CN105887944A - 3D printing model pile and sand rain method test manufacturing device and application method thereof - Google Patents
3D printing model pile and sand rain method test manufacturing device and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105887944A CN105887944A CN201610289067.0A CN201610289067A CN105887944A CN 105887944 A CN105887944 A CN 105887944A CN 201610289067 A CN201610289067 A CN 201610289067A CN 105887944 A CN105887944 A CN 105887944A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing model pile and sand rain method test manufacturing device and an application method thereof. The device comprises a bearing table, a model tank, model pile printing equipment, sand method filling equipment and control equipment. The model pile printing equipment comprises a space displacement control assembly and a model pile material supply assembly. The sand method filling equipment comprises a sand spread operation assembly and a sand material supply assembly. The test manufacturing device and the application method thereof have the technical beneficial effects that the 3D printing technology is utilized for achieving accurate construction of a complex pile foundation model test and even and accurate filling of soil around piles, a complex variable-section pile foundation form can be achieved through casting, and pile groups, inclined piles, underground diaphragm walls and other structures can be accurately arranged in small space; and the device and the application method are closer to the situation of pile-soil contact faces in pile foundations cast in true fields. The sand filling operation of the sand rain method is achieved through the 3D printing technology, the relative compaction and evenness of the soil around the piles can be precisely controlled, and simulation of multiple layers of soil different in compaction is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 3D printing technique, be primarily adapted for use in the technical fields such as Geotechnical Engineering model test, especially
Relate to a kind of 3D printer model stake and sand rain method test producing device and using method thereof.
Background technology
Pile foundation scale (model) test is research pile foundation bearer properties, analyzes the most important means of interaction between pile and soil mechanism
One of;Can for relevant Design of Foundation, construct and offer reference frame be provided.Pile foundation scale (model) test technological means is also
Obtain being widely used of numerous scientific workers always, and achieve good effect;But, conventional scale (model) test
Middle material make and arrange and upper cannot be controlled accurately (such as, the uniformity of pile peripheral earth arrange, complexity pile-type
Model Pile complex manufacturing technology and time-consumingly length, Pile-soil contact face are easily affected in manufacturing process, complicated laying out pile
Form conventional method cannot be prepared not due to space), thus affect the precision of correlation model result of the test and can join
Examine value.
Before the present invention, " a kind of 3D prints physical similarity to the Chinese invention patent of Patent No. ZL201510374179.1
Analogue model laboratory table and application process ", disclose one and utilize 3D printing mechanism to carry out model laying, pressurization backactor
Structure carries out mineral products under physical simulation experimentation complex geological structure and adopts emotionally condition simulation;Application No.
Chinese invention application " the system of the prismatical joint Similar Material of Rockmass sample of application 3D printing technique of 201410744393.7
Preparation Method ", disclose the preparation method of a kind of prismatical joint Similar Material of Rockmass sample;Equal profit in both technical schemes
The Similar Material of Rockmass containing joint is formed for simulation material with 3D printing technique.Patent No. ZL201310697608.X
Chinese invention patent " the 3D Method of printing of a kind of building beam ", disclose a kind of combination cement-based material
3D prints building beam and the technical scheme of maintenance thereof;The Chinese invention of Patent No. ZL201410009382.4 is special
Profit " a kind of tower 3D printer and Method of printing thereof ", discloses a kind of combination crane machine, the 3D of cement-based material beats
The technical scheme of print building;Both technical schemes all combine cement-based material construction building thing and component thereof.But,
Existing technical scheme is both for simulating the coagulated material such as rock mass materials, cement-based material, and not yet has for prose style free from parallelism material
The technical scheme in uniformity formula face of material, is more not bound with discrete material and 3D printing that coagulated material makes simultaneously
Technology.
Therefore, make for current ordinary pile foundation model test material and not enough and defect present in stake, soil method for arranging;
In conjunction with 3D printing technique, for complicated pile foundation model test situation, exploitation is a kind of quickly, accurate to make and arranges, stake
The technical scheme that the accurate uniformity of Zhou Tuti is arranged, it appears particularly important.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency and defect, solves soil around pile present in ordinary pile foundation scale (model) test
Body fills uneven, especially near Model Pile, the Model Pile complex manufacturing technology of complicated pile-type and time-consuming long, Pile Soil
Contact surface is easily affected in manufacturing process, complicated Pile arrangement conventional method be owing to cannot prepare not in space
Problem, a kind of 3D printer model stake and sand rain method test producing device and using method thereof are proposed;Printed by 3D
Technology carries out pouring and precisely arranging of complex model stake, and to utilize 3D printing technique to be precisely controlled sand the closeest simultaneously
Solidity carries out sand rain method and fills pile peripheral earth.
Technical scheme: to achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of 3D printer model stake and the test of sand rain method to make
Device, including: bearing platform, model groove, Model Pile printing device, sand method fill equipment and control equipment;Described mould
Type groove is arranged on bearing platform, fills equipment offer platform for described Model Pile printing device, sand method;Described Model Pile
Printing device includes that space displacement controls assembly and Model Pile material provisioning component, and described space displacement controls assembly and includes:
Outer ring slide rail and Z11 slide rail, Z12 slide rail, X1 slide rail and mobile parts;Described outer ring slide rail is propped up by slide rail
Frame is fixed on bearing platform;Between outer ring slide rail and Z11 slide rail, between Z11 slide rail and X1 slide rail, X1 slide rail with
Connected by mobile parts respectively between Z12 slide rail;The Model Pile material provisioning component of described Model Pile printing device includes:
For holding material pond and shurry pump and the conveying pipeline connecting both of slip, described shurry pump is positioned at described Z12 slide rail
End, is provided with discharging opening below;Described mobile parts, shurry pump electrically connect with described control equipment respectively;Described
Sand method is filled equipment and is included stucco operating assembly and sand material provisioning component;Described stucco operating assembly includes: annular is sliding
Rail and Z21 slide rail, Z22 slide rail, X2 slide rail and mobile parts, described annular slide rail is fixed on by sliding rail rack
On bearing platform;Between annular slide rail and Z21 slide rail, between Z21 slide rail and X2 slide rail, X2 slide rail and Z22 slide rail
Between connected by mobile parts respectively;Described sand material provisioning component includes: sand pond and sand export and both connected
Sediment transport pipe;Sand export is positioned at the end of described Z22 slide rail.
Wherein, being provided with heater in described shurry pump, the temperature range controlling material is 10~50 DEG C.
Wherein, being provided with agitating device in described material pond, its power is 100~300W, and mixing speed is 360~720r/min.
Wherein, the material of described model groove and bearing platform is steel, lucite or safety glass, described annular slide rail
It is steel or aluminium alloy with the material of outer ring slide rail, sliding rail rack.
Further, the present invention also provides for a kind of 3D printer model stake and the using method of sand rain method test producing device, bag
Include following steps:
(1) three-dimensional graphics software is utilized to design a model the shape of stake, size and arrangement, and the stake of Model Pile
Zhou Tuti layering and relative compaction;
(2) predetermined pile material is placed in the material pond in described tunneling material provisioning component, by predetermined
Sand material is placed in the sand pond in described sand material provisioning component;
(3) according to test parameters and the three-dimensional stereo model of drafting, described material pond is adjusted relative with model groove with sand pond
Highly, regulating discharging and put sand speed, described Model Pile printing device starts printer model stake, and described sand method is filled and set
Standby beginning stucco.
Wherein, further comprising the steps of in the construction manufacturing process of step (3):
According to test requirements document during printing, embedding measurement components and parts in model groove;
By changing the distance away from sand face of the sand export in described sand material provisioning component in print procedure, to realize multilamellar
Soil.
Wherein, the shape of cross section of described Model Pile is circle, X-shaped, rectangle, Y shape, annular or Model Pile
For wedge pile.
Beneficial effect: compared with existing ordinary pile foundation model test manufacturing technology, the 3D printer model stake of the present invention and sand
Rain method test producing device and using method thereof utilize 3D printing technique can pour the variable cross-section pile foundation form of complexity, can
Precisely to arrange the constructions such as a clump of piles, raked pile and diaphram wall in little space.In work progress, as cementing
, in casting process, there is certain mutual penetration phenomenon in the model pile body of material and the pile peripheral earth as loose material,
More close with the Pile-soil contact face situation that real scene pours in pile foundation.Utilize 3D printing technique computerized equipment system
System realizes the back-up sand operation of sand rain method, it is ensured that the uniformity banketed, thus is accurately controlled the closeest of pile peripheral earth
Solidity.Simultaneously can also be according to height and the change of stucco speed, it is achieved the simulation of the multi-layered Soils of different degree of compactions.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stake of 3D printer model and the structural representation of sand rain method test producing device in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that in the present invention, the stake of 3D printer model and sand rain method test the layout schematic diagram of raked pile in producing device;
Fig. 3 is that in the present invention, the stake of 3D printer model and sand rain method test the layout schematic diagram of shaped pile in producing device;
Fig. 4 is that in the present invention, the stake of 3D printer model and sand rain method test the layout schematic diagram of a clump of piles in producing device;
Fig. 5 is to realize different soil making schematic diagram in the stake of 3D printer model and sand rain method test producing device in the present invention;
In figure: 1 is sand pond, 2 is sediment transport pipe, and 3 is valve, and 4 is model groove, and 5 is X1 slide rail, and 6 is sliding for Z11
Rail, 7 is Z12 slide rail, and 8 is Z22 slide rail, and 9 is X2 slide rail, and 10 is Z21 slide rail, and 11 is sand export, and 12 are
Shurry pump, 13 is discharging opening, and 14 is annular slide rail, and 15 is outer ring slide rail, and 16 is sliding rail rack, and 17 for mobile
Parts, 18 is material pond, and 19 is agitating device, and 20 is control equipment, and 21 is data wire, and 22 is Model Pile, and 23 are
Bearing platform, 24 is conveying pipeline.
Detailed description of the invention
The detailed description of the invention of patent of the present invention is described in detail, the protection domain of patent of the present invention not only below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
It is limited only to the description of present embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
3D printer model stake in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 and sand rain method test producing device, including bearing platform 23, model groove 4,
Model Pile printing device, sand method fill equipment and control equipment;Model groove 4 is arranged on bearing platform 23, Model Pile
Printing device includes that space displacement controls assembly and Model Pile material provisioning component, and sand method is filled equipment and included that stucco operates
Assembly and sand material provisioning component.
The space displacement of above-mentioned Model Pile printing device controls assembly and includes: outer ring slide rail 15 and Z11 slide rail 6, Z12
Slide rail 7, X1 slide rail 5 and mobile parts 17;Outer ring slide rail 15 is round rectangle frame, is positioned at outside bearing platform 23
Enclose, be fixed on bearing platform 23 by sliding rail rack 16;Between outer ring slide rail 15 and Z11 slide rail 6, Z11 is sliding
Between rail 6 and X1 slide rail 5, it is connected by mobile parts 17 respectively between X1 slide rail 5 with Z12 slide rail 7.Above-mentioned
Model Pile material provisioning component includes: material pond 18 and shurry pump 12 and the conveying pipeline 24 connecting both;Material pond 18 is used
In holding slip, being provided with agitating device 19 in it, agitating device 19 is by puddler, cross stirring-head and electric rotating
Machine forms;Shurry pump 12 is positioned at the end of Z12 slide rail 7, is provided with heater (not shown) in shurry pump 12,
Lower section is provided with discharging opening 13, the slip after exporting heating.
Above-mentioned stucco operating assembly includes: annular slide rail 14 and Z21 slide rail 10, Z22 slide rail 8, X2 slide rail 9 and
Mobile parts, annular slide rail 14 is round rectangle frame, is positioned at the periphery of bearing platform 23, solid by sliding rail rack 16
It is scheduled on bearing platform 23;Between annular slide rail 14 and Z21 slide rail 10, between Z21 slide rail 10 and X2 slide rail 9,
It is connected by mobile parts 17 respectively between X2 slide rail 9 with Z22 slide rail 8.Above-mentioned sand material provisioning component includes: sand pond
1 with sand export 11 and sediment transport pipe 2 that both are connected;Hold sand in sand pond 1, bottom it, be provided with valve 3, use
In controlling to shake out speed;Sand export 11 is positioned at the end of Z22 slide rail 8.
Above-mentioned mobile parts 17, agitating device 19, shurry pump 12 and valve 3 are by data wire 21 and control equipment 20
Electrical connection.Model Pile printing device and sand method are filled equipment and are controlled to work alone by controlling equipment 20, improve printing
Efficiency.
In the present embodiment, a length of 3m of bearing platform 23, a width of 2.5m, height are 1m, a length of 2m of model groove 4,
A width of 1.5m, height is 2m, a length of 2.5m of outer ring slide rail 15, a width of 2m, a diameter of 3mm, annular
All little than the length and width of outer ring slide rail 15 5cm of the length and width of slide rail 14, a diameter of 3mm;Corresponding size is not limited to this,
Can be according to EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN requirement, by long for model groove 4 being made as 2~3m, a width of 1.5~2m, height is 2~3m, weighs
A length of the 3 of platform 23~4m, a width of 2.5~3m, height are 1~1.5m, and the size of outer ring slide rail 15 is by model groove 4
Size determine, a length of 2.5~3.5m, a width of 2~2.5m, a diameter of 3~5mm, annular slide rail 14 a diameter of
3~5mm, its length is smaller in size than outer ring slide rail 15 corresponding size 5~15cm with wide.In the present embodiment, slide rail props up
The a length of 10cm of frame 16, its length can according to outer ring slide rail 15, annular slide rail 14 and the length of bearing platform 23,
Width is configured, its a diameter of 4~6mm, material can be steel or aluminium alloy.
The material of above-mentioned model groove 4 and bearing platform 23 can be steel or lucite or safety glass, annular slide rail
14 and the material of outer ring slide rail 15, sliding rail rack 16 can be steel or aluminium alloy.
The size of above-mentioned X1 slide rail 5 and X2 slide rail 9 determines according to the length of model groove, is shaped as linear type, length
Being 2~5m, a diameter of 3~5mm, material is steel or aluminium alloy.
The slip held in above-mentioned material pond 18 is cementing material, and its material is concrete, cement mortar, Calx or Gypsum Fibrosum;
Agitating device 19 in material pond 18 uninterruptedly stirs during making, it is ensured that the mobility of cementing material, its power is
100~300W, mixing speed is 360~720r/min;The feed inlet end a diameter of 0.3~0.5m in material pond 18, conveying mouth end
A diameter of 4 points~1 cun, cylindrical end height is 0.1~0.3m, and round platform end height is 0.1~0.2m;Shurry pump 12 heats
It is 10~50 DEG C that device controls the temperature range of material.
The a diameter of 0.3m of this example feed inlet end, a diameter of 4 points of sediment transport mouth end, cylindrical end height is 0.1m, round platform end
It is highly 0.1m;Valve 3 can control the speed of shaking out of sand, and the speed of shaking out of this example is 0.05m3/h;Sediment transport pipe 2
A diameter of 4 points;Sand export 11 generally circular in shape, sand export mesh aperture is 1mm, and discharging or speed of shaking out are
0.05m3/ h, material pond 18 is higher than model groove 0.5m with position, sand pond 1.
Corresponding size is not limited to this, as long as meeting: the feed inlet end a diameter of 0.3~0.5m in sand pond 1, sediment transport mouth end is straight
Footpath is 4 points~1 cun, and cylindrical end height is 0.1~0.3m, and round platform end height is 0.1~0.2m;Utilize shaking out of valve 3
Speed is 0.05~0.1m3/ h is the most feasible;The diameter of sediment transport pipe 2 can determine according to material pond conveying mouth end or sediment transport mouth end diameter,
A size of 4 points~1 cun;And the shape of sand export 11 may also be configured to flat or circle, sand export mesh aperture
Be 1~4mm, controlled make material or speed of shaking out be 0.05~0.1m3/h.Material pond 18 and position, sand pond 1 are higher than model groove
0.1~1m.
The sand held in sand pond 1 can be Fujian standard sand, be alternatively area natural river sand, the particle diameter of sand can be fine sand,
Medium sand or coarse sand, the grating of sand may select good or bad.
Embodiment 2:
The 3D printer model stake in embodiment 1 and sand rain method test producing device is utilized to carry out the printing of test model, bag
Include following steps:
(1) determine the structure of model, determine the material of each component in model: utilize AutoCAD, 3Dmax, ProE,
UG or Solidworks three-dimensional graphics software, stake 22 shape that designs a model is layered closely knit with relative with size, pile peripheral earth
Degree and the Model Pile 22 position in pile peripheral earth;The shape of cross section of Model Pile 22 can be Fig. 1, figure
Circle shown in 2, it is also possible to for the X-shaped shown in Fig. 3, rectangle or wedge pile, and Y shape or annular,
Can be designed according to concrete test needs.The stake of Model Pile 22 is long may be designed as 300~950mm;If cross section
Circle then its diameter can be designed as 15~35mm;If cross section rectangle then its length of side can be designed as 15~35mm;
If cross section X-shaped or Y shape then its outsourcing circular diameter can be designed as 15~35mm, open arc angle is 90~120 °,
Annular external diameter is 10~35mm, wall thickness is 5~7mm;If wedge pile then its upper diameter may be designed as 15~35mm,
Lower diameter is 10~30mm.Utilizing sand rain method to control relative compaction is 30~80%, can arrange not at diverse location
With the sand of relative compaction to simulate multi-layered Soils situation.
Model Pile 22 can use single pile body, it is also possible to be two and more than, as shown in Figure 4 a clump of piles;Pile body
Between can use raked pile as shown in Figure 2, it would however also be possible to employ varying cross-section as shown in Figure 3.
(2) get the raw materials ready: slip is loaded material pond 18, sand is loaded sand pond 1, open the agitating device 19 in material pond 18, speed
Degree is adjusted to 360r/min, opens the heater of shurry pump 12, and it is 10 DEG C that temperature controls;The speed of above-mentioned agitating device 19
Degree controls 360~720r/min, as long as the temperature of heater controls at 10~50 DEG C;
Select cement mortar as the material of Model Pile 22, select Fujian standard sand and select the good fine sand conduct of grating
The sand of soil around pile, the relative density utilizing sand rain method to control sand is 50%, and stucco is highly 0.5m, speed of shaking out
For 0.05m3/h.
The material of above-mentioned Model Pile 22 can also be concrete, cement mortar, Calx or Gypsum Fibrosum;The sand material of soil around pile
Material is Fujian standard sand or area natural sand, and particle diameter is fine sand, medium sand or coarse sand, and grating is good or bad, sand rain method
Controlling the relative compaction 30~80% of sand, the height calculating stucco is 0.2~0.7m, speed of shaking out is
0.05~0.1m3/ h.
(3) construction makes: according to test parameters and the three-dimensional stereo model of drafting, adjusts material pond 18 and sand pond 1 and mould
The relative altitude of type groove 4, by valve 3 regulation to the speed needed, Model Pile printing device starts printer model stake,
Sand method is filled equipment and is started stucco;Ensure that the height that prints of Model Pile 22 slightly above fills the height of sand;During printing
Can be according to test requirements document, embedding measurement components and parts in model groove, such as: soil pressure cell, sedimentation mark, and printing
During the alterable sand export distance away from sand face, to realize multi-layered Soils, such as: start for 30cm, to be followed by 50cm,
Third layer is 70cm.
(4) model test: after model has been arranged, carry out relevant pile foundation static load, resistance to plucking, level to or in many ways
To Load Combination bearingtest.
Claims (7)
1. a 3D printer model stake and sand rain method test producing device, it is characterised in that this device includes: bearing platform (23), model groove (4), Model Pile printing device, sand method fill equipment and control equipment (20);Described model groove (4) is arranged on bearing platform (23), fills equipment offer platform for described Model Pile printing device, sand method;
Described Model Pile printing device includes that space displacement controls assembly and Model Pile material provisioning component, and described space displacement controls assembly and includes: outer ring slide rail (15) and Z11 slide rail (6), Z12 slide rail (7), X1 slide rail (5) and mobile parts (17);Described outer ring slide rail (15) is fixed on bearing platform (23) by sliding rail rack (16);Between outer ring slide rail (15) and Z11 slide rail (6), between Z11 slide rail (6) and X1 slide rail (5), it is connected by mobile parts (17) respectively between X1 slide rail (5) with Z12 slide rail (7);The Model Pile material provisioning component of described Model Pile printing device includes: for holding material pond (18) and shurry pump (12) and the conveying pipeline (24) connecting both of slip, described shurry pump (12) is positioned at the end of described Z12 slide rail (7), is provided with discharging opening (13) below;Described mobile parts (17), shurry pump (12) electrically connect with described control equipment (20) respectively;
Described sand method is filled equipment and is included stucco operating assembly and sand material provisioning component;Described stucco operating assembly includes: annular slide rail (14) and Z21 slide rail (10), Z22 slide rail (8), X2 slide rail (9) and mobile parts (17), described annular slide rail (14) is fixed on bearing platform (23) by sliding rail rack (16);Between annular slide rail (14) and Z21 slide rail (10), between Z21 slide rail (10) and X2 slide rail (9), it is connected by mobile parts respectively between X2 slide rail (9) with Z22 slide rail (8);Described sand material provisioning component includes: sand pond (1) and sand export (11) and the sediment transport pipe (2) both connected;Sand export (11) is positioned at the end of described Z22 slide rail (8).
3D printer model stake the most according to claim 1 and sand rain method test producing device, it is characterised in that being provided with heater in described shurry pump (12), the temperature range controlling material is 10 ~ 50 DEG C.
3D printer model stake the most according to claim 1 and sand rain method test producing device, it is characterised in that being provided with agitating device (19) in described material pond (18), its power is 100 ~ 300W, and mixing speed is 360 ~ 720r/min.
3D printer model stake the most according to claim 1 and sand rain method test producing device, it is characterized in that, the material of described model groove (4) and bearing platform (23) is steel, lucite or safety glass, and the material of described annular slide rail (14) and outer ring slide rail (15), sliding rail rack (16) is steel or aluminium alloy.
5. the 3D printer model stake described in claim 1 and a using method for sand rain method test producing device, comprises the following steps:
(1) three-dimensional graphics software is utilized to design a model the shape of stake (22), size and arrangement, and the pile peripheral earth layering of Model Pile (22) and relative compaction;
(2) predetermined pile material is placed in the material pond (18) in described tunneling material provisioning component Nei, predetermined sand material is placed in the sand pond (1) in described sand material provisioning component Nei;
(3) according to test parameters and the three-dimensional stereo model of drafting, adjust the relative altitude of described material pond (18) and sand pond (1) and model groove (4), regulating discharging and put sand speed, described Model Pile printing device starts printer model stake, and described sand method is filled equipment and started stucco.
Using method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that further comprising the steps of in the construction manufacturing process of step (3):
According to test requirements document during printing, embedding measurement components and parts in model groove (4);
By changing the distance away from sand face of the sand export (13) in described sand material provisioning component in print procedure, to realize multi-layered Soils.
7. according to the using method described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that the shape of cross section of described Model Pile (22) be circle, X-shaped, rectangle, Y shape, annular or Model Pile (22) be wedge pile.
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CN108922368A (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2018-11-30 | 苏州大学 | A kind of continuous wall trench underground overall process test method and its simulator |
CN108922368B (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2023-12-01 | 苏州大学 | Underground diaphragm wall grooving whole process test method and simulation device thereof |
CN112816660A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-05-18 | 浙江大学 | Centrifugal model test device and method for researching underground continuous wall construction environmental effect |
CN112816660B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-04-08 | 浙江大学 | Centrifugal model test device and method for researching underground continuous wall construction environmental effect |
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