CN105885267A - 一种导电3d打印耗材的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种导电3d打印耗材的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105885267A
CN105885267A CN201610337270.0A CN201610337270A CN105885267A CN 105885267 A CN105885267 A CN 105885267A CN 201610337270 A CN201610337270 A CN 201610337270A CN 105885267 A CN105885267 A CN 105885267A
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CN105885267B (zh
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罗鲲
诸葛祥群
郭珺
罗志虹
赵玉振
杨超
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Jiangsu Brozan Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Guilin University of Technology
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    • C08L25/00Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种导电3D打印耗材的制备方法。以多壁碳纳米管作为导电剂,通过把粉碎后的SAN塑胶粉末、ABS高胶粉和多壁碳纳米管均匀混合,在降低导电3D打印耗材所需多壁碳纳米管用量的前提下,提高导电3D打印耗材的导电性,防止树脂变脆,同时降低材料成本,然后通过单螺杆或者双螺杆挤出机制备出不同直径的导电3D打印耗材。本发明方法制备工艺简单,生产成本低,便于推广和应用,且所制得的导电3D打印耗材稳定性好,主要适用于热熔性3D打印,打印使用温度在180~250℃。

Description

一种导电 3D 打印耗材的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于3D打印技术领域,特别涉及一种利用ABS高胶粉、SAN塑胶和多壁碳纳米管混合制备导电3D打印耗材的方法。
背景技术
与传统材料加工方法不同,增材制造主要基于三维CAD模型数据,通过增加材料、逐层制造方式,直接制造出与相应数学模型完全一致的三维物理实体,俗称“三维打印”或者“3D打印”。由于可以自动、直接、快速、精确地将设计思想转变为具有一定功能的原型或直接制造零件,从而为零件原型制作、新设计思想的校验等方面提供了一种高效低成本的实现手段,3D打印在电子产品、汽车、航天航空、医疗、军工、地理信息及艺术设计等领域被广泛应用,可制造传统方法难加工(如自由曲面叶片、复杂内流道等)、甚至是无法加工(如内部镂空结构)的零部件等。但是,3D打印技术要进一步扩展其产业应用空间仍面临着诸多挑战,除了打印成本、精度、速度和效率以及产业环境等方面的问题外,打印材料方面的问题被认为是其进一步普及应用的瓶颈。
3D打印的材料成型方法一般包括粘结剂喷射成型、光敏聚合物固化成型、材料挤出成型(又称熔融沉积制造,FDM)、激光粉末烧结成型、定向能沉积成型等。FDM是3D打印消费市场最常用的打印方法,其设备结构简单,价格低廉,是最为常见的3D打印设备。常用的3D打印成型材料多采用化学聚合物,包括ABS、PLA、PC、PVA、尼龙等。由于化学聚合物的物理特性所限,塑料3D打印件常常无法直接作为机械零件或者功能性器件。纳米复合技术能够有效地提高3D打印材料的性能,不仅能够有效地提高塑料的力学性能、热稳定性和阻燃安全性能,同时还能赋予其一定的功能性,如导热、防渗、防静电、导电、电磁屏蔽、电磁波吸收等。
添加纳米导电材料,如超细碳粉、纳米金属粉、碳纳米管及石墨烯等,可以显著改变热塑性树脂的导电性,同时可以保证3D打印品质量不受影响。美国3D打印技术公司Graphene3DLab报道了一种石墨烯/PLA导电耗材,其体积电阻率为1 cm,直径1.75 mm。又如,美国的Functionalize公司制造了一种碳纳米管/PLA导电耗材,其体积电阻率为0.75Ω·cm,直径有1.75 mm和3 mm两种。America Instrument公司也提供一种导电ABS耗材,直径分为1.75 mm和3 mm两种。比较可知,具有大长径比的碳纳米管比二维片状的石墨烯对PLA导电性改善的效果更好。国内目前尚未见导电耗材产品。
但是,制备导电打印耗材所需纳米导电剂的添加量往往较大,会使材料变脆,延展性变差。此外,纳米导电材料本身价格较高,因此也增加了打印耗材的制造成本。目前,尚未见文献报道能够兼顾复合材料导电特性和力学性能的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种利用ABS高胶粉、SAN塑胶和多壁碳纳米管混合制备导电3D打印耗材的方法。
本发明思路:以多壁碳纳米管作为导电剂,通过把粉碎后的SAN塑胶粉末、ABS高胶粉和多壁碳纳米管均匀混合,在降低导电3D打印耗材所需多壁碳纳米管用量的前提下,提高导电3D打印耗材的导电性,防止树脂变脆,同时降低材料成本,然后通过单螺杆或者双螺杆挤出机制备出不同直径的导电3D打印耗材,使3D打印耗材兼具导电性和良好的力学性能。
具体步骤为:
(1)按照以下重量配比称取原料,多壁碳纳米管3~14%,ABS高胶粉23~28%,SAN塑胶62~77%,抗氧剂1010 0.3~0.8%,ABS内部润滑剂0.8~1.0%,ABS外部润滑剂0.3~0.8%,所有原料重量配比之和为100%。
(2)将步骤(1)称取的SAN塑胶颗粒放入塑胶粉碎机中粉碎3~10min,得到40~200目的SAN塑胶粉末。
(3)将步骤(2)制得的SAN塑胶粉末与步骤(1)称取的其余原料混合并用密炼机在30~100℃混炼60~120min,然后置入60~80℃的恒温干燥箱干燥2~6h,制得复合物料。
(4)将步骤(3)制得的复合物料用双螺杆挤出机造粒,制得复合导电粒料。
(5)使用单螺杆挤出机或双螺杆挤出机对步骤(4)制得的复合导电粒料再次进行挤出并冷却至室温,即制得含有多壁碳纳米管的导电3D打印耗材。
所述挤出机的加热温度、速度、进/出料口压力均根据原料成分进行设置。
本发明制得的含有多壁碳纳米管的导电3D打印耗材由缠绕机收集,通过调整牵引力和牵引速度将导电3D打印耗材的直径控制在1.75 mm或3.0 mm。
本发明方法制备工艺简单,生产成本低,便于推广和应用,且所制得的导电3D打印耗材稳定性好,主要适用于热熔性3D打印,打印使用温度在180~250℃。
具体实施方式
实施例:
(1)按照以下重量称取原料,多壁碳纳米管50g,ABS高胶粉125g,SAN塑胶400g,抗氧剂1010 4g,ABS内部润滑剂3g,ABS外部润滑剂3g。
(2)将步骤(1)称取的SAN塑胶颗粒放入塑胶粉碎机中粉碎5min,用40目筛子进行筛取,得到SAN塑胶粉末375g。
(3)将步骤(2)制得的SAN塑胶粉末与步骤(1)称取的其余原料混合并用密炼机在80℃混炼60min,然后置入80℃的恒温干燥箱干燥6h,制得复合物料。
(4)将步骤(3)制得的复合物料用双螺杆挤出机造粒,制得复合导电粒料。
(5)使用双螺杆挤出机对步骤(4)制得的复合导电粒料再次进行挤出并冷却至室温,设置双螺杆挤出机的入口段加热温度为190℃,出口处加热温度为225℃,双螺杆速度为20 r/min,进料口压力为40~60 MPa,出料口压力为20~55 MPa,即制得含有多壁碳纳米管的导电3D打印耗材。
本实施例制得的含有多壁碳纳米管的导电3D打印耗材由缠绕机收集,通过调整牵引力和牵引速度将导电3D打印耗材的直径控制在1.75 mm。
将本实施例制得的含有多壁碳纳米管的导电3D打印耗材采用四电极法进行测量,其电阻率为2.05Ω·cm,且仍保持较好柔韧性,力学性能较原料ABS挤出丝无明显变化。

Claims (2)

1.一种导电3D打印耗材的制备方法,其特征在于具体步骤为:
(1)按照以下重量配比称取原料,多壁碳纳米管3~14%,ABS高胶粉23~28%,SAN塑胶62~77%,抗氧剂1010 0.3~0.8%,ABS内部润滑剂0.8~1.0%,ABS外部润滑剂0.3~0.8%,所有原料重量配比之和为100%;
(2)将步骤(1)称取的SAN塑胶颗粒放入塑胶粉碎机中粉碎3~10min,得到40~200目的SAN塑胶粉末;
(3)将步骤(2)制得的SAN塑胶粉末与步骤(1)称取的其余原料混合并用密炼机在30~100℃混炼60~120min,然后置入60~80℃的恒温干燥箱干燥2~6h,制得复合物料;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的复合物料用双螺杆挤出机造粒,制得复合导电粒料;
(5)使用单螺杆挤出机或双螺杆挤出机对步骤(4)制得的复合导电粒料再次进行挤出并冷却至室温,即制得含有多壁碳纳米管的导电3D打印耗材;
所述挤出机的加热温度、速度、进/出料口压力均根据原料成分进行设置。
2.根据权利要求1所述导电3D打印耗材的制备方法制备的含有多壁碳纳米管的导电3D打印耗材,其特征在于该含有多壁碳纳米管的导电3D打印耗材由缠绕机收集,通过调整牵引力和牵引速度将导电3D打印耗材的直径控制在1.75 mm或3.0 mm。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106380805A (zh) * 2016-09-26 2017-02-08 桂林理工大学 一种pbs/pla导电3d打印耗材的制备方法
CN107460498A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-12-12 桂林理工大学 用碳纳米管/聚合物导电复合材料阴极板进行铜电解精炼的方法

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WO2015091817A1 (de) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 Styrolution Group Gmbh Formmassen basierend auf vinylaromat-copolymeren für den 3d druck
CN105542377A (zh) * 2015-12-19 2016-05-04 桂林理工大学 一种利用双螺杆挤出机制备导电3d打印耗材的方法

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015091817A1 (de) * 2013-12-18 2015-06-25 Styrolution Group Gmbh Formmassen basierend auf vinylaromat-copolymeren für den 3d druck
CN105542377A (zh) * 2015-12-19 2016-05-04 桂林理工大学 一种利用双螺杆挤出机制备导电3d打印耗材的方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106380805A (zh) * 2016-09-26 2017-02-08 桂林理工大学 一种pbs/pla导电3d打印耗材的制备方法
CN107460498A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-12-12 桂林理工大学 用碳纳米管/聚合物导电复合材料阴极板进行铜电解精炼的方法

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