CN104451244A - High-performance antifriction and antiwear manganese-aluminum-bronze alloy - Google Patents
High-performance antifriction and antiwear manganese-aluminum-bronze alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN104451244A CN104451244A CN201410788715.8A CN201410788715A CN104451244A CN 104451244 A CN104451244 A CN 104451244A CN 201410788715 A CN201410788715 A CN 201410788715A CN 104451244 A CN104451244 A CN 104451244A
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- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910018507 Al—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 55
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 44
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 43
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 33
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 25
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 24
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003831 antifriction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 leaded Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/01—Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-performance antifriction and antiwear manganese-aluminum-bronze alloy. According to the technical scheme adopted by the invention, the high-performance antifriction and antiwear manganese-aluminum-bronze alloy is prepared from Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu by casting and hot forging or hot rolling. The elements of the high-performance antifriction and antiwear manganese-aluminum-bronze alloy comprise 5-10% by mass of Mn, 6-10% by mass of Al, 1.5-2.5% by mass of Fe, 1.5-2.5% by mass of Zn, 0.4-0.8% by mass of Ce and the balance of Cu. The high-performance antifriction and antiwear manganese-aluminum-bronze alloy provided by the invention can be used for overcoming the defects of low fatigue strength and poor heat resistance of babbitt and increase of seizure resistance, compliance resistance and embedment resistance of copper-based alloy and aluminum-based alloy in poor lubrication environment and solving the traditional problem in the field that toxic metals such as lead and cadmium can cause pollution to environment easily. In addition, the high-performance antifriction and antiwear manganese-aluminum-bronze alloy can function as the antifriction and antiwear material of all parts and components of a friction motion pair used in complex conditions of high speed, heavy duty, high temperature and corrosive media in the machinery industry, metallurgy industry, energy industry and chemical industry and can be used for preparing parts and components such as sliding bearings, worm gears, sliding blocks, shaft sleeves and driving nuts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy.
Background technology
In the mechanical means such as existing metallurgy, the energy, mine, communications and transportation, there is all kinds of friction pair, such as: sliding surface bearing, gear, worm gear, guide rail, driving nut etc., in order to raise the efficiency, keep precision, the power loss needing minimizing to produce because of relative movement friction and wearing and tearing, require that the material of friction pair has comparatively low friction coefficient and comparatively high-wear resistance.At present, conventional antifriction metal material mainly contains Babbitt metal, copper base alloy and aluminum base alloy.Babbitt metal is a kind of traditional bearing alloy material, has good antifriction quality, and good to the conformability of axle journal, embedding Tibetan property, erosion resistance is high, to features such as the tackiness of steel and bronze are good; But the physical strength of Babbitt metal is not high, and temperature tolerance is poor, and use range is restricted, be mainly used in the occasions such as underloading, low speed and low temperature environment.The physical strength of copper base alloy and aluminum base alloy is higher, has the advantages such as good wear resistance, antifriction quality, erosion resistance and good manufacturability, is widely used in high speed, heavy-duty sliding bearing, worm gear pair, the part such as axle sleeve and driving nut.Be mostly low melting point tin, lead or cadmium as the main alloy element in the copper base alloy of antifriction material and aluminum base alloy, tin soft in friction process, lead are easily distributed on lubricate on friction surface.Improve the content of tin or lead in copper alloy and aluminium alloy, the block resistance of alloy, conformability and embedding Tibetan property increase, but fatigue resistance declines, and manufacturability worsens, and segregation phenomena increases; Secondly, mostly contain toxic metal that is plumbous or cadmium in copper base alloy and aluminum base alloy, easily produce environmental pollution; And the price of tin is more expensive, increase the production cost of alloy.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, it is the toxic metal such as leaded, cadmium neither, does not pollute the environment again; Also there is excellent hot and cold formed machining performance; And DEG C temperature range has more excellent properties of antifriction and wear resistance in room temperature ~ 400; Its production cost is low, applied range, and easy suitability for industrialized production, is convenient to penetration and promotion, and commercial promise is wide.
To achieve these goals, a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, comprises following component by percentage to the quality:
In order to implementation structure, effect optimization, its further step is.
A kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, comprises following component by percentage to the quality:
A kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, its smelting temperature is 1230 ~ 1250 DEG C, and be incubated 10 ~ 15 minutes, teeming temperature is 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C; Forge hot or hot rolling initial temperature are 830 ~ 860 DEG C, and finish-forging or finishing temperature are more than 730 DEG C.
A kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, its microstructure is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution.
A kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, its microhardness value is higher than 178.5HV
2N; Tensile strength is higher than 398MPa; Unit elongation is greater than 29.3%.
A kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, its metal to-metal contact factor is at room temperature less than 0.29, and wear rate is lower than 3.36 × 10
-12m
3/ (N.m).
A kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, its rubbing factor under room temperature oil lubrication is less than 0.1, and wear rate is lower than 3.22 × 10
-15m
3/ (N.m).
A kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, its metal to-metal contact factor at 300 DEG C is less than 0.29, and wear rate is lower than 2.68 × 10
-13m
3/ (N.m).
A kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant of the present invention Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, it adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, is shaped through founding, forge hot or hot rolling; In this alloy, the mass percentage scope of each element is: the technical scheme of Mn5 ~ 10%, Al 6 ~ 10%, Fe 1.5 ~ 2.5%, Zn 1.5 ~ 2.5%, Ce 0.4 ~ 0.8% and Cu surplus; Which overcome that Babbitt metal fatigue strength is low, resistance toheat is poor, and easily there is the defects such as anti-bite viscosity, conformability and embedding Tibetan property increase when lubricating environment and being bad in copper base alloy and aluminum base alloy, and solve lead, cadmium toxic metal easily produces the industry conventional difficulties such as environmental pollution.
The beneficial effect that the present invention is produced compared to existing technology:
(I) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; Which overcome that Babbitt metal fatigue strength is low, resistance toheat is poor, and easily there is the defects such as anti-bite viscosity, conformability and embedding Tibetan property increase when lubricating environment and being bad in copper base alloy and aluminum base alloy, makes it to have lower metal to-metal contact factor, good anti-bite viscosity;
(II) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; Make it have the properties of antifriction and wear resistance being significantly better than ZCuSn10P1 tinbronze and ZSnSb11Cu6 Babbitt metal;
(III) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; Make it have for the friction pair material under different rotating speeds, different loads and complex working conditions;
(IV) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; Significantly improve the transmission efficiency of mechanical means, reliability, saved energy consumption, extend the work-ing life of part;
(V) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; The microstructure of this alloy is β-Cu
3al solid solution phase, its microhardness value is higher than 178.5HV
2N; Tensile strength is higher than 398MPa; Unit elongation is greater than 29.3%; There is excellent properties of antifriction and wear resistance;
(VI) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; It has excellent corrosion resistance nature, and this alloy soaks after 240 hours in massfraction is 5%NaCl or 10%HCl or 10%NaOH solution, and alloy surface is still bright, does not corrode;
(VII) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; It by adjusting the content of each alloying element component, allocates the hardness of alloy, intensity and unit elongation ensureing under good antifriction performance prerequisite, to adapt to the different requirement to the material that rubs;
(VIII) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; It has antioxidant property excellent below 650 DEG C and corrosion resistance nature;
(Ⅸ) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; It has excellent casting, forging and stamping, rolling process industrial art performance, is conducive to suitability for industrialized production;
(Ⅹ) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; It solve toxic metal such as adopting lead, cadmium and easily produce the industry conventional difficulties such as environmental pollution; Achieve the poisoning metal element such as alloy material of the present invention is not leaded, cadmium, pollution is not produced to environment;
(Ⅺ) the present invention adopts and is made up of Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, through the technical scheme that founding, forge hot or hot rolling are shaped; Wherein bullion content is low, and production cost is low, is convenient to penetration and promotion, and commercial promise is wide;
A kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant of the present invention Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, the friction reducing abrasion resistant material that the secondary each component of fricting movement under its applicable complex working condition such as industry high speed, heavy duty, high temperature, corrosive medium such as work machinery, metallurgy, the energy, chemical industry etc. are desirable; As being used for manufacturing the component such as sliding surface bearing, worm gear pair, slide block, axle sleeve and driving nut.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure of the embodiment of the present invention 8.
Fig. 2 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of the embodiment of the present invention 8.
Fig. 3 is the dry friction and wear surface topography map of the embodiment of the present invention 8.
Fig. 4 is the dry friction and wear surface topography map of contrast material ZSnSb11Cu6 Babbitt metal.
Fig. 5 is the dry friction and wear surface topography map of contrast material ZCuSn10P1 tinbronze.
Fig. 6 is the metallographic structure figure of Al content 4.5%.
Fig. 7 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of Al content 4.5%.
Embodiment
Shown in accompanying drawing, comprehensive technical measure of the present invention and structural principle: a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, it adopts and forms batching by Mn, Al, Fe, Zn, Ce and Cu, is shaped through founding, forge hot or hot rolling; Following each component concentration ranges is comprised by percentage to the quality: Mn5 ~ 10%, Al 6 ~ 10%, Fe 1.5 ~ 2.5%, Zn 1.5 ~ 2.5%, Ce 0.4 ~ 0.8% and Cu surplus in this alloy; Its founding, forge hot or hot-rolled process parameter are: smelting temperature 1230 ~ 1250 DEG C, is incubated 10 ~ 15 minutes, teeming temperature 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C; Forge hot or hot rolling initial temperature 830 ~ 860 DEG C, finish-forging or finishing temperature more than 730 DEG C.
Composition graphs, table, a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant of the present invention Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution body tissue, alloy structure and composition more even; Mn can more be solid-solution in α-Cu mutually in, improve the alloying level of α-Cu phase, produce solution strengthening; Mn can reduce again the solid solubility of Al in α-Cu phase simultaneously, can stablize β phase, postpones, even stops eutectoid transformation (β → α+γ
2) generation; Test shows, the Mn-Al-Ni bronze of Al content below 3.5% is the tissue of α-Cu single phase solid solution, and plasticity is good, is easy to carry out cold and hot working; But the hardness of alloy is low, tensile strength is not high; Al content is the two-phase structure of alpha+beta at the Mn-Al-Ni bronze of 3.5 ~ 6% scopes, and the quantity of the β phase in tissue increases with the raising of Al content, and now intensity increases and plasticity reduction; After Al content is greater than 6%, Mn-Al-Ni bronze tissue is all β single phase solid solution body tissue, and β phase is with electron compound Cu
3al is the sosoloid of base, and body-centered cubic crystal structure has higher mechanical property and plastic deformation ability, particularly thermoplasticity good, can carry out thermal processing distortion; Be that Mn-Al-Ni bronze in 6 ~ 10% scopes shows excellent properties of antifriction and wear resistance at Al content; Al content more than 10% after, Mn-Al-Ni bronze is β+γ
2two-phase structure, due to γ
2with electron compound Cu
32al
19for the sosoloid of base, complicated cubic structure, there is larger fragility, Mn-Al-Ni bronze plasticity is significantly reduced; When occurring thick γ in alloy
2time, Mn-Al-Ni bronze will seriously become fragile; Frictional wear is analyzed and is shown, α single phase structure, alpha+beta or β+γ
2the properties of antifriction and wear resistance of the Mn-Al-Ni bronze of two-phase structure is all poor, and the Mn-Al-Ni bronze of β single phase structure shows excellent properties of antifriction and wear resistance.
Adding a small amount of Fe can thinning microstructure structure, carries heavy alloyed mechanical property and wear resisting property, but when Fe too high levels, can form too much Fe-riched phase, fall low-alloyed corrosion resisting property and processing performance, and the fragility of alloy increases; Add a small amount of Zn to be conducive to putting forward heavy alloyed mobility, improve its castability; Add the effect that micro-Ce has crystal grain thinning, mechanical property and the pressure machining characteristics of alloy are useful; Also be conducive to the tribological property improving alloy surface simultaneously, reduce the rubbing factor of material; After alloy forge hot, hot rolling, weave construction is finer and close, and composition is homogenizing more, the raising corresponding to friction and wear behavior of the mechanical property of alloy.
The wear surface of anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy of the present invention is smooth, and wear scar width is little, does not occur crackle and ditch dug with a plow, only produces less viscous deformation and the abrasive dust of trace in friction process, shows the ability of excellent antistick and antifatigue wearing and tearing.The wear surface of contrast material ZSnSb11Cu6 Babbitt metal creates significant viscous deformation, has occurred darker mill hole and localized cracks, the ability of the supporting capacity of Babbitt metal and antifatigue wearing and tearing; The wear surface of contrast material ZCuSn10P1 tinbronze creates serious adhesive coating, and wear scar width is comparatively large, and thus properties of antifriction and wear resistance is not ideal enough.
Embodiment 1
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 5%, Al 6.5%, Fe2%, Zn2%, Ce0.6%, surplus Cu prepares burden, melting in vacuum induction furnace, smelting temperature is 1230 DEG C, be incubated 10 minutes, then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1150 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; This alloy is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution body tissue, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Embodiment 2
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 6%, Al 6%, Fe 1.5%, Zn 1.5%, Ce0.4%, surplus Cu prepares burden; Melting in vacuum induction furnace, smelting temperature is 1235 DEG C, is incubated 10 minutes; Then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1155 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; This alloy is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution body tissue, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Embodiment 3
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 6.5%, Al 6.5%, Fe 1.5%, Zn 1.5%, Ce0.4%, surplus Cu prepares burden; Melting in vacuum induction furnace, smelting temperature is 1240 DEG C, is incubated 11 minutes; Then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1160 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; This alloy is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution body tissue, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Embodiment 4
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 7%, Al7%, Fe 2%, Zn 2%, Ce0.5%, surplus Cu prepares burden, melting in vacuum induction furnace; Smelting temperature is 1240 DEG C, is incubated 12 minutes; Then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1165 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; This alloy is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution body tissue, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Embodiment 5
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 7.5%, Al 7.5%, Fe 2%, Zn 2%, Ce0.5%, surplus Cu prepares burden, melting in vacuum induction furnace; Smelting temperature is 1245 DEG C, is incubated 13 minutes; Then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1170 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; This alloy is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution body tissue, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Embodiment 6
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 8%, Al 8%, Fe2.5%, Zn 2.5%, Ce0.6%, surplus Cu prepares burden, melting in vacuum induction furnace; Smelting temperature is 1245 DEG C, is incubated 14 minutes; Then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1175 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; This alloy is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution body tissue, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Embodiment 7
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 8.5%, Al 8.5%, Fe 2.5%, Zn 2.5%, Ce 0.6%, surplus Cu prepares burden, melting in vacuum induction furnace; Smelting temperature is 1240 DEG C, is incubated 14 minutes; Then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1185 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; This alloy is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution body tissue, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Embodiment 8
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 9%, Al 9%, Fe 2%, Zn 2%, Ce 0.7%, surplus Cu prepares burden, melting in vacuum induction furnace; Smelting temperature is 1245 DEG C, is incubated 14 minutes; Then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1190 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; This alloy is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution body tissue, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Embodiment 9
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 9.5%, Al9.5%, Fe 2.5%, Zn 2.5%, Ce 0.8%, surplus Cu prepares burden, melting in vacuum induction furnace; Smelting temperature is 1250 DEG C, is incubated 15 minutes; Then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1195 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; Carry out forging and stamping processing to ingot casting, heating initial temperature is 850 DEG C, is incubated 10 minutes; Final forging temperature is more than 730 DEG C; The pole of forging ' s block dimension to be diameter be 20mm; This alloy is β-Cu
3the forging and stamping tissue of Al single phase solid solution, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Embodiment 10
By raw material by mass percentage: Mn 10%, Al 10%, Fe 2.5%, Zn 2.5%, Ce0.8%, surplus Cu prepares burden; Melting in vacuum induction furnace, smelting temperature is 1250 DEG C, is incubated 15 minutes; Then, be that to be poured into diameter be in the graphite mo(u)ld of 40mm for the aluminium alloy of 1200 DEG C by teeming temperature, it is the circular ingot of 40mm that naturally cooling obtains diameter; Carry out hot rolling to ingot casting, heating initial temperature is 860 DEG C, and be incubated 15 minutes, finishing temperature is more than 730 DEG C; Hot-rolled sheet is of a size of thickness 5mm sheet material; This alloy is β-Cu
3the rolling structure of Al single phase solid solution, its microhardness, tensile strength and unit elongation numerical value are in table 2; Its friction and wear behavior is in table 3.
Particularly point out: in order to realize anti-friction wear-resistant characteristic of the present invention, in holistic approach process, carry out further making a concrete analysis of, studying to Al content, drawn: when Al content is lower, such as Al content is 4.5%, and the microstructure of this alloy is α-Cu phase+β-Cu
3al phase, e.g., Fig. 6 is the metallographic structure figure of Mn 8%, Al 4.5%, Fe2.5%, Zn2.5%, Ce0.4%, surplus Cu alloy; Fig. 7 is Mn 8%, Al 4.5%, Fe2.5%, Zn2.5%, Ce0.4%, the X ray diffracting spectrum of surplus Cu alloy; Its microhardness is 145.6HV
2N, tensile strength is 368MPa, and unit elongation is 26.2%; Under room temperature metal to-metal contact, rubbing factor is 0.42, and wear rate is 7.58 × 10
-12m
3/ (N.m), the mechanical property of this alloy and tribological property are all undesirable.
Subordinate list illustrates:
The one-tenth that table 1 is embodiment of the present invention 1-10 is grouped into and machining state.
Table 2 is the microhardness of embodiment of the present invention 1-10, tensile strength and unit elongation.
Table 3 is the friction and wear behavior of embodiment of the present invention 1-10.
The test conditions that in table 3, each data use illustrates: frictional wear experiment adopts high speed reciprocating friction wear testing machine, to the auxiliary material that rubs for the GCr15 steel ball that hardens, and hardness 62HRC, diameter 4mm; Load 20N, rotating speed 900r/min, moves back and forth distance 5mm, experimental period 20min.Wear volume adopts the double mode three-dimensional surface profile instrument of NanoMap 500-LS to measure.Table 1
Table 2
Embodiment | Microhardness (HV 2N) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Unit elongation (%) |
1 | 178.5 | 398 | 35.3 |
2 | 183.9 | 412 | 34.5 |
3 | 215.8 | 428 | 33.8 |
4 | 245.6 | 489 | 32.6 |
5 | 287.4 | 532 | 31.4 |
6 | 309.3 | 587 | 30.6 |
7 | 318.4 | 590 | 29.3 |
8 | 330.2 | 615 | 30.8 |
9 | 338.6 | 624 | 33.5 |
10 | 353.5 | 648 | 32.2 |
Table 3
Claims (8)
1. a high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy, is characterized in that, comprises following component by percentage to the quality:
2. a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following component by percentage to the quality:
3. a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy according to claim 1,2, it is characterized in that its smelting temperature is 1230 ~ 1250 DEG C, be incubated 10 ~ 15 minutes, teeming temperature is 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C; Forge hot or hot rolling initial temperature are 830 ~ 860 DEG C, and finish-forging or finishing temperature are more than 730 DEG C.
4. a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy according to claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that its microstructure is β-Cu
3al single phase solid solution.
5. a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy according to claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that its microhardness value is higher than 178.5HV
2N; Tensile strength is higher than 398MPa; Unit elongation is greater than 29.3%.
6. a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy according to claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that its metal to-metal contact factor is at room temperature less than 0.29, wear rate is lower than 3.36 × 10
-12m
3/ (N.m).
7. a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy according to claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that its rubbing factor under room temperature oil lubrication is less than 0.1, wear rate is lower than 3.22 × 10
-15m
3/ (N.m).
8. a kind of high-performance anti-friction wear-resistant Mn-Al-Ni bronze alloy according to claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that its metal to-metal contact factor at 300 DEG C is less than 0.29, wear rate is lower than 2.68 × 10
-13m
3/ (N.m).
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