CN110542703B - Device and method for monitoring thermal expansion stress and deformation of foam concrete in constraint state - Google Patents
Device and method for monitoring thermal expansion stress and deformation of foam concrete in constraint state Download PDFInfo
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- CN110542703B CN110542703B CN201910974119.1A CN201910974119A CN110542703B CN 110542703 B CN110542703 B CN 110542703B CN 201910974119 A CN201910974119 A CN 201910974119A CN 110542703 B CN110542703 B CN 110542703B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/16—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating thermal coefficient of expansion
Abstract
A device and a method for monitoring thermal expansion stress and deformation of foam concrete in a constraint state belong to the technical field of civil construction material performance testing. The invention solves the problems that the prior art can not realize the real-time and in-situ measurement of the expansion stress and deformation of the foam concrete in the thermal-curing environment and can not measure the expansion stress and deformation of the foam concrete in different thermal-curing environments and constraint states. Foam concrete installs in the mould, and the heating plate is installed in the bottom of mould, and temperature sensor installs the side at the mould, the heating plate with between the temperature control case and temperature sensor with connect through the wire respectively between the temperature control case, the vertical setting of slide is in one side of mould, and the slide level is arranged and is followed vertical direction sliding connection on the slide, and a plurality of spring equipartitions are between slide and apron, and its upper and lower both ends respectively with slide and apron rigid coupling, and displacement sensor installs and puts at slide lower surface central point.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring thermal expansion stress and deformation of foam concrete in a constraint state, and belongs to the technical field of civil construction material performance testing.
Background
As is well known, the foam concrete has excellent performances of light weight, high strength, heat preservation, heat insulation, sound insulation, fire resistance, shock absorption, earthquake resistance and the like because the interior of the foam concrete is provided with a large number of closed fine pores. In recent years, foamed concrete has been widely used as a building partition or a filler for non-structural members or structural heat-insulating integrated building members. With the development of fabricated buildings, more attention is paid to building partitions using foam concrete as a filling material. The foam concrete can effectively reduce the self weight of the structure due to low density, reduce the consumption of raw materials and save energy and labor cost in the process of factory preparation, transportation and installation. In actual industrial production, in order to accelerate the turnover efficiency of the formwork and shorten the production period, almost all cement concrete members need to be subjected to steam curing within hours after being poured so as to improve the early strength. However, due to the large amount of air holes in the foam concrete, the thermal expansion of the air under steam curing conditions can cause significant volume expansion of the foam concrete. Under the restraint of the template, the self-expansion compressive stress generated by heating can induce the crack development of the foam concrete, so that the appearance quality and the overall mechanical property of the member are reduced. Therefore, the development of the method capable of monitoring the expansion stress and the volume deformation of the confined foam concrete in the steam-curing environment is very important for the popularization and the application of the foam concrete.
In actual industrial production, the volume deformation of the foam concrete under the thermal curing condition is the closest to that of the foam concrete under the steam curing condition, but at present, devices for measuring the volume deformation of the concrete at home and abroad are all carried out under the standard curing or normal-temperature curing condition. To steam curing concrete, because of the reason of maintenance condition, it is complicated directly to lead to realizing the device structure of steam curing, in order to realize the test and be convenient for the test, also can select to replace steam curing condition with the heat curing condition, but generally take out the test piece from steam curing environment or heat curing environment and test again, not only disturbed the intensity development of concrete under steam curing or heat curing condition, simultaneously because remove the test piece in the test process, the result that leads to obtaining is accurate relatively poor, can not reflect actual conditions. In addition, at present, no device and method for monitoring expansion stress and deformation of foam concrete under different steam curing systems and in a restrained state exist at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the prior art can not realize real-time and in-situ measurement of expansion stress and deformation of foam concrete in a heat-curing environment and can not measure the expansion stress and deformation of the foam concrete in different heat-curing environments and constraint states, and further provides a device and a method for monitoring the heat expansion stress and deformation of the foam concrete in the constraint state.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
device of foam concrete thermal expansion stress and deformation under monitoring restraint state, it includes mould, heating plate, temperature sensor, apron, slide, displacement sensor, temperature control case and a plurality of spring, the mould is the metal material, and its open-top sets up, and the foam concrete is installed in the mould, and the heating plate is installed in the bottom of mould, and temperature sensor installs the side at the mould, the heating plate with between the temperature control case and temperature sensor with connect through the wire respectively between the temperature control case, the vertical setting of slide is in one side of mould, and slide horizontal arrangement just follows vertical direction sliding connection on the slide, and a plurality of spring equipartitions are between slide and apron, and its upper and lower both ends respectively with slide and apron rigid coupling, and displacement sensor installs and puts at slide lower surface central point.
Further, the slide includes slide main part and support, the slide main part passes through the support is vertical to be set firmly subaerial.
Further, the slide main part is the columnar structure, and the one end fixedly connected with connecting rod of slide keeps away from the one end fixedly connected with holding ring of slide on the connecting rod, the holding ring cover is established it is spacing just through holding screw in the slide main part.
Further, the number of springs is four.
Further, the mould is an iron mould.
Further, the mould is of a cubic structure or a barrel-shaped structure, cavities are machined in the side portion and the bottom portion of the mould, the heating plate is arranged in the cavity in the bottom portion, and the temperature sensor is arranged in the cavity in the side portion.
Further, the number of the temperature sensors is two, and the temperature sensors are symmetrically arranged in cavities of two side parts of the mold.
Further, the outside of the mould is provided with a heat preservation and insulation layer, and the inner side wall of the mould is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene layer.
A method for monitoring thermal expansion stress and deformation of foam concrete in a constraint state by adopting the device comprises the following steps:
step one, pouring foam concrete into a mold, stopping pouring and vibrating to be dense when the pouring height is higher than the top end of the mold, and scraping redundant slurry until the upper surface of the foam concrete is flush with the top end of the mold;
moving the sliding plate up and down to make the cover plate tightly attached to the foam concrete, andensuring the spring to be in the original length or the micro-compression state, then fixing the position of the sliding plate on the slideway, and recording the reading x of the displacement sensor at the moment1；
Setting a target temperature of the temperature control box, and starting a switch of the temperature control box to enable the heating sheet to start heating the die;
step four, reading the readings x 'of the displacement sensor again at the corresponding time'1The deformation amount of the obtained foam concrete is x'1-x1According to Hooke's law and a spring stiffness coefficient k, the expansion stress of the obtained foam concrete is 4k (x'1-x1)。
Further, when the pouring height is 3-5 mm higher than the top end of the mold, pouring is stopped.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
according to the method, the springs are utilized to restrain the foam concrete, deformation generated when the foam concrete is subjected to thermal expansion can be obtained through spring strain, restraint stress is in direct proportion to deformation of the springs, and then real-time and in-situ monitoring on expansion stress and deformation generated when the restrained foam concrete is heated under different curing systems is achieved.
Varying the number of springs and/or the stiffness coefficient may impose varying degrees of constraint on the foam concrete. The displacement change of the cover plate is monitored in real time and in situ by the displacement sensor, so that the expansion stress and deformation of the restrained foam concrete generated by heating under different curing systems are monitored in real time and in situ.
Compared with the prior art, the test device has the advantages of simple structure and working principle, convenient operation process and more accurate test result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between the slide plate and the slide way.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 and 2, and the device for monitoring thermal expansion stress and deformation of foam concrete under constraint state comprises a mold 1, a heating plate 2, a temperature sensor 3, a cover plate 4, a sliding plate 5, a slideway 6, a displacement sensor 7, a temperature control box 8 and a plurality of springs 9, wherein the mold 1 is made of metal, the top opening of the mold is arranged, the foam concrete 100 is arranged in the mold 1, the heating plate 2 is arranged at the bottom of the mold 1, the temperature sensor 3 is arranged at the side surface of the mold 1, the heating plate 2 is arranged between the temperature control box 8 and the temperature sensor 3 is connected with the temperature control box 8 through leads respectively, the slideway 6 is vertically arranged at one side of the mold 1, the sliding plate 5 is horizontally arranged and is connected to the slideway 6 in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, the springs 9 are uniformly distributed between the sliding plate 5 and the cover plate 4, and are arranged on the sliding plate, The lower ends of the two ends are respectively fixedly connected with the sliding plate 5 and the cover plate 4, and the displacement sensor 7 is arranged at the central position of the lower surface of the sliding plate 5.
The cover plate 4 is an organic glass cover plate.
The mold 1 can realize the function of conducting the heat of the heating plate 2 to the whole mold 1, thereby realizing the heat curing of the foam concrete 100 inside the mold. The heating of the heating plate 2 is controlled by adjusting the set temperature of the temperature control box 8, so that the thermal curing of the foam concrete 100 is realized, and the temperature in the mould 1 can be monitored by the temperature control box 8 through the temperature sensor 3 in real time.
The displacement of the cover plate 4 can be obtained in real time through the displacement sensor 7, the level of the cover plate 4 is effectively guaranteed through the uniformly distributed springs 9, the force applied to the foam concrete 100 is more uniform, and meanwhile, the displacement value of the cover plate 4 is more accurate after the foam concrete 100 is restrained by the cover plate 4.
When the foam concrete 100 expands due to heating, expansion deformation is generated, the cover plate 4 is pushed to move towards the displacement sensor 7, the spring 9 is compressed at the moment, and the displacement difference before and after the cover plate 4 moves is recorded through the displacement sensor 7, so that the end surface expansion stress and the deformation result of the foam concrete 100 when being heated are obtained.
Varying the number of springs 9 and/or the stiffness coefficient may impose varying degrees of constraint on the foam concrete 100.
The spring 9 is a high-sensitivity spring.
Compared with the prior art, the test device has the advantages of simple structure and working principle, convenient operation process and more accurate test result.
The application adopts the thermal curing to provide a technical means for mastering and controlling the volume expansion and cracking tendency of the restrained foam concrete 100 under the steam curing condition in the experimental research or actual production process.
The slideway 6 comprises a slideway main body 6-1 and a support 6-2, and the slideway main body 6-1 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the ground through the support 6-2. Through setting up support 6-2, effectively guarantee the stability of slide 6 and the slide 5 of being connected with it in the test process, and then effectively guarantee the accuracy of measuring result.
The slide main body 6-1 is of a columnar structure, one end of the sliding plate 5 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 10, one end, far away from the sliding plate 5, of the connecting rod 10 is fixedly connected with a positioning ring 11, and the positioning ring 11 is sleeved on the slide main body 6-1 and is limited through a set screw 12. The positioning ring 11 is in clearance fit with the slide main body 6-1, the up-and-down displacement of the sliding plate 5 is realized by moving the positioning ring 11 up and down, and after the height position of the sliding plate 5 is determined, the positioning ring 11 and the sliding plate 5 are fixed on the slide main body 6-1 through the set screw 12.
The number of springs 9 is four.
The mold 1 is an iron mold.
The mould 1 is of a cubic structure or a barrel-shaped structure, cavities are machined in the side portion and the bottom portion of the mould, the heating plate 2 is arranged in the cavity in the bottom portion, and the temperature sensor 3 is arranged in the cavity in the side portion. By the design, the heating plate 2 and the temperature sensor 3 are convenient to install, and the heating plate 2 and the temperature sensor 3 are not directly contacted with the foam concrete 100.
The number of the temperature sensors 3 is two, and the two temperature sensors are symmetrically arranged in cavities at two sides of the die 1. The temperature in the mold 1 can be monitored in real time more accurately.
The outside of the mould 1 is provided with a heat preservation and insulation layer, and the inner side wall of the mould 1 is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene layer. So design, through setting up the heat preservation insulating layer, effectively prevent that the heat scatters and disappears. By arranging the polytetrafluoroethylene layer, friction between the foam concrete 100 and the inner wall of the mold 1 is reduced.
A method for monitoring thermal expansion stress and deformation of foam concrete in a constraint state by adopting the device comprises the following steps:
step one, pouring foam concrete 100 into a mould 1, stopping pouring and vibrating to be compact when the pouring height is higher than the top end of the mould 1, and scraping redundant slurry until the upper surface of the foam concrete 100 is flush with the top end of the mould 1;
secondly, the sliding plate 5 is moved up and down to enable the cover plate 4 to be tightly attached to the foam concrete 100, the spring 9 is ensured to be in an original length or a micro-compression state, then the position of the sliding plate 5 on the slideway 6 is fixed, and the index x of the displacement sensor 7 at the moment is recorded1；
Setting a target temperature of the temperature control box 8, and starting a switch of the temperature control box 8 to enable the heating sheet 2 to start heating the mold 1; the target temperature is determined according to the actual required curing temperature, and is generally 0-60 ℃.
Step four, reading the indicator x 'of the displacement sensor 7 again at the corresponding moment'1The amount of deformation of the resulting foam concrete 100 was x'1-x1According to Hooke's law and the stiffness coefficient k of the spring 9, the expansion stress of the foam concrete 100 is 4k (x'1-x1)。
By varying the target temperature of the temperature control box 8 and by varying the number and/or stiffness of the springs 9, the expansion stress and deformation of the ends of the foam concrete 100 can be monitored under different curing regimes and under different restraining conditions.
The corresponding time is the time when the expansion stress and deformation of the end of the foam concrete 100 need to be measured during the test.
And when the pouring height is 3-5 mm higher than the top end of the mold 1, stopping pouring.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a device that monitoring foam concrete thermal expansion stress and deformation under restraint state which characterized in that: it comprises a mould (1), a heating plate (2), a temperature sensor (3), a cover plate (4), a sliding plate (5), a slide way (6), a displacement sensor (7), a temperature control box (8) and a plurality of springs (9), wherein the mould (1) is made of metal, the top opening of the mould is arranged, foam concrete (100) is arranged in the mould (1), the heating plate (2) is arranged at the bottom of the mould (1), the temperature sensor (3) is arranged at the side surface of the mould (1), the heating plate (2) is arranged between the temperature control box (8) and the temperature sensor (3) is connected with the temperature control box (8) through leads respectively, the slide way (6) is vertically arranged at one side of the mould (1), the sliding plate (5) is horizontally arranged and is connected on the slide way (6) in a sliding way along the vertical direction, the springs (9) are uniformly distributed between the sliding plate (5) and the cover plate (4), the upper end and the lower end of the displacement sensor are respectively fixedly connected with the sliding plate (5) and the cover plate (4), and the displacement sensor (7) is arranged at the central position of the lower surface of the sliding plate (5);
the slideway (6) comprises a slideway main body (6-1) and a support (6-2), and the slideway main body (6-1) is vertically and fixedly arranged on the ground through the support (6-2);
the slide main part (6-1) is of a columnar structure, one end of the sliding plate (5) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod (10), one end of the connecting rod (10) far away from the sliding plate (5) is fixedly connected with a positioning ring (11), the positioning ring (11) is sleeved on the slide main part (6-1) and is limited through a set screw (12).
2. The apparatus for monitoring the thermal expansion stress and deformation of foamed concrete under constraint according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the springs (9) is four.
3. The apparatus for monitoring thermal expansion stress and deformation of cellular concrete under restraint according to claim 1, wherein: the mould (1) is an iron mould.
4. The apparatus for monitoring the thermal expansion stress and deformation of foamed concrete under constraint according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mould (1) is of a cubic structure or a barrel-shaped structure, cavities are machined in the side portion and the bottom portion of the mould, the heating plate (2) is arranged in the cavity in the bottom portion, and the temperature sensor (3) is arranged in the cavity in the side portion.
5. The apparatus for monitoring the thermal expansion stress and deformation of foamed concrete under constraint according to claim 4, characterized in that: the number of the temperature sensors (3) is two, and the two temperature sensors are symmetrically arranged in cavities at two sides of the die (1).
6. Apparatus for monitoring the thermal expansion stress and deformation of cellular concrete under constraint according to claim 1, 4 or 5, characterized in that: the external part of the mould (1) is provided with a heat insulation layer, and the inner side wall of the mould (1) is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene layer.
7. The method of monitoring the thermal expansion stress and deformation of the foamed concrete under constraint conditions using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: it comprises the following steps:
step one, pouring foam concrete (100) into a mould (1), stopping pouring and vibrating to be dense when the pouring height is higher than the top end of the mould (1), and scraping redundant slurry until the upper surface of the foam concrete (100) is flush with the top end of the mould (1);
secondly, the sliding plate (5) is moved up and down to enable the cover plate (4) to be tightly attached to the foam concrete (100), the spring (9) is ensured to be in an original length or a micro-compression state, then the position of the sliding plate (5) on the slideway (6) is fixed, and the index x of the displacement sensor (7) at the moment is recorded1；
Setting a target temperature of the temperature control box (8), and starting a switch of the temperature control box (8) to enable the heating sheet (2) to start heating the mold (1);
step four, reading the indication number x 'of the displacement sensor (7) again at the corresponding time'1 The resulting foam concrete (100) had a deflection of x'1-x1According to Hooke's law and the stiffness coefficient k of the spring (9), the expansion stress of the foam concrete (100) is 4k (x'1-x1)。
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: and when the pouring height is 3-5 mm higher than the top end of the mold (1), stopping pouring.
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| CN114646753A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-06-21 | 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 | Concrete expansion and shrinkage deformation testing system in curing period |
| CN116660309B (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-03 | 德阳市重装检测有限责任公司 | Method for measuring thermal-cold deformation performance of material in real time |
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