CN114216801A - Test device for detecting propagation characteristics of stress waves in microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature - Google Patents
Test device for detecting propagation characteristics of stress waves in microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN114216801A CN114216801A CN202111482284.9A CN202111482284A CN114216801A CN 114216801 A CN114216801 A CN 114216801A CN 202111482284 A CN202111482284 A CN 202111482284A CN 114216801 A CN114216801 A CN 114216801A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/313—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by explosives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a test device for detecting the propagation characteristic of stress waves in a microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature, which comprises: the device comprises an emitting device, a heating temperature control device, an image acquisition device and a data processing device. The launching device mainly comprises a launching device base, a support, a launching chamber and a bullet. The heating temperature control device mainly comprises a heat insulation shell, an asbestos heat insulation layer, a heating wire, a temperature control plate and a sealing plate. The image acquisition device of the invention mainly comprises 4 high-speed cameras; the data processing device is a computer provided with DIC software; the invention can heat the rock rod in sections by the temperature control and time control functions of the heating device. The rock rod generates different gradient distribution microdefects at different temperatures respectively, and the propagation characteristic of stress waves in microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature can be detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device for detecting the propagation characteristic of stress waves in a microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature, and belongs to the technical field of rock mass mechanics experiments.
Background
With the rapid development of national economy, a large batch of heavy rock engineering is built or proposed. The rock mass is inevitably subjected to dynamic loads during construction and operation, which propagate in the rock mass in the form of stress waves. A large number of micro defects exist in the natural rock mass, and the micro defects expand along with the rise of the temperature and are unevenly distributed to influence the propagation of stress waves in the rock mass, so that the research on the propagation of the stress waves in the micro defect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature has important significance for the construction of underground rock mass engineering.
At present, a great deal of research on the propagation characteristics of stress waves in natural rock masses at home and abroad successfully reveals that the phenomena of dispersion, attenuation and the like of the stress waves are generated when the stress waves propagate in the rock masses due to micro defects. The present invention provides a test device for detecting the propagation characteristics of stress waves in a microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature, wherein the microdefect gradient distribution characteristic has an important influence on the propagation of the stress waves in the rock mass.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical objects of the present invention are: in the prior art, when the propagation characteristic of stress waves in a rock mass is detected, the micro defects in the rock mass are considered to be uniformly distributed, and the characteristic that the micro defects of a natural rock mass are in gradient distribution under the action of high temperature is not considered. In order to solve the technical problem, the invention manufactures the rock mass with the microdefect gradient distribution by high-temperature heating, and provides a test device for detecting the propagation characteristic of stress waves in the microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a test device for detecting stress wave propagation characteristic in microdefect gradient distribution rock mass under high temperature mainly includes: the device comprises an emitting device, a heating temperature control device, an image acquisition device and a data processing device.
The launching device mainly comprises a launching device base 1, a support 2, a launching chamber 3 and a bullet 4. The bullet 4 is positioned in the launching chamber 3, the surface of the bullet 4 is in contact with the inner surface of the launching chamber 3 and coated with lubricant, the launching chamber 3 is connected with the launching device base 1 through the support 2, and the air compressor is arranged in the launching chamber 3 and can generate different impact speeds through different air pressures.
The heating temperature control device mainly comprises a heat insulation shell 5, an asbestos heat insulation layer 6, a heating wire 7, a temperature control plate 8 and a sealing plate. The heat preservation shell 5 is made of stainless steel materials and is of a double-layer forced air cooling structure, so that the external temperature of the furnace shell is close to room temperature and is not higher than 40 ℃ at the highest temperature in the furnace. The asbestos heat insulation layer 6 is positioned inside the heat insulation shell. The middle part of the asbestos heat insulation layer is provided with a strip-shaped groove for placing a rock rod 9, and two fixed pulleys are arranged in the groove and used for supporting the cylindrical rock rod, so that friction caused by the rock rod during movement is reduced. The heating wires 7 are uniformly distributed on the upper part of the groove and used for heating the rock rod, the heating speed of the heating wires can reach the highest use temperature within 30-60 minutes, and the highest heating speed can reach 30 ℃/min. In order to more approach the characteristic of micro-defect gradient distribution in a natural rock mass, 4 temperature control plates are evenly distributed in a heating wire of the heating device, 50 sections of programmable PID self-tuning are provided, the heating temperature and the heating time of different areas can be set, the temperature is automatically controlled, the temperature of different areas is controlled by sub-modules, and the rock is enabled to generate micro-defects with different gradient distributions by heating the rock at high temperature of different degrees. Adopt the closing plate to seal recess both ends, the closing plate includes the closing plate of recess front end and recess rear end, and the closing plate outside is metal casing 10 and asbestos inlayer 11 for seal around heating system's the recess when high temperature heating, avoid arousing measuring error because of the heat scatters and disappears.
The image acquisition device mainly comprises 4 high-speed cameras 12, wherein lenses are respectively aligned to four parts of a rock rod in the central axis line in an evenly distributed mode, and deformation of the rock rod when stress waves are transmitted in the rock rod is measured. When the high-speed camera shoots the propagation of stress waves in a rock mass, the selected parameters are 10 ten thousand frames, the interval of each picture is 0.01ms, the shooting resolution is 256 multiplied by 128 pixels, and the lens adopts a macro lens with the magnification of 1: 1. The size of the pixel point of the high-speed camera is 20 mu m, and the size of the actual shooting area is 5.12mm multiplied by 2.56 mm.
The data processing device is a computer 13 provided with DIC software, image data obtained by an image acquisition device is imported into the computer 13 with the DIC software for data analysis, and then the propagation coefficient of stress waves in the microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature is obtained, so that the propagation characteristic of the stress waves is detected.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the invention can heat the rock rod in sections by the temperature control and time control functions of the heating device. The rock rod generates different gradient distribution microdefects at different temperatures respectively, and the propagation characteristic of stress waves in microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature can be detected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a test device for detecting the propagation characteristics of stress waves in a microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at a high temperature.
In the figure: 1. a launch system base; 2. a support; 3. a gun firing chamber; 4. a bullet; 5. a heat-insulating shell; 6. an asbestos insulation layer; 7. heating wires; 8. a temperature control plate; 9. a rock rod; 10. a sealing plate metal housing; 11. an asbestos inner layer of sealing plate; 12. a high-speed camera; 13. a computer.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the distance of each segment as a function of heating temperature and heating time.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rock rod with a micro-defect gradient distribution.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram in a rock rod with a micro-defect gradient distribution.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the operation of the test apparatus.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
(1) as shown in fig. 1, two rock rods with better processing precision and length of 1.2 meters are selected, the rod 1 is firstly placed at the groove of the heating device, the left end face of the rock rod is perpendicular to the bullets in the launching chamber, then the heating temperatures of different areas of the rock rod are set according to the test requirements, and the distances among all sections, the heating temperatures and the heating time are set according to the curve of the rod 1 in fig. 2. The rock rods in all sections are unevenly heated from left to right to generate micro defects, the micro defects generated in the rock rods are expanded due to different heating temperatures and different heating times, so that the rock rods 1 with the micro defects distributed in a gradient manner at high temperature can be obtained, and the schematic diagram of the rock rods with the micro defects distributed in the gradient manner is shown in fig. 3.
(2) When the rock pole is in the heating process, the high-speed cameras are installed, the four high-speed cameras are placed in front of the rock pole at average distances, and the shooting angles of the lenses of the high-speed cameras are perpendicular to the central axis of the rock pole. Subsequently, the high-speed camera is connected to a computer on which the DIC software is installed, so as to receive image information.
(3) A bullet is placed inside the firing chamber.
(4) And when the test temperature reaches the requirement, the internal micro defects of the rock rod are expanded in a gradient manner, and the upper cover of the heating device is opened.
(5) In order to prevent the temperature from rapidly dropping, after the upper cover of the heating device is opened, the launching system is immediately started, the bullet is launched by the air pressure generated by the air compressor at a certain impact speed, and the local deformation of the four parts of the central axis of the rock pole at high temperature is respectively recorded by a high-speed camera.
(6) The image data recorded by the high-speed camera is imported into a computer with DIC software, the test data is stored, and data analysis is carried out to detect the propagation of stress waves.
(7) The rod 2 is then operated repeatedly according to the above-mentioned steps to detect the propagation of the stress wave.
(8) Comparing the oscillograms detected by the rods 1 and 2, as shown in fig. 4, the influence of the gradient distribution micro-defect rock mass on the propagation of the stress wave can be analyzed, and it can be seen that the gradient distribution characteristics of the micro-defects significantly influence the propagation of the stress wave.
Claims (6)
1. A test device for detecting stress wave propagation characteristic in microdefect gradient distribution rock mass under high temperature, its characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises four parts, namely an emitting device, a heating temperature control device, an image acquisition device and a data processing device; the emitting device is arranged on the side part of the heating temperature control device, the image acquisition device is over against the heating temperature control device, and the image acquisition device is connected with the data processing device;
the heating temperature control device comprises a heat insulation shell, an asbestos heat insulation layer, a heating wire, a temperature control plate and a sealing plate; the asbestos heat insulation layer is positioned inside the heat insulation shell; the middle part of the asbestos heat insulation layer is provided with a strip-shaped groove for placing a rock rod, and two fixed pulleys are arranged in the groove and used for supporting a cylindrical rock rod so as to reduce friction applied to the rock rod during movement; the heating wires are uniformly distributed on the upper part of the groove and used for heating the rock rod; four temperature control plates are evenly distributed in a heating wire of the heating device, 50 sections of programmable PID self-tuning are provided, the heating temperature and the heating time of different areas are set, the temperature is automatically controlled, the temperatures of the different areas are controlled in different modules, and the rock is heated at high temperature in different degrees to generate micro defects with different gradient distribution; sealing two ends of the groove by adopting a sealing plate, wherein the sealing plate comprises a sealing plate at the front end of the groove and a sealing plate at the rear end of the groove, and a metal shell and an asbestos inner layer are arranged outside the sealing plate and used for sealing the front and the rear of the groove of the heating system during high-temperature heating so as to avoid measurement errors caused by heat loss;
the image acquisition device comprises four high-speed cameras, lenses of the four high-speed cameras are respectively aligned to four parts of the rock pole, which are uniformly distributed on the central axis of the rock pole, and deformation of the rock pole when stress waves are transmitted in the rock pole is measured.
2. The test device for detecting the propagation characteristic of the stress wave in the microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at the high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the test device comprises: when a high-speed camera shoots the propagation of stress waves in a rock mass, the selected parameters are 10 ten thousand frames, the interval of each picture is 0.01ms, the shooting resolution is 256 multiplied by 128 pixels, and a 1:1 magnification macro lens is adopted as a lens; the size of the pixel point of the high-speed camera is 20 mu m, and the size of the actual shooting area is 5.12mm multiplied by 2.56 mm.
3. The test device for detecting the propagation characteristic of the stress wave in the microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at the high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the test device comprises: the launching device comprises a launching device base, a support, a launching chamber and a bullet; the bullet is located in the launching cavity, the surface of the bullet is in contact with the inner surface of the launching cavity and coated with lubricant, the launching cavity is connected with the base of the launching device through a support, and an air compressor is arranged in the launching cavity and can generate different impact speeds through different air pressures.
4. The test device for detecting the propagation characteristic of the stress wave in the microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at the high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the test device comprises: the heat-preserving shell is made of stainless steel materials and is of a double-layer forced air cooling structure, so that the external temperature of the furnace shell is close to room temperature and is not higher than 40 ℃ at the highest temperature in the furnace.
5. The test device for detecting the propagation characteristic of the stress wave in the microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at the high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the test device comprises: the data processing device is a computer provided with DIC software, and the image data obtained by the image acquisition device is introduced into the computer with the DIC software for data analysis, so that the propagation coefficient of the stress wave in the microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature is obtained, and the propagation characteristic of the stress wave is detected.
6. The test device for detecting the propagation characteristic of the stress wave in the microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at the high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the test device comprises: the implementation steps of the device are as follows: s1, selecting two rock rods, placing the rods at the groove of the heating device, enabling the left end faces of the rock rods to be perpendicular to the bullets in the launching chamber, setting the heating temperatures of different areas of the rock rods according to test requirements, and setting the distance between each section, the heating temperature and the heating time; the rock rods in all sections are unevenly heated from left to right to generate micro defects, and the micro defects generated in the rock rods are expanded due to different heating temperatures and different heating times, so that the rock rods with complex spatial gradient distribution characteristics can be obtained, and the rock rods with the micro defects in gradient distribution at high temperature can be obtained;
s2, when the rock pole is in the heating process, high-speed cameras are installed, the four high-speed cameras are placed in front of the rock pole at average distances, and the shooting angle of the lens of each high-speed camera is perpendicular to the central axis of the rock pole; then, connecting the high-speed camera with a computer provided with DIC software so as to receive image information;
s3 placing the bullet inside the firing chamber;
s4, when the temperature to be tested reaches the requirement, the internal micro defects of the rock rod are expanded and distributed in a gradient manner, and the upper cover of the heating device is opened;
s5, in order to prevent the temperature from dropping rapidly, after the upper cover of the heating device is opened, the launching system is started immediately, the bullet is launched at a certain impact speed by the air pressure generated by the air compressor, and the local deformation of the four parts of the central axis of the rock pole under high temperature is recorded by the high-speed camera;
s6, importing the image data recorded by the high-speed camera into a computer with DIC software, storing the test data, and analyzing the data to detect the propagation of stress waves;
s7, repeating the operation of the rod 2 according to the steps to detect the propagation of the stress wave;
s8, comparing the oscillograms detected by the rods 1 and 2, the influence of the gradient distribution micro-defect rock mass on the propagation of the stress wave can be analyzed, and the stress wave propagation is obviously influenced by the gradient distribution characteristics of the micro-defects.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111482284.9A CN114216801A (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Test device for detecting propagation characteristics of stress waves in microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature |
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| CN202111482284.9A CN114216801A (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Test device for detecting propagation characteristics of stress waves in microdefect gradient distribution rock mass at high temperature |
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| CN108709931A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2018-10-26 | 武汉理工大学 | The laboratory test system and method for stress wave propagation rule in the jointed rock mass of deep |
| CN109342564A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-15 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of experimental rig for the propagation characteristic in jointed rock mass of stress wave under researching high-temperature |
| CN109708980A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-03 | 河南理工大学 | More many reference amounts Simultaneous Monitoring dynamically load experimental provisions of one kind and application method |
| WO2019205189A1 (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-31 | 东北大学 | Test apparatus and method for key roof block collapse in bidirectional static-dynamic loading |
| CN111307624A (en) * | 2020-04-12 | 2020-06-19 | 北京工业大学 | Test device for propagation characteristic of stress wave in multi-scale fractured rock mass at high temperature |
-
2021
- 2021-12-07 CN CN202111482284.9A patent/CN114216801A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103868802A (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-06-18 | 湖南大学 | Hopkinson pressure bar experimental apparatus and testing method |
| CN108709931A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2018-10-26 | 武汉理工大学 | The laboratory test system and method for stress wave propagation rule in the jointed rock mass of deep |
| WO2019205189A1 (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2019-10-31 | 东北大学 | Test apparatus and method for key roof block collapse in bidirectional static-dynamic loading |
| CN109342564A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-02-15 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of experimental rig for the propagation characteristic in jointed rock mass of stress wave under researching high-temperature |
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