CN105865089B - A kind of pin rib wall surface micro-channel heat exchanger - Google Patents
A kind of pin rib wall surface micro-channel heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105865089B CN105865089B CN201610245384.2A CN201610245384A CN105865089B CN 105865089 B CN105865089 B CN 105865089B CN 201610245384 A CN201610245384 A CN 201610245384A CN 105865089 B CN105865089 B CN 105865089B
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- Prior art keywords
- pin rib
- heat exchanger
- wall surface
- pin
- silicon chip
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
- F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/02—Details of evaporators
- F25B2339/024—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger
- F25B2339/0241—Evaporators with refrigerant in a vessel in which is situated a heat exchanger having plate-like elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/042—Details of condensers of pcm condensers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pin rib wall surface micro-channel heat exchangers belonged in minute yardstick phase-change heat transfer technical field.The heat exchanger includes the first silicon chip and the second silicon chip that are bonded together, heat exchanger entrance and heat exchanger outlet are machined on second silicon chip, surface is machined with pin rib wall surface microchannel, and pin rib wall surface microchannel is between heat exchanger entrance and heat exchanger outlet;Pin rib wall surface microchannel separates into 12 optical channels by 11 step pin rib walls, and step pin rib wall is made of a large amount of single pin rib columns, and including pin rib compact district and pin rib puffs, pin rib puffs are located at the both sides of pin rib compact district.When the heat exchanger overcomes conventional microchannel phase-change heat transfer the problem of flow instabilities, there is overstable operation wall temperature when two-phase exchanges heat, and integrate evaporator and condenser function, there is inherent advantage in product commercialization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to minute yardstick phase-change heat transfer technical fields, and in particular to a kind of pin rib wall surface micro-channel heat exchanger.
Background technology
Fluid is heated in conventional microchannel heat exchanger when undergoing phase transition, since passage water conservancy diameter is small, after bubble generates
Can only in the flowing direction upstream or downstream expansion, here it is occur that two-phase diabatic process commonly encounters in microchannel " by
Limit bubble " phenomenon.The channel size reduced weakens the 3D effects of passage, makes the very easy blocking channel of bubble of generation,
Cause serious flow instability in single channel.In addition, the micro-channel heat exchanger with application value is often using simultaneously unicom
The form in road, inherently there are various flow rate solution between parallel port under same drive ram, in addition the influence of " limited bubble ",
So that two-phase flow becomes extremely unstable in microchannel.
Under same hot-fluid load, the unstable erratic fluctuations for directly resulting in cooling wall temperature of flowing.When in face of precision
During the accurate temperature controlling condition that experimentation needs, conventional microchannel can not provide stable wall temperature.Stablize to develop high-performance
Micro- cooling system, there is an urgent need for research and develop a kind of micro-channel heat exchanger that can realize precise and stable temperature control.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the microchannels that a kind of pin rib wall surface regulation and control two phase flow signals reach accurate temperature controlling effect
Heat exchanger, the technical solution taken are as follows:
A kind of pin rib wall surface micro channel heat exchanger, the heat exchanger include the first silicon chip 1 and the second silicon chip 2,
First silicon chip 1 and the second silicon chip 2 are bonded together using high-voltage electrostatic field bonding techniques;
Heat exchanger entrance 4 and heat exchanger outlet 6, table are machined with by dry etching method on second silicon chip 2
Face is machined with pin rib wall surface microchannel by MEMS technology, and pin rib wall surface microchannel is located at heat exchanger entrance 4 and heat exchange
Between device outlet 6;The pin rib wall surface microchannel separates into 12 optical channels 9 by 11 step pin rib walls 3;The step pin rib
Wall 3 is made of a large amount of single pin rib columns 5, and including pin rib compact district 7 and pin rib puffs 8, it is intensive that pin rib puffs 8 are located at pin rib
The both sides in area 7;5 high 75 μm of the pin rib column, cross section are square, and the section length of side is 15 μm.
3 wide 336 μm of the step pin rib wall is 75 μm high;The distance between 7 two neighboring pin rib column 5 of pin rib compact district is 5
μm, 116 μm of overall width, the distance between 8 two neighboring pin rib column 5 of pin rib puffs is 15 μm, and overall width is 220 μm.
9 wide 164 μm of the optical channel, it is 75 μm deep.
The thickness of second silicon chip 2 is 400 μm.
The heat exchanger realizes that the principle of overstable operation wall temperature is:Pin rib wall surface has substantial amounts of corner angle, is passage
The nucleation boiling of interior fluid provides a large amount of coring caves, and the bubble of generation is close due to the pin rib of traction from the step pin rib wall of capillary force
Ji Qu is swum automatically to a certain optical channel.Since bubble expansion causes its pressure slightly to rise in the optical channel, make step pin rib wall
Fluid flow to adjacent optical channel, change the dissipation direction of bubble, be thusly-formed the alternating of bubble in adjacent optical channel
Harmomegathus.
In flow boiling heat transfer, heat transfer coefficient is related to two-phase heat transfer area, and the alternating harmomegathus of bubble means equivalent
Two-phase heat transfer area alternately changes so that the localized heat transfer effect of adjacent optical channel does small floating, wall temperature around equalization point
The minor fluctuations with the floating of optical channel local heat transfer coefficient, realize the overstable operation of wall temperature.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, " limited bubble " blocking channel causes strongly not when the heat exchanger overcomes conventional microchannel phase-change heat transfer
The problem of steady flow, and then reduce between conventional tubeless wall surface parallel port due to there are various flow solution, and in entrance
Generate the mixed unstability for causing parallel port of friendship of flow;" high-frequency fluctuation " feature is presented in gas-liquid two-phase interface in optical channel,
Channel wall temperature fluctuation amplitude is less than 0.1 DEG C when so that the two-phase is exchanged heat, and has overstable operation wall temperature, to inhibit flow instabilities
Provide new direction;
2nd, the friendship of fluid mixes and has promoted augmentation of heat transfer in pin rib wall surface microchannel, is provided newly for the design of high-performance heat exchanger
Thinking;
3rd, the heat exchanger integrates evaporator and condenser function, is especially advantageous for producing in batches in the industrial production
It is exchanged with product, there is inherent advantage in product commercialization.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the appearance diagram of the heat exchanger.
Fig. 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the heat exchanger.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of step pin rib wall.
Fig. 4 is that bubble is grown and the schematic diagram of dissipation outward from pin rib compact district during boiling heat transfer.
Fig. 5 is gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern figure in optical channel;Wherein, Pg,i, Pf,iIt is saturation in bubble in i-th of optical channel respectively
Gas pressure and the outer fluid pressure of bubble, Pg,i+1, Pf,i+1Be respectively in i+1 optical channel in bubble saturated gas pressure with
The outer fluid pressure of bubble.
Figure label is respectively:The first silicon chips of 1-, the second silicon chips of 2-, 3- step pin ribs wall, 4- heat exchanger entrances, 5-
Pin rib column, 6- heat exchanger exits, 7- pin ribs compact district, 8- pin ribs puffs, 9- optical channels.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but protection scope of the present invention is without being limited thereto.
Embodiment
A kind of pin rib wall surface micro channel heat exchanger, the heat exchanger include the first silicon chip 1 and the second silicon chip 2,
First silicon chip 1 and the second silicon chip 2 are bonded together using high-voltage electrostatic field bonding techniques;
Heat exchanger entrance 4 and heat exchanger outlet 6, table are machined with by dry etching method on second silicon chip 2
Face is machined with pin rib wall surface microchannel by MEMS technology, and pin rib wall surface microchannel is located at heat exchanger entrance 4 and heat exchange
Between device outlet 6;The pin rib wall surface microchannel separates into 12 optical channels 9 by 11 step pin rib walls 3;The step pin rib
Wall 3 is made of a large amount of single pin rib columns 5, and including pin rib compact district 7 and pin rib puffs 8, it is intensive that pin rib puffs 8 are located at pin rib
The both sides in area 7;5 high 75 μm of the pin rib column, cross section are square, and the section length of side is 15 μm.
3 wide 336 μm of the step pin rib wall is 75 μm high;The distance between 7 two neighboring pin rib column 5 of pin rib compact district is 5
μm, 116 μm of overall width, the distance between 8 two neighboring pin rib column 5 of pin rib puffs is 15 μm, and overall width is 220 μm.
9 wide 164 μm of the optical channel, it is 75 μm deep.
The thickness of second silicon chip 2 is 400 μm.
The heat exchanger includes gas liquid two-phase flow with the step of coupling adjusting and stability adjusting of conducting heat:
(1) phase-change heat transfer is carried out after the heat that the refrigerant at heat exchanger entrance is distributed in the enough heat sources of receiving, it is trapezoidal
The pin rib substantial amounts of corner angle in wall pin rib compact district provide substantial amounts of boiling nucleation cave for refrigerant, and bubble is generated from boiling nucleation cave
With grow up, under the action of capillary tractive force and evaporation momentum force, the bubble of pin rib compact district during growing up constantly to
The optical channel dissipation of both sides.Bubble dissipation process is as shown in figure 4, bubble produces in the boiling nucleation cave in pin rib compact district somewhere first
Raw, bubble starts gradually to grow up after absorbing the heat from step pin rib wall surface;On the one hand bubble is subject to edge in growth process
On the one hand the impact force of flow direction upstream fluid is subject to capillary tractive force of the small space of pin rib wall to large space, make bubble from
The pin rib compact district dissipation of step pin rib wall completes the passive regulation and control of two phase flow signals in heat exchanger to optical channel.
(2) bubble is after a certain sidelight passage dissipation, and based on film convection current heat-transfer mechanism, bubble is in the work of evaporation momentum force
With lower rapid increase, on the one hand increased bubble raises the fluid temperature (F.T.) in the optical channel, saturation pressure rise, on the other hand
Reduce the area of section in the optical channel shared by liquid, effective water conservancy diameter of liquid flowing reduces, and liquid phase resistance is caused to increase
Add;Force action in terms of the two makes fluid in the optical channel flow to adjacent optical channel across trapezoidal pin rib wall, adds
Use is mixed up in the friendship of Zhen Lei areas fluid, enhances heat exchange, while balances the pressure difference between adjacent optical channel, cuts adjacent optical channel
Reversed property is presented in face air content at any time.Fig. 5 is gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern figure in optical channel, and gas phase is collected in optical channel, according to
Pressure balance has Pg,i+Pf,i=Pg,i+1+Pf,i+1;According to The Ideal-Gas Equation, it is assumed that gas density is constant, saturated gas
Pressure is the monotropic function of saturation temperature, and the saturation temperature at same section is suitable, therefore the saturation in adjacent optical channel in bubble
Gas pressure Pg,iAnd Pg,i+1It is equal;Meanwhile the outer fluid pressure of bubble in i-th of optical channelμ in formulaf- liquid
Body dynamic viscosity, L- bubble lengths, mf- fluid mass flow rate, Deff- effective flowing diameter;When bubble width increases in i optical channels
Added-time, effective circulation diameter D of liquid in the optical channeleffReduce, resistance increase causes Pf,i> Pf,i+1, make liquid from i-th
Optical channel flows to i+1 optical channel, realizes that the friendship of pressure and liquid mixes in adjacent optical channel, the friendship of liquid radial direction mixes increase two
The stability of heat exchanger operation has been greatly reinforced while phase heat transfer coefficient.
(3) when certain optical channel section, air content increases, Local Condensing Heat Transfer Coefficients increase, and wall temperature declines, when section air content
During reduction, local heat transfer coefficient reduces, and wall temperature rises;Air content is in inverse change at any time with wall temperature in i.e. same optical channel,
The wall temperature of same optical channel and interface air content is made to change with time and reversed property is presented;Adjacent optical channel section air content is at any time
Between reversed property, the wall temperature of same optical channel and section air content be presented change with time and present two in reversed property and optical channel
The high-frequency fluctuation of boundary completes the superregulated property that turbulent flow and heat transfer adjusts and runs wall temperature jointly.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of pin rib wall surface micro channel heat exchanger is the list of square including the second silicon chip (2) and by a large amount of cross sections
The step pin rib wall (3) of a pin rib column (5) composition, wherein being provided with heat exchanger entrance (4) on the second silicon chip (2), heat is handed over
Parallel operation exports (6) and pin rib wall surface microchannel, pin rib wall surface microchannel are located at heat exchanger entrance (4) and heat exchanger outlet
(6) between, which is characterized in that the micro channel heat exchanger further includes the first silicon chip (1), the first silicon chip (1) and second
Silicon chip (2) is bonded together using high-voltage electrostatic field bonding techniques;
The pin rib wall surface microchannel separates into 12 optical channels (9) by 11 step pin rib walls (3);Including pin rib compact district
(7) and pin rib puffs (8), pin rib puffs (8) are located at the both sides of pin rib compact district (7);The pin rib column (5) is 75 μm high,
The section length of side is 15 μm.
A kind of 2. pin rib wall surface micro channel heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step pin rib wall
(3) it is 336 μm wide, it is 75 μm high;The distance between two neighboring pin rib column (5) in pin rib compact district (7) is 5 μm, 116 μm of overall width,
The distance between two neighboring pin rib column (5) in pin rib puffs (8) is 15 μm, and overall width is 220 μm.
A kind of 3. pin rib wall surface micro channel heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the optical channel (9)
It is 164 μm wide, it is 75 μm deep.
A kind of 4. pin rib wall surface micro channel heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second silicon chip
(2) thickness is 400 μm.
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CN115451750B (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-06-28 | 安徽工业大学 | Passive grid microstructure for enhancing boiling heat transfer |
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