CN109708980A - More many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions of one kind and application method - Google Patents
More many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions of one kind and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109708980A CN109708980A CN201910033612.3A CN201910033612A CN109708980A CN 109708980 A CN109708980 A CN 109708980A CN 201910033612 A CN201910033612 A CN 201910033612A CN 109708980 A CN109708980 A CN 109708980A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions and application methods.The more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provision, including rock sample, heating furnace, gas chamber, formed punch, emission cavity, incident bar, foil gauge, transmission bar, absorbing rod, high speed camera, signal wire, non-contact whole audience strain controlling system, velocity-measuring system, acoustic emission sensor, acoustic emission signal line, terminal, BNC adapter, preamplifier, microprocessor, temperature signal line, electrical signal line, data collection system, thermocouple, adjusting slideway, positioning stud, levelling bolt, adjustable heat preservation door, thermocouple is inserted into hole, heating chamber, high-strength transparence quartz tube.The present invention is under micro-processor control, by receiving the concurrent electric signal of temperature feedback signal to gas chamber and sensor monitoring equipment, it is final to realize more multi-parameter real-time synchronization monitorings of sample, solve the problems, such as many reference amounts monitoring delay and record Time Inconsistency in dynamic rock mechanics experiment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of more many reference amounts dynamically load Rock Mechanics Test devices and apply the experimental provision
Method.
Background technique
Product of the rock as earth formation, earth's crust geological activity derivation, is widely used in all kinds of structure foundations, encloses
The engineering construction fields such as rock or construction material.Rock rupture destabilization problems are always the heat of domestic and international rock mechanics worker research
Point and difficult point.Since the generation (such as rock burst, Instability of Rock Slope) of many rock mass engineering project disasters is equal and rock rupture unstability mistake
Cheng Youguan, thus effective research means and research method how are taken, systematically in its in study of rocks ruptured stage
The evolutionary process of portion's crackle, this is undoubtedly very significant work to rock rupture Failure Mechanism is further understood.Rock material
When material is by external force or endogenetic process, due to the elastic deformation of itself, crack propagation, cause in fragile material locally because of energy
Quick release and the Elastic wave phenomenon issued, referred to as sound emission.Sound emission is that research fragile material UNSTABLE FAILURE developed
One good tool of journey, energy is continuous, monitors load acts on the generation and expansion of lower fragile material internal tiny crack in real time, and
Realize the positioning that position is destroyed to it, this is the characteristics of other any test methods all do not have, and has been widely used in studying
The rupture Failure Mechanism of the materials such as rock, concrete is studied.
On the other hand, digital image correlation technique (DIC), i.e., a kind of algorithm compared by image reference point, can
Calculate body surface displacement and Strain Distribution, entire measurement process, only need to an image acquisition device, shoot deformation front and back to
Object image is surveyed, the distribution of 3D whole audience strain data can be very clear after operation.Table is made unlike foil gauge need to take a significant amount of time
Face polishing and pasting, while can only also measure the strain data in some direction of point.Also unlike speckle pattern interferometry method is to ring
Border requires stringent.And it is the 3D data within the scope of the whole audience that digital image correlation technique, which obtains data,.The technology is widely used in
Displacement and strain field measurement in solid material process of deformation and failure, with portable, non-contact, speed is fast, precision is high and easy behaviour
The characteristics of making.
However, being difficult simultaneously in traditional rock dynamically load experimentation using acoustic emission test technology and number
Image correlation technique carries out many reference amounts monitoring of rock sample process of deformation and failure under hot conditions, this is because working as heating device
It is difficult to sense temperature information when sample is heated to predetermined temperature, outside heating device, often results in acoustic emission test or digitized map
As the delay of the relevant technologies testing time, and the high speed camera in digital image correlation technique to sample shooting time with microsecond
Meter, in so accurate of short duration shooting time, it is easy to it is broken less than the deformation of predetermined temperature sample that high speed camera shooting occur
The problem of bad process.Even if high speed camera and acoustic emission sensor have monitored deformation and the acoustic emission information of sample, it is also difficult to
Carry out parameter between to mark and calibration, cannot be compared and analyzed in same accurate timer shaft.
Therefore, the monitoring method during dynamically load how is improved to realize temperature-sound of rock sample dynamically load
Transmitting-strain field many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring becomes important research contents.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is shot according to traditional rock dynamically load experimentation high speed camera less than predetermined temperature sample
The problem of process of deformation and failure, and be difficult to carry out between parameter to mark and calibration and cannot be enterprising in same accurate timer shaft
The comparative analysis problem of row multi-parameter provides more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions of one kind and application method,
Efficiently solve the problems, such as many reference amounts monitoring delay and record Time Inconsistency in dynamic rock mechanics experiment.It is above-mentioned in order to realize
Purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions, comprising:
Rock sample, heating furnace, gas chamber, formed punch, emission cavity, incident bar, foil gauge, transmission bar, absorbing rod, high speed camera, letter
Number line, non-contact whole audience strain controlling system, velocity-measuring system, acoustic emission sensor, acoustic emission signal line, terminal, BNC switching
Head, preamplifier, microprocessor, temperature signal line, electrical signal line, data collection system, thermocouple, adjusting slideway, positioning
Stud, levelling bolt, adjustable heat preservation door, thermocouple are inserted into hole, heating chamber, high-strength transparence quartz tube, the adjustable heat preservation
Door can be lifted up along adjusting slideway, and be fixed with positioning stud, and the rock sample is placed in the heating chamber in heating furnace
Interior, heating chamber is wrapped with high-strength transparence quartz tube, and heating furnace is placed among incident bar and transmission bar, heating furnace lower bracket
Four levelling bolts are set；Formed punch pressurizes in gas chamber to be emitted by emission cavity, formed punch emission rate by velocity-measuring system monitoring record,
Incident bar is hit after formed punch transmitting and generates stress wave, and incident bar hits sample by stress wave propagation into transmission bar, transmission bar tail
Portion is connect with absorbing rod, and data collection system is connect with two foil gauges, and two foil gauges are laid in incident bar and transmission respectively
In the middle part of bar；BNC adapter both ends are connect with terminal and preamplifier respectively, and terminal is sent out by acoustic emission signal line and sound
Penetrate sensor connection；The microprocessor is controlled with gas chamber, acoustic emission sensor, the strain of the non-contact whole audience respectively by electrical signal line
System connection processed, and connect by temperature signal line with the thermocouple that thermocouple in heating chamber inserts in the hole, it is described non-contact complete
Field strain controlling system is connected by signal wire with high speed camera；
In more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions of above-mentioned one kind and application method, the preferably described thermocouple
One end is inserted into hole by the thermocouple and enters heating chamber progress cavity temperature induction, the other end and the temperature signal line
Connection, feeds back to the microprocessor for temperature information by the temperature signal line；
In more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions of above-mentioned one kind and application method, the preferably described data acquisition
System, both ends are connect with the incident bar and the transmission bar respectively by the foil gauge, for acquiring the incident bar
With the stress wave signal in the transmission bar；
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of application side of more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions is provided
Method includes the following steps:
A, heating furnace is placed among incident bar and transmission bar, and adjustable heat preservation door is lifted up along adjusting slideway, with positioning spiral shell
Column is fixed；
B, the rock sample for the digital speckle that completes is put into the middle part of heating chamber, adjusts the position of incident bar and transmission bar, makes
It is tentatively aligned with sample end, then by adjust heating device lower bracket on four levelling bolts, reach sample with
Incident bar, the Accurate align of transmission bar and intact contact；
C, positioning stud is unclamped, adjustable heat preservation door is put down, makes its oral area as close possible to incident bar, transmission bar top, but
Moving freely back and forth for two bars is not influenced, is marked the height of adjustable heat preservation door at this time, is exited incident bar and transmission bar, close
Adjustable heat preservation door is closed, hole is inserted by thermocouple and is inserted into thermocouple, the data opened simultaneously on SHPB dynamic loading device are adopted
Collecting system, to acquire the stress wave signal in incident bar and transmission bar；
D, when sample is heated to predetermined temperature in heating furnace, temperature signal is fed back to micro process by the thermocouple in heating furnace
Device, microprocessor will emit electric signal to gas chamber, non-contact whole audience strain controlling system and sound emission simultaneously by electrical signal line
Sensor；
E, gas chamber switching device emits rapidly formed punch after receiving electric signal, and formed punch hits incident bar and generates stress wave, stress wave
It is traveled in rock sample by incident bar, a part of stress wave reflection returns in incident bar, the incoming transmission of another part stress wave
Bar and incoming absorbing rod, data collection system acquire stress wave signal by the foil gauge of incident bar and transmission bar, will collect
Data-signal carry out data processing, obtain rock sample dynamic characteristics curve；
F, when the electric signal of microprocessor transmitting propagates to non-contact whole audience strain controlling system simultaneously, the non-contact whole audience
Strain controlling system starts high speed camera by signal wire immediately and carries out sample destructive process image taking；
G, when the electric signal of microprocessor transmitting propagates to acoustic emission sensor simultaneously, the acoustic emission sensor starts to supervise
Survey the acoustic emission signal for recording the sample when dynamically load is destroyed；
H, eventually by thermocouple, acoustic emission sensor and the strain control of the non-contact whole audience in microprocessor connection heating furnace
System processed carries out the synchronous transfer and feedback of signal, to realize temperature-of the rock sample under dynamic impulsion loading environment
More multi-parameter real-time synchronization monitoring records of sound emission-strain field.
In compared with the existing technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The sample is heated by the way that the heating furnace is arranged, upon reaching a predetermined temperature the heat in the heating furnace
Temperature signal is fed back to the microprocessor by galvanic couple, the microprocessor will emit simultaneously electric signal to gas chamber, described non-connect
Whole audience strain controlling system and the acoustic emission sensor are touched, the gas chamber emits rapidly formed punch, the non-contact whole audience strain
High speed camera described in control system OnNow carries out the sample destructive process image taking, and the acoustic emission sensor is opened
Acoustic emission signal of the sample described in beginning monitoring record when dynamically load is destroyed, finally realizes the rock sample in dynamic impulsion
Temperature-sound emission-strain field multi-parameter real-time synchronization monitoring under loading environment.Outside the heating chamber for it is transparent,
On the one hand High temperature rocks sample can be effectively prevented in percussion in the high-strength transparence quartz tube of impact resistance and high-temperature stability
The high speed of broken block is collided down, is on the other hand conducive to the external high speed camera and is carried out image to the sample destructive process
Shooting.The present invention can synchronize accurate temperature, sound emission and the ess-strain power for obtaining rock sample when dynamically load is destroyed
Characteristic change parameter is learned, many reference amounts monitoring delay and record Time Inconsistency efficiently solved in dynamic rock mechanics experiment is asked
Topic, provides advantageous condition for the research and development of the key technologies such as operation form and monitoring means.
Detailed description of the invention
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by referring to following detailed description, the present invention can be more completely and better understood with
And it is easy to learn many adjoint beneficial effects, but attached drawing described herein is used to provide to further reason of the invention
Solution, constitutes a part of the invention, and the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, does not constitute to this
The improper restriction of invention, in which:
Fig. 1 is experimental system structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is thermocouple schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the sample heater main structure figure of rock mechanics dynamically load experiment；
Fig. 4 is the sample heater side block diagram of rock mechanics dynamically load experiment；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of synchronous monitoring method of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is acoustic emission system monitoring result schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is random speckle treated specimen surface schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is sample characteristics point strain field cloud atlas.
Description of symbols: 1- rock sample；2- heating furnace；3- gas chamber；4- formed punch；5- emission cavity；6- incident bar；7- is answered
Become piece；8- transmission bar；9- absorbing rod；10- high speed camera；11- signal wire；The non-contact whole audience strain controlling system of 12-；13- is surveyed
Speed system；14- acoustic emission sensor；15- acoustic emission signal line；16- terminal；17-BNC adapter；18- preamplifier；19-
Microprocessor；20- temperature signal line；21- electrical signal line；22- data collection system；23- thermocouple；24- adjusting slideway；25-
Positioning stud；The levelling bolt of 26-；27- is adjustable heat preservation door；28- thermocouple is inserted into hole；29- heating chamber；30- high-strength transparence
Quartz tube.
Specific embodiment
More many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions of one kind of the invention and application method, are mainly used in reality
It tests in the dynamically load Mechanics Performance Testing of indoor rock sample, to realize rock sample under dynamic impulsion loading environment
Temperature-sound emission-strain field multi-parameter real-time synchronization monitoring is with reference to the accompanying drawing made the embodiment of the present invention further
Description.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, a kind of more many reference amounts dynamically load Rock Mechanics Test devices, including heating furnace
2, gas chamber 3, formed punch 4, emission cavity 5, incident bar 6, foil gauge 7 and 8, transmission bar 9 is absorbing rod 10, high speed camera 11, non-contact complete
Strain controlling system 13, acoustic emission sensor 15, BNC adapter 18, preamplifier 19, microprocessor 20, thermocouple 26,
Heating chamber 35, high-strength transparence quartz tube 36, thermal insulation barn 37, the heating furnace 2 connect with the incident bar 6 and the transmission bar 9
It connects, the rock sample 1 is loaded into the heating furnace 2, the sample 1 is heated by the heating furnace 2, when reaching
The thermocouple 26 when to predetermined temperature in the heating furnace 2 feeds back to temperature signal by temperature signal line 21 described micro-
Processor 20, the microprocessor 20 will pass through electrical signal line 22,23,24 and emit electric signal simultaneously to gas chamber 3, described non-contact
Whole audience strain controlling system 13 and the acoustic emission sensor 15, the gas chamber 3 emit rapidly formed punch 4, the non-contact whole audience
Strain controlling system 13 is clapped by the destructive process image that high speed camera 11 described in 12 OnNow of signal wire carries out the sample 1
It takes the photograph, the acoustic emission sensor 15 is the acoustic emission signal for starting sample 1 described in monitoring record when dynamically load is destroyed, finally
Realize temperature-sound emission-strain field multi-parameter real-time synchronization monitoring of the rock sample 1 under dynamic impulsion loading environment
Record.
Wherein, rock sample 1 can be practical rock material, or be simulation rock material；1 size of rock sample are as follows: straight
Diameter 50mm is highly the cylindrical body of 100mm；Formed punch 4 is diameter 50mm, the cylindrical body of height 400mm；Incident bar 6 and transmission bar 9
For diameter 50mm, the cylindrical body of length 2000mm；Foil gauge 7 and 8 is laid in the intermediate position of incident bar 6 and transmission bar 9 respectively；
Acoustic emission system uses PCI-2 type, wherein acoustic emission sensor 15 mode, sound hair occurs having a size of Ф 5.5mm, using side
The diameter for penetrating signal wire 16 is Ф 2mm；The minimum shooting image spacing of high speed camera 11 is about 11 μ s.
Its experimental procedure approximately as:
A, sample heater 2 is connect with incident bar 6 and transmission bar 9, adjustable heat preservation door 33 is mentioned upwards along adjusting slideway 27
It rises, it is fixed with positioning stud 28；
B, the rock sample 1(for the digital speckle that completes is as shown in Figure 7) it is put into the middle part of heating chamber 35, adjust incident bar 6
With the position of transmission bar 9, it is aligned it tentatively with the end of sample 1, then by adjusting four in 2 lower bracket of heating furnace
Levelling bolt 30 reaches the Accurate align of sample 1 and incident bar 6 and transmission bar 9 and intact contacts；
C, positioning stud 28 is unclamped, adjustable heat preservation door 33 is put down, makes its oral area as close possible to the top of incident bar 6, transmission bar 9
Portion, but moving freely back and forth for two bars is not influenced, the height of adjustable heat preservation door 33 at this time is marked, incident bar 6 is exited
With transmission bar 9, adjustable heat preservation door 33 is closed, hole 34 is inserted by thermocouple and is inserted into thermocouple 26, opens simultaneously SHPB dynamic
Data collection system 25 on loading device, to acquire the stress wave signal in incident bar 6 and transmission bar 9；
D, when sample 1 is heated to predetermined temperature in heating furnace 2, temperature signal is passed through temperature by the thermocouple 26 in heating furnace 2
Signal wire 21 feeds back to microprocessor 20, and microprocessor 20 will emit simultaneously telecommunications by electrical signal line 22,23 and 24 after receiving
Number to gas chamber 3, non-contact whole audience strain controlling system 13 and acoustic emission sensor 15；
E, the switching device of gas chamber 1 emits rapidly formed punch 4 after receiving electric signal in emission cavity 5, and formed punch 4 hits incident bar 6
Stress wave is generated, stress wave is traveled in rock sample 1 by incident bar 6, and a part of stress wave reflection returns in incident bar 6, separately
A part of stress wave is passed to the simultaneously incoming absorbing rod 10 of transmission bar 9, and data collection system 25 is answered by incident bar 6 and transmission bar 9
Become piece 7 and 8 and acquire stress wave signal, collected data-signal is subjected to data processing, obtains the dynamic mechanical of rock sample 1
Characteristic curve；
F, when the electric signal that microprocessor 20 emits propagates to non-contact whole audience strain controlling system 13 simultaneously, the non-contact whole audience
Strain controlling system 13 starts the destructive process image taking that high speed camera 11 carries out sample 1, shooting by signal wire 12 immediately
Image by 12 real-time Transmission of signal wire to non-contact whole audience strain controlling system 13, obtain the characteristic point strain field of sample 1
As shown in Figure 8.
G, when the electric signal that microprocessor 20 emits propagates to acoustic emission sensor 15 simultaneously, acoustic emission sensor 15 is
Start acoustic emission signal of the monitoring record sample 1 when dynamically load is destroyed, collected acoustic emission signal is believed by sound emission
Number line 16 is transmitted in terminal 17, BNC adapter 18 and preamplifier 19, and collected acoustic emission signal is as shown in Figure 6.
H, eventually by the microprocessor 20 connection heating furnace 2 thermocouple 26, acoustic emission sensor 15 and non-connect
Synchronous transfer and feedback that whole audience strain controlling system 13 carries out signal are touched, to realize that rock sample 1 loads item in dynamic impulsion
Temperature-sound emission-strain field multi-parameter real-time synchronization monitoring record under part.The process of synchronous monitoring method of the present invention is illustrated
Figure is as shown in Figure 5.
Above each embodiment is only that preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, not to the scope of the present invention
It is defined, without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, this field ordinary engineering and technical personnel is to technology of the invention
The various changes and improvements that scheme is made, should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions, it is characterised in that: the synchronous prison of the more many reference amounts
Surveying dynamically load experimental provision includes:
Rock sample, heating furnace, gas chamber, formed punch, emission cavity, incident bar, foil gauge, transmission bar, absorbing rod, high speed camera, letter
Number line, non-contact whole audience strain controlling system, velocity-measuring system, acoustic emission sensor, acoustic emission signal line, terminal, BNC switching
Head, preamplifier, microprocessor, temperature signal line, electrical signal line, data collection system, thermocouple, adjusting slideway, positioning
Stud, levelling bolt, adjustable heat preservation door, thermocouple are inserted into hole, heating chamber, high-strength transparence quartz tube, the adjustable heat preservation
Door can be lifted up along adjusting slideway, and be fixed with positioning stud, and the rock sample is placed in the heating chamber in heating furnace
Interior, heating chamber is wrapped with high-strength transparence quartz tube, and heating furnace is placed among incident bar and transmission bar, heating furnace lower bracket
Four levelling bolts are set；Formed punch pressurizes in gas chamber to be emitted by emission cavity, formed punch emission rate by velocity-measuring system monitoring record,
Incident bar is hit after formed punch transmitting and generates stress wave, and incident bar hits sample by stress wave propagation into transmission bar, transmission bar tail
Portion is connect with absorbing rod, and data collection system is connect with two foil gauges, and two foil gauges are laid in incident bar and transmission respectively
In the middle part of bar；BNC adapter both ends are connect with terminal and preamplifier respectively, and terminal is sent out by acoustic emission signal line and sound
Penetrate sensor connection；The microprocessor is controlled with gas chamber, acoustic emission sensor, the strain of the non-contact whole audience respectively by electrical signal line
System connection processed, and connect by temperature signal line with the thermocouple that thermocouple in heating chamber inserts in the hole, it is described non-contact complete
Field strain controlling system is connected by signal wire with high speed camera.
2. more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heat
Galvanic couple end is connect with temperature signal line, and is inserted in the hole and be placed in heating chamber by thermocouple.
3. more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the number
It is connect respectively with incident bar and transmission bar according to acquisition system both ends by foil gauge.
4. a kind of more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provision application methods, which is characterized in that wanted using such as right
1 to 3 described in any item more many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions are sought, are included the following steps:
A, heating furnace is placed among incident bar and transmission bar, and adjustable heat preservation door is lifted up along adjusting slideway, with positioning spiral shell
Column is fixed；
B, the rock sample for the digital speckle that completes is put into the middle part of heating chamber, adjusts the position of incident bar and transmission bar, makes
It is tentatively aligned with sample end, then by adjusting four levelling bolts in heating furnace lower bracket, reaches sample and enters
Penetrate bar, the Accurate align of transmission bar and intact contact；
C, positioning stud is unclamped, adjustable heat preservation door is put down, makes its oral area as close possible to incident bar, transmission bar top, but
Moving freely back and forth for two bars is not influenced, is marked the height of adjustable heat preservation door at this time, is exited incident bar and transmission bar, close
Close adjustable heat preservation door, by thermocouple be inserted into hole be inserted into thermocouple, open simultaneously data collection system, with acquire incident bar and
Stress wave signal in transmission bar；
D, when sample is heated to predetermined temperature in heating furnace, temperature signal is fed back to micro process by the thermocouple in heating furnace
Device, microprocessor will emit electric signal to gas chamber, non-contact whole audience strain controlling system and sound emission simultaneously by electrical signal line
Sensor；
E, gas chamber switching device emits rapidly formed punch after receiving electric signal, and formed punch hits incident bar and generates stress wave, stress wave
It is traveled in rock sample by incident bar, a part of stress wave reflection returns in incident bar, the incoming transmission of another part stress wave
Bar and incoming absorbing rod, data collection system acquire stress wave signal by the foil gauge of incident bar and transmission bar, will collect
Data-signal carry out data processing, obtain rock sample dynamic characteristics curve；
F, when the electric signal of microprocessor transmitting propagates to non-contact whole audience strain controlling system simultaneously, the non-contact whole audience
Strain controlling system starts high speed camera by signal wire immediately and carries out sample destructive process image taking；
G, when the electric signal of microprocessor transmitting propagates to acoustic emission sensor simultaneously, the acoustic emission sensor starts to supervise
Survey the acoustic emission signal for recording the sample when dynamically load is destroyed；
H, eventually by thermocouple, acoustic emission sensor and the non-contact whole audience strain controlling system in microprocessor connection heating furnace
System carries out the synchronous transfer and feedback of signal, to realize that temperature-sound emission-of the rock sample under dynamic impulsion loading environment is answered
More multi-parameter real-time synchronization monitoring records of variable field.
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