CN105865685B - A kind of soil expansion stress test device simulated immersion-and air-dry ringing - Google Patents
A kind of soil expansion stress test device simulated immersion-and air-dry ringing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105865685B CN105865685B CN201610220034.0A CN201610220034A CN105865685B CN 105865685 B CN105865685 B CN 105865685B CN 201610220034 A CN201610220034 A CN 201610220034A CN 105865685 B CN105865685 B CN 105865685B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
A kind of simulate impregnates that air-dry the soil expansion stress test device of ringing include water box, and water storage box, air-water exchanger, the waste water tank being connected to water box；Water box include the lower permeable stone for being located at the porous lantern ring of its bottom and being located in porous lantern ring, lower permeable stone is equipped with cutting ring, it is soil sample among cutting ring, upper dankness stone is located in soil sample, upper dankness stone is equipped with Perforated decking, the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking stretches out passes through the winged box cover being connected in water box, the top for the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking stretches out is equipped with top board, pass through connector fixed load sensor at the top of top board, load transducer is connected by cable with resistance strain gauge, and resistance strain gauge is connect with computer.This experimental rig can directly carry out drying and watering cycle operation and the relative expansion experiment of soil sample in water box, avoid manually operated cumbersome, improve test efficiency, reduce the error brought due to manual operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental rigs, and in particular to a kind of soil expansion simulated immersion-and air-dry ringing
Stress test device.
Background technology
In recent years, influence research of the drying and watering cycle to the soil strength of the swelled ground of given area has obtained some progress,
But the lower research of drying and watering cycle effect of the related reservoir stability falling zone soil body is current still seldom.Typical Three Gorges Projects are completed
Afterwards, the reservoir level of reservoir area of Three Gorges is substantially improved and the circulation change between 145 ~ 175m, the hydrogeological environment of reservoir area also with
Huge variation has occurred, this will necessarily influence the stability of bank slope.After Three-Gorges Reservoir, reservoir stability falling zone ground
Body is under reservoir cyclical upturn and downturn effect in a kind of " air-dry-impregnate " alternating state.Existing soil body drying and watering cycle effect simulation
In experiment, after usually impregnating the soil sample taken for 24 hours with hydrostatic, then soil sample is first placed in drying box and is dried,
It is then placed in vacuum saturation cylinder and carries out vacuumizing saturation, the process is as a drying and watering cycle.This process is unable to real simulation
The immersion of the reservoir stability falling zone soil body air-dries cyclic process, and each link needs manual operation during the test, and process is cumbersome,
Time-consuming, and test accuracy is low；And existing soil expansion instrument, most basic natural water swelling experiment can only be done, can not be simulated
Impregnate-air-dry the expansion test under ringing.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide one kind and can simulate immersion-and air-dry to recycle and make
Soil expansion stress test experimental rig, the device are improved innovation on the basis of existing dilatometer, can realize
Following two experimentations：First, the main of most basic natural water swelling experiment and current dilatometer can be carried out
Function, to test the swelling stress of the soil body；Second, it after installing related test specimen, is improved on the basis of one, realizes mould
The quasi- expansion test impregnated-air-dried under ringing, to test the swelling stress of the soil body.Improved soil expansion stress is surveyed
Experiment device of having a try includes the fundamental test function of existing dilatometer, it is often more important that is carried out to impregnating-air-drying ringing
Test simulation, and this two kinds of processes realize automation, simplify experiment process, control human factor to experimental result
Influence.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention is realised by adopting the following technical scheme：One kind can simulate immersion-air-dry follow
The soil expansion stress test device of ring effect includes water box, and water storage box, air-water exchanger, the waste water tank being connected to water box；
The water box include the lower permeable stone for being located at the porous lantern ring of its bottom and being located in porous lantern ring, lower permeable stone
It is equipped with cutting ring, is soil sample among cutting ring, upper dankness stone is located in soil sample, upper dankness stone is equipped with Perforated decking, Perforated decking
The pressure transmission bar of stretching passes through the winged box cover being connected in water box, the top for the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking stretches out to be equipped with top board,
By connector fixed load sensor at the top of top board, load transducer is connected by cable with resistance strain gauge.
Further, it is equipped with demarcation strip in cutting ring, two independent spaces will be at least separated into inside cutting ring, at least by ring
It is separated into two independent spaces inside knife 5, the semicircular soil sample of making is respectively charged into different separate spaces when experiment
In, the soil sample of different separate spaces can be same soil sample, can also be different types of soil sample, the soil of different separate spaces
Respectively set up a upper dankness stone on sample separately；
It is also possible that wherein at least one upper dankness stone is equipped with Perforated decking, at least one upper dankness stone is equipped with support
Plate, support plate are in contact with the elastomeric element being located on winged box cover inner wall, and winged box cover is equipped with close to switch, and indicator light is logical
It crosses and is connected to close to switch with power supply, support plate starts, indicator light is formed into a loop with power supply close to close to switch close to switch.
Further, cutting ring outer wall winding screw heating tube, helical heating pipe external temperature controller.
Further, stress test device further includes portal frame, and portal frame is fixed with pedestal by fixing bolt, water
Box is located on pedestal；
Handle is located on portal frame, and load transducer is in contact with handle.
Further, base bottom, which is equipped with, can adjust horizontal horizontal adjustment bolt.
The invention has the advantages that after sample installs, nature water swelling examination can be first carried out according to sets requirement
It tests, then in the pressurized state, carries out the expansion test under the air-dried ringing of simulation immersion-；The soil body is carried out after terminating
Swelling stress testing experiment.
The drying of soil sample and wetting process are reduced to carry out in water box by the present apparatus, are realized soil sample and are impregnated-air-dry
The automatic control of ringing, including the size of water pressure and the process of application, time, while when can control air-dried
Between and temperature, avoid the operation that is dried and is saturated again of soil sample removal water box, avoid manually operated cumbersome, accelerate examination
Process is tested, the error brought due to manual operation is effectively controlled.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is swelling stress experimental rig structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the confession of swelling stress experimental rig, discharge structure schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is swelling stress experimental rig gas-supplying structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is swelling stress experimental rig heating structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is swelling stress experimental rig preferred structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is cutting ring preferred structure schematic diagram.
Another excellent structural schematic diagram of Fig. 7 cutting rings.
Fig. 8 is swelling stress experimental rig setting portal frame construction schematic diagram.
In such as figure, 1- handles, 2- portal frames, 3- top boards, 4- Perforated deckings, 5- cutting rings, 6- winged box covers, 7- is permeable
Stone, 8- water box, 9- pedestals, 10- horizontal adjustment bolts, 11- fixing bolts, 12- sealing bolts, the porous lantern rings of 13-, 14- spirals
Heating tube, 15- ventholes, 16- sealing rubber rings, 17- precise digital display pressure devices, 18- precision voltage regulators, 19- air-water exchangers,
20- air-water exchanger interfaces, 21- air-water exchangers switch, 22- pressure gauges, 23- soil samples, 24- connectors, 25- load transducers,
26- cables, 27- resistance strain gauges, 28- water inlets, 29A- inlet valves, 29B- flowing water Valves, 30- water inlet pipes, 31- water storages
Case, 32- water outlets, 33- outlet pipes, 34- waste water tanks, 35- temperature controllers, 36- elastomeric elements, 37- refer to close to switch, 38-
Show lamp, 39- upper dankness stones, 40- demarcation strips, 41- support plates, 42- computers.
Particular content of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and examples.
Specific implementation mode
Specific embodiments of the present invention are given below, it should be noted that the invention is not limited in implement in detail below
Example, all equivalent transformations made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of soil expansion stress test device for simulating the air-dried ringing of immersion-includes water box 8,
And water storage box 31, air-water exchanger 19, the waste water tank 34 being connected to water box 8, it is preferred that water box 8 are equipped with venthole 15, water box 8
On be additionally provided with pressure gauge 22；
As described in Figure 2, water storage box 31 is connected to by water inlet pipe 30 with the water inlet 28 of water box 8, water inlet pipe 30 be equipped with into
Penstock 29A, waste water tank 34 are connected to by outlet pipe 33 with the water outlet 32 of water box 8, and outlet pipe 33 is equipped with flowing water Valve
29B when work, opens inlet valve 29A, and the water in water storage box 31 is entered by water inlet pipe 30 in water box 8, when draining, opens
Flowing water Valve 29B, the water in water box 8 are discharged into waste water tank 34 by outlet pipe 33；
In Fig. 3, air-water exchanger 19 is connected to by precision voltage regulator 18 with air source, and precision voltage regulator 18 is equipped with precision
When work, the gas in water box 8 can be accurately controlled by precision voltage regulator 18, precise digital display pressure device 17 for digital display pressure device 17
Pressure.
In Fig. 1, water box 8 include the lower permeable stone for being located at the porous lantern ring 13 of its bottom and being located in porous lantern ring 13
7, lower permeable stone 7 is equipped with cutting ring 5, is soil sample 23 among cutting ring 5, is located at upper dankness stone 39 in soil sample 23, on upper dankness stone 39
Equipped with Perforated decking 4, the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking 4 stretches out passes through the winged box cover 6 being connected in water box 8（It is porous in Fig. 8
The pressure transmission bar of cover board 4 ensures the good of water air tightness across place by sealing rubber ring 16）；
Preferably, as in Fig. 8, winged box cover 6 is close by sealing rubber ring 16 and sealing bolt 12 at the edge of a wing with water box 8
The top of envelope connection, the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking 4 stretches out is equipped with top board 3, and 3 top of top board is passed by 24 fixed load of connector
Sensor 25, load transducer 25 are connected by cable 26 with resistance strain gauge 27.Preferably, it also is provided with out on winged box cover 6
Stomata 15.
Preferably, as in Fig. 4,5 outer wall winding screw heating tube 14 of cutting ring, 14 external temperature controller of helical heating pipe
35。
Preferably, as in Fig. 8, stress test device further includes portal frame 2, and portal frame 2 passes through fixed spiral shell with pedestal 9
Bolt 11 is fixed, and water box 8 are located on pedestal 9, and 9 bottom of pedestal, which is equipped with, can adjust horizontal horizontal adjustment bolt 10；Handle 1 is located at
On portal frame 2, load transducer 25 is in contact with handle 1.
Work step
Step 1：Water box are placed on pedestal first, are put into permeable stone in the porous lantern ring of water box bottom, then place ring
Knife in the soil sample charging apparatus cutting ring sleeve then prepared, is then sequentially placed into permeable stone, Perforated decking on soil sample,
Winged box cover is connect at the edge of a wing by sealing rubber ring and sealing bolt with water box then, and opens the valve of each venthole
Door, is subsequently mounted pressure gauge and installs load transducer at the top of top board, and answered load transducer and resistance by cable
Become instrument to be connected.
Step 2：Water storage box and waste water tank are connected by water inlet pipe and outlet pipe with water box respectively, ensure the smooth of pipeline
It passes to and what valve connected works well, it is convenient subsequently to enter water and water outlet.
Step 3：Air-water exchanger is connected with water box by connecting tube, ensures the air-water exchanger at connecting tube both ends
Connector and pressurized cassette connector connection effect are good, convenient for subsequently carrying out pressurized operation to water in water storage case.
Step 4：The full water process of soil sample, for the full water mistake of the immersion of the more real simulation reservoir stability falling zone soil body
Journey uses free bowssening saturated sample in the present apparatus, first passes through water storage box and be filled at specimen height 1/4 to water box, water
Water in water box is conveyed to soil sample by the porous lantern ring of cassette bottom portion setting by lower permeable stone, and the gas in soil sample passes through perforated lid
Soil sample is discharged in plate venthole, is then filled to respectively at the 1/2 of specimen height and at 3/4 every 2h, sample is all impregnated after 6h,
Then 48h is impregnated, soil sample reaches free water-saturated state.
Step 5：The application of water pressure fills water by water storage box to water box, until venthole no longer emits outlet in water box
Until bubble, each venthole valve is shut.Air-water exchanger switch is opened, gas-water pressure is set, by controlling air-water exchanger
Air pressure simultaneously converts air pressure to hydraulic pressure, can apply according to design requirement corresponding water pressure, specific pressurization and voltage stabling control according to
Testing program is specifically set.
Step 6：The flowing water Valve of pressurized cassette connector and water box bottom is opened in the drying process of soil sample, will by outlet pipe
Water in water box is discharged in waste water tank, after the water in water box is drained, then opens the control switch of helical heating pipe, and
Control is adjusted to temperature, to carry out heating, drying, specific drying temperature and time to soil sample, is had according to testing program
Body is set.
Step 7：It repeats the above steps 4 ~ 6, continues cycling through operation by this circulation law, specific cycle-index is according to different examinations
It tests requirement specifically to be set, last wetting-drying test terminates, and carries out subsequently relevant test operation and experimental data
It measures.
When carrying out nature water swelling experiment, steps 1 and 2,4 need to only can be operated, be not necessarily to pressurized operation.
In Fig. 5,6, demarcation strip 40 is equipped in cutting ring 5, until the independent sky equal by two volumes are separated into inside cutting ring 5
Between, the semicircular soil sample 23 of making is respectively charged into different separate spaces, the soil sample 23 of different separate spaces can be
Same soil sample can also be different types of soil sample, respectively set up a upper dankness stone 39 in the soil sample 23 of different separate spaces separately.
Wherein upper dankness stone 39 is equipped with Perforated decking 4, and the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking 4 stretches out is passed through and is connected in water box 8
Winged box cover 6, the top for the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking 4 stretches out is equipped with top board 3, and the top of top board 3 is fixed by connector 24
Load transducer 25, load transducer 25 are connected by cable 26 with resistance strain gauge 27, and working method is as follows, and load passes
Sensor 25 carries out soil sample swelling stress quantitative determination；Another upper dankness stone 39 be equipped with support plate 41, support plate 41 be located at
Elastomeric element 36 on 6 inner wall of winged box cover is in contact, and winged box cover 6 is equipped with close to switch 37, and indicator light 38 passes through close
Switch 37 is connected to power supply, and support plate 35 starts, indicator light 38 is formed back with power supply close to close to switch 37 close to switch 37
Road.
When work, by pre-setting 36 elastic force of elastomeric element, required power can be slided to support plate 41, work as support
When the swelling stress that 41 corresponding soil sample 23 of plate generates reaches the power of the sliding of support plate 41, that is, elastomeric element 36 is reached and has deformed institute
After needing power, support plate 41 is pushed, and when proximity is close to switch 37, is started close to switch 37, and indicator light 38 is formed into a loop with power supply,
Indicator light 38 lights, and when wetting-drying test is repeated, very easily can carry out early warning mark to soil sample stress, that is, exist
23 stress variation of soil sample reaches some setting value under the conditions of which type of.
Cutting ring 5 can also be divided into three independent spaces, or as in Fig. 7, ring power 5 is divided into four independent skies
Between, the soil sample filled in each space can be different, you can to carry out the variation of different soil sample stress under the same terms
It measures.
The present invention in actual use, may be implemented the rule of stress release under the same terms to different soil samples into
Row measures, and can also be directed to identical soil sample, and the rule of the stress release under condition of different temperatures is measured, and is supported by being arranged
Plate 41, close to beginning 37,38 stress qualitative determination system of beacon lamp, can very easily to soil sample overstep the extreme limit stress variation into
Row measures, and limiting value can be configured by presetting 36 elastic deformation force of elastomeric element, such as will be to Three Gorges dam
Area certain soil sample A limit stress release values B（By calculating soil sample A when release stress value reaches B values, can will be in contact with it
Rock is pushed, and in order to ensure the safety of reservoir area of Three Gorges, i.e., to be studied soil sample A and be reached under the conditions of which type of and can discharge
Stress reaches B,）, by the way that elastomeric element 36 is arranged, elastomeric element 36 is preset to the support force of support plate 41 just in B values, is being tried
It, can be by adjusting different parameters, to measure the stress variation situation of soil sample A during testing（It is carried out by load transducer 25
It measures）, if B can be reached the limit values then by support plate 41, close beginning 37,38 stress qualitative determination system measurement of beacon lamp.
25 data of load transducer, which need to calculate repeatedly, can just obtain final numerical value, be influenced by calculation formula in calculating process thing,
It is calculating the result is that data under ideal conditions, rather than close to the data under full-scale condition, support plate 41, close to beginning 37, refer to
Beacon light 38 form qualitative determination system, require no any formula scales, as a result can immediately arrive at, result it is closer
Data under full-scale condition.
Another advantage of the present invention is, test number be completely retain, its test result can avoid with repetition
Existing setting test data cannot completely retain, test result repeats the more disadvantages such as difficulty.
The present invention can also be used to test situation of change of native stone formula under the conditions of different parameters, can be used for matching native stone
The improvement of ratio adapts to different adaptability to increase native stone formula.For example, in refrigerant latitudes, it is used for the native stone formula of roadbed, it is main
Will be with antifreeze-molten destruction of the cycle to dirt road base, then at the trial, it can be by inputting ice water, heating again, input ice water again
Mode, to stability of the native stone formula under freeze-thaw loop condition（Stress release more uniformly）, or in tropical rain forest land
Area is used for the native stone formula of roadbed, mainly to prevent catching up with dry-wet destruction of the cycle to dirt road base that can first be passed through at the trial
Water, then reheating is dried, then is passed through the mode of water and is carried out cyclic test, to stability of native stone formula under the conditions of drying and watering cycle
It is measured.Or it is other under the conditions of test, as long as pre-setting the suffered natural conditions of native stone formula, you can carry out experiment.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of soil expansion stress test device simulated immersion-and air-dry ringing, it is characterized in that:The stress examination
Experiment device includes water box（8）, and and water box（8）The water storage box of connection（31）, air-water exchanger（19）, waste water tank（34）；
The water box（8）Porous lantern ring including being located at its bottom（13）And it is located at porous lantern ring（13）Interior lower permeable stone
（7）, lower permeable stone（7）It is equipped with cutting ring（5）, cutting ring（5）Centre is soil sample（23）, soil sample（23）It is equipped with upper dankness stone
（39）, upper dankness stone（39）It is equipped with Perforated decking（4）, Perforated decking（4）The pressure transmission bar of stretching passes through and is connected to water box（8）On
Winged box cover（6）, Perforated decking（4）The top of the pressure transmission bar of stretching is equipped with top board（3）, top board（3）Top is by connecing
Head（24）Fixed load sensor（25）, load transducer（25）Pass through cable（26）With resistance strain gauge（27）It is connected, electricity
Hinder deformeter（27）Pass through cable（26）With computer（42）Connection;
The cutting ring（5）It is interior to be equipped with demarcation strip, at least by cutting ring（5）Inside is separated into two independent spaces,
By the semicircular soil sample of making when experiment（23）It is respectively charged into different separate spaces, the soil sample of different separate spaces
（23）On respectively set up a upper dankness stone separately（39）;
Wherein at least one upper dankness stone（39）It is equipped with Perforated decking（4）, at least one upper dankness stone（39）It is equipped with support
Plate（41）, support plate（41）Be located at winged box cover（6）Elastomeric element on inner wall（36）It is in contact, winged box cover（6）On set
Have close to switch（37）, indicator light（38）Pass through close switch（37）It is connected to power supply, support plate（41）Close to close switch
（37）, close to switch（37）Start, indicator light（38）It is formed into a loop with power supply.
2. a kind of soil expansion stress test device simulated immersion-and air-dry ringing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in:The cutting ring（5）Outer wall winding screw heating tube（14）, helical heating pipe（14）External temperature controller（35）.
3. a kind of soil expansion stress test device simulated immersion-and air-dry ringing according to claim 1,
It is characterized in:The stress test device further includes portal frame (2), portal frame (2) and pedestal（9）It is solid by fixing bolt
It is fixed, water box（8）It is located at pedestal（9）On；
Handle（1）It is located at portal frame（2）On, load transducer（25）With handle（1）It is in contact.
4. a kind of soil expansion stress test device simulated immersion-and air-dry ringing according to claim 3,
It is characterized in:The pedestal（9）Bottom, which is equipped with, can adjust horizontal horizontal adjustment bolt（10）.
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| CN106153870B (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-05-04 | 长江师范学院 | Tester experimental enviroment parameter simulation control system that salt is swollen |
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| CN106248907B (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-07-20 | 长江师范学院 | A kind of swollen tester sample bucket of salt |
| CN106645633B (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2019-02-19 | 桂林理工大学 | The deformation simulative device and analogy method of dilative soil roadbed under dry wet alternating environment |
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| CN102401778B (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2013-10-30 | 河海大学 | Device and method for measuring swelling representation parameters of swelling soil |
| JP5797968B2 (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2015-10-21 | 株式会社フジタ | Water immersion expansion test method, water immersion expansion test apparatus and embankment construction method for expansive material |
| CN102809641B (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2014-11-26 | 西安理工大学 | Undisturbed soil sample expansion force testing device capable of controlling saturation |
| CN104749343B (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-05-25 | 中山大学 | A kind of axle of constant volume controllable temperature is soil expansion force tester radially |
| CN204789161U (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-11-18 | 昆明理工大学 | A one -dimensional consolidation apparatus for testing soil body consolidation deformation and osmotic coefficient |
| CN105043889B (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2017-09-05 | 三峡大学 | It is a kind of to consider the rock expansion tester that immersion air-dries ringing |
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