A kind of high-wearing feature generator axle sleeve
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-wearing feature generator axle sleeve, belongs to technical field of generators.
Background technology
In part during exercise, rotating shaft is installed in axis hole, because long-term use can be caused between rotating shaft and axis hole
Abrasion, is generally arranged on countershaft in rotating shaft by axle sleeve and shields, but rotating shaft and axle sleeve are during supporting the use
Rubbed constantly, at present, ensureing to fill therebetween by the way of lubricating oil is added between axle sleeve and rotating shaft
The lubrication divided, extend the service life of rotating shaft and axle sleeve.Therefore, the fatigue strength of axle sleeve, wearability, intensity, hardness have very high
Requirement, the bearing capacity of sleeve lining is not high at present, reduces the service life of axle sleeve;And processing technology is complicated, processing
Efficiency is very low.The deficiencies in the prior art cause axle sleeve in use, still have in-convenience in use, or self-lubrication function is not
The problems such as improving, if maintenance is not prompt enough, the problem of axle and axle sleeve heavy wear can be caused, or even scrapped.
The content of the invention
A kind of high-wearing feature axle sleeve:The axle sleeve is cylindrical, and axle sleeve cylinder inner surface offers horizontal oil groove, axle sleeve bag
Copper alloy shaft sleeve main body is included,
Copper alloy chemical composition is(Percentage by weight):Al:12.5 ﹪, Sn:9.5 ﹪, Fe:4.5 ﹪, Mg:2.5 ﹪, Mn:
0.85 ﹪, Ca 0.75 ﹪, Zn:0.55 ﹪, Ti:0.15 ﹪, Y:0.075 ﹪, Cr:0.055 ﹪, Zr:0.035 ﹪, Mo:
0.015 ﹪, Nb:0.015 ﹪, surplus are Cu and inevitable impurity;
The axle sleeve is manufactured to comprise the following steps:According to above-mentioned copper alloy chemical composition dispensing, first fine copper is added to molten
In furnace, Control for Kiln Temperature is at 1180 DEG C, and after fine copper fusing, copper melt temperature is raised to 1200 DEG C of addition aluminum bronze intermediate alloys, after
Furnace temperature is increased to 1220 DEG C of addition tin copper intermediate alloys;Furnace temperature is increased to 1240 DEG C of addition iron copper intermediate alloys afterwards;Afterwards will
Furnace temperature is increased to 1260 DEG C and adds other alloying elements, and rear furnace temperature is increased to 1280 DEG C, adds refining cleanser, refines cleanser
Addition is the 0.9% of furnace charge amount, is stirred 50 minutes, stands 100 minutes, treats that slag separates with molten metal, skim, rear to add covering
Agent, the total addition of coverture are the 0.6% of furnace charge amount, skim after standing 40 minutes, axle sleeve is poured into a mould again afterwards;Cast
Temperature is 1200 DEG C;Obtained axle sleeve blank is heat-treated:Axle sleeve blank is carried out first to be heated to 750 DEG C, heating
50 DEG C/h of speed, 2 hours are incubated, carries out Quenching Treatment afterwards, hardening media is water, heats axle sleeve from room temperature after quenching
To 550 DEG C, 75 DEG C/h of heating rate, be incubated 3 hours, after be cooled to 300 DEG C, 50 DEG C/h of rate of temperature fall, insulation 3 is small
When, after be cooled to 200 DEG C again, 50 DEG C/h of rate of temperature fall, be incubated 9 hours, after be air-cooled to room temperature, the refining cleanser
Including:Aluminium chloride 70%, calcirm-fluoride 10%, prodan 10%, silica 1 0%;The coverture includes:Potassium chloride
30%, borax 20%, sodium fluoride 20%, calcium chloride 20%, sodium chloride 10%;
Carbo-nitriding heat treatment is carried out to workpiece cylinder inner surface and outer surface, oozes process by force:750-760 DEG C of model of temperature
Enclose, carbon potential and nitrogen gesture take level Four step, carbon potential 1.2-1.4%, nitrogen gesture 0.4-0.6%, are incubated 3h, then reduce carbon potential to 1.0-
1.1%, rise nitrogen gesture to 0.7-0.9%, 3h is incubated, then reduce carbon potential to 0.7-0.9%, rise nitrogen gesture to 1.0-1.1%, insulation
4h, carbon potential is finally reduced to 0.4-0.5%, rise nitrogen gesture to 1.2-1.6%, is incubated 4h;It is diffused after oozing by force, diffusion process:
Control furnace temperature is down to 730 DEG C, is incubated 3h, is cooled to 700 DEG C, is incubated 4h, diffusion process carbon-potential control between 0.9-1.0%,
Nitrogen potential control is between 1.1-1.2%;It is air-cooled to room temperature;
Workpiece is warming up to 600 DEG C after carbo-nitriding, 200 DEG C/h of heating rate, is incubated 6 hours, water cooling is quenched afterwards
Fire, base substrate is heated again and is incubated 3 hours at 500 DEG C, comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature;Base substrate is put into subzero treatment 10 in liquid nitrogen and divided
Clock, room temperature is gone back up in atmosphere;
Built-up welding is carried out to workpiece cylinder outer surface after subzero treatment, bead-welding technology is:210 DEG C of preheatings;During built-up welding, electric current is
55A, voltage 12V, built-up welding speed are 13mm/s, and argon flow amount 13L/min, overlay cladding thickness is 2.5mm;, built-up welding completion
Slow cooling afterwards;Overlay cladding forms:Cu 12.5%, Fe 7.5%, Sn 2.5%, Mo 0.85%, Al 0.65%, Cr 0.25%, V
0.15%, surplus Zn;
Heap postwelding is carried out to workpiece cylinder outer surface built-up welding is carried out to workpiece cylinder inner surface, bead-welding technology is:180 DEG C pre-
Heat, during built-up welding, electric current 67A, voltage 12V, built-up welding speed is 9mm/s, argon flow amount 9L/min, and overlay cladding thickness is
3mm;, Slow cooling after the completion of built-up welding;Overlay cladding forms:Al 10.5%, Mg 8.5%, Co 5.5%, Si 2.5%, Ti
0.75%, Sb 0.045%, Zn 0.025%, surplus Ni;
Oil groove cell body section into semicircle or rectangle,
The carbo-nitriding carried out to workpiece cylinder inner surface and outer surface also includes cylinder inner surface oil groove cell body surface.
Carrying out built-up welding to workpiece cylinder inner surface also includes cylinder inner surface oil groove cell body surface.
Foregoing invention content is relative to the beneficial effect of prior art:1)Copper-based alloy material of the present invention fully meets
The intensity requirement of axle sleeve material of main part;2)Hardness and intensity that multistage gradient carbo-nitriding heat treatment improves axle sleeve are carried out to axle sleeve
Fatigue behaviour, avoid the occurrence of crackle; 3)Axle sleeve is handled by inside surfacing and reaches higher wearability and fatigue durability
Can, corresponding fatigue behaviour is also improved;4)By carrying out built-up welding to sleeve outer surface, anti-corrosion, the high temperature resistant of material are improved.
5)Axle sleeve carries out subzero treatment and improves its impact resistance and fatigue behaviour.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is axle sleeve front view;
Fig. 2 is axle sleeve top view.
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and the effect of the present invention is more clearly understood, now describe the present invention's in detail
Embodiment.
High-wearing feature generator axle sleeve as shown in Figure 1-2, axle sleeve is cylindrical, and axle sleeve cylinder inner surface offers horizontal oil
Groove(1), oilhole is offered on oil groove(2), axle sleeve cylinder inner surface has nickel alloy overlay cladding(3), axle sleeve cylinder outer surface tool
There is kirsite overlay cladding(4).
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-wearing feature axle sleeve:The axle sleeve is cylindrical, and axle sleeve cylinder inner surface offers horizontal oil groove, axle sleeve bag
Copper alloy shaft sleeve main body is included,
Copper alloy chemical composition is(Percentage by weight):Al:12.5 ﹪, Sn:9.5 ﹪, Fe:4.5 ﹪, Mg:2.5 ﹪, Mn:
0.85 ﹪, Ca 0.75 ﹪, Zn:0.55 ﹪, Ti:0.15 ﹪, Y:0.075 ﹪, Cr:0.055 ﹪, Zr:0.035 ﹪, Mo:
0.015 ﹪, Nb:0.015 ﹪, surplus are Cu and inevitable impurity;
The axle sleeve is manufactured to comprise the following steps:According to above-mentioned copper alloy chemical composition dispensing, first fine copper is added to molten
In furnace, Control for Kiln Temperature is at 1180 DEG C, and after fine copper fusing, copper melt temperature is raised to 1200 DEG C of addition aluminum bronze intermediate alloys, after
Furnace temperature is increased to 1220 DEG C of addition tin copper intermediate alloys;Furnace temperature is increased to 1240 DEG C of addition iron copper intermediate alloys afterwards;Afterwards will
Furnace temperature is increased to 1260 DEG C and adds other alloying elements, and rear furnace temperature is increased to 1280 DEG C, adds refining cleanser, refines cleanser
Addition is the 0.9% of furnace charge amount, is stirred 50 minutes, stands 100 minutes, treats that slag separates with molten metal, skim, rear to add covering
Agent, the total addition of coverture are the 0.6% of furnace charge amount, skim after standing 40 minutes, axle sleeve is poured into a mould again afterwards;Cast
Temperature is 1200 DEG C;Obtained axle sleeve blank is heat-treated:Axle sleeve blank is carried out first to be heated to 750 DEG C, heating
50 DEG C/h of speed, 2 hours are incubated, carries out Quenching Treatment afterwards, hardening media is water, heats axle sleeve from room temperature after quenching
To 550 DEG C, 75 DEG C/h of heating rate, be incubated 3 hours, after be cooled to 300 DEG C, 50 DEG C/h of rate of temperature fall, insulation 3 is small
When, after be cooled to 200 DEG C again, 50 DEG C/h of rate of temperature fall, be incubated 9 hours, after be air-cooled to room temperature, the refining cleanser
Including:Aluminium chloride 70%, calcirm-fluoride 10%, prodan 10%, silica 1 0%;The coverture includes:Potassium chloride
30%, borax 20%, sodium fluoride 20%, calcium chloride 20%, sodium chloride 10%;
Carbo-nitriding heat treatment is carried out to workpiece cylinder inner surface and outer surface, oozes process by force:750-760 DEG C of model of temperature
Enclose, carbon potential and nitrogen gesture take level Four step, carbon potential 1.2-1.4%, nitrogen gesture 0.4-0.6%, are incubated 3h, then reduce carbon potential to 1.0-
1.1%, rise nitrogen gesture to 0.7-0.9%, 3h is incubated, then reduce carbon potential to 0.7-0.9%, rise nitrogen gesture to 1.0-1.1%, insulation
4h, carbon potential is finally reduced to 0.4-0.5%, rise nitrogen gesture to 1.2-1.6%, is incubated 4h;It is diffused after oozing by force, diffusion process:
Control furnace temperature is down to 730 DEG C, is incubated 3h, is cooled to 700 DEG C, is incubated 4h, diffusion process carbon-potential control between 0.9-1.0%,
Nitrogen potential control is between 1.1-1.2%;It is air-cooled to room temperature;
Workpiece is warming up to 600 DEG C after carbo-nitriding, 200 DEG C/h of heating rate, is incubated 6 hours, water cooling is quenched afterwards
Fire, base substrate is heated again and is incubated 3 hours at 500 DEG C, comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature;Base substrate is put into subzero treatment 10 in liquid nitrogen and divided
Clock, room temperature is gone back up in atmosphere;
Built-up welding is carried out to workpiece cylinder outer surface after subzero treatment, bead-welding technology is:210 DEG C of preheatings;During built-up welding, electric current is
55A, voltage 12V, built-up welding speed are 13mm/s, and argon flow amount 13L/min, overlay cladding thickness is 2.5mm;, built-up welding completion
Slow cooling afterwards;Overlay cladding forms:Cu 12.5%, Fe 7.5%, Sn 2.5%, Mo 0.85%, Al 0.65%, Cr 0.25%, V
0.15%, surplus Zn;
Heap postwelding is carried out to workpiece cylinder outer surface built-up welding is carried out to workpiece cylinder inner surface, bead-welding technology is:180 DEG C pre-
Heat, during built-up welding, electric current 67A, voltage 12V, built-up welding speed is 9mm/s, argon flow amount 9L/min, and overlay cladding thickness is
3mm;, Slow cooling after the completion of built-up welding;Overlay cladding forms:Al 10.5%, Mg 8.5%, Co 5.5%, Si 2.5%, Ti
0.75%, Sb 0.045%, Zn 0.025%, surplus Ni.