CN105865685A - Soil expansion stress test device capable of simulating immersion-air drying cyclic action - Google Patents
Soil expansion stress test device capable of simulating immersion-air drying cyclic action Download PDFInfo
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- CN105865685A CN105865685A CN201610220034.0A CN201610220034A CN105865685A CN 105865685 A CN105865685 A CN 105865685A CN 201610220034 A CN201610220034 A CN 201610220034A CN 105865685 A CN105865685 A CN 105865685A
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
A soil expansion stress test device capable of simulating immersion-air drying cyclic action comprises a water box, a water storage box, an air-water exchanger and a waste water box, wherein the water storage box, the air-water exchanger and the waste water box are communicated with the water box. The water box comprises a porous collar arranged at the bottom of the water box, and a lower water-permeable stone in the porous collar. The lower water-permeable stone is provided with an annular knife. The middle part of the annular knife is provided with a soil sample. An upper water-permeable stone is arranged on the soil sample. A porous cover plate is arranged on the upper water-permeable stone. A pressure transmitting rod which extends out of the porous cover plate penetrates through a winged box cover which is connected with the water box. The top of the pressure transmitting rod which extends out of the porous cover plate is provided with an upper pressing board. A load sensor is fixed at top of the upper pressing board through a joint. The load sensor is connected with a resistance strain gauge through a cable. The resistance strain gauge is connected with a computer. The soil expansion stress test device can directly perform dry-and-wet cyclic operation and related expansion test of the soil sample in the water box, thereby preventing tedious manual operation, improving testing efficiency and reducing error caused by manual operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of assay device, be specifically related to a kind of soil expansion simulating immersion-air-dried Circulation
Stress test device.
Background technology
In recent years, the influence research of the soil strength of the swelled ground of particular locality is in progress by drying and watering cycle achieved with some,
But research is the most little under the drying and watering cycle effect of the relevant reservoir stability falling zone soil body.Typical Three Gorges Projects are completed
After, the reservoir level of reservoir area of Three Gorges is substantially improved and circulation change between 145 ~ 175m, the hydrogeological environment of reservoir area also with
There occurs huge change, this will necessarily affect the stability of bank slope.After Three-Gorges Reservoir, reservoir stability falling zone ground
Body is in one under reservoir cyclical upturn and downturn effect and " air-dries and soak " alternating state.Existing soil body drying and watering cycle effect is simulated
In test, it is usually after the soil sample hydrostatic taken is soaked 24h, then soil sample is first placed in drying baker and dries,
Carrying out evacuation in being then placed in the saturated cylinder of vacuum saturated, this process is as a drying and watering cycle.This process can not truly be simulated
The immersion of the reservoir stability falling zone soil body air-dries cyclic process, and in process of the test, each link needs manual operation, and process is loaded down with trivial details,
Time-consuming long, test accuracy is low；And existing soil expansion instrument, most basic natural imbibition test can only be done, it is impossible to simulation
Soak-air-dry the expansion test under Circulation.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency existed for prior art, it is an object of the invention to, it is provided that one can be simulated immersion-air-dried circulation and make
Soil expansion stress test assay device, this device improves innovation on the basis of existing dilatometer, it is possible to realize
Following two experimentation: first, can carry out most basic natural imbibition test, also be the main of current dilatometer
Function, thus test the swelling stress of the soil body；Second, after installing relevant test specimen, improve on the basis of one, it is achieved mould
Intend soaking-air-dry the expansion test under Circulation, thus test the swelling stress of the soil body.Soil expansion stress after improvement is surveyed
Experiment device of having a try includes the fundamental test function of existing dilatometer, it is often more important that carry out soaking-air-dry Circulation
Test simulation, and these two kinds of processes all achieve automatization, simplify experiment process, control anthropic factor to experimental result
Impact.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that and is achieved: one can simulate immersion-air-dry follow
The soil expansion stress test device of ring effect includes water box, and connect with water box water storage box, air-water exchanger, waste water tank；
Described water box includes the porous collar being located at bottom it and the lower permeable stone being located in the porous collar, and lower permeable stone sets
Having in the middle of cutting ring, cutting ring is soil sample, and soil sample is located at upper dankness stone, and upper dankness stone is provided with Perforated decking, and Perforated decking stretches out
Pressure transmission bar through the winged lid that is connected on water box, the top of the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking stretches out is provided with top board, upper pressure
Joint fixed load sensor is passed through at plate top, and load transducer is connected with resistance strain gauge by cable.
Further, in cutting ring, it is provided with demarcation strip, to major general's cutting ring, is separated into two independent spaces, to major general's ring
Cutter 5 is internal is separated into two independent spaces, during test, the semicircular soil sample made is respectively charged into different separate space
In, the soil sample of different separate space can be same soil sample, it is also possible to be different types of soil sample, the soil of different separate space
A upper dankness stone is respectively set up separately on sample；
It is also possible that at least one of which upper dankness stone is provided with Perforated decking, at least one upper dankness stone is provided with gripper shoe,
Fagging contacts with the elastomeric element being located on winged lid inwall, and winged lid is provided with proximity switch, and display lamp is by connecing
Nearly switch connects with power supply, and gripper shoe starts close to proximity switch, proximity switch, and display lamp forms loop with power supply.
Further, cutting ring outer wall winding screw adds heat pipe, helical heating pipe external temperature controller.
Further, stress test device also includes that portal frame, portal frame are fixed by fixing bolt with base, water
Box is located on base；
Handle is located on portal frame, and load transducer contacts with handle.
Further, base bottom is provided with the horizontal adjustment bolt that can regulate level.
The invention has the advantages that, after sample installs, can require first to carry out nature imbibition examination according to setting
Test, the most in the pressurized state, be simulated soaking-air-dry the expansion test under Circulation；The soil body is carried out after end
The testing experiment of swelling stress.
Being dried of soil sample is all reduced to carry out in water box by this device with wetting process, it is achieved that soil sample is soaked-air-dried
The Automatic Control of Circulation, including size and the process of applying, the time of water pressure, can control to air-dry simultaneously time
Between and temperature, it is to avoid soil sample is removed water box and is dried again and saturated operation, it is to avoid be manual loaded down with trivial details, accelerate examination
Test process, effectively control the error brought due to manual operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is swelling stress assay device structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the confession of swelling stress assay device, discharge structure schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is swelling stress assay device gas-supplying structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is swelling stress assay device heating arrangement schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is swelling stress assay device preferred structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is cutting ring preferred structure schematic diagram.
Another excellent structural representation of Fig. 7 cutting ring.
Fig. 8 is that swelling stress assay device arranges portal frame construction schematic diagram.
In figure, 1-handle, 2-portal frame, 3-top board, 4-Perforated decking, 5-cutting ring, 6-winged lid, 7-is permeable
Stone, 8-water box, 9-base, 10-horizontal adjustment bolt, 11-fixes bolt, 12-sealing bolt, the 13-porous collar, 14-spiral
Add heat pipe, 15-venthole, 16-sealing rubber ring, 17-precise digital display pressure device, 18-precision voltage regulator, 19-air-water exchanger,
20-air-water exchanger interface, 21-air-water exchanger switchs, 22-piezometer, 23-soil sample, 24-joint, 25-load transducer,
26-cable, 27-resistance strain gauge, 28-water inlet, 29A-inlet valve, 29B-flowing water Valve, 30-water inlet pipe, 31-water-retention
Case, 32-outlet, 33-outlet pipe, 34-waste water tank, 35-temperature controller, 36-elastomeric element, 37-proximity switch, 38-refers to
Show lamp, 39-upper dankness stone, 40-demarcation strip, 41-gripper shoe, 42-computer.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, particular content of the present invention is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
The specific embodiment of the present invention given below, it should be noted that and the invention is not limited in and implement in detail below
Example, all equivalents done on the basis of technical scheme each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of soil expansion stress test device simulating immersion-air-dried Circulation includes water box 8,
And connect with water box 8 water storage box 31, air-water exchanger 19, waste water tank 34, it is preferred that water box 8 is provided with venthole 15, water box 8
On be additionally provided with piezometer 22；
As described in Figure 2, water storage box 31 is connected with the water inlet 28 of water box 8 by water inlet pipe 30, and water inlet pipe 30 is provided with water intaking valve
Door 29A, waste water tank 34 is connected with the outlet 32 of water box 8 by outlet pipe 33, and outlet pipe 33 is provided with flowing water Valve 29B, work
When making, opening inlet valve 29A, the water in water storage box 31 enters in water box 8 by water inlet pipe 30, during draining, opens outlet valve
Door 29B, the water in water box 8 enters waste water tank 34 by outlet pipe 33；
In Fig. 3, air-water exchanger 19 is connected with source of the gas by precision voltage regulator 18, and precision voltage regulator 18 is provided with precise digital display
Pressure device 17, during work, can accurately control the air pressure in water box 8 by precision voltage regulator 18, precise digital display pressure device 17.
In Fig. 1, water box 8 includes the porous collar 13 being located at bottom it and the lower permeable stone being located in the porous collar 13
7, it is soil sample 23 that lower permeable stone 7 is provided with in the middle of cutting ring 5, cutting ring 5, soil sample 23 is located at upper dankness stone 39, on upper dankness stone 39
Be provided with Perforated decking 4, the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking 4 stretches out through the winged lid 6(that is connected on water box 8 as in Fig. 8, porous
The pressure transmission bar of cover plate 4 ensures the good of water air tightness through place by sealing rubber ring 16)；
Preferably, in Fig. 8, winged lid 6 and water box 8 are sealed even by sealing rubber ring 16 and sealing bolt 12 at the edge of a wing
Connecing, the top of the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking 4 stretches out is provided with top board 3, and joint 24 fixed load sensor is passed through at top board 3 top
25, load transducer 25 is connected with resistance strain gauge 27 by cable 26.Preferably, winged lid 6 also is provided with venthole
15。
Preferably, in Fig. 4, cutting ring 5 outer wall winding screw adds heat pipe 14, helical heating pipe 14 external temperature controller
35。
Preferably, in Fig. 8, stress test device also includes portal frame 2, and portal frame 2 and base 9 are by fixing spiral shell
Bolt 11 is fixed, and water box 8 is located on base 9, is provided with the horizontal adjustment bolt 10 that can regulate level bottom base 9；Handle 1 is located at
On portal frame 2, load transducer 25 contacts with handle 1.
Job step
Step 1: be first placed on base by water box, puts into permeable stone in the porous collar in water cassette bottom portion, then places cutting ring, connect
In the soil sample charging apparatus cutting ring sleeve prepared, on soil sample, be then sequentially placed into permeable stone, Perforated decking, subsequently will
Winged lid is connected by sealing rubber ring and sealing bolt at the edge of a wing with water box, and opens the valve of each venthole, subsequently
Piezometer is installed and load transducer is installed at top board top, and by cable by load transducer and resistance strain gauge phase
Even.
Step 2: water storage box is connected with water box with outlet pipe by water inlet pipe respectively with waste water tank, it is ensured that pipeline smooth
Pass to and valve connect respond well, facilitate follow-up enter water and water outlet.
Step 3: air-water exchanger is coupled together by connecting tube with water box, it is ensured that the air-water exchanger at connecting tube two ends
Joint and pressurized cassette joint connect respond well, it is simple to follow-up water in water storage case is carried out pressurized operation.
Step 4: the full water of soil sample processes, in order to the immersion of the more true simulation reservoir stability falling zone soil body is satisfied water mistake
Journey, uses free bowssening saturated sample in this device, first passes through water storage box and be filled at specimen height 1/4 to water box, water
Water in water box is flowed to soil sample by lower permeable stone by the porous collar that cassette bottom portion is arranged, and the gas in soil sample passes through perforated lid
Plate venthole discharges soil sample, is then filled to respectively at the 1/2 of specimen height and at 3/4 every 2h, all soaks sample after 6h,
Then soaking 48h, soil sample reaches free water-saturated state.
Step 5: the applying of water pressure, fills water by water storage box to water box, no longer emits until venthole on water box and gives vent to anger
Till bubble, shut each venthole valve.Open air-water exchanger switch, set gas-water pressure, by controlling air-water exchanger
Air pressure is also converted into hydraulic pressure by air pressure, can according to design require to apply corresponding water pressure, concrete pressurization and voltage stabling control according to
Testing program specifically sets.
Step 6: the dried of soil sample, opens pressurized cassette joint and the flowing water Valve in water cassette bottom portion, will by outlet pipe
Water in water box is discharged in waste water tank, after the water in water box is drained, then opens the control switch of helical heating pipe, and
It is adjusted temperature controlling, thus soil sample is carried out heating, drying, concrete drying temperature and time, have according to testing program
Body sets.
Step 7: repeat the above steps 4 ~ 6, continues cycling through operation by this circulation law, and concrete cycle-index is according to different examinations
Testing requirement and carry out concrete setting, last wetting-drying test terminates, and carries out follow-up relevant test operation and experimental data
Measure.
When carrying out nature imbibition test, can only need to step 1,2,4 operate, it is not necessary to pressurized operation.
Such as Fig. 5, in 6, in cutting ring 5, it is provided with demarcation strip 40, be separated into equal independent empty of two volumes to by internal for cutting ring 5
Between, the semicircular soil sample 23 made is respectively charged in different separate space, the soil sample 23 of different separate space can be
Same soil sample, it is also possible to be different types of soil sample, the soil sample 23 of different separate space respectively sets up a upper dankness stone 39 separately.
Wherein upper dankness stone 39 is provided with Perforated decking 4, and the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking 4 stretches out is through being connected on water box 8
Winged lid 6, the top of the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking 4 stretches out is provided with top board 3, and top board 3 top is fixed by joint 24
Load transducer 25, load transducer 25 is connected with resistance strain gauge 27 by cable 26, and its method of work is as follows, and load passes
Sensor 25 carries out soil sample swelling stress quantitative determination；Another upper dankness stone 39 is provided with gripper shoe 41, gripper shoe 41 be located at
Elastomeric element 36 on winged lid 6 inwall contacts, and winged lid 6 is provided with proximity switch 37, and display lamp 38 is by close
Switch 37 connects with power supply, and gripper shoe 35 starts close to proximity switch 37, proximity switch 37, and display lamp 38 and power supply are formed back
Road.
During work, by pre-setting elastomeric element 36 elastic force, required power of gripper shoe 41 can being slided, work as support
When the swelling stress that the soil sample 23 of plate 41 correspondence produces reaches the power that gripper shoe 41 is slided, i.e. reach elastomeric element 36 and deformed institute
After needing power, gripper shoe 41 is promoted, and during proximity proximity switch 37, proximity switch 37 starts, and display lamp 38 forms loop with power supply,
Display lamp 38 lights, and when wetting-drying test is repeated, very easily soil sample stress can be carried out early warning mark, i.e. exist
Under the conditions of which type of, soil sample 23 STRESS VARIATION reaches certain setting value.
Cutting ring 5 can also be divided into three independent spaces, or as in Fig. 7, ring power 5 is divided into four independent skies
Between, the soil sample filled in each space can be different, i.e. can carry out the change of different soil sample stress under the same terms
Measure.
The present invention is in actual use, it is possible to achieve enter the rule of Stress Release under the same terms of different soil samples
Row measures, it is also possible to the rule for the Stress Release under identical soil sample, condition of different temperatures is measured, by arranging support
Plate 41, close beginning 37, beacon lamp 38 stress qualitative determination system, the STRESS VARIATION that can overstep the extreme limit soil sample very easily is entered
Row measures, and its ultimate value can be configured by presetting elastomeric element 36 elastic deformation force, such as will be to dam, Three Gorges
Certain soil sample A limit stress release value B(of district reaches B value through measuring and calculating soil sample A at release stress value, can will be in contact with it
Rock promotes, and in order to ensure the safety of reservoir area of Three Gorges, which type of soil sample A to be studied reach to discharge under the conditions of
Stress reaches B), by arranging elastomeric element 36, preset elastomeric element 36 to the support force of gripper shoe 41 just in B value, trying
During testing, (can be carried out by load transducer 25 measuring the STRESS VARIATION situation of soil sample A by adjusting different parameter
Measure), if B can be reached the limit values then by gripper shoe 41, close beginning 37, beacon lamp 38 stress qualitative determination system measurement.
Load transducer 25 data need repeatedly to calculate and just can draw final numerical value, are affected by computing formula calculating process thing, its
The result calculated is the data under ideal conditions, rather than close to the data under full-scale condition, gripper shoe 41, close to beginning 37, refer to
Beacon light 38 composition qualitative determination system, require no any formula scales, result can immediately arrive at, its result closer to
Data under full-scale condition.
Another advantage of the present invention is, its test number is complete reservation, its result of the test can be with repetition, it is to avoid
Existing arrange that test data can not completely not retain, result of the test repeats the more disadvantage such as difficulty.
The present invention can be additionally used in test soil stone formula situation of change under the conditions of different parameters, may be used for joining soil stone
The improvement of ratio, to increase the soil different bar adaptability of stone formula adaptation.Such as, at refrigerant latitudes, for the native stone formula of roadbed, main
Will be with antifreeze-molten circulation to earth roadbed destruction, the most at the trial, can by input frozen water, heat again, input frozen water again
Mode, to soil stone formula stability (Stress Release the most uniform) under freeze-thaw loop condition, or in tropical rain forest land
District, for the native stone formula of roadbed, main in case catching up with dry-wet circulation to earth roadbed destruction, at the trial, can first be passed through
Water, then reheating is dried, then the mode being passed through water is circulated test, to soil stone formula stability under the conditions of drying and watering cycle
It is measured.Or test under the conditions of other, as long as pre-setting natural conditions suffered by soil stone formula, test can be carried out.
Claims (6)
1. can simulate a soil expansion stress test device for immersion-air-dried Circulation, it is characterized in that: described stress tries
Experiment device includes water box (8), and connect with water box (8) water storage box (31), air-water exchanger (19), waste water tank (34)；
Described water box (8) includes the porous collar (13) being located at bottom it and is located at the lower permeable stone in the porous collar (13)
(7), it is soil sample (23) that lower permeable stone (7) is provided with in the middle of cutting ring (5), cutting ring (5), and soil sample is located at upper dankness stone on (23)
(35), upper dankness stone (39) is provided with Perforated decking (4), and the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking (4) stretches out is through being connected on water box (8)
Winged lid (6), the top of the pressure transmission bar that Perforated decking (4) stretches out is provided with top board (3), and top board (3) top is by connecing
Head (24) fixed load sensor (25), load transducer (25) is connected with resistance strain gauge (27) by cable (26), electricity
Resistance deformeter (27) is connected with computer (42) by cable (26).
A kind of soil expansion stress test device simulating immersion-air-dried Circulation the most according to claim 1, its
Feature is: described cutting ring is provided with demarcation strip in (5), is separated into two independent spaces to major general's cutting ring (5) is internal,
During test, the semicircular soil sample (23) made is respectively charged in different separate space, the soil sample of different separate space
(23) upper dankness stone (39) is respectively set up on separately.
A kind of soil expansion stress test device simulating immersion-air-dried Circulation the most according to claim 2, its
Feature is: at least one of which upper dankness stone (39) is provided with Perforated decking (4), and at least one upper dankness stone (35) is provided with and props up
Fagging (35), gripper shoe (41) contacts with the elastomeric element (36) being located on winged lid (6) inwall, on winged lid (6)
Being provided with proximity switch (37), display lamp (38) is connected with power supply by proximity switch (37), and gripper shoe (41) is close to proximity switch
(37), proximity switch (37) starts, and display lamp (38) forms loop with power supply.
A kind of soil expansion stress test dress simulating immersion-air-dried Circulation the most according to claim 1 and 2
Put, it is characterized in that: described cutting ring (5) outer wall winding screw adds heat pipe (14), helical heating pipe (14) external temperature controller
(35).
A kind of soil expansion stress test device simulating immersion-air-dried Circulation the most according to claim 1, its
Feature is: described stress test device also includes that portal frame 2, portal frame 2 are fixed by fixing bolt with base (9), water
Box (8) is located on base (9)；
Handle (1) is located on portal frame (2), and load transducer (25) contacts with handle (1).
A kind of soil expansion stress test device simulating immersion-air-dried Circulation the most according to claim 1, its
Feature is: described base (9) bottom is provided with the horizontal adjustment bolt (10) that can regulate level.
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