CN105203410B - A kind of experimental rig for being used to measure rock shearing creep properties - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig for being used to measure rock shearing creep properties Download PDFInfo
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- CN105203410B CN105203410B CN201510677616.7A CN201510677616A CN105203410B CN 105203410 B CN105203410 B CN 105203410B CN 201510677616 A CN201510677616 A CN 201510677616A CN 105203410 B CN105203410 B CN 105203410B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering field, and in particular to a kind of experimental rig for being used to measure rock shearing creep properties during drying and watering cycle.The experimental rig include rock sample is pressed loading device, to the measurement apparatus that rock sample deformation is measured after pressure, and rock sample is done drying and watering cycle handle wetting and drying cycle apparatus；The experimental rig also includes the box body for being used to accommodate rock sample communicated with the wetting and drying cycle apparatus, shear surface of the box body along rock sample separates to form the box of the first shearing half, the second half box of shearing, second shearing, half box is fixed by fixing device, and described loading device is sheared on half box along shear surface and the pressuring direction vertical with shear surface in first.The experimental rig can carry out real-time monitored and measurement to deflection, shear strength parameter, failure mode of rock sample under the conditions of simulation reservoir level cyclically-varying after different drying moistening cycles etc..
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering field, and in particular to one kind is used to measure rock shearing creep during drying and watering cycle
The experimental rig of characteristic.
Background technology
Reservoir level cyclically-varying causes Rock And Soil to be always at " drying-satisfy water " active state, thus caused engineering
Geological disaster has caused the attention of numerous scholars and engineering circles, and the interaction of research water petrofacies turns into the focus in Geotechnical Engineering
Problem.Water petrofacies interaction is mainly shown as：(1) interaction of water petrofacies causes the mineralogical composition of Rock And Soil, porosity, cement
And its permutation and combination method changes, so as to cause damage of rock, cause its shear strength parameter to be greatly lowered, lead
The destruction of soft rock is caused, or even causes the unstability of reservoir stability, the long-time stability to Geotechnical Engineering produce threat；(2) preservation in
Rock mass can produce " creep " phenomenon under stress field action for a long time during drying and watering cycle, and the creep properties of rock mass determines that rock mass exists
Under stress, deformation can gradually increase with the time, ultimately result in rock mass creep destruction.Water petrofacies interaction causes inside rock mass
Change, cause damage of rock, it is easier to occur creep.
Foundation《Water power hydraulic engineering rock test code》(DL/T 5368-2007), rock sample is submerged freedom
Water suction is taken out after 48 hours, and the rock sample is put into drying box, taken out after being dried 24 hours at 45 DEG C, as one " dry-
Full water " cyclic process.The method accurately simulates the shape in rock during drying and watering cycle under reservoir level mechanical periodicity
State.The rock power after different number of times drying and watering cycles effect is focused primarily upon for the influence research that drying and watering cycle is acted on to rock
The research of characteristic is learned, creep characteristic of rock is at present also in the starting stage in research drying and watering cycle effect, and quantitative measure is relevant
The experiment of important parameter is seldom, particularly shear strength parameter, so as to limit the development of Mineral rheology theoretical system.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of experimental rig for being used to measure rock shearing creep properties during drying and watering cycle, the dress
Put simple in construction, with low cost, can to simulation reservoir level cyclically-varying under the conditions of after different drying moistening cycles
Deflection, shear strength parameter, failure mode of rock sample etc. carry out real-time monitored and measurement.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of experimental rig for being used to measure rock shearing creep properties, including the loading dress pressed to rock sample
Put, to the measurement apparatus that rock sample deformation is measured after pressure, and the dry and wet of drying and watering cycle processing is done to rock sample
EGR；The experimental rig also includes the box body for being used to accommodate rock sample communicated with the wetting and drying cycle apparatus, described
Shear surface of the box body along rock sample separates to form the box of the first shearing half, the second half box of shearing, and second shearing, half box leads to
Cross fixing device to fix, described loading device is sheared along shear surface and the pressuring direction vertical with shear surface in first
On half box.
Further technical scheme：The water filling that the wetting and drying cycle apparatus includes carrying out rock sample full water process is set
Firing equipment standby and that hot gas drying processing is carried out to rock sample, the water injection equipment, firing equipment and tray interior phase
It is logical, it is additionally provided with moisture outlet on the box body.
Further technical scheme：The shear surface of the rock sample is located in horizontal plane, first shearing, half box, the
Two half boxes of shearing are square structure and arranged up and down；The loading device includes Vertical loading unit and horizontal addload unit, institute
State the vertical jack that Vertical loading unit includes vertically acting on the box top of the first shearing half, the horizontal addload list
Member includes the level jack that the box side of the first shearing half is acted on along horizontal shear direction.
Further technical scheme：The permeable layer of square structure, institute are provided with the box body between rock sample and box body
The passage that the gap between permeable layer and box body constitutes water or hot gas in box is stated, the permeable layer is uniformly provided with thickness direction
Some cylindrical holes.
Further technical scheme：The measurement apparatus includes the vertical displacement meter and horizontal position being fixed on Magnetic gauge stand
Meter is moved, the contact of the vertical displacement meter is in contact with the vertical displacement pole being connected on vertical jack, the horizontal position
The contact for moving meter is in contact with the horizontal displacement pole being connected in level jack, described vertical displacement strut lengths direction
Vertical with the force direction of vertical jack, described horizontal displacement strut lengths direction and the force direction of level jack are hung down
Directly.
Further technical scheme：The water injection equipment, firing equipment are communicated by the first threeway with tray interior, described
Water intaking valve is provided between water injection equipment and the first threeway, intake valve is provided between the firing equipment and the first threeway；Described
One half box top of shearing is sequentially provided with the backing plate arranged in the horizontal direction, the first pressure transmission plate, and the first pressure transmission plate passes through rolling bearing
With the piston end plate contact of vertical jack；The first pressure transmission plate, backing plate be provided with for the first threeway outlet stool with
The hole that tray interior is communicated, wherein the first pressure transmission plate side and lower face are run through in the hole on the first pressure transmission plate.
Further technical scheme：The moisture outlet is located at the bottom surface of the second half box of shearing, the moisture outlet and the
The one of branch pipe of two threeways is communicated, and air bleeding valve, draining valve are respectively equipped with two other branch pipe of the second threeway.
Further technical scheme：First shearing, half box side has been sequentially arranged and the described first half box of shearing side
Parallel push pedal, the second pressure transmission plate, the second pressure transmission plate are contacted with the level jack.
Further technical scheme：The experimental rig also includes fixing device, and the fixing device includes base, and
The vertical rigid posts being built up on base, reaction frame, the rigid posts are provided with for fixed vertical loading unit
It is fixedly connected with the horizontal addload unit, the base and is additionally provided with for fixing second on entablature, the reaction frame
The keeper of half box is sheared, and plate face is parallel to each other and the baffle plate perpendicular to base, the 3rd pressure transmission plate, the baffle plate, the 3rd
Pressure transmission plate acts on opposite direction from horizontal shear and is resisted against on the side of the box of the second shearing half, baffle plate be located at the 3rd pressure transmission plate with
Between second half box of shearing.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) by above-mentioned experiment, under the conditions of can simulating reservoir level cyclically-varying, after different drying moistening cycles
Rock sample shear creep process, deflection, failure mode to rock sample etc. can carry out real-time monitored and measurement,
It can be calculated by corresponding pressure data and measured value and obtain shear strength parameter.The experimental rig is used, installation process letter
Singly, conveniently, wide using scope while simple in construction, it is easy to operate, the precision of measurement is high, and service life is long.
(2) experimental rig is by setting box body not only more can relevantly simulate reservoir level cyclically-varying condition
Under, the rock sample after different drying moistening cycles, and also achieve all shear creeps are completed on a table apparatus
Process of the test.
(3) permeable layer can be such that water or hot gas is fully contacted with rock sample, and drying and watering cycle terminates, be also easier to water or
Vapour is discharged, and further ensures that accuracy, the validity of the operation of drying and watering cycle processing procedure.
(4) the shear creep deflection of corresponding rock sample can be obtained by vertical displacement meter and horizontal displacement meter,
The rule, characteristic, failure mode of rock sample shear creep process are further learnt, and calculating obtains shear strength parameter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of box body in the present invention.
The concrete meaning of reference is as follows in accompanying drawing：
1- rigid posts 2- entablature 3- base 4- reaction frame 6- level jacks
7- horizontal displacement pole 8- horizontal displacement meter 9- push pedals 10- the second pressure transmission plates
11- keepers 12- first shears the half box 13- second shearing pressure transmission plates of half box 14- the 3rd
15- baffle plate 16- backing plates 17- the first block for transmitting pressure 18- ball bearing 19- piston end plates
The vertical jack 21- vertical displacement meters 22- vertical displacements pole 23- water intaking valves of 20-
24- intake valve 25- water injection equipment 26- firing equipment 27- air bleeding valve 28- draining valves
Embodiment
It is further described with reference to Fig. 1,2 pairs of structures and the course of work of the present invention：
A kind of experimental rig for being used to measure rock shearing creep properties, including the loading dress pressed to rock sample
Put, to the measurement apparatus that rock sample deformation is measured after pressure, and the dry and wet of drying and watering cycle processing is done to rock sample
EGR；The experimental rig also includes the box body for being used to accommodate rock sample communicated with the wetting and drying cycle apparatus, described
Shear surface 30 separation of the box body along rock sample 29 forms first and shears half box 12, second, half box 13 of shearing, and described second cuts
Cut half box 13 to fix by fixing device, described loading device is applied along shear surface 30 and the direction vertical with shear surface
It is pressed on the box 12 of the first shearing half.The above-mentioned experimental rig course of work：Box body is installed first, and to the second half box 13 of shearing
It is fixed, then using loading device according to pressure value is preset, along the pressuring direction vertical with shear surface in first
Half box 12 is sheared, then rock sample 29 carries out first water filling, dried afterwards into box body by wetting and drying cycle apparatus, that is, completes dry and wet
Circulating treatment procedure, is finally cut according to pressure value is preset using loading device along the pressuring direction of shear surface 30 in first
Cut on half box 12, while keeping pressure stability, the deformation of rock sample 29 is measured by measurement apparatus.By above-mentioned
Experiment, under the conditions of can simulating reservoir level cyclically-varying, the shearing of the rock sample 29 after different drying moistening cycles
Creep process, deflection, failure mode to rock sample 29 etc. can carry out real-time monitored and measurement, pass through corresponding pressure
Data and measured value, which can be calculated, obtains shear strength parameter.The experimental rig is used, installation process is simple, conveniently, is tied simultaneously
Structure is simple, it is easy to operate, wide using scope, and the precision of measurement is high, and service life is long.
The wetting and drying cycle apparatus includes carrying out rock sample 29 water injection equipment 25 of full water process and rock is tried
Sample 29 carries out the firing equipment 26 of hot gas drying processing, and the water injection equipment 25, firing equipment 26 are communicated with tray interior, described
Moisture outlet is additionally provided with box body.Injected water into by water injection equipment 25 in box body, the quilt of rock sample 29 in box body
Water soaks, and according to setting time is tested, immersion a period of time, is then shut off water intaking valve 23, opens draining valve 28, then opens and add
Hot equipment 26, send hot blast that rock sample 29 is dried by firing equipment into box body, dry moisture outlet discharge.Should
Under the conditions of experimental rig not only more can relevantly simulate reservoir level cyclically-varying by setting box body, by different dry and wets
Rock sample 29 after cycle-index, and also achieve all shear creep test processes are completed on a table apparatus.
A kind of measurement scheme of optimal experimental rig is provided here：The shear surface 30 of the rock sample is located at horizontal plane
Interior, first shearing, half box 12, second shears half box 13 and is square structure and arranges up and down；The loading device includes vertical
Loading unit and horizontal addload unit, the Vertical loading unit include vertically acting on the box top of the first shearing half
Vertical jack 20, the horizontal addload unit includes acting on the level of the side of half box of the first shearing 12 along horizontal shear direction
Jack 6.The installation and measurement of the more convenient experimental rig in measurement orientation, it is ensured that test measurement precision.
Be provided with the permeable layer of square structure in the box body between rock sample 29 and box body, the permeable layer and box body it
Between gap constitute the passage 31 of water or hot gas in box, the permeable layer is uniformly provided with some cylindrical holes 32 on thickness direction.
The permeable layer can be such that water or hot gas is fully contacted with rock sample 29, and drying and watering cycle terminates, and be also easier to water or vapour progress
Discharge, further ensures that accuracy, the validity of drying and watering cycle processing procedure operation.
The measurement apparatus includes the vertical displacement meter 21 and horizontal displacement meter 8 being fixed on Magnetic gauge stand, described vertical
The contact of displacement meter 21 is in contact with the vertical displacement pole 22 being connected on vertical jack 20, the horizontal displacement meter 8
Contact is in contact with the horizontal displacement pole 7 being connected in level jack 6, the described length direction of vertical displacement pole 22 with
The force direction of vertical jack 20 is vertical, the described length direction of horizontal displacement pole 7 and the force direction of level jack 6
Vertically.After i.e. vertical jack 20, level jack 6 are acted on box body, the rock sample 29 in box body can occur one
Fixed shear creep deformation, corresponding vertical displacement pole 22, horizontal displacement pole 7 can also be subjected to displacement, and pass through vertical displacement meter
21 and horizontal displacement meter 8 can show vertical displacement pole 22, the displacement of horizontal displacement pole 7 respectively, so as to obtain corresponding
Rock sample 29 shear creep deflection, further learn the rule and characteristic of the shear creep process of rock sample 29.
The water injection equipment 25, firing equipment 26 are communicated by the first threeway with tray interior, the water injection equipment 25 with
Water intaking valve 23 is provided between first threeway, intake valve 24 is provided between the threeway of firing equipment 26 and first；Described first cuts
Cut the top surface of half box 12 and be sequentially provided with the backing plate 16 arranged in the horizontal direction, the first pressure transmission plate 17, the first pressure transmission plate 17 is by rolling
Bearing 18 is contacted with the piston end plate 19 of vertical jack；The first pressure transmission plate 17, backing plate 16, which are provided with, supplies the described 1st
The hole that logical outlet stool is communicated with tray interior, wherein the first pressure transmission plate side and lower plate are run through in the hole on the first pressure transmission plate 17
Face.Water injection equipment 25, firing equipment 26 are communicated by the first pressure transmission plate 17, backing plate 16 provided with upper hole with box body, such cloth
Put so that the experimental rig integral layout is more compact, in addition when doing drying and watering cycle processing, it can be ensured that water or hot blast can be with
Enter from the surface of rock sample 29 in box body, to enable rock sample 29 fully to be contacted with water or hot blast.
The moisture outlet is located at the bottom surface of the second half box 13 of shearing, the moisture outlet and the one of branch of the second threeway
Pipe is communicated, and air bleeding valve 27, draining valve 28 are respectively equipped with two other branch pipe of the second threeway.When doing full water process, the row of closing
Air valve 27, draining valve 28, full water process terminates, it is necessary to processing, which is dried, turns on air bleeding valve 27, draining valve 28, be easy to water and
The exclusion of hot vapour.
First shearing, half box 12 side be sequentially arranged the push pedal 9 parallel with the side of the described first half box of shearing 12,
Second pressure transmission plate 10, the second pressure transmission plate 10 is contacted with the level jack 6.
The experimental rig also includes fixing device, and the fixing device includes base 3, and is vertically built up in base 3
On rigid posts 1, reaction frame 4, the rigid posts 1 be provided with for fixed vertical loading unit entablature 2, it is described
It is fixedly connected with the horizontal addload unit, the base 3 and is additionally provided with for fixing the box 13 of the second shearing half on reaction frame 4
Keeper 11, and plate face is parallel to each other and the baffle plate 15 perpendicular to base, the 3rd pressure transmission plate 14, the baffle plate the 15, the 3rd
Pressure transmission plate 14 acts on opposite direction from horizontal shear and is resisted against on the side of the box 13 of the second shearing half, and baffle plate 15 is located at the 3rd and passed
Pressing plate 14 and second is sheared between half box 13.
The specifically course of work of the above-mentioned experimental rig for measuring rock shearing creep properties is as follows：
The first step, measures the size and record of rock sample 29, rock sample 29 is put into box body, then box body is put
It is placed on base 3, the second half box 13 of shearing is fixed；The first shearing top surface of half box 12 is placed into the first pressure transmission with holes
Block 17 and backing plate 16, and the position in hole of aliging, are fully contacted by ball bearing 18 with the first block for transmitting pressure 17, vertical jack 20
Pressurized Vertical load is to pressure value set in advance；Place push pedal 9, the second pressure transmission that box body both sides are arranged along shear direction
Plate 10, the second pressure transmission plate 10, placement horizontal displacement meter 8 and vertical displacement meter 21 are slowly contacted by level jack 6, and record is opened
The shift value of beginning.
Second step, installs water filling device and heater, according to experimental design step, first starting mode of pump, sets
Water velocity, closes intake valve 24, opens water intaking valve 23, the water filling into box body, water velocity is slow so that water can fully with
Rock sample 29 is contacted；After rock sample 29 soaks 48 hours, water intaking valve 24 is closed, intake valve 24 and air outlet valve 27 is opened, adjusted
Saving temperature control device sets heating-up temperature to be 45 DEG C, starts heater, and sets the flow velocity of air-flow, allows hot blast to lead in box body
Cross and circulate 24 hours, that is, complete " drying and watering cycle " process.
3rd step, when shearing test starts, the oil pump connected by level jack 6 is cut to rock sample 29 positioned at first
The part cut in half box 12 is loaded, when reaching experimental design payload values, stops loading, and system is kept constant pressure shape
State, when system is influenceed pressure to be varied from by environmental change, stable-pressure device can be to the timely ftercompction of horizontal loading so that whole
Individual system all keeps constant pressure at any time.Changed by the reading of horizontal displacement meter 8 and vertical displacement meter 21, can drawn
Deformation rule and feature of the rock sample 29 under different drying moistening cycles, different conditions, you can simulation is assigned in reservoir level
The creep properties of rock mass under mechanical periodicity.
According to experimental design requirement, repeat the above steps, multigroup vertical stress-shear stress (σ-τ) numerical value can be obtained,
So as to draw out strength envelope, the shear strength parameter of rock is obtained.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of experimental rig for being used to measure rock shearing creep properties, it is characterised in that：Including being applied to rock sample
The loading device of pressure, to the measurement apparatus that rock sample deformation is measured after pressure, and to rock sample do drying and watering cycle
The wetting and drying cycle apparatus of processing；The experimental rig with the wetting and drying cycle apparatus also including communicating for accommodating rock sample
Box body, shear surface (30) separation of the box body along rock sample (29) forms first and shears half box (12), the second shearing half
Box (13), second half box of shearing (13) is fixed by fixing device, described loading device along shear surface (30) and
The pressuring direction vertical with shear surface is on the first half box of shearing (12)；
Rock sample (29) is provided with the permeable layer of square structure between box body in the box body, between the permeable layer and box body
Gap constitute the passage (31) of water or hot gas in box, the permeable layer is uniformly provided with some cylindrical holes on thickness direction
(32)；
The wetting and drying cycle apparatus includes carrying out rock sample the water injection equipment (25) of full water process and rock sample is entered
The firing equipment (26) of row hot gas drying processing, the water injection equipment (25), firing equipment (26) are communicated with tray interior, described
Moisture outlet is additionally provided with box body.
2. experimental rig as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The shear surface (30) of the rock sample is located at horizontal plane
Interior, first half box of shearing (12), the second half box of shearing (13) are square structure and arranged up and down；The loading device includes
Vertical loading unit and horizontal addload unit, the Vertical loading unit include vertically acting on the box top of the first shearing half
The vertical jack (20) in face, the horizontal addload unit includes acting on the box of the first shearing half (12) side along horizontal shear direction
The level jack (6) in face.
3. experimental rig as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The measurement apparatus includes being fixed on Magnetic gauge stand
Vertical displacement meter (21) and horizontal displacement meter (8), the contact jack (20) vertical with being connected to of the vertical displacement meter (21)
On vertical displacement pole (22) be in contact, the contact of the horizontal displacement meter (8) and the water being connected in level jack (6)
Prosposition moves pole (7) and is in contact, the force direction of described vertical displacement pole (22) length direction and vertical jack (20)
Vertically, described horizontal displacement pole (7) length direction is vertical with the force direction of level jack (6).
4. experimental rig as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The water injection equipment (25), firing equipment (26) pass through
First threeway is communicated with tray interior, and water intaking valve (23), the heating are provided between the water injection equipment (25) and the first threeway
Intake valve (24) is provided between equipment (26) and the first threeway；Described first shearing, half box (12) top surface is sequentially provided with along level side
To the backing plate (16) of arrangement, the first pressure transmission plate (17), the first pressure transmission plate (17) passes through rolling bearing (18) and vertical jack
Piston end plate (19) is contacted；The first pressure transmission plate (17), backing plate (16), which are provided with, supplies the first threeway outlet stool and box
The hole that internal portion is communicated, wherein the first pressure transmission plate side and lower face are run through in the hole on the first pressure transmission plate (17).
5. experimental rig as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The moisture outlet is located at the second half box of shearing (13)
Bottom surface, the moisture outlet is communicated with the one of branch pipe of the second threeway, the row of being respectively equipped with two other branch pipe of the second threeway
Air valve (27), draining valve (28).
6. experimental rig as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：First half box of shearing (12) has been sequentially arranged sideways
With the described first half box of shearing (12) parallel push pedal (9) in side, the second pressure transmission plate (10), the second pressure transmission plate (10) and institute
State level jack (6) contact.
7. experimental rig as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The experimental rig also includes fixing device, described solid
Determine device including base (3), and be vertically built up on base (3) rigid posts (1), reaction frame (4), the rigidity stands
Post (1) is provided with the entablature (2) for fixed vertical loading unit, the reaction frame (4) and is fixedly connected with the water
The keeper (11) for fixing the box of the second shearing half (13), and plate face phase are additionally provided with flat loading unit, the base (3)
Mutual baffle plate (15), the 3rd pressure transmission plate (14) parallel and perpendicular to base, the baffle plate (15), the 3rd pressure transmission plate (14) are from level
The opposite direction of shear action is resisted against on the side of the box of the second shearing half (13), baffle plate (15) be located at the 3rd pressure transmission plate (14) with
Between second half box of shearing (13).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510677616.7A CN105203410B (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2015-10-15 | A kind of experimental rig for being used to measure rock shearing creep properties |
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| CN201510677616.7A CN105203410B (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2015-10-15 | A kind of experimental rig for being used to measure rock shearing creep properties |
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| CN105203410B true CN105203410B (en) | 2017-08-29 |
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| CN102564868A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-07-11 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Water-saturated shear box for water-rock interaction of soft rock |
| CN203216804U (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-09-25 | 合肥工业大学 | Uniaxial rock compression creepmeter in dry-wet circulating process |
| CN103076230B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-07-30 | 重庆交通大学 | Test method and test device of mechanical properties of soil-structure contact surface |
| CN205138906U (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-04-06 | 安徽省建筑科学研究设计院 | A test device for measuring rock shear creep characteristic |
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