CN105856079B - 一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105856079B
CN105856079B CN201610307699.5A CN201610307699A CN105856079B CN 105856079 B CN105856079 B CN 105856079B CN 201610307699 A CN201610307699 A CN 201610307699A CN 105856079 B CN105856079 B CN 105856079B
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grinding wheel
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CN105856079A (zh
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田继华
朱海奎
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Jiangsu Ruiate Abrasives Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
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    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮及其制备方法，它包含以下重量分数的组分：低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷20～40％；白刚玉磨料50～70％；聚乙烯醇溶液5～15％。通过采用特定比例的低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷、白刚玉磨料和聚乙烯醇溶液，能够提高砂轮的强度，降低其烧结温度；而且烧成温度和烧成时间大幅降低，缩短了生产周期，降低了生产成本，提供了生产效率，适合大规模推广应用。

Description

一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于磨料磨具技术领域，涉及一种微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，具体涉及一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮及其制备方法。
背景技术
制造业是国民经济的支柱产业，而磨削加工技术是制造技术中的重要领域，是现代机械制造业中实现精密加工、超精密加工最有效、应用最广的工艺技术。随着工业发展的需要以及材料科学的不断突破和创新，各种高强度、高硬度、抗腐烛和耐高温的新型材料应运而生，为了实现这些材料的精密加工和超精密加工，满足人们对产品高精度、高品质需求，磨削加工技术得到了广泛的应用和发展。同其他方法相比，磨削技术具有加工精度高、应用范围广、加工表面质量好等优点，是精密加工和超精密加工中最基本的加工方法。
砂轮是磨削加工技术中使用最为广泛的加工工具，传统工艺制造的固结磨料砂轮是由不同粒度的磨粒利用结合剂将其固结成不同形状尺寸，且具有一定强度和刚性的用于磨削加工的磨具。其中，磨料是构成砂轮的主要原料，其具有较高的硬度和适当的脆性，在磨削过程中对工件起切削作用；结合剂的作用是将磨粒固结起来，使之成为一定形状和强度的磨具。按结合剂材料不同可分为树脂结合剂砂轮、金属结合剂砂轮和陶瓷结合剂砂轮。在工业生产中，金属结合剂和树脂结合剂制品已经获得了广泛的应用。虽然陶瓷结合剂磨具的出现晚于金属结合剂、树脂结合剂金刚石磨具。但随着工业发展的需要和对磨具要求的提高，使得陶瓷结合剂金刚石砂轮越来越受青睐，应用范围不断扩大，延伸的领域越来越多，有追赶和取代树脂结合剂磨具和金属结合剂磨具市场地位的趋势。
最新研究和发展起来的微晶玻璃陶瓷结合剂，是利用基础玻璃结合剂和磨料混合烧制成磨具以后，在一定的温度制度下进行核化和晶化处理，从而获得微晶玻璃陶瓷结合剂磨具制品，使用的结合剂即为微晶玻璃结合剂。微晶体可以大大的提高结合剂的机械强度，而对微晶体的种类和含量调整，可以使结合剂热膨胀系数在很大范围内变化。但是因技术不成熟，国内能够生产低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮的公司极少，与专用磨床配套的低温陶瓷结合剂砂轮全部需要进口，因此研究低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明目的是为了克服现有技术的不足而提供一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，它包含以下重量分数的组分：
低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷 20～40％；
白刚玉磨料 50～70％；
聚乙烯醇溶液 5～15％。
优化地，所述低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷包含以下重量分数的组分：
所述稀土添加剂为铈、钇和镨中一种或多种组成的混合物。
优化地，所述聚乙烯醇溶液由聚乙烯醇与水配制而成，其质量浓度为5～18％。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种上述低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮的制备方法，它包括以下步骤：
(a)将配方量的低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料、白刚玉磨料混合5～10h备用；
(b)将聚乙烯醇加入水中配制成聚乙烯醇溶液，随后取配方量加入步骤(a)的产物中，研磨后过筛得颗粒料，并压制成型；
(c)将步骤(b)得到的成型产品先以2～8℃/min的速度由室温升温至400℃，并保温1～5h；再以1～5℃/min的速度升温到600～800℃，并保温1～8h即可。
优化地，步骤(b)中，所述聚乙烯醇溶液的配制具体为：将聚乙烯醇浸泡到水中，搅拌使其溶胀；再置于沸水浴中3～5h使其溶解，冷却至室温后用20～50目的筛子过滤即可。
优化地，步骤(b)中，研磨后用20～50目的筛子过滤得小球状颗粒料，再将其倒入磨具中刮平，在50～200MPa的压力下压制成型。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：本发明低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，通过采用特定比例的低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷、白刚玉磨料和聚乙烯醇溶液，能够提高砂轮的强度，降低其烧结温度；而且烧成温度和烧成时间大幅降低，缩短了生产周期，降低了生产成本，提供了生产效率，适合大规模推广应用。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明进行进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，它包括以下重量分数的组分：低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料30％、白刚玉磨60％、聚乙烯醇溶液10％，低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料的组份和各组份重量百分比为：CaO 22％，SiO2 33％，B2O3 25％，Al2O3 5％，CeO2 5％，TiO2 5％，稀土添加剂5％，稀土添加剂为铈，聚乙烯醇溶液为质量浓度为8％的水溶液；
其制备方法包括以下步骤：
(a)将配方量的低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料、白刚玉磨料混合6h备用；
(b)将聚乙烯醇浸泡到水中，搅拌使其溶胀；再置于沸水浴中3h使其溶解，冷却至室温后用20目的筛子过滤的质量浓度为8％聚乙烯醇溶液；在将其加入步骤(a)的产物中，充分研磨后用20目的筛子过滤得小球状颗粒料，再将其倒入磨具中刮平，在100MPa的压力下压制成型；
(c)将步骤(b)得到的成型产品先以3℃/min的速度由室温升温至400℃，并保温4h；再以1℃/min的速度升温到700℃，并保温4h得低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，其抗折强度为85MPa。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，它包括以下重量分数的组分：低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料40％、白刚玉磨55％、聚乙烯醇溶液5％，低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料的组份和各组份重量百分比为：CaO 20％，SiO2 25％，B2O3 15％，Al2O3 15％，CeO2 10％，TiO2 10％，稀土添加剂5％，稀土添加剂为钇和镨按质量比1∶1组成的混合物，聚乙烯醇溶液为质量浓度为5％的水溶液；
其制备方法包括以下步骤：
(a)将配方量的低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料、白刚玉磨料混合5h备用；
(b)将聚乙烯醇浸泡到水中，搅拌使其溶胀；再置于沸水浴中5h使其溶解，冷却至室温后用50目的筛子过滤的质量浓度为5％聚乙烯醇溶液；在将其加入步骤(a)的产物中，充分研磨后用50目的筛子过滤得小球状颗粒料，再将其倒入磨具中刮平，在200MPa的压力下压制成型；
(c)将步骤(b)得到的成型产品先以8℃/min的速度由室温升温至400℃，并保温5h；再以5℃/min的速度升温到800℃，并保温1h得低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，其抗折强度为105MPa。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，它包括以下重量分数的组分：低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料20％、白刚玉磨70％、聚乙烯醇溶液10％，低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料的组份和各组份重量百分比为：CaO 30％，SiO2 34％，B2O3 10％，Al2O3 8％，CeO2 8％，TiO2 8％，稀土添加剂2％，稀土添加剂为钇，聚乙烯醇溶液为质量浓度为18％的水溶液；
其制备方法包括以下步骤：
(a)将配方量的低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料、白刚玉磨料混合10h备用；
(b)将聚乙烯醇浸泡到水中，搅拌使其溶胀；再置于沸水浴中4h使其溶解，冷却至室温后用30目的筛子过滤的质量浓度为18％聚乙烯醇溶液；在将其加入步骤(a)的产物中，充分研磨后用30目的筛子过滤得小球状颗粒料，再将其倒入磨具中刮平，在50MPa的压力下压制成型；
(c)将步骤(b)得到的成型产品先以2℃/min的速度由室温升温至400℃，并保温1h；再以3℃/min的速度升温到600℃，并保温8h得低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，其抗折强度为90MPa。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围，凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮，其特征在于，它由以下重量分数的组分组成：
低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷 20～40％；
白刚玉磨料 50～70％；
聚乙烯醇溶液 5～15％；
所述低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷包含以下重量分数的组分：
所述稀土添加剂为铈、钇和镨中一种或多种组成的混合物；所述聚乙烯醇溶液由聚乙烯醇与水配制而成，其质量浓度为5～18％。
2.权利要求1所述低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮的制备方法，其特征在于，它包括以下步骤：
(a)将配方量的低熔点微晶玻璃陶瓷料、白刚玉磨料混合5～10h备用；
(b)将聚乙烯醇加入水中配制成聚乙烯醇溶液，随后取配方量加入步骤(a)的产物中，研磨后过筛得颗粒料，并压制成型；
(c)将步骤(b)得到的成型产品先以2～8℃/min的速度由室温升温至400℃，并保温1～5h；再以1～5℃/min的速度升温到600～800℃，并保温1～8h即可。
3.根据权利要求2所述低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(b)中，所述聚乙烯醇溶液的配制具体为：将聚乙烯醇浸泡到水中，搅拌使其溶胀；再置于沸水浴中3～5h使其溶解，冷却至室温后用20～50目的筛子过滤即可。
4.根据权利要求2所述低温烧结高强微晶玻璃陶瓷砂轮的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤(b)中，研磨后用20～50目的筛子过滤得小球状颗粒料，再将其倒入磨具中刮平，在50～200MPa的压力下压制成型。
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