CN105842355A - 吴茱萸汤中人参皂苷的检测方法和应用 - Google Patents

吴茱萸汤中人参皂苷的检测方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN105842355A
CN105842355A CN201610168530.6A CN201610168530A CN105842355A CN 105842355 A CN105842355 A CN 105842355A CN 201610168530 A CN201610168530 A CN 201610168530A CN 105842355 A CN105842355 A CN 105842355A
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袁子悦
毕开顺
李清
许华容
胡紫霞
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Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
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Abstract

本发明属于中药鉴定方法学领域,涉及吴茱萸汤中人参皂苷的检测方法和应用,具体涉及人参皂苷体内外的检测方法和其在治疗偏头痛的吴茱萸汤中的作用。本发明采用现代的HPLC和质谱检测技术相结合,结果准确,重现性好,操作简便快速,符合生物样品分析的要求,以佐药人参为切入点,研究吴茱萸汤中相关成分的大鼠血浆药动学,为客观的评价复方组分在人体或动物体内的药动学规律以及以及其在复方中的作用提供方法学参考。

Description

吴茱萸汤中人参皂苷的检测方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于中药鉴定方法学领域,涉及吴茱萸汤中人参皂苷的检测方法和应用,具体涉及人参皂苷体内外的检测方法和其在治疗偏头痛的吴茱萸汤中的作用。
背景技术
人参自古作为“开心益智、轻身延年”的上品,临床应用已有几千年的历史,目前人们研究认为其在体内发挥疗效的主要药效成分是人参皂苷,现代药理研究表明,人参皂苷具有改善微循环、提高组织抗缺氧能力、抑制血小板聚集、Ca2+拮抗作用、影响前列腺素代谢、抗肿瘤、抗衰老、抗辐射等多种生物活性,近年来人们发现其在心血管系统中也具有较好的作用,可以保护心功能、阻滞钙通道、抗自由基、抗休克、抗脑缺血、保护脑损伤等。
人参中分离得到的化合物主要是人参皂苷类化合物,人参根含总皂苷约4%,是多种皂苷的混合物。根据皂苷元在酸性水解过程中转变得到的次皂苷元结构的不同,将人参皂苷分成原人参萜二醇型人参皂苷、原人参萜三醇型人参皂苷和齐墩果酸型人参皂苷,主要包括人参皂苷Rb1,Rb2,Rc,Rd,Re,Rg1等。人参皂苷Rb1具有营养神经,促进轴突外生和神经再生的作用,人参皂苷Rg3具有选择性抑制肿瘤细胞生长、浸润和转移的作用。
吴茱萸汤源自汉代张仲景的《伤寒论》,由吴茱萸(9g)、生姜(18g)、人参(9g)和大枣(4枚)四味中药组成。方中吴茱萸味辛性热,归肝肾脾胃经,温中下气止痛,温胃止呕,温肝降逆,温肾以止吐利,为君药;生姜味辛性温,归肺胃脾经,温胃散寒,降逆止呕,以助吴茱萸之力,为臣药;人参味甘微苦,性温,归脾肺经,补脾益气,以复中虚,以助吴茱萸温阳化浊之力,为佐药;大枣味甘性温,归脾胃经,调和诸药,益气补脾,为使药。
皂苷类成分吸收差生物利用度低,再加上其UV吸收差,通常的检测器难以达到其检测限。本发明拟采用不同条件下的HPLC、质谱技术,建立一种高效的以人参皂苷为切入点的体内外检测方法。
发明内容
本发明所解决的技术问题是提供一种在一个条件下同时定量检测体外或血浆中人参总皂苷的Rg1,Re,Rb1和Rd4成分的方法。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
1.制备储备液,可采用常规方法制备。
2.制备血浆,可采用常规方法制备。
3.色谱条件调整:C18色谱柱,流动相为甲醇-0.1%的甲酸溶液、0.5‰-0.1%甲酸水-0.5‰-0.1%甲酸乙腈,进行梯度洗脱。甲醇-0.1%的甲酸溶液中,甲醇的梯度为58%-90%。0.5‰甲酸水-0.5‰甲酸乙腈条件下,乙腈的梯度为20%-50%。0.1%甲酸水-0.1%甲酸乙腈条件下,水为45%-98%,乙腈为2%-55%流速0.2-1mL·min-1,柱温为20-35℃。
4.质谱条件调整:ESI正离子扫描碱金属加合峰[M+Na]+或[M+K]+。离子喷射电压5500V,源内气体1为310.275KPa,源内气体2为344.75KPa,气帘气体137.9KPa,源内温度500℃。检测方式为正离子检测,扫描方式为选择反应监测(MRM)方式。
电喷雾ESI离子源;气帘气为10ps;雾化气(GAS1)为40ps;加热辅助气(GAS2)为40ps;碰撞气CAD为Medium;喷雾电压IS为5500V;雾化温度为500℃;检测方式为正离子多离子反应检测。
一级全扫描条件:ESI正离子扫描,毛细管电压:2.8kV;锥孔电压:30V;提取电压:3.0V,透镜电压:0.0V;源温:120℃;脱溶剂气流速和温度分别为600ml/min和350℃;锥孔气:50ml/min。
5.软件分析
人参皂苷类成分在电喷雾离子源正离子扫描模式下有很强的碱金属加合峰[M+Na]+或[M+K]+,而准分子离子峰[M+H]+强度很弱或没有,这是因为人参皂苷的[M+H]+峰在离子源内具有十分强的热不稳定性,容易源内裂解(CID)成碎片,而[M+Na]+峰非常稳定。根据人参皂苷类成分的[M+H]+峰源内可裂解成不同的碎片,可以判断人参皂苷的母核类型。m/z405和423是20S-原人参萜三醇型人参皂苷的特征源内裂解碎片,m/z 407和425是20S-原人参萜二醇型人参皂苷的特征源内裂解碎片,而m/z 439是齐墩果烷型人参皂苷的特征源内裂解碎片。
正离子多离子反应监测(MRM),用于定量分析的离子为m/zRg1 832.8→643.6;Re969.8→789.7;Rb1 1132.1→365.3,定性分析的离子为m/z Rg1832.8→203.2;Re 969.8→203.2;Rb1 1132.1→789.7。
本发明还提供了对含人参的吴茱萸汤在不同配伍条件下,各个化学成分的提取量进行色谱分析的方法:流动相:乙腈-0.1-0.2%磷酸水系统为流动相,其中乙腈为8-85%,水为15-92%。检测波长:吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸内酯和6-姜酚选择在最大吸收波长220-230nm,尤其225nm下检测,而去氢吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱和绿原酸选择在340-350nm,尤其345nm波长下检测,干扰少,专属性强。提药:用50倍80%甲醇水超声提取40min,即可将样品中的待测组分提取完全。
将传统的液液萃取样品预处理方法与现代的HPLC和质谱检测技术相结合,结果准确,重现性好,操作简便快速,符合生物样品分析的要求,以佐药人参为切入点,研究吴茱萸汤中相关成分的大鼠血浆药动学,为客观的评价复方组分在人体或动物体内的药动学规律以及以及其在复方中的作用提供方法学参考。
具体实施方式
实施例1:色谱条件:色谱柱为Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%的甲酸溶液,梯度洗脱(4min-58%甲醇,6min-90%甲醇,6.01min-58%甲醇)。流速为0.5mL·min-1,柱温为20℃。
质谱条件:离子喷射电压5500V,源内气体1为310.275KPa,源内气体2为344.75KPa,气帘气体137.9KPa,源内温度500℃。检测方式为正离子检测,扫描方式为选择反应监测(MRM)方式,用于定量分析的离子对(m/z):823.6/203.1(人参皂苷Rg1),969.7/789.0(人参皂苷Re),1131.8/365.1(人参皂苷Rb1)和823.6/789.5(人参皂苷Rd)。
实施例2:色谱条件:色谱柱为RESTEK Pinnacle-C18柱(50mm–2.1mm,5μm);柱温:20℃;流速为200μL/m in;流动相为A水(体积分数0.5‰甲酸),B乙腈(体积分数0.5‰甲酸),梯度洗脱(0-in,流动相B体积分数20%-50%;13-13.1min,流动相B体积分数50%-20%;13.1-23min,流动相B体积分数20%)。
质谱条件:电喷雾ESI离子源;气帘气为10ps;雾化气(GAS1)为40ps;加热辅助气(GAS2)为40ps;碰撞气CAD为Medium;喷雾电压IS为5500V;雾化温度为500℃;检测方式为正离子多离子反应检测(MRM,用于定量分析的离子为m/z Rg1832.8→643.6;Re969.8→789.7;Rb11132.1→365.3。
实施例3:色谱条件:色谱柱:Apollo C18色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm),流动相:A泵:0.1%甲酸水;B泵:0.1%甲酸乙腈,梯度程序如下所示:
柱温:35℃,流速:1.0ml/min(25%分流进质谱),进样量:5μl。
质谱条件:一级全扫描条件:ESI正离子扫描,扫描质量范围:150-1000(氯仿萃取部位)和150-1500(正丁醇萃取部位);毛细管电压:2.8kV;锥孔电压:30V;提取电压:3.0V,透镜电压:0.0V;源温:120℃;脱溶剂气流速和温度分别为600ml/min和350℃;锥孔气:50ml/min。在上述色谱条件和质谱条件下分别对吴茱萸汤氯仿萃取部位、吴茱萸氯仿萃取部位、生姜氯仿萃取部位、人参氯仿萃取部位和大枣氯仿萃取部位样品进样分析,23个色谱峰中来源于吴茱萸的有17个,来源于生姜的有1个,而1号峰来源于生姜、人参和大枣,其余4个色谱峰在吴茱萸、生姜、人参和大枣中均有出现。在上述色谱条件和质谱条件下分别对吴茱萸汤正丁醇萃取部位、吴茱萸正丁醇萃取部位、生姜正丁醇萃取部位、人参正丁醇萃取部位和大枣正丁醇萃取部位样品进样分析,吴茱萸汤正丁醇萃取部位中的化学成分集中在15-70min间出峰,其中50min前的色谱峰主要来源于吴茱萸,而50min后的色谱峰主要来源于人参。
实施例4:吴茱萸汤中多种成分含量测定。
4.1检测条件
色谱条件:色谱柱:Apollo C18色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm),流动相:A泵:0.2%磷酸水;B泵:乙腈,梯度程序如下所示
检测波长:DAD检测器,检测波长设定如下
柱温:35℃,流速:1.0ml/min,进样量:10μl。
4.2样品准备
吴茱萸汤样品(WSRD):按吴茱萸汤原方配比,称取吴茱萸2.25g、生姜4.5g、人参2.25g和大枣1枚(去核),加入10倍量水,浸泡30min,回流提取1h,提取液纱布滤过,滤渣再加10倍量水回流提取1h,过滤,合并两次提取液,提取液冷冻干燥成粉,即得吴茱萸汤样品,平行制备3份。
吴茱萸汤单煎混合样品(WSRD-D):根据处方配比,分别称取吴茱萸2.25g、生姜4.5g、人参2.25g和大枣1枚(去核),分别按照吴茱萸汤样品的制备方法煎煮,提取液混合后冷冻干燥成粉,即得吴茱萸汤单煎混合样品,平行制备3份。
阴性对照样品的制备:根据处方配比,分别称取吴茱萸2.25g、生姜4.5g、人参2.25g和大枣1枚(去核)和其组成的药对(生姜4.5g+人参2.25g+大枣1枚(去核),吴茱萸2.25g+人参2.25g+大枣1枚(去核),吴茱萸2.25g+生姜4.5g+大枣1枚(去核),吴茱萸2.25g+生姜4.5g+人参2.25g),按照吴茱萸汤样品的制备方法,制得吴茱萸样品(W)、生姜样品(S)、人参样品(R)、大枣样品(D),不含吴茱萸(SRD)、不含生姜(WRD)、不含人参(WSD)和不含大枣(WSR)的缺味吴茱萸汤样品,平行制备3份,用于考察方法的专属性和药材在提取过程中是否存在相互作用。
4.3结果分析
对吴茱萸汤在不同配伍条件下,各个化学成分的提取量进行考察,结果表明不同配伍时各个化学成分的提取量差异显著。从而验证吴茱萸汤全方合煎配伍的合理性。
Table 3-13 Contents of the six compounds in WSRD,WSRD-D,combinationof each three crude drug(SRD,WRD,WSD,and WSR)and corresponding single herb(Wand S)(n=3)
aThe value=the content of compound/corresponding crude drug amount。

Claims (10)

1.吴茱萸汤中人参皂苷的检测方法,采用高效液相与质谱联用技术,其特征在于,所述高效液相的流动相为甲醇-0.1%的甲酸溶液、0.5‰-0.1%甲酸水-0.5‰-0.1%甲酸乙腈,进行梯度洗脱;流速0.2 -1mL·min-1,柱温为20-35℃;所述质谱为ESI正离子扫描。
2.如权利要求1所述的检测方法,其特征在于,所述高效液相中,当流动相为甲醇-0.1%的甲酸溶液中,甲醇的梯度为58%-90%。
3.如权利要求1所述的检测方法,其特征在于,所述高效液相中,流动相为0.5‰甲酸水-0.5‰甲酸乙腈条件下,乙腈的梯度为20%-50%。
4.如权利要求1所述的检测方法,其特征在于,所述高效液相中,流动相为0.1%甲酸水-0.1%甲酸乙腈条件下,其梯度条件下为:水为45%-98%,乙腈为2%-55%。
5.如权利要求1所述的检测方法,其特征在于,所述质谱条件为:离子喷射电压5500 V,源内气体1为310.275 KPa,源内气体2为344.75 KPa,气帘气体137.9 KPa,源内温度 500℃,检测方式为正离子检测,扫描方式为选择反应监测方式。
6.如权利要求1所述的检测方法,其特征在于,所述质谱条件为:电喷雾ESI离子源;气帘气为10ps;雾化气为40ps;加热辅助气为40ps;碰撞气CAD为Medium; 喷雾电压IS为5500V; 雾化温度为500℃ ; 检测方式为正离子多离子反应检测。
7.如权利要求1所述的检测方法,其特征在于,所述质谱条件为:一级全扫描条件:ESI正离子扫描,毛细管电压:2.8 kV;锥孔电压:30 V;提取电压:3.0 V,透镜电压:0.0 V;源温:120 °C;脱溶剂气流速和温度分别为600 ml/min 和350°C;锥孔气:50 ml/min。
8.吴茱萸汤中化学成分的检测方法,其特征在于,流动相:以乙腈-0.1-0.2%磷酸水系统为流动相,其中乙腈为8-85%,水为15-92%。
9.如权利要求8所述的检测方法,其特征在于,吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸内酯和6-姜酚检测波长为220-230nm,去氢吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱和绿原酸检测波长为340-350nm。
10.如权利要求8所述的检测方法,其特征在于,吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸内酯和6-姜酚检测波长为225 nm,去氢吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱和绿原酸检测波长为345 nm。
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CN107843674A (zh) * 2017-12-26 2018-03-27 天圣制药集团股份有限公司 一种吴茱萸汁中活性成分的检测方法
CN113759018A (zh) * 2021-02-24 2021-12-07 北京康仁堂药业有限公司 一种吴茱萸汤制备工艺的评价方法
CN113759018B (zh) * 2021-02-24 2023-04-18 北京康仁堂药业有限公司 一种吴茱萸汤制备工艺的评价方法
CN114152686A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-03-08 湖南易能生物医药有限公司 一种包含肉桂的中药复方的指纹图谱构建方法及其应用
CN114152686B (zh) * 2021-11-10 2023-11-03 湖南易能生物医药有限公司 一种包含肉桂的中药复方的指纹图谱构建方法及其应用

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