相对于激光器装置20定位。替代地,可以借助扫描光学器件(未示出)将激光器装置20的激光射束引导到衬底上。替代地,激光器装置20的激光射束也可以借助可行进的镜(未示出)在已固定的衬底上行进(“活动的光学器件”)。替代地,激光器装置20的激光射束相对于衬底的调节可以通过摄像机借助图像处理(未示出)实现。
为了在高的行进速度时同时较高的定位精确度,可以设置由x/y台或者旋转台和扫描光学器件的组合。
在真空腔室10中可以设置用于调节真空腔室10内的限定的压力的真空连接端11和气体连接端12。此外,真空腔室10可以包括真空闭锁装置14,所述真空闭锁装置能够实现真空腔室10的真空适合的装载和卸载。
为了加热衬底,可以借助加热装置(未示出)加热、优选在约100℃至约500℃的范围中并且优选调节保持装置30。借助可加热的保持装置30可以在激光封闭过程之前使衬底材料加热或干燥或蒸发。通过这种方式能够以限定的方式预处理所述衬底,因此在封闭之后可以好地保持限定的内压。为此目的也有利的是,给真空腔室10通风并且抽风(英语:pump-and-purge过程),因此通过这种方式支持衬底材料的改善的清洁过程。
为了封闭到空腔中的通道开口,地点限定地熔化微机械构件的硅。对于硅的熔化优选可以设置在近红外范围中的连续激光器(CW-Laser)。有利的是,为了在限定的大气压下封闭通道开口,使用具有波长约>500nm的IR激光器(红外激光器)。所述激光器的红外辐射尤其深地侵入硅衬底中并且由此能够实现通道开口的特别深的且可靠的封闭。
还有利的是,设置脉冲激光器作为激光器装置20,所述脉冲激光器具有小于约100μm的脉冲长度并且具有在脉冲时间和暂停时间上的小于60kw的平均功率,以便有利地尽可能小地保持MEMS结构的热负荷。
可选择地,所述设备100可以具有另一激光腔室(未示出),在所述另一激光腔室中,借助激光打孔(Laserbohren)产生至MEMS空腔的通道(未示出)。
图2示出用于加工衬底的设备100的另一变型方案。在这种情形中,激光器装置20包括用于激光器装置20的第二定位装置21,借助所述第二定位装置21可以将激光器装置20相对于衬底地定位在真空腔室10中。在这种情形中,不需要用于保持装置30的定位装置31。
还有利的是,在至少两个密封地分开的空腔中设置多于一个MEMS结构并且借助激光器装置20的激光脉冲封闭所述空腔中的至少一个。在所述空腔中可以调节不同的压力。在此,或者可以在第一空腔中通过键合方法来限定压力包含(Druckeinschluss)而在第二空腔中通过激光封闭过程来限定压力包含。替代地,可以分别通过激光封闭实现空腔中的不同内压。有利的方式是在两个分开的空腔中至少分别布置加速度传感器或旋转速率传感器或磁场传感器或压力传感器。
可选择地,对于所述设备100可以设置前置的分开的加热腔室50和MEMS构件在限定的大气压或真空条件下的运输。通过精确的压力调节和不同气体在真空腔室10上的连接可能性可以在具有不同的相互分离的空腔的MEMS芯片上调节不同的空腔内压和气体大气压。通过在封闭之前MEMS元件的能够借助所述分开的加热腔室50实现的附加加热可以进一步更好地避免在封闭之后通过排气引起的压力升高。
所述分开的加热腔室50的另一优点是,增大机器的整体吞吐量。通过腔室10、50与70之间的真空闭锁装置14可以分开地调节和调整腔室10、50和70的不同的过程要求(例如温度参数、时间参数、压力参数)。
图3示出这种变化的设备100的横截图。前置的分开的加热腔室50可以容纳一个或多个衬底,其中所述加热可以在真空下、在限定的大气压下或者通过抽气和通风循环(英语:pump and purge)实现。前置的加热腔室50同样可以具有用于调节加热腔室50内的限定的大气压的真空连接端11和气体连接端12。
加热腔室50尤其用于实现衬底的表面的有目的的排气,以便在温度的影响下并且借助过程气体去除衬底的表面的吸收物。这是需要的,以便在微机械构件的寿命上实现稳定的内压。在这种情形中,要保证在真空(或惰性气体)下衬底从加热腔室50至真空腔室10的转移。为此目的,设置附加的转移装置60。
可选择地,所述设备100可以具有冷却腔室70,以便将衬底在加热之后冷却到加工温度(英语:handling temperature)。借助冷却腔室70可以使衬底通过这种方式达到限定的温度,以便随后通过激光熔化封闭在真空腔室10中。
所述设施可以在存在多个腔室时具有自动化运行的转移装置60,其可以构造有用于在设备100的不同腔室之间转移衬底的衬底操作器(英语substrate handler)。
图4示出这种变化的设备100的俯视图。可以识别出中心布置的转移装置60,借助所述转移装置衬底可以移动到各个腔室10、50、70中并且在各个腔室10、50、70之间移动。在转移装置60与腔室10、50和70之间可以设置各一个真空闭锁装置17。
图5原理性地示出用于运行设备100的方法的流程。
在第一步骤200中,进行将衬底装载到真空腔室10中。
在步骤210中,实现真空腔室10内的真空的调节。
在步骤220中,实施衬底相对于激光器装置20的定向。
在步骤230中,实现MEMS元件的空腔的通道开口相对于激光器装置20的定位。
在步骤240中,实现衬底借助激光器装置20的加工,以便封闭衬底的空腔中的通道开口。
在步骤250中,进行衬底从所述设备100的真空腔室10的卸载。
步骤230和240必要时可以多次相继地实施,直至封闭衬底上的所有空腔,这通过向回指向的箭头说明。
显而易见的是,可以设想所述方法的多种变化,其中在各个腔室中根据要求适合地匹配单个加工步骤和所述加工步骤的顺序。
总而言之,借助本发明提供一种设备,借助所述设备能够有利地实现,通过到空腔中的通道开口的封闭借助激光射束提供MEMS元件的制造。通过这种方式,可以通过可加热的真空过程腔室与激光器的组合来实施所述构件的有效率的制造。
尽管以上已借助具体实施例公开了根据本发明的方法,但其不局限于此。本领域技术人员因此识别出,所述设备可以实现以上没有或仅仅部分公开的多种变化。因此,所述特征能够以适合的方式进行修改或相互组合,而不偏离本发明的核心。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于加工衬底的设备(100),所述设备具有:
至少一个真空腔室(10),在所述至少一个真空腔室中能够调节限定的气压;
用于加热所述衬底的加热装置;以及
布置在所述真空腔室(10)之外的激光器装置(20),其中,所述激光器装置(20)相对于所述衬底可运动,其中,借助所述激光器装置(20)通过衬底材料的熔化能够封闭布置在所述真空腔室(10)中的衬底的至少一个空腔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备(100),其特征在于,所述加热装置布置在所述真空腔室(10)中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备(100),其特征在于,所述加热装置布置在分开的加热腔室(50)中。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的设备(100),其特征在于,借助所述加热装置能够同时加热一个或多个衬底。
5.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的设备(100),所述设备还具有用于保持所述衬底的保持装置(30)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的设备(100),其特征在于,所述保持装置(30)构造为机械保持装置、真空保持装置或静电保持装置。
7.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的设备(100),其特征在于,所述激光器装置(20)构型为在近红外范围中的激光器。
8.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的设备(100),所述设备还具有用于冷却所述衬底的冷却装置(70)。
9.根据权利要求3至8中任一项所述的设备(100),所述设备还具有转移装置(60),借助所述转移装置(60)所述衬底能够在限定的大气压下在不同的装置(10,50,70)之间转移。
10.一种根据以上任一项权利要求中任一项所述的设备(100)的应用,用于从所述衬底制造微机械元件。
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