CN105866557A - Time and energy double-spectrum synchronization measurement system for achieving GHZ pulse passing rate - Google Patents
Time and energy double-spectrum synchronization measurement system for achieving GHZ pulse passing rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN105866557A CN105866557A CN201610165594.0A CN201610165594A CN105866557A CN 105866557 A CN105866557 A CN 105866557A CN 201610165594 A CN201610165594 A CN 201610165594A CN 105866557 A CN105866557 A CN 105866557A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001208 nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
- H04N25/772—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components comprising A/D, V/T, V/F, I/T or I/F converters
- H04N25/773—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components comprising A/D, V/T, V/F, I/T or I/F converters comprising photon counting circuits, e.g. single photon detection [SPD] or single photon avalanche diodes [SPAD]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/02—Measuring characteristics of individual pulses, e.g. deviation from pulse flatness, rise time or duration
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Abstract
The invention discloses a time and energy double-spectrum synchronization measurement system for achieving a GHZ pulse passing rate, and the system comprises a superfast current amplifier, a superfast current/voltage converter, an FPGA module, a superfast analog switch, a charge integrator, and a superspeed analog-digital converter. Through distributing particle signals to independent and parallel quick amplitude analyzers, the system improves the processing capability for the particle signals. The system can improve the conventional superspeed digital multi-channel analysis capability by 32 times. The system solves a problem of the measurement of double parameters (energy and time) of a single particle signal with the GHz frequency. The system can reach a GHz pulse counting passing rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to GHZThe time of pulse percent of pass, energy bispectrum numeral multichannel technique, particularly relate to
One realizes GHZThe time of pulse percent of pass, energy bispectrum synchronized measurement system.
Background technology
Multichannel pulse scope-analyzer (abbreviation multiple tracks) is the common instrument in Application of Nuclear Technology.In recent years,
Digital multiple tracks based on direct sampling analysis impulse waveform develops quickly, and it is compared with traditional analog multiple tracks,
Have that analysis speed is fast, pulse percent of pass high, can detect more pulse signal, employing programming device
Realize the advantage such as data processing algorithm flexibly.
Analog-digital converter i.e. A/D converter, or it is called for short ADC, it is common that refer to one by analog-signal transitions
Electronic component for digital signal.It is changed into the electronic component of digital signal.A/D conversion effect be by
Time Continuous, amplitude also continuous print analog quantity is converted to the digital signal that time discrete, amplitude are the most discrete,
Therefore, A/D conversion typically will through over sampling, keep, quantify and encode 4 processes.
The resolution of analog-digital converter refers to, for the analogue signal in allowed band, it can export
The number of discrete digital signal value.
FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), i.e. field programmable gate array, it is to make
Occur for a kind of semi-custom circuit in special IC (ASIC) field, both solved customization
The deficiency of circuit, overcomes again the shortcoming that original programming device gate circuit number is limited.
Traditional Measuring Methods of Pulse Amplitude:
Traditional pulse-height analyzer uses sunykatuib analysis technology, the letter that detector is the most first exported by it
Number amplify, then send into slower AD changer analysis and record, its anti-interference energy after carrying out pulse shaping
Power and motility are the most poor, in the case of higher count rates, it is impossible to obtain each incoming particle energy and time
Between information, it is difficult to realize particle signal and differentiate, pile up the function such as signal recovery.
Being illustrated in figure 1 existing Measuring Methods of Pulse Amplitude, wherein Fig. 1 a, 1b is for using charge-sensitive
The pulse amplitude that type preamplifier is constituted measures system, belongs to pulse working mode；Fig. 1 c is for using electricity
The pulse amplitude that stream-voltage conversion type preamplifier is constituted measures system, belongs to current working mode.
Under low counting rate, Fig. 1 a mode can normally work, and can obtain the energy information of single particle, arteries and veins
Rush amplitude discrimination effect preferable；
Under high count rate, in Fig. 1 b mode before put the potential pulse of output and all accumulate, pile up,
After the pulse shaper of rear class, multiple potential pulses are piled up becomes a pulse, thus cannot obtain
The energy information of each particle, uses the process time of system beyond rear class numeral multiple tracks.
Generally in the case of relatively low counting rate, it is all based on Fig. 1 a, 1b mode and works.When the count rate is higher
(the supreme MHz of the most hundreds of KHz), traditional charge sensitive amplifier cannot work, therefore traditional
Processing method be use current-voltage conversion type preamplifier directly by each in the case of high count rate
The pulse that particle is corresponding is directly piled up becomes a direct current signal, therefore by measuring this d. c. voltage signal
Average pulse amplitude size, thus indirectly know the average energy of incoming particle, the method is current master
Stream method, but the energy of each particle and the moment of appearance cannot be differentiated, the flat of a large amount of particle can only be obtained
All effects, the information that can retain is the most limited, constrains the development of modern high energy nuclear physics.
The subject matter existed is as follows:
1, the analog digital conversion speed of the analog-digital converter of general numeral multiple tracks is difficult to unrestrictedly improve,
High less than about GHz, therefore when the time of advent close to the nanosecond of particle, it is impossible to tell each particle.
2, in order to accurately analyze the energy measuring each particle, it is necessary to the signal front putting output is carried out
Shape broadening, thus the pulse amplitude measurement effect of excellence can be obtained.And under high count rate, shape exhibition
The pulse of wide device is all piled up and cannot be differentiated each pulse.
(GHz pulse percent of pass) single particle energy, time under the conditions of present invention high count rate to be realized
The synchro measure of information.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide one and realize GHZPulse percent of pass
Time, energy bispectrum synchronized measurement system.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme:
One realizes GHZThe time of pulse percent of pass, energy bispectrum synchronized measurement system, described system bag
Include: supper-fast current amplifier, supper-fast current-to-voltage convertor, FPGA module, very high speed analog
Switch, charge integrator and ultra high-speed adc；Described
Supper-fast current amplifier, for amplifying the signal of detector output, and uses current impulse to enter
The transmission of row signal；
Supper-fast current-to-voltage convertor, for current signal is converted into voltage signal, and is transferred to
FPGA module unit；And current pulse signal is exported very high speed analog switch by delay line；
FPGA module, including time figure converting unit and current pulse sequence allotter；For exporting
Time spectral line and 32 way switch gating signals, and by described switch gating signal and supper-fast current amplifier
The current pulse signal of output exports and arrives very high speed analog switch simultaneously；
Very high speed analog switchs, for output 32 tunnel current impulses；
Charge integrator, by the noise smoothing of superposition in current impulse, obtains current impulse integration simultaneously
The intensity of whole current impulse；
Ultra high-speed adc, is converted to the finger of 32 railway digitals by the exponential voltage signal of 32 tunnel simulations
Number voltage signal, and discrete signal is input in FPGA.
Compared with prior art, one or more embodiments of the invention can have the advantage that
1, by particle signal being assigned to the fast amplitude analyzer of independent parallel, thus improve grain
The disposal ability of subsignal.
2, conventional high speed digital multi-channel analysis ability progress can be improved 32 times.
3, the single particle signal energy of the particle signal of GHz frequency, the survey of time Radix Triplostegiae Grandiflorae amount are solved
Amount.
4, can reach the step-by-step counting percent of pass of GHz.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a, 1b and 1c are prior art Measuring Methods of Pulse Amplitude structural representations；
Fig. 2 is to realize GHZThe time of pulse percent of pass, energy bispectrum synchronized measurement system structural representation；
U1 be supper-fast current amplifier, U2 be in supper-fast current-to-voltage convertor, U3 are FPGA
Portion's time figure converting unit, U4 be current pulse sequence allotter, U5 be 32 passage ultrahigh speed (ps
Rank) analog switch, U6 be 32 channel charge integrators (time constant is 32ns), U7 be 32
Passage ultra high-speed adc (every ADC changes frequency into 1GHz), U8 are 32 passage numerals
Pulse amplitude extractor, U9 be 32 channel normalization coefficient correction devices, U10 be 32 passage spectral lines synthesis
Device.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing
The present invention is described in further detail.
As in figure 2 it is shown, for realizing GHZThe time of pulse percent of pass, energy bispectrum synchronized measurement system knot
Structure, including: supper-fast current amplifier, supper-fast current-to-voltage convertor, FPGA module, superelevation
Speed analog switch, charge integrator and ultra high-speed adc；Described
Supper-fast current amplifier, for amplifying the signal of detector output, and uses current impulse to enter
The transmission of row signal；
Supper-fast current-to-voltage convertor, for current signal is converted into voltage signal, and is transferred to
FPGA module unit；And current pulse signal is exported very high speed analog switch by delay line；
FPGA module, including time figure converting unit and current pulse sequence allotter；For exporting
Time spectral line and 32 way switch gating signals, and by described switch gating signal and supper-fast current amplifier
The current pulse signal of output exports and arrives very high speed analog switch simultaneously；
Very high speed analog switchs, for output 32 tunnel current impulses；
Charge integrator, by the noise smoothing of superposition in current impulse, obtains current impulse integration simultaneously
The intensity of whole current impulse；
Ultra high-speed adc, is converted to the finger of 32 railway digitals by the exponential voltage signal of 32 tunnel simulations
Number voltage signal, and discrete signal is input in FPGA.
Select supper-fast current amplifier U1 to detector output signal amplify substitute conventional charge sensitive or
Pressure sensitive mode carries out signal amplification；The transmission using current impulse to carry out signal substitutes conventional voltage arteries and veins
Rush the transmission of signal；Ultrahigh speed current-to-voltage convertor is used to realize shaping and the conversion of current pulse signal；
Very high speed analog switch switching current system is used to substitute conventional voltage switching mode；Use Current amplifier,
Voltage pulse signal crosstalk phenomenon in analog switch can be eliminated.So can improve signal to noise ratio, it is ensured that
Temporal information.And traditional method uses voltage system transmission simulation core pulse signal, singal source resistance and biography
The DC characteristics impedance mismatch of lines can cause transmitted high-frequency signal generation ring, mistake punching and width
The phenomenons such as degree decay, and easily by external interference, signal transmission is unstable, therefore for superfast core pulse
For signal, it is difficult to ensure its pulse amplitude information and temporal information accurately.The present embodiment then instead of
Conventional voltage signal processing mode is current signal processing mode.Replace traditional voltage-type in this way
With charge type amplifier, can effectively ensure that time response and the amplitude characteristic of particle pulse signal.
Eliminate U2, the delay that U3, U4 bring by delay line, thus ensure analog switch gating signal
Tong Bu with current pulse signal.
Current impulse distribution and measure of time workflow: when the time converting unit within FPGA exports
Between spectral line, by U4 export 32 way switch gating signals give 32 tunnels analogies switch.Postponed by regulation
Ensure that the switching gate of current pulse signal that U1 export and FPGA portion output is believed the time delay of eye
Number arrive U5 simultaneously.Whenever U1 arrival one current impulse, the then current pulse sequence within FPGA
The wherein way switch in 32 tunnels analogy switches then opened by allotter, and closes other all switches, with
U1 current impulse to arrive successively, then the 32 way switch gating switch the most successively in 32 tunnels analogy switches.
Current pulse sequence allotter within FPGA is 32 system Counters, often receives 32 pulses then
Again count so that analog switch is in poll cross-conduction state the most all the time.32 passage very high speed analog
Each way switch in switch is all often to export 32 pulses at U1 just to turn on 1 pulse of output, this reality
The single channel ultrahigh speed current impulse that the current impulse method of salary distribution executing example can realize being exported by U1 distributes to be become
Frequency declines the relative low speeds current impulse of 32 times.The method changes doing of tradition single channel particle signal analysis
Method, changes using multichannel distribution, and the digital amplitude analyzer synchronized with multidiameter delay into, thus significantly carries
High step-by-step counting percent of pass.Parallel distribution port number can be increased and promote step-by-step counting percent of pass further.
The current impulse on 32 passage very high speed analog switch output 32 tunnels, in order to accurately obtain each electric current
The intensity of pulse namely obtain correspondence projectile energy size, need first by current impulse through 32
The charge integrator of passage, by integrator by the noise smoothing of superposition in current impulse, simultaneously by electric current
Pulse integration obtains the intensity of whole current impulse, it is clear that the time of integration of integrator is the longest, and integrator is defeated
The time width going out signal is the longest, is more conducive to the resolution that every road signal pulse amplitude extracts.But integration
Time is the longest, then can the step-by-step counting percent of pass of descending system.High-speed ADC due to the employing of native system
For 1GHz, and use 32 distributors, in theory can to each pulse daley 32 times, so
The maximum time of integration that part selects was less than for 32 nanoseconds.After 32 channel charge integrators, front end
About 1 nanosecond the current, narrow impulse transfer of width be 32 nanosecond width exponential voltage signal.Due to now
Current signal is converted to the voltage signal that relative frequency is relatively low, therefore can directly use the biography of routine
Defeated mode and pulse amplitude extracting mode.
32 passage super high-speed A/D C, it is achieved the exponential voltage signal of 32 tunnel simulations is converted to 32 railway digitals
Exponential voltage signal, and this discrete signal is input in FPGA system.In order to improve step-by-step counting
Percent of pass, the ADC that the present embodiment is selected is the high conversion rate as far as possible that can select on the market at present
ADC, that this patent is selected is the ADC of 1GHz, uses 32 altogether, and every is all that complete parallel is only
Vertical operation, therefore can be obtained with maximum slew rate in theory is 1GHz*32=32GHz.Therefore exceed well over mesh
Before the most any a high-speed ADC, thus also can obtain high step-by-step counting percent of pass.
After the discrete exponential signal in 32 roads is input to FPGA inside, inside FPGA, use 32 tunnels also
The amplitude of every road signal is accurately extracted by the independent digital trapezoidal shaping device of row with digit pulse amplitude extractor
After, finally it is normalized the spectrum curve after coefficient correction synthesizes with spectral line thus exports a synthesis.
After present specification makes pulse signal amplify, no longer by threshold value discriminator circuit and peak detection circuit
Stretched pulse peak value, but by high-speed ADC real-time sampling, after FPGA processes, obtain exact figure
Peak value.Therefore precision is high, and performance is good.
Above-described embodiment use pure current system carry out core pulse signal amplification, transmit, distribute after just electricity
Lotus integration is that voltage signal realizes pulse amplitude and extracts and instead of tradition first charge integration amplified signal transmission
And the method that amplitude is extracted；And synchronize to convert single channel ultrahigh speed current pulse signal by precise time
It it is the relative low speeds current pulse signal of 32 passages；Multichannel 1GHz analog-digital converter is used to coordinate 32 to lead to
Road charge integrator 32 port number word pulse amplitude extractors internal with FPGA, it is achieved up to 32GHz
Digital information acquisition ability, thus improve pulse percent of pass；Realize GHz pulse percent of pass simultaneously
Single particle energy, the measurement of time Radix Triplostegiae Grandiflorae amount, and the two possesses time cooperation function, it is ensured that time energy
The quality of amount bispectrum.
Although the embodiment that disclosed herein is as above, but described content is only to facilitate understand this
The embodiment invented and use, is not limited to the present invention.In any the technical field of the invention
Technical staff, on the premise of without departing from the spirit and scope that disclosed herein, can implement
And make any amendment and change in details in form, but the scope of patent protection of the present invention, still must be with institute
Attached claims are defined in the range of standard.
Claims (3)
1. one kind realizes GHZThe time of pulse percent of pass, energy bispectrum synchronized measurement system, its feature
Being, described system includes: supper-fast current amplifier, supper-fast current-to-voltage convertor, FPGA
Module, very high speed analog switch, charge integrator and ultra high-speed adc；Described
Supper-fast current amplifier, for amplifying the signal of detector output, and uses current impulse to enter
The transmission of row signal；
Supper-fast current-to-voltage convertor, for current signal is converted into voltage signal, and is transferred to
FPGA module unit；And current pulse signal is exported very high speed analog switch by delay line；
FPGA module, including time figure converting unit and current pulse sequence allotter；For exporting
Time spectral line and 32 way switch gating signals, and by described switch gating signal and supper-fast current amplifier
The current pulse signal of output exports and arrives very high speed analog switch simultaneously；
Very high speed analog switchs, for output 32 tunnel current impulses；
Charge integrator, by the noise smoothing of superposition in current impulse, obtains current impulse integration simultaneously
The intensity of whole current impulse；
Ultra high-speed adc, is converted to the finger of 32 railway digitals by the exponential voltage signal of 32 tunnel simulations
Number voltage signal, and discrete signal is input in FPGA.
Realize GH the most as claimed in claim 1ZThe time of pulse percent of pass, the same pacing of energy bispectrum
Amount system, it is characterised in that
Described very high speed analog switch is 32 passage very high speed analog switches；
Described charge integrator is 32 channel charge integrators；
Described ultra high-speed adc is 32 passage ultra high-speed adcs.
Realize GH the most as claimed in claim 1ZThe time of pulse percent of pass, the same pacing of energy bispectrum
Amount system, it is characterised in that described FPGA module also includes the digital trapezoidal shaping that 32 roads are the most independent
Device, 32 port number word pulse amplitude extractors, 32 channel normalization system compensation devices and 32 passage spectral lines
Synthesizer；And use the most independent digital trapezoidal shaping device in described 32 roads and 32 port number word pulse width
Degree extractor extracts the amplitude of every road signal, then described signal amplitude is normalized coefficient correction with
Spectral line synthesizes, thus exports the spectrum curve after a synthesis.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108732606A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-02 | 成都理工大学 | Place system before the parallel connection type fast current of digital current multiple tracks |
| CN110456402A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-15 | 北京云端光科技术有限公司 | Dose of radiation detection method and device |
| CN114897004A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-12 | 成都理工大学 | Trapezoidal stacking kernel pulse identification method based on deep learning Transformer model |
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| CN114897004A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-12 | 成都理工大学 | Trapezoidal stacking kernel pulse identification method based on deep learning Transformer model |
| CN114897004B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-05-02 | 成都理工大学 | Trapezoidal accumulation nuclear pulse identification method based on deep learning transducer model |
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| CN105866557B (en) | 2018-08-10 |
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