CN105842343B - A kind of Experimental on acoustic emission device that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber - Google Patents
A kind of Experimental on acoustic emission device that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN105842343B CN105842343B CN201610155869.2A CN201610155869A CN105842343B CN 105842343 B CN105842343 B CN 105842343B CN 201610155869 A CN201610155869 A CN 201610155869A CN 105842343 B CN105842343 B CN 105842343B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0232—Glass, ceramics, concrete or stone
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Experimental on acoustic emission devices that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber, T-shaped cavity is processed respectively to the rock sample fixture in three directions in true triaxial electro-hydraulic servo mutagenesis testing system, acoustic emission sensor is set to be built in wherein, acoustic emission signal line is fixed in rubber stopper positioned at end, BNC adapter of the signal wire access with terminal after extraction, bnc interface is directly connected with amplifier, to form complete acoustic emission monitoring system.Acoustic emission sensor tail portion is fixed by flat thin magnet and push rod, and push rod, spring shim, hard spring and miniature screw thread collectively form a force transmission mechanism, can realize that acoustic emission sensor remains close contact with rock sample by the mechanism.Structure of the invention is easy, and operability is strong, and acoustic emission sensor is reusable, significantly reduces generated many interference signals when external acoustic emission sensor, realizes the authenticity and reliability of sound emission acquisition signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Experimental on acoustic emission devices adding unloading based on three axis, passing sound emission more particularly to a kind of
Sensor is built in the Experimental on acoustic emission device of true triaxial chamber.
Background technology
Deep rock is under three-dimensional high-stress state, studies the method master of the mechanical characteristic of rock under multiaxial stress state
To include that normal triaxial tests (σ1>σ2=σ3≠ 0) and true triaxial tests (σ1>σ2>σ3≠0).During normal triaxial experiment has ignored
Between influence of the principal stress to rock mechanics, be unfavorable for understand true stress state under rock rupture mechanism.Carry out three-dimensional
The research of stress state rock mechanics needs to carry out using true triaxial experimental system.
When rock material is by external force or endogenetic process, due to the elastic deformation of itself, crack propagation, fragile material is caused
The Elastic wave phenomenon that interior part is sent out by the quick release of energy, referred to as sound emission (Acoustic Emission), also
It is referred to as elastic wave transmitting.Characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter contains the precursor information of abundant damage Progressive failure.Sound emission is to grind
Study carefully a good tool of fragile material UNSTABLE FAILURE evolutionary process, it can continuous, the lower fragile material of monitors load effect in real time
The generation and expansion of internal tiny crack, and realize the positioning that position is destroyed to it, this is that other any test methods all do not have
The characteristics of, it has been widely used in the rupture Failure Mechanism research of the materials such as study of rocks, concrete.However, in the prior art
Under the conditions of, add unloading sound emission and its research of location technology there are still the deficiency of some aspects and problem on three axis of rock,
Main performance is as follows：
Acoustic emission sensor is generally all placed in the triaxial chamber of pilot system by the rock triaxial test of previous most of progress
(or rock sample fixture) outer wall.In this case, rock sample fixture (hydraulic oil in normal triaxial and casing wall) can be made
Increase at propagation distance, to cause the acoustie emission event number received and energy to reduce (for normal triaxial equipment, shearing
Impulse wave is even more because propagation path conversion cannot occur directly through the hydraulic oil in servo triaxial chamber).In addition, due to
The influence of laboratory environment noise etc. can also be influenced, especially when acoustic emission sensor is placed in triaxial chamber outer wall by many noises
It is the interference of electromagnetic signal, therefore the Signal-to-Noise received is relatively low.Currently, in true triaxial indoor monitoring sound
The development of the research and its relevant device that emit signal, which has not yet to see, to be had been reported that.
In summary, it is necessary to propose that a kind of Experimental on acoustic emission that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber fills
It sets, to meet the technology requirement for acquiring acoustic emission signal in true triaxial room.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of authenticity that can realize acoustic emission signal and reliability and
The Experimental on acoustic emission device easy to operate, with long service life that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber sound hair
Penetrate experimental rig, including 6 rock sample fixtures, acoustic emission preamplifier, acoustic emission sensor and acoustic emission signal line, 6
A rock sample fixture size shape is consistent, is arranged two-by-two along x-axis, y-axis and z-axis direction respectively, each described
Rock sample fixture is machined with T-shaped cavity, and the cavity elongated slot of the T-shaped cavity penetrates the rock sample fixture
Both ends of the surface, on one side for rock sample contact face, another side be load end face；The acoustic emission sensor is built in institute
It is close to rock sample close to rock sample one end in the T-shaped cavity stated, the other end and biography of the acoustic emission sensor
Force mechanisms one end is connected, and the other end of the force transmission mechanism is connect with the rock sample fixture, and the sound emission passes
Sensor remains contact condition by the force transmission mechanism and rock sample；The acoustic emission signal line passes through described
The cavity short slot connection acoustic emission sensor of T-shaped cavity and the acoustic emission preamplifier；It further include one
It is set to rock sample and loads the disturbing rod between end face.
The force transmission mechanism includes push rod, the first spring shim, second spring gasket, hard spring and miniature screw thread,
The second spring gasket be fixed on by the miniature screw thread described in two the rock sample fixture by load end face；
One end of the push rod is connect with the acoustic emission sensor, and the push rod other end is equipped with first spring pad
Piece, the hard spring are arranged between first spring shim and the second spring gasket.
One end of the push rod is connect with the acoustic emission sensor by flat thin magnet.
The cavity elongated slot of the T-shaped cavity is located at the rock sample fixture center, and the short slot of the cavity hangs down
Directly in the cavity elongated slot, the short slot of the cavity is located at the rock sample contact face of the rock sample fixture and adds
It carries in the middle part of end face.
BNC adapters are connected with terminal, and the acoustic emission signal line passes through the terminal and the BNC adapter phases
Even, the BNC adapters access acoustic emission preamplifier.
The length of the push rod in the T-shaped cavity below z-axis direction should be slightly bigger than mounted on x
The length of axis and the push rod in the T-shaped cavity in y-axis direction.
The short slot of cavity of the T-shaped cavity is equipped with rubber stopper, and rectangle grooving, institute are provided on the rubber stopper
The acoustic emission signal line stated fills in the rubber stopper the short slot of cavity for passing through the T-shaped cavity.
Rock sample is separate structure, the acoustic emission sensor and force transmission mechanism with the rock sample fixture
For separate structure.
The acoustic emission signal line is separate structure, the BNC adapters and institute with the BNC adapters
The acoustic emission preamplifier stated is separate structure, and the acoustic emission sensor is whole with the acoustic emission signal line
Formula structure, the BNC adapters are monolithic construction with the terminal.
It is monolithic construction between the push rod, the first spring shim, second spring gasket and hard spring.
Using the Experimental on acoustic emission device that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber of above-mentioned technical proposal, this is true
Triaxial tester can realize horizontal, vertical direction independently plus unload, and pass through rock sample fixture between rock sample and oil cylinder
Power transmission, rock sample collectively form chamber body with 6 rock sample fixtures of surrounding.6 rock sample fixture size shapes are consistent,
It is arranged two-by-two along x-axis, y-axis and z-axis direction respectively, size is 105mm × 105mm × 105mm, is slightly larger than rock sample size,
T-shaped cavity is processed to rock sample fixture, wherein cavity elongated slot penetrates fixture both ends of the surface, on one side to be contacted with rock sample
End face, another side are load end face, and size is Ф 10mm × 105mm, and the short slot edge of cavity is parallel to any rock of cavity elongated slot
Specimen holder end face process, until penetrated cavity elongated slot when until, size be Ф 8mm × 50mm；Acoustic emission system uses PCI-2
The probe diameter of type, acoustic emission sensor is Ф 5.5mm, and the acoustic emission signal line being connected with acoustic emission sensor is gone out using side
Existing mode, and be separated with BNC adapters, a diameter of Ф 2mm of acoustic emission signal line, by acoustic emission sensor and acoustic emission signal
Line is built in the T-shaped cavity of each rock sample fixture at rock sample, and acoustic emission signal line turns in sky by cavity elongated slot
After the short slot of chamber, drawn after facing sky endface rubber stopper and fixing, rubber stopper is filled in immediately in the short slot of cavity of T-shaped cavity, is drawn
The acoustic emission signal line gone out is connected by BNC adapters with acoustic emission preamplifier；BNC switching cephalic pars are connected to a terminal,
It can realize that acoustic emission signal line is detached and connected with the instant of BNC adapters；Acoustic emission sensor passes through flat thin magnet and power transmission machine
Structure (push rod) is fixed, and force transmission mechanism is made of push rod, the first spring shim, second spring gasket, hard spring and miniature screw thread,
Push rod size is Ф 6mm × 85mm, the other end and the first spring shim firm welding, the first spring shim and second spring pad
Hard spring is installed, hard spring need to have sufficient rigidity to ensure that enough thrust makes voice sending sensor between piece
Device remains close contact with rock sample, needs to smear one layer of vaseline between acoustic emission sensor and rock sample, pacify
It should suitably increase T-shaped cavity inner push-rod length when acoustic emission sensor below dress z-axis direction, make hard spring close to limit pressure
Contracting state, in order to avoid cause acoustic emission sensor that can not be come into full contact with rock sample；Second spring gasket passes through two miniature spiral shells
Nail is fixed on the load end face of rock sample fixture.
In conclusion the invention has the advantages that：
(1) difficulty of processing of the present invention is small, easy to operate, flexible, and probe is easy to disassemble, reusable, can be wrapped
It includes the various large-scale real triaxials including rock and adds the sound emission of unloading test and its research of location technology, be particularly suitable for height and enclose
The sound emission research of the damage effects such as rock under the conditions of pressure.
(2) the Experimental on acoustic emission device overcomes the drawbacks of being in the past placed outside acoustic emission sensor outside true triaxial room, real
Show and acoustic emission sensor is built in the indoor reasonable plus unloading test of true triaxial, it is ensured that sound emission acquires the authenticity of information
With reliability.
(3) it can ensure that acoustic emission sensor is close to rock always by built-in force transmission mechanism when acquiring sound emission data
Specimen surface realizes the smooth acquisition of data；Meanwhile the device can accurately obtain the three dimensions seat of each acoustic emission sensor
Mark, determines that the spatial shape of crack propagation spatial position, propagation direction and crack propagation is established for subsequent location algorithm
Basis.
In conclusion the present invention overcomes being placed outside acoustic emission sensor outside true triaxial room in the past, acquiring
Acoustic emission sensor is close to rock sample surface when sound emission data, realizes the authenticity and reliability of acoustic emission signal.
The device is easy to operate, and acoustic emission sensor can be dismantled immediately, improves its service life.The present invention can be realized to rock or class rock
Sound emission when stone material is damaged and destroyed under true triaxial static state, dynamic or sound combination plus unloading condition and its location technology
Research.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is fixture main structure diagram above the rock sample of z-axis direction.
Fig. 3 is BNC adapters and terminal structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that acoustic emission signal line installs overlooking structure figure with rubber stopper.
Fig. 5 is that acoustic emission signal line installs main structure figure with rubber stopper.
In figure：1-T font cavitys, 2- rubber stoppers, 3- push rods, the first spring shims of 4-, 5- second spring gaskets, 6- hard
Spring, 7- miniature screw threads, 8-BNC adapters, 9- rock sample fixtures, 10- flat thin magnets, 11- acoustic emission sensors, 12- sound hair
Penetrate signal wire, 13- preamplifiers, 14- rock samples, 15- terminals, 16- oil cylinders, 17- disturbing rods.
Specific implementation mode
The implementation of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in Figure 1, the device is mainly by T-shaped cavity 1, rubber stopper 2, push rod 3, the first spring shim 4, second spring
Gasket 5, hard spring 6, miniature screw thread 7, BNC adapters 8, rock sample fixture 9, flat thin magnet 10, acoustic emission sensor 11, sound
Emit signal wire 12, acoustic emission preamplifier 13, rock sample 14, terminal 15, oil cylinder 16 and 17 component of disturbing rod to constitute.One
It is in true triaxial electro-hydraulic servo mutagenesis testing system that acoustic emission sensor is built in the Experimental on acoustic emission device of true triaxial chamber by kind
It is realized on system (TRW-3000 types), rock sample 14 and rock sample fixture 9 is collectively treated as true triaxial pressure chamber.First, 6
A 9 size shape of rock sample fixture is consistent, is arranged two-by-two along x-axis, y-axis and z-axis direction respectively, in the pilot system 6
The identical rock sample fixture of a size 9 processes T-shaped cavity 1 respectively, and the size of rock sample fixture 9 is 105mm × 105mm
The cavity elongated slot of × 105mm, T-shaped cavity 1 penetrate fixture both ends of the surface, on one side for 14 contact face of rock sample, another side
To load end face, size is Ф 10mm × 105mm, and the short slot edge of cavity of T-shaped cavity 1 is parallel to any rock of cavity elongated slot
9 end face of specimen holder process, until penetrated cavity elongated slot when until, size be Ф 8mm × 50mm；Acoustic emission system uses PCI-
2 types, wherein 11 size of acoustic emission sensor is Ф 5.5mm, mode occurs using side, acoustic emission signal line 12 it is a diameter of
Ф2mm；Secondly, acoustic emission sensor 11 is sent near the cavity elongated slot end face of T-shaped cavity 1, acoustic emission signal line 12 by
It after cavity elongated slot turns in the short slot of cavity, is slowly drawn through facing dead end face, and be plunged into rubber stopper 2, rubber stopper 2 has been opened in advance
The rubber stopper 2 for filling in acoustic emission signal line 12 is then filled in the sky of T-shaped cavity 1 by rectangle grooving as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5
In the short slot of chamber, to fix acoustic emission signal line 12, as shown in Figure 1；The acoustic emission signal line 12 drawn in from rubber stopper 2 is finally logical
It crosses BNC adapters 8 with acoustic emission preamplifier 13 to be connected, has formed complete acoustic emission monitoring system, 8 tail of BNC adapters
Portion is connected with a terminal 15, can realize that acoustic emission signal line 12 is detached and connected with the instant of BNC adapters 8, such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show；Again, force transmission mechanism is sent by 8 loading end one end of rock sample fixture in T-shaped cavity 1, force transmission mechanism by push rod 3,
First spring shim 4, second spring gasket 5, hard spring 6 and miniature screw thread 7 are constituted, and second spring gasket 5 is micro- by two
Type screw 7 be fixed on rock sample fixture 9 by load end face；3 other end of push rod is equipped with the first spring shim 4, hard spring 6
It is arranged between the first spring shim 4 and second spring gasket 5.Force transmission mechanism is integral, i.e., above-mentioned component leads between any two
The mode for crossing welding is fixed, and acoustic emission sensor 11 is connect by a flat thin magnet 10 with the push rod 3 of force transmission mechanism, to prevent
Acoustic emission sensor 11 generates landing with rock sample 14, and hard spring 6 should have sufficiently high rigidity, to ensure that sound emission passes
Sensor 11 is in close contact with rock sample 14 always, and hard spring 6 is at work it is ensured that be in compressive state, so that sound emission
Sensor 11 is in always to 14 1 side's pressured state of rock sample；As shown in Figure 1, sound emission passes below installation z-axis direction
The length that 1 inner push-rod 3 of T-shaped cavity should suitably be increased when sensor 11, makes hard spring 6 close to limited compression state, to prevent
Acoustic emission sensor 11 detaches with rock sample 14 and causes not receiving the consequence of acoustic emission signal, acoustic emission sensor 11 with
It needs to smear one layer of vaseline between rock sample 14；Finally, rock sample fixture 9 is packed into true triaxial electro-hydraulic servo mutagenesis testing
In system, when installation, since different directions actuator is different from 16 position of oil cylinder, T in rock sample fixture 9 along the z-axis direction
Font cavity 1 need to be in that side-stand type is arranged, need to be in inverted arrangement along T-shaped cavity 1 in the rock sample fixture 9 of x-axis and y-axis,
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2.It further include a disturbing rod being set between rock sample 14 and oil cylinder 16 17.Pass through disturbing rod 17
Surface of test piece is acted on for simulating (including concussion of blasting, shock loading, the train vibrations of dynamic loading during Underground Engineering Excavation
Deng) influence to rock, 17 side of disturbing rod is connected with disturbance connecting rod and disturbance actuator, can be a certain in rock sample
Direction or multiple directions apply disturbance load simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, rock sample 14 and rock sample fixture 9 are separate structure, acoustic emission sensor 11, magnetic
Iron plate 10 is separate structure with force transmission mechanism three, and acoustic emission signal line 12 is separate structure with BNC adapters 8, and BNC turns
Connector 8 is separate structure with preamplifier 13, and rubber stopper 2 is separate structure with acoustic emission signal line 12；And sound emission
Sensor 11 is monolithic construction, push rod 3, the first spring shim 4, second spring gasket 5 and hard with acoustic emission signal line 12
It is monolithic construction between spring 6, BNC adapters 8 are monolithic construction with terminal 15.
When being dismantled to the device, first acoustic emission signal line 12 is detached with terminal 15, then by acoustic emission sensor
11 are detached with force transmission mechanism.Since acoustic emission sensor 11 is expensive, by being connected with flat thin magnet 10, even if can
Dismounting is reused, and is avoided due to the damage and harm using glass cement, structure glue etc. to acoustic emission sensor 11, pole
The earth reduces cost needed for experiment.
A kind of Experimental on acoustic emission device that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber, carrying out, true triaxial is dynamic and static
When state or coupled static-dynamic loadingi are tested, it at most can be achieved to use while 6 sound emission channels；Carrying out, true triaxial is dynamic and static
Or when sound combination unloading experiment, most multipotency uses while realizing 5 sound emission channels, is subsequently carrying out location algorithm with true
When determining the spatial shape of crack propagation spatial position, propagation direction and crack propagation, at least need that 4 voice sending sensors are installed
Device is to meet the solution of equation group, and therefore, the present invention can carry out true triaxial and the rock crackle forming dynamic of unloading Acoustic Emission location is added to drill
The research of change process.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Experimental on acoustic emission device that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber, including 6 rock sample fixtures
(9), acoustic emission preamplifier (13), acoustic emission sensor (11) and acoustic emission signal line (12), it is characterised in that：6 institutes
Rock sample fixture (9) size shape stated is consistent, is arranged two-by-two along x-axis, y-axis and z-axis direction respectively, each rock
Stone specimen holder (9) is machined with T-shaped cavity (1), and the cavity elongated slot of the T-shaped cavity (1) penetrates the rock
The both ends of the surface of specimen holder (9), on one side for rock sample contact face, another side be load end face；The sound emission passes
Sensor (11), which is built in the T-shaped cavity (1), to be close to close to rock sample one end with rock sample, the sound emission
The other end of sensor (11) is connected with force transmission mechanism one end, and the other end of the force transmission mechanism is pressed from both sides with the rock sample
Has (9) connection, the acoustic emission sensor (11) remains contact condition by the force transmission mechanism and rock sample；
The acoustic emission sensor that the acoustic emission signal line (12) passes through the short slot connection of the cavity of the T-shaped cavity (1) described
(11) with the acoustic emission preamplifier (13)；It further include a disturbance being set between rock sample and loading device
Bar (17).
2. the Experimental on acoustic emission device according to claim 1 that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber, special
Sign is：The force transmission mechanism includes push rod (3), the first spring shim (4), second spring gasket (5), hard spring (6)
With miniature screw thread (7), the second spring gasket (5) is fixed on the rock sample by the miniature screw thread (7)
Fixture (9) by load end face；One end of the push rod (3) is connect with the acoustic emission sensor (11), and described pushes away
Bar (3) other end is equipped with first spring shim (4), and the hard spring (6) is arranged in first spring pad
Between piece (4) and the second spring gasket (5).
3. the Experimental on acoustic emission device according to claim 2 that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber, special
Sign is：One end of the push rod (3) is connect with the acoustic emission sensor (11) by flat thin magnet (10).
4. the Experimental on acoustic emission device according to claim 1 or 2 that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber,
It is characterized in that：The cavity elongated slot of the T-shaped cavity (1) is located at rock sample fixture (9) center, the cavity
Perpendicular to the cavity elongated slot, the rock sample that the short slot of the cavity is located at the rock sample fixture (9) connects short slot
Contravention face and loading end Middle face.
5. the Experimental on acoustic emission device according to claim 1 or 2 that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber,
It is characterized in that：BNC adapters (8) are connected with terminal (15), the acoustic emission signal line (12) by the terminal (15) with
The BNC adapters (8) are connected, the BNC adapters (8) the access acoustic emission preamplifier (13).
6. the Experimental on acoustic emission device according to claim 2 that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber, special
Sign is：The length of the push rod (3) in the T-shaped cavity (1) below z-axis direction, which is more than, to be mounted on
The length of the push rod (3) in the T-shaped cavity (1) in x-axis and y-axis direction.
7. the Experimental on acoustic emission device according to claim 1 or 2 that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber,
It is characterized in that：The short slot of cavity of the T-shaped cavity (1) is equipped with rubber stopper (2), and the rubber stopper is provided with length on (2)
Rectangular grooving, the acoustic emission signal line (12) are filled in the rubber stopper (2) across the T-shaped cavity (1)
The short slot of cavity.
8. the Experimental on acoustic emission device according to claim 1 or 2 that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber,
It is characterized in that：Rock sample and the rock sample fixture (9) are separate structure, the acoustic emission sensor (11) with
Force transmission mechanism is separate structure.
9. the Experimental on acoustic emission device according to claim 5 that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber, special
Sign is：The acoustic emission signal line (12) is separate structure, the BNC adapters with the BNC adapters (8)
(8) it is separate structure, the acoustic emission sensor (11) and the sound with the acoustic emission preamplifier (13)
It is monolithic construction to emit signal wire (12), and the BNC adapters (8) are monolithic construction with the terminal (15).
10. the Experimental on acoustic emission device according to claim 2 that acoustic emission sensor is built in true triaxial chamber, special
Sign is：It is monoblock type between the push rod (3), the first spring shim (4), second spring gasket (5) and hard spring (6)
Structure.
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| JP2010066154A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-25 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | Method for mounting sensor element to concrete structure and method for inspecting quality of concrete structure |
| CN102305829A (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-01-04 | 山东科技大学 | Rock triaxial compression acoustic emission test system |
| CN102735547A (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2012-10-17 | 重庆大学 | Coal-rock hydraulic fracturing testing method under true triaxial state |
| CN104677994A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 四川大学 | Integrated acoustic emission testing sensor locating device for rock damage test |
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