CN105885116A - 一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105885116A
CN105885116A CN201610479551.XA CN201610479551A CN105885116A CN 105885116 A CN105885116 A CN 105885116A CN 201610479551 A CN201610479551 A CN 201610479551A CN 105885116 A CN105885116 A CN 105885116A
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程彦明
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Abstract

一种聚乳酸‑己内酯‑淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,其由如下重量份的原料制备而成:玉米淀粉100份、小麦淀粉8‑10份、DMF 80‑100份、乙酸酐8‑10份、吡啶100‑120份、二乙二醇二甲醚120‑150份、萘钠溶液15‑20份、己内酯5‑8份、石油醚200‑300份、四氢呋喃200‑300份、聚乳酸30‑40份、聚乙二醇1‑2份、硬脂酸锌1‑2份、邻苯二酚1‑2份、聚己内酯5‑8份、水适量。本发明所采用的淀粉能够被生物降解,来源丰富、价格低廉,对环境友好;本发明制得的聚乳酸‑己内酯‑淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜的拉伸强度比淀粉基体提高了很多,制备工艺简单、成本低且可生物降解,能有效缓解白色污染问题。

Description

一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及薄膜生产技术领域,具体涉及一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜及其制备方法。
技术背景
随着塑料工业的蓬勃发展,废旧塑料薄膜垃圾带来的环境污染也日趋严重,白色污染成为全球瞩目的环境问题。因此,人们必须要加大力度去开发生物可降解的塑料薄膜,治理塑料废弃物对环境所带来污染问题。
淀粉是一种来源丰富、价格低廉的天然高分子材料,也是一种取之不尽用之不竭的可再生资源,它能在多种环境条件下被生物降解,最终降解产物二氧化碳和水可以通过植物的光合作用再循环,不会对环境造成任何污染。因此,淀粉被广泛应用于可降解塑料薄膜的研究与产品开发,并且已经取得了重大的进展。
作者宋小丽在淀粉基可降解复合薄膜的制备及性能研究一文中,利用淀粉、壳聚糖、甘油、坡缕石制备了一种淀粉基可降解复合薄膜,丙三醇为淀粉薄膜增塑剂,坡缕石改善淀粉薄膜的力学性能,制备的淀粉基可降解复合薄膜具有良好的生物降解性能。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种工艺简单、生产成本低且对环境友好的聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜及其制备方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现:
一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,其由如下重量份的原料制备而成:玉米淀粉100份、小麦淀粉8-10份、DMF 80-100份、乙酸酐8-10份、吡啶100-120份、二乙二醇二甲醚120-150份、萘钠溶液15-20份、己内酯5-8份、石油醚200-300份、四氢呋喃200-300份、聚乳酸30-40份、聚乙二醇1-2份、硬脂酸锌1-2份、邻苯二酚1-2份、聚己内酯5-8份、水适量。
一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,其由如下步骤制备而成:
(1)将小麦淀粉充分干燥,再与DMF在搅拌的条件下升温到130-140℃,保持4-5h,降温到90-100℃,滴加乙酸酐及吡啶,滴加完后继续在90-100℃下反应5-6h,冷却,倾入冷水中沉淀,过滤、洗涤至中性,干燥,为白色粉末状物质,即淀粉乙酸酯;
(2)在装有搅拌器、温度计、回流冷凝管和通氮装置的反应器中,加入二乙二醇二甲醚和淀粉乙酸酯,升温到90-100℃使其溶解充分,然后降至室温,在氮气保护下加入萘钠溶液,反应约15-20min后,加入己内酯,在110-130℃下反应10-12h,产物以1/3的石油醚进行沉淀后,再以四氢呋喃溶解、剩余的石油醚沉淀二次,产物干燥后为白色固体物,即己内酯接枝的淀粉;
(3)将玉米淀粉、己内酯接枝的淀粉、聚乳酸、聚乙二醇、硬脂酸锌、邻苯二酚、聚己内酯混合均匀;加入至双螺杆挤出机中熔融共混后拉条、挤出、切粒,再经过单螺杆挤出机挤出吹塑,得到一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜。
一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,所述的萘钠溶液的制备方法为:将萘和金属钠置于四氢呋喃中,于室温和氮气保护下反应10-12h,得浓度为0.8-1mol/L的萘钠溶液。
一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,所述的DMF和吡啶使用前都需经过无水硫酸钠进行干燥。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明所采用的淀粉能够被生物降解,来源丰富、价格低廉,对环境友好;聚乳酸作为增强剂,增强了淀粉薄膜的机械强度;聚己内酯可以作为粘合剂和增塑剂,并在淀粉表面接枝己内酯,有效促进聚乳酸、聚己内酯与淀粉之间的均匀混合,提高薄膜的力学性能;邻苯二酚作为抗氧化剂,提高了淀粉薄膜的抗氧化性能;本发明制得的塑料薄膜强度高、成本低且可生物降解,能有效缓解白色污染问题。
具体实施方式
本实施例的聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,其由如下重量份的原料制备而成:玉米淀粉100份、小麦淀粉8份、DMF 100份、乙酸酐8份、吡啶120份、二乙二醇二甲醚150份、萘钠溶液15份、己内酯5份、石油醚300份、四氢呋喃300份、聚乳酸30份、聚乙二醇2份、硬脂酸锌2份、邻苯二酚2份、聚己内酯5份、水适量。
本实施例的聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,其由如下步骤制备而成:
(1)将小麦淀粉充分干燥,再与DMF在搅拌的条件下升温到130℃,保持4h,降温到100℃,滴加乙酸酐及吡啶,滴加完后继续在100℃下反应6h,冷却,倾入冷水中沉淀,过滤、洗涤至中性,干燥,为白色粉末状物质,即淀粉乙酸酯;
(2)在装有搅拌器、温度计、回流冷凝管和通氮装置的反应器中,加入二乙二醇二甲醚和淀粉乙酸酯,升温到100℃使其溶解充分,然后降至室温,在氮气保护下加入萘钠溶液,反应约15min后,加入己内酯,在110℃下反应12h,产物以1/3的石油醚进行沉淀后,再以四氢呋喃溶解、剩余的石油醚沉淀二次,产物干燥后为白色固体物,即己内酯接枝的淀粉;
(3)将玉米淀粉、己内酯接枝的淀粉、聚乳酸、聚乙二醇、硬脂酸锌、邻苯二酚、聚己内酯混合均匀;加入至双螺杆挤出机中熔融共混后拉条、挤出、切粒,再经过单螺杆挤出机挤出吹塑,得到一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜。
经测试,本实施例的聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜拉伸强度大于30MPa,断裂伸长率大于150%,透光率大于90%,薄膜两侧温度差大于5℃。

Claims (4)

1.一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,其由如下重量份的原料制备而成:玉米淀粉100份、小麦淀粉8-10份、DMF 80-100份、乙酸酐8-10份、吡啶100-120份、二乙二醇二甲醚120-150份、萘钠溶液15-20份、己内酯5-8份、石油醚200-300份、四氢呋喃200-300份、聚乳酸30-40份、聚乙二醇1-2份、硬脂酸锌1-2份、邻苯二酚1-2份、聚己内酯5-8份、水适量。
2.一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,其由如下步骤制备而成:
将小麦淀粉充分干燥,再与DMF在搅拌的条件下升温到130-140℃,保持4-5h,降温到90-100℃,滴加乙酸酐及吡啶,滴加完后继续在90-100℃下反应5-6h,冷却,倾入冷水中沉淀,过滤、洗涤至中性,干燥,为白色粉末状物质,即淀粉乙酸酯;
在装有搅拌器、温度计、回流冷凝管和通氮装置的反应器中,加入二乙二醇二甲醚和淀粉乙酸酯,升温到90-100℃使其溶解充分,然后降至室温,在氮气保护下加入萘钠溶液,反应约15-20min后,加入己内酯,在110-130℃下反应10-12h,产物以1/3的石油醚进行沉淀后,再以四氢呋喃溶解、剩余的石油醚沉淀二次,产物干燥后为白色固体物,即己内酯接枝的淀粉;
将玉米淀粉、己内酯接枝的淀粉、聚乳酸、聚乙二醇、硬脂酸锌、邻苯二酚、聚己内酯混合均匀;加入至双螺杆挤出机中熔融共混后拉条、挤出、切粒,再经过单螺杆挤出机挤出吹塑,得到一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜。
3.一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,所述的萘钠溶液的制备方法为:将萘和金属钠置于四氢呋喃中,于室温和氮气保护下反应10-12h,得浓度为0.8-1mol/L的萘钠溶液。
4.一种聚乳酸-己内酯-淀粉挤出吹塑薄膜,其特征在于,所述的DMF和吡啶使用前都需经过无水硫酸钠进行干燥。
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何立红等: ""淀粉乙酸酯的阴离子接枝己内酯聚合研究"", 《高分子学报》 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106349514A (zh) * 2016-08-30 2017-01-25 安徽锦鸿环保科技有限公司 一种云母粉增强的己内酯‑淀粉可降解薄膜及其制备方法
CN106366354A (zh) * 2016-08-30 2017-02-01 安徽锦鸿环保科技有限公司 一种木质纤维素‑淀粉可降解薄膜及其制备方法
CN107759814A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-03-06 苏州创新达成塑胶模具有限公司 一种易降解塑料膜的制备方法
CN109054109A (zh) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-21 佛山博发智能科技有限公司 一种生物降解性塑料薄膜及制备方法

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Application publication date: 20160824