CN105837174A - Fire-resistant domestic ceramics - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses fire-resistant domestic ceramics, which are manufactured from the following raw materials, by weight part, 13-15 of gypsum, 5-7 of calcium oxide, 13-15 of alumina magnesia spinel, 16-20 of sericite, 6-9 of aluminium powder, 5-7 of silica sol, 7-9 of activated carbon, 1-2 of propenyl alcohol, 40-45 of coal ash, 35-40 of white glaze spheres, 6-8 of waste glass, 10-14 of maifan stone, 21-25 of green tea, 14-17 of orange peels, 6-8 of shell powder, 4-6 of shrimp shell powder, 0.2-0.3 of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2-0.3 of tributyl phosphate, and a proper amount of deionized water. The fire-resistant domestic ceramics are high in strength, have certain shock resistance, are good in particle adhesion, and thus, the problem that conventional ceramics are damaged and prone to crack is overcome. The fire-resistant domestic ceramics are worthy of promotion.

Description

A kind of fire safe type ceramic ware for daily use

Technical field

The present invention relates to domestic ceramics technical field, particularly relate to a kind of fire safe type ceramic ware for daily use.

Background technology

China's not only rich in mineral resources, also it is coal production state maximum in the world and consumption of coal state simultaneously, in recent years, China's thermal power generation quickly grows, wherein great majority are with coal as fuel, generated energy reaches 1.3 hundred million kW h, and thermal power generation proportion has reached 79.6%, thus causes flyash discharge capacity to increase year by year.In the end of the year 2010, discharge capacity reaches nearly 300,000,000 tons, and the discharge of a large amount of flyash have received to be paid close attention to the most widely.China started just to how utilizing the flyash breach as comprehensive utilization of resources from 1987, comprehensively utilizes it, becomes a long-range policy of economy and social development.Cullet its chemical stability of class material is extremely strong; without putrefaction, do not burn, can not degrade; substantial amounts of cullet both took up an area; pollute again environment; reclaiming and utilizing is to save the energy, the optimal path of protection environment; and there is good economy, the main component of glass is silica, it is possible to promote the sintering of pottery.In Production of Ceramics, firing temperature is the highest, firing time is the longest, and energy consumption is the highest, according to heat Balance Calculation, firing temperature often reduces by 100 DEG C, then unit product heat consumption can reduce by more than 10%, and firing time often shortens 10%, then yield increases by 10%, heat consumption reduces by 4%, so reduction firing temperature and time have significant energy-saving and emission-reduction social effect.

Over nearly 20 years, ceramic industry enters developing stage with rapid changepl. never-ending changes and improvements, and new technology, a large amount of uses of new equipment, ceramic yield also increases by a fairly big margin.New ceramics, as a kind of new material, is taken the course of its own at Material Field with the performance of its excellence, is paid much attention to by people.Domestic ceramics occupies an important position at Material Field as traditional ceramics material, because it relates to the every aspect of people's life, the development of domestic ceramics proposes more requirement along with the raising of people's living standard, and the most antibacterial is to propose most common requirement at present.Due to the wilderness demand of porcelain, a large amount of exploitations of china clay resource reduce the most with surprising rapidity, and are non-renewable resources, if can not find alternate resources, it is likely that can face the difficult situation that No Assets can be adopted later.Yang Yuwei et al. the article pointed out " utilizing the industrial wastes such as flyash to prepare the research of domestic ceramics ", utilize the flyash of power plant emission, the a large amount of useless saggar that ceramic industry produces, useless porcelain powder utilizes Orthogonal Experiment and Design formula, develop cleaning and produce the formula of domestic ceramics, wherein flyash, useless saggar, the content of useless porcelain powder is 10% respectively, 10%, 8%, applying this technology can be that enterprise brings considerable economic benefit, recycling for flyash finds an exit, although improve Social benefit and economic benefit, but a lot of performances are not reaching to the requirement of people, the most antibacterial, high temperature resistance, the performance such as freeze proof is the highest, the shortcoming do not grown service life.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is contemplated to make up the defect of prior art, it is provided that a kind of fire safe type ceramic ware for daily use.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A kind of fire safe type ceramic ware for daily use, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: gypsum 13-15, calcium oxide 5-7, aluminum-spinel 13-15, sericite 16-20, aluminium powder 6-9, Ludox 5-7, activated carbon 7-9, propenyl 1-2, flyash 40-45, white glaze ball 35-40, cullet 6-8, medical stone 10-14, green tea 21-25, fragrant citrus pericarp 14-17, oyster shell whiting 6-8, shrimp shell meal 4-6, polyvinyl alcohol 0.2-0.3, tributyl phosphate 0.2-0.3, deionized water are appropriate.

Described a kind of fire safe type ceramic ware for daily use, is made up of following concrete steps:

(1) Ludox, activated carbon and propenyl are stirred, add concentration and be the zirconium chloride of 0.2mol/L, silver nitrate solution, wherein activated carbon and zirconium chloride, silver nitrate solid-to-liquid ratio are 1:1-2:2-3, rise high-temperature under the conditions of 50-60 DEG C, stir reaction 2-3h, continue rise a high-temperature at 60-70 DEG C, keep 30-40min, be then dried, grind, wash, filter the most standby；

(2) fine powder is worn into after medical stone being cleaned drying, green tea, fragrant citrus pericarp, oyster shell whiting, shrimp shell meal mixing are added in the ethanol solution of 75%, 20-30min is decocted when 50-60 DEG C, it is continuously heating to when 90-100 DEG C decoct 10-20min, centrifugation is carried out after being cooled to room temperature, take after its supernatant concentration and polyvinyl alcohol, medical stone powder, tributyl phosphate ball milling 30-40min, while being stirred continuously slurry with direct current drive mixer after end, it is standby that spray drying makes nano medical stone microballoon；

(3) cullet is cleaned up post-drying to crush, it is then added to ground 100-200 mesh sieve in colloid mill, glass dust and flyash, aluminum-spinel, gypsum, sericite are mixed to get dry material, add the deionized water accounting for dry material gross mass 40-50%, obtain the slurry of 300-400 mesh through ball mill grinding；

(4) the slurry magnetic separator that step (3) obtains is carried out iron removal by magnetic separation, make content≤0.2% of iron in slurry, slurry is added to drying and moulding in forming machine and obtains base substrate, base substrate is put in the sintering furnace that in-furnace temperature is 100-200 DEG C, carrying out calcining 5-7h at a temperature of 1250-1280 DEG C, after being cooled to normal temperature, polishing is scraped standby；

(5) antiseptic mixing white glaze ball, calcium oxide, aluminium powder and step (1) obtained, it is added in ball mill carry out wet ball grinding, add the deionized water of material gross weight 45-55%, glaze slip after ball milling is crossed respectively 200 mesh, 300 mesh sieves, remove the removal of impurity and coarse granule, obtain thin glaze slip, by glaze slip glazing on biscuit prepared by step (4), at 1100-1200 DEG C, sinter 4-5h；

(6) nano medical stone microballoon and the phosphoric acid hydrogen al binder step (2) prepared mix according to 2-3:1 ratio, are coated in ceramic surface prepared by step (5), and after drying in the shade, at 120-140 DEG C, constant temperature 2h is the most available.

nullThe invention have the advantage that the present invention utilizes waste resource flyash as ceramic raw material，Reduce the pollution to environment，And wherein silica、Alumina content is higher，Specific grain surface is long-pending big in loose structure，Easily grind，The firing temperature of goods can be reduced，Reach energy-conservation purpose，Discarded glass with in flyash sintering process，Melt at low temperatures，Form glass phase，Play the effect of bonding agent，Reduce firing temperature，And it is smooth to improve ceramic surface、Freeze proof、Easy to clean、The performance of the aspects such as shock resistance，By synthesis antiseptic and glaze mixing glazing on biscuit of ceramics surface，Improve the anti-microbial property of pottery，Reduce the danger coefficient that the mankind are ill，And use green tea、Fragrant citrus pericarp、Oyster shell whiting、Shrimp shell meal decocts and extracts trace element medical stone cladding formation nano medical stone microballoon，Binding agent is utilized to be bonded in ceramic surface，By the leachable multiple trace element useful to human body that be heated for a long time，Body for people provides nutrition，Improve the health，Regulation metabolism，Human body is benefited，The domestic ceramics with fire resistance of the present invention，There is good intensity，There is certain shock resistance simultaneously，Between particle, caking property is preferable，Decrease the breakage of pottery、Problem easy to crack，It is worthy to be popularized.

Detailed description of the invention

A kind of fire safe type ceramic ware for daily use, is made up of the raw material of following weight portion (kilogram): gypsum 13, calcium oxide 5, aluminum-spinel 13, sericite 16, aluminium powder 6, Ludox 5, activated carbon 7, propenyl 1, flyash 40, white glaze ball 35, cullet 6, medical stone 10, green tea 21, fragrant citrus pericarp 14, oyster shell whiting 6, shrimp shell meal 4, polyvinyl alcohol 0.2, tributyl phosphate 0.2, deionized water are appropriate.

Described a kind of fire safe type ceramic ware for daily use, is made up of following concrete steps:

(1) Ludox, activated carbon and propenyl are stirred, add concentration and be the zirconium chloride of 0.2mol/L, silver nitrate solution, wherein activated carbon and zirconium chloride, silver nitrate solid-to-liquid ratio are 1:1:2, rise high-temperature under the conditions of 50 DEG C, stir reaction 2h, continue rise a high-temperature at 60 DEG C, keep 30min, be then dried, grind, wash, filter the most standby；

(2) fine powder is worn into after medical stone being cleaned drying, green tea, fragrant citrus pericarp, oyster shell whiting, shrimp shell meal mixing are added in the ethanol solution of 75%, 20min is decocted when 50 DEG C, it is continuously heating to when 90 DEG C decoct 10min, centrifugation is carried out after being cooled to room temperature, take after its supernatant concentration and polyvinyl alcohol, medical stone powder, tributyl phosphate ball milling 30min, with direct current drive mixer, slurry be stirred continuously after terminating, while spray drying to make nano medical stone microballoon standby；

(3) cullet is cleaned up post-drying to crush, it is then added to ground 100 mesh sieves in colloid mill, glass dust and flyash, aluminum-spinel, gypsum, sericite are mixed to get dry material, add the deionized water accounting for dry material gross mass 40%, obtain the slurry of 300 mesh through ball mill grinding；

(4) the slurry magnetic separator that step (3) obtains is carried out iron removal by magnetic separation, make content≤0.2% of iron in slurry, slurry is added to drying and moulding in forming machine and obtains base substrate, base substrate is put in the sintering furnace that in-furnace temperature is 100 DEG C, carrying out calcining 5h at a temperature of 1250 DEG C, after being cooled to normal temperature, polishing is scraped standby；

(5) antiseptic mixing white glaze ball, calcium oxide, aluminium powder and step (1) obtained, it is added in ball mill carry out wet ball grinding, add the deionized water of material gross weight 45%, glaze slip after ball milling is crossed respectively 200 mesh, 300 mesh sieves, remove the removal of impurity and coarse granule, obtain thin glaze slip, by glaze slip glazing on biscuit prepared by step (4), at 1100 DEG C, sinter 4h；

(6) nano medical stone microballoon and the phosphoric acid hydrogen al binder step (2) prepared mix according to 2:1 ratio, are coated in ceramic surface prepared by step (5), and after drying in the shade, at 120 DEG C, constant temperature 2h is the most available.

Test data:

Product appearance is regular, and glaze is smooth；Thermal shock resistance test reaches heat exchange in 20 DEG C of water of 200 DEG C of inputs and does not splits；Mechanical strength >=136mp2；Glaze vickers microhardness >=6.2GPa；Sunshine germicidal efficiency >=73% of lower 1 hour；Impact strength >=1.6J/cm2.

Claims (2)

1. a fire safe type ceramic ware for daily use, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight portion: gypsum 13-15, calcium oxide 5-7, aluminum-spinel 13-15, sericite 16-20, aluminium powder 6-9, Ludox 5-7, activated carbon 7-9, propenyl 1-2, flyash 40-45, white glaze ball 35-40, cullet 6-8, medical stone 10-14, green tea 21-25, fragrant citrus pericarp 14-17, oyster shell whiting 6-8, shrimp shell meal 4-6, polyvinyl alcohol 0.2-0.3, tributyl phosphate 0.2-0.3, deionized water are appropriate.

A kind of fire safe type ceramic ware for daily use, it is characterised in that be made up of following concrete steps:

(1) Ludox, activated carbon and propenyl are stirred, add concentration and be the zirconium chloride of 0.2mol/L, silver nitrate solution, wherein activated carbon and zirconium chloride, silver nitrate solid-to-liquid ratio are 1:1-2:2-3, rise high-temperature under the conditions of 50-60 DEG C, stir reaction 2-3h, continue rise a high-temperature at 60-70 DEG C, keep 30-40min, be then dried, grind, wash, filter the most standby；

(2) fine powder is worn into after medical stone being cleaned drying, green tea, fragrant citrus pericarp, oyster shell whiting, shrimp shell meal mixing are added in the ethanol solution of 75%, 20-30min is decocted when 50-60 DEG C, it is continuously heating to when 90-100 DEG C decoct 10-20min, centrifugation is carried out after being cooled to room temperature, take after its supernatant concentration and polyvinyl alcohol, medical stone powder, tributyl phosphate ball milling 30-40min, while being stirred continuously slurry with direct current drive mixer after end, it is standby that spray drying makes nano medical stone microballoon；

(3) cullet is cleaned up post-drying to crush, it is then added to ground 100-200 mesh sieve in colloid mill, glass dust and flyash, aluminum-spinel, gypsum, sericite are mixed to get dry material, add the deionized water accounting for dry material gross mass 40-50%, obtain the slurry of 300-400 mesh through ball mill grinding；

(4) the slurry magnetic separator that step (3) obtains is carried out iron removal by magnetic separation, make content≤0.2% of iron in slurry, slurry is added to drying and moulding in forming machine and obtains base substrate, base substrate is put in the sintering furnace that in-furnace temperature is 100-200 DEG C, carrying out calcining 5-7h at a temperature of 1250-1280 DEG C, after being cooled to normal temperature, polishing is scraped standby；

(5) antiseptic mixing white glaze ball, calcium oxide, aluminium powder and step (1) obtained, it is added in ball mill carry out wet ball grinding, add the deionized water of material gross weight 45-55%, glaze slip after ball milling is crossed respectively 200 mesh, 300 mesh sieves, remove the removal of impurity and coarse granule, obtain thin glaze slip, by glaze slip glazing on biscuit prepared by step (4), at 1100-1200 DEG C, sinter 4-5h；

(6) nano medical stone microballoon and the phosphoric acid hydrogen al binder step (2) prepared mix according to 2-3:1 ratio, are coated in ceramic surface prepared by step (5), and after drying in the shade, at 120-140 DEG C, constant temperature 2h is the most available.