CN105833932A - Electronic waste shearing and breaking device - Google Patents
Electronic waste shearing and breaking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105833932A CN105833932A CN201610328957.8A CN201610328957A CN105833932A CN 105833932 A CN105833932 A CN 105833932A CN 201610328957 A CN201610328957 A CN 201610328957A CN 105833932 A CN105833932 A CN 105833932A
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- shearing
- crushing mechanism
- crushing
- electron wastes
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 title abstract description 45
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/005—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members hydraulically or pneumatically operated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/22—Crushing mills with screw-shaped crushing means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
Abstract
发明属于固体废弃物回收处理领域，涉及一种电子废弃物剪切破碎装置，包括箱体、进料口、出料口、工作台、传送装置、一级破碎机构、二级破碎机构以及驱动装置；箱体顶部以及底部分别设置有进料口以及出料口；工作台设在箱体内部；传送装置以及一级破碎机构分别设置在工作台上；二级破碎机构以及驱动装置分别设置在工作台底部并置于箱体内部；待剪切破碎电子废弃物通过进料口后依次经由传送装置、一级破碎机构以及二级破碎机构后由出料口排出；驱动装置分别与传送装置以及二级破碎机构相连并分别驱动传送装置以及二级破碎机构进行作业。本发明提供了一种破碎效果好、破碎效率高以及运行稳定可靠的电子废弃物剪切破碎装置。
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste recycling and processing, and relates to a shearing and crushing device for electronic waste, including a box body, a material inlet, a material outlet, a workbench, a transmission device, a primary crushing mechanism, a secondary crushing mechanism, and a driving device ;The top and bottom of the box body are respectively provided with a material inlet and a material outlet; the workbench is set inside the box body; The bottom of the platform is placed inside the box; the electronic waste to be cut and crushed passes through the feeding port and then passes through the conveying device, the primary crushing mechanism and the secondary crushing mechanism, and then is discharged from the discharge port; the driving device is connected with the conveying device and the secondary crushing mechanism respectively. The primary crushing mechanism is connected to drive the transmission device and the secondary crushing mechanism to work. The invention provides an electronic waste shearing and crushing device with good crushing effect, high crushing efficiency and stable and reliable operation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于固体废弃物回收处理领域，涉及一种剪切破碎装置，尤其涉及一种电子废弃物剪切破碎装置。The invention belongs to the field of recycling and processing of solid waste, and relates to a shearing and crushing device, in particular to a shearing and crushing device for electronic waste.
背景技术Background technique
随着高科技的发展和人们需求的增长，电子产品不断推陈出新，电子废弃物成为世界上数量增长最快的垃圾。电子垃圾，主要包括各种使用后废弃的电脑、通信设备、电视机、电冰箱、洗衣机等电子电器产品。电子废弃物不规范回收处理易造成污染。电子废弃物中含有很多可回收再利用的有色金属、黑色金属、玻璃等物质。严格意义上讲，这些电子废弃物，不应称其为电子垃圾，而应称作电子旧货。伴随着电子工业的高速发展，电子废弃物污染不可避免地摆在了我们面前。电子废弃物具有危害性和可利用性。With the development of high technology and the growth of people's needs, electronic products are constantly being introduced, and electronic waste has become the fastest growing garbage in the world. Electronic waste mainly includes various electronic and electrical products such as computers, communication equipment, televisions, refrigerators, washing machines, etc. that are discarded after use. Non-standard recycling of electronic waste can easily cause pollution. Electronic waste contains many recyclable non-ferrous metals, ferrous metals, glass and other substances. Strictly speaking, these e-waste should not be called e-waste, but e-waste. With the rapid development of the electronic industry, electronic waste pollution is inevitable in front of us. Electronic waste is hazardous and exploitable.
电子废弃物中含有大量可供回收利用的金属、玻璃及塑料等，电子废弃物具有相当高的回收利用价值，目前，世界上主要发达国家的再生资源回收总值已达到一年2500亿美元，并且以每年15％～20％的速度增长。目前，主要采用机械处理包括拆解、破碎、分选等处理过程对电子废弃物进行回收利用，破碎是一个必不可少的过程。Electronic waste contains a large amount of metal, glass and plastic that can be recycled. Electronic waste has a very high recycling value. At present, the total value of renewable resources recycled by major developed countries in the world has reached 250 billion US dollars a year. And grow at a rate of 15% to 20% per year. At present, mechanical processing including dismantling, crushing, sorting and other processing processes are mainly used to recycle electronic waste, and crushing is an indispensable process.
目前市面上的破碎机只要是利用机械力来破碎，方法有如下几种：压碎、劈碎、磨碎、冲击破碎等。机械方式破碎较适用于脆硬物料的破碎，目前已广泛用于矿山冶金行业物料处理工艺。但是对于片状电路板等电子废弃物，以上破碎方式并不适用。As long as the crushers currently on the market use mechanical force to crush, there are several methods: crushing, chopping, grinding, impact crushing, etc. Mechanical crushing is more suitable for the crushing of brittle and hard materials, and has been widely used in the material treatment process of the mining and metallurgical industry. However, for electronic waste such as chip circuit boards, the above shredding methods are not applicable.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对目前破碎机存在的不足，本发明提供了一种破碎效果好、破碎效率高以及运行稳定可靠的电子废弃物剪切破碎装置。Aiming at the deficiencies of current crushers, the invention provides an electronic waste shearing and crushing device with good crushing effect, high crushing efficiency and stable and reliable operation.
为实现上述目的，本发明采取如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention takes the following technical solutions:
一种电子废弃物剪切破碎装置，其特征在于：所述电子废弃物剪切破碎装置包括箱体、进料口、出料口、工作台、传送装置、一级破碎机构、二级破碎机构以及驱动装置；所述箱体顶部以及底部分别设置有进料口以及出料口；所述工作台设在箱体内部；所述传送装置以及一级破碎机构分别设置在工作台上；所述二级破碎机构以及驱动装置分别设置在工作台底部并置于箱体内部；待剪切破碎电子废弃物通过进料口后依次经由传送装置、一级破碎机构以及二级破碎机构后由出料口排出；所述驱动装置分别与传送装置以及二级破碎机构相连并分别驱动传送装置以及二级破碎机构进行作业。An electronic waste shearing and crushing device, characterized in that: the electronic waste shearing and crushing device includes a box body, a material inlet, a material outlet, a workbench, a transmission device, a primary crushing mechanism, and a secondary crushing mechanism and a driving device; the top and the bottom of the box are respectively provided with a feed port and a discharge port; the workbench is arranged inside the box; the conveying device and the primary crushing mechanism are respectively arranged on the workbench; The secondary crushing mechanism and the driving device are respectively arranged at the bottom of the workbench and placed inside the box; the electronic waste to be sheared and crushed passes through the feeding port and then passes through the conveying device, the primary crushing mechanism and the secondary crushing mechanism, and then is discharged outlet; the driving device is respectively connected with the conveying device and the secondary crushing mechanism and drives the conveying device and the secondary crushing mechanism to perform operations.
作为优选，本发明所采用的传送装置包括主动轮、从动轮以及设置在主动轮和从动轮上的皮带；所述主动轮以及从动轮设置在工作台上；所述驱动装置与主动轮相连并通过主动轮带动皮带运动；所述一级破碎机构设置在主动轮与从动轮连线的延伸段上；待剪切破碎电子废弃物通过进料口后经由皮带从主动轮方向传递至从动轮方向并最终到达一级破碎机构处。Preferably, the transmission device used in the present invention includes a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a belt arranged on the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged on the workbench; the driving device is connected with the driving wheel and Drive the belt to move through the driving wheel; the primary crushing mechanism is set on the extension section of the line connecting the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the electronic waste to be sheared and broken passes through the feeding port and is transmitted from the direction of the driving wheel to the direction of the driven wheel through the belt And finally reach the primary crushing mechanism.
作为优选，本发明所采用的传送装置还包括支撑台以及限位板；所述主动轮以及从动轮通过支撑台设置在工作台上；所述限位板罩在主动轮至从动轮方向的皮带上方。Preferably, the transmission device used in the present invention also includes a support platform and a limiting plate; the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged on the workbench through the supporting platform; the belt in the direction from the driving wheel to the driven wheel is covered by the limiting plate above.
作为优选，本发明所采用的主动轮与从动轮的连线与工作台所处水平线之间设置有夹角。Preferably, an included angle is set between the line connecting the driving wheel and the driven wheel used in the present invention and the horizontal line where the workbench is located.
作为优选，本发明所采用的一级破碎机构包括剪切箱、上部结构以及上部结构驱动件；所述上部结构驱动件设置在箱体内部并与上部结构相连；待剪切破碎电子废弃物通过进料口后经由传送装置落入剪切箱中；所述上部结构以及剪切箱中分别设置相互嵌套的对刃结构；所述上部结构驱动件驱动上部结构在剪切箱中往复运动。Preferably, the primary crushing mechanism adopted in the present invention includes a shearing box, an upper structure, and an upper structure driving member; the upper structure driving member is arranged inside the box body and connected with the upper structure; After the feeding port, it falls into the shearing box through the conveying device; the upper structure and the shearing box are respectively provided with mutually nested opposite blade structures; the driving part of the upper structure drives the upper structure to reciprocate in the shearing box.
作为优选，本发明所采用的上部结构上的对刃结构是铆钉板，所述剪切箱中的对刃结构是与铆钉板相互嵌套的横纵交错布置的网格结构，所述铆钉板上由多个铆钉组成，所述铆钉的截面呈倒梯形；所述网格结构由多个与铆钉相互嵌套的方孔组成；所述方孔的截面呈正梯形。Preferably, the facing edge structure on the upper structure adopted in the present invention is a rivet plate, and the facing edge structure in the shear box is a grid structure interlaced with the rivet plate, and the rivet plate The upper part is composed of a plurality of rivets, and the cross-section of the rivets is an inverted trapezoid; the grid structure is composed of a plurality of square holes nested with the rivets; the cross-section of the square holes is a regular trapezoid.
作为优选，本发明所采用的上部结构驱动件包括活塞轴、液压缸以及液压泵；所述液压泵通过液压缸以及活塞轴带动上部结构在剪切箱中往复运动。Preferably, the upper structure driving part adopted in the present invention includes a piston shaft, a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic pump; the hydraulic pump drives the upper structure to reciprocate in the shear box through the hydraulic cylinder and the piston shaft.
作为优选，本发明所采用的二级破碎机构包括转动辊、锥形箱体、转动辊轴以及偏心轮；所述驱动装置与转动辊轴相连并驱动转动辊轴转动；所述转动辊以及偏心轮自外而内依次套装在转动辊轴外部；所述锥形箱体设置在剪切箱的正下方；所述转动辊置于锥形箱体内部并与锥形箱体同轴；所述转动辊的外部螺旋状设置有破碎齿圈；所述出料口与锥形箱体的底部相贯通。Preferably, the secondary crushing mechanism used in the present invention includes a rotating roller, a conical box, a rotating roller shaft and an eccentric wheel; the driving device is connected with the rotating roller shaft and drives the rotating roller shaft to rotate; the rotating roller and the eccentric The wheels are sequentially set on the outside of the rotating roller shaft from the outside to the inside; the tapered box is arranged directly below the shear box; the rotating roller is placed inside the tapered box and coaxial with the tapered box; the A crushing ring gear is arranged spirally on the outside of the rotating roller; the discharge port communicates with the bottom of the conical box.
作为优选，本发明所采用的二级破碎机构还包括设置在锥形箱体内壁上并与破碎齿圈镶嵌套的螺旋状破碎齿。Preferably, the secondary crushing mechanism adopted in the present invention further includes spiral crushing teeth arranged on the inner wall of the conical box and nested with the crushing ring gear.
作为优选，本发明所采用的驱动装置包括电机、齿轮减速箱以及联轴器；所述电机通过齿轮减速箱与联轴器相连；所述联轴器分别与传送装置以及二级破碎机构相连。Preferably, the driving device used in the present invention includes a motor, a gear reduction box and a shaft coupling; the motor is connected to the shaft coupling through a gear reduction box; and the shaft coupling is respectively connected to the transmission device and the secondary crushing mechanism.
本发明的优点是：The advantages of the present invention are:
本发明提供了一种电子废弃物剪切破碎装置，包括箱体、进料口、出料口、工作台、传送装置、一级破碎机构、二级破碎机构以及驱动装置；箱体顶部以及底部分别设置有进料口以及出料口；工作台设在箱体内部；传送装置以及一级破碎机构分别设置在工作台上；二级破碎机构以及驱动装置分别设置在工作台底部并置于箱体内部；待剪切破碎电子废弃物通过进料口后依次经由传送装置、一级破碎机构以及二级破碎机构后由出料口排出；驱动装置分别与传送装置以及二级破碎机构相连并分别驱动传送装置以及二级破碎机构进行作业。本发明在箱体内设置有两级粉碎机构，加大电子废弃物的粉碎面积和粉碎量，通过传送装置将一级粉碎后的废弃物运输至二级粉碎机构，经过二级粉碎机构粉碎后的物料通过出料口后回收利用。以及粉碎机构能够将电子废弃物冲击剪切成为小方块，小方块通过剪切箱中的方形孔后落入二级粉碎机构，二级粉碎机构能够将小方块形状的电子废弃物重新剪切、破碎和挤压，将其破碎成为粒径更小的粉末。本发明具有结构简单、破碎效果好、破碎效率高、运行稳定可靠等优点。The invention provides a shearing and crushing device for electronic waste, which includes a box body, a material inlet, a material outlet, a workbench, a transmission device, a primary crushing mechanism, a secondary crushing mechanism, and a driving device; the top and bottom of the box body There are feed ports and discharge ports respectively; the working table is set inside the box body; the conveying device and the primary crushing mechanism are respectively set on the working table; the secondary crushing mechanism and the driving device are respectively set at the bottom of the working table and placed in the box. inside the body; the electronic waste to be sheared and broken passes through the feeding port and then passes through the conveying device, the primary crushing mechanism and the secondary crushing mechanism, and then is discharged from the discharge port; the driving device is connected with the conveying device and the secondary crushing mechanism respectively and Drive the transmission device and the secondary crushing mechanism to work. In the present invention, a two-stage crushing mechanism is provided in the box to increase the crushing area and crushing amount of electronic waste, and the waste after primary crushing is transported to the secondary crushing mechanism through a conveying device, and the waste crushed by the secondary crushing mechanism is The material is recycled after passing through the outlet. And the crushing mechanism can impact and cut the electronic waste into small squares, and the small squares fall into the secondary crushing mechanism after passing through the square hole in the shearing box, and the secondary crushing mechanism can re-cut the electronic waste in the shape of small squares, Crushed and squeezed to break it into powder with smaller particle size. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, good crushing effect, high crushing efficiency, stable and reliable operation and the like.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明所提供的电子废弃物剪切破碎装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electronic waste shearing and crushing device provided by the present invention;
图1中标记说明如下：The markings in Figure 1 are explained as follows:
1-箱体；2-进料口；3-皮带；4-主动轮；5-从动轮；6-限位板；7-支撑台；8-工作台；9-出料口；10-转动辊；11-锥形箱体；12-轴承座；13-转动辊轴；14-齿轮减速箱；15-电机；16-剪切箱；17-上部结构；18-活塞轴；19-液压缸；20-液压泵。1-box; 2-feed inlet; 3-belt; 4-drive wheel; 5-driven wheel; 6-limit plate; 7-support platform; Roller; 11-conical box; 12-bearing seat; 13-rotating roller shaft; 14-gear reduction box; 15-motor; 16-shear box; 17-upper structure; 18-piston shaft; 19-hydraulic cylinder ; 20 - hydraulic pump.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细说明，不详之处见发明内容部分。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and for details, see the Summary of the Invention.
参见图1，一种电子废弃物剪切破碎装置，包括箱体1、进料口2、出料口9、工作台8、传送装置、一级破碎机构、二级破碎机构以及驱动装置；箱体1顶部以及底部分别设置有进料口2以及出料口9；工作台8设在箱体1内部；传送装置以及一级破碎机构分别设置在工作台8上；二级破碎机构以及驱动装置分别设置在工作台8底部并置于箱体1内部；待剪切破碎电子废弃物通过进料口2后依次经由传送装置、一级破碎机构以及二级破碎机构后由出料口9排出；驱动装置分别与传送装置以及二级破碎机构相连并分别驱动传送装置以及二级破碎机构进行作业。本发明在箱体1内设置有两级粉碎机构，加大电子废弃物的粉碎面积和粉碎量，通过传送装置将一级粉碎后的废弃物运输至二级粉碎机构，经过二级粉碎机构粉碎后的物料通过出料口9后回收利用。以及粉碎机构能够将电子废弃物冲击剪切成为小方块，小方块通过剪切箱16中的方形孔后落入二级粉碎机构，二级粉碎机构能够将小方块形状的电子废弃物重新剪切、破碎和挤压，将其破碎成为粒径更小的粉末。Referring to Fig. 1, an electronic waste shearing and crushing device includes a box body 1, a material inlet 2, a material outlet 9, a workbench 8, a conveying device, a primary crushing mechanism, a secondary crushing mechanism, and a driving device; the box The top and bottom of the body 1 are respectively provided with a feed port 2 and a discharge port 9; the workbench 8 is set inside the box body 1; the transmission device and the primary crushing mechanism are respectively set on the worktable 8; the secondary crushing mechanism and the driving device They are respectively arranged at the bottom of the workbench 8 and placed inside the box body 1; the electronic waste to be cut and crushed passes through the feed port 2 and then passes through the conveying device, the primary crushing mechanism and the secondary crushing mechanism, and then is discharged from the discharge port 9; The driving device is respectively connected with the conveying device and the secondary crushing mechanism and respectively drives the conveying device and the secondary crushing mechanism to perform operations. In the present invention, a two-stage crushing mechanism is provided in the box body 1 to increase the crushing area and crushing amount of electronic waste, and transport the waste after the primary crushing to the secondary crushing mechanism through a conveying device, and then crush it through the secondary crushing mechanism. The final material is recycled after passing through the discharge port 9. And the crushing mechanism can impact and cut the electronic waste into small squares, and the small squares fall into the secondary crushing mechanism after passing through the square hole in the shear box 16, and the secondary crushing mechanism can re-cut the electronic waste in the shape of small squares , crushing and extrusion to break it into powder with smaller particle size.
其中：传送装置包括主动轮4、从动轮5以及设置在主动轮4和从动轮5上的皮带3；主动轮4以及从动轮5设置在工作台8上；驱动装置与主动轮4相连并通过主动轮4带动皮带3运动；一级破碎机构设置在主动轮4与从动轮5连线的延伸段上；待剪切破碎电子废弃物通过进料口2后经由皮带3从主动轮4方向传递至从动轮5方向并最终到达一级破碎机构处。Wherein: transmission device comprises driving wheel 4, driven wheel 5 and the belt 3 that is arranged on driving wheel 4 and driven wheel 5; Driving wheel 4 and driven wheel 5 are arranged on the workbench 8; Driving device is connected with driving wheel 4 and passes The driving wheel 4 drives the belt 3 to move; the primary crushing mechanism is set on the extension section of the line connecting the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5; the electronic waste to be cut and crushed passes through the feeding port 2 and then passes through the belt 3 from the direction of the driving wheel 4 To the direction of the driven wheel 5 and finally to the primary crushing mechanism.
传送装置还包括支撑台7以及限位板6；主动轮4以及从动轮5通过支撑台7设置在工作台8上；限位板6罩在主动轮4至从动轮5方向的皮带3上方。支撑台7是用来支撑整个传动装置，支撑台7是固定在工作台8上。The transmission device also includes a supporting platform 7 and a limiting plate 6; the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 are arranged on the workbench 8 through the supporting platform 7; the limiting plate 6 covers the belt 3 in the direction from the driving wheel 4 to the driven wheel 5. The support platform 7 is used to support the whole transmission device, and the support platform 7 is fixed on the workbench 8 .
限位板6的作用是将从进料口2的电路板能够平整的通过传送带落入剪切箱16中。The function of the limiting plate 6 is to drop the circuit board from the feed port 2 into the shear box 16 smoothly through the conveyor belt.
主动轮4与从动轮5的连线与工作台8所处水平线之间设置有夹角，设置夹角的作用在于：待剪切破碎电子废弃物可以在重力作用下，落入主动轮4以及从动轮5上的皮带3上，同时由于主动轮4以及从动轮5与工作台8存在一定的角度，在重力作用下，可以自动或者较为慢速的经由主动轮4向从动轮5传递。An included angle is set between the line connecting the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 and the horizontal line where the workbench 8 is located. The effect of setting the included angle is that electronic waste to be cut and broken can fall into the driving wheel 4 and the On the belt 3 on the driven wheel 5, because there is a certain angle between the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 and the workbench 8, under the action of gravity, it can be transmitted to the driven wheel 5 automatically or relatively slowly via the driving wheel 4.
一级破碎机构包括剪切箱16、上部结构17以及上部结构驱动件；上部结构驱动件设置在箱体1内部并与上部结构17相连；待剪切破碎电子废弃物通过进料口2后经由传送装置落入剪切箱16中；上部结构17以及剪切箱16中分别设置相互嵌套的对刃结构；上部结构驱动件驱动上部结构17在剪切箱16中往复运动，上部结构17在驱动装置的作用下上下活动，与剪切箱16中的对刃结构对电子废弃物进行反复冲击和剪切，直至破碎物通过对刃结构的方形孔落入二级破碎机构。The primary crushing mechanism includes a shear box 16, an upper structure 17, and an upper structure driving member; the upper structure driving member is arranged inside the box body 1 and connected with the upper structure 17; The transfer device falls into the shear box 16; the upper structure 17 and the shear box 16 are respectively provided with mutually nested opposite blade structures; the upper structure driver drives the upper structure 17 to reciprocate in the shear box 16, and the upper structure 17 is Under the action of the driving device, it moves up and down, repeatedly impacts and shears the electronic waste with the counter-blade structure in the shear box 16, until the broken material falls into the secondary crushing mechanism through the square hole of the counter-blade structure.
上部结构17上的对刃结构是铆钉板，剪切箱16中的对刃结构是与铆钉板相互嵌套的横纵交错布置的网格结构，铆钉板上由多个铆钉组成，铆钉的截面呈倒梯形；网格结构由多个与铆钉相互嵌套的方孔组成；方孔的截面呈正梯形。。The counter-blade structure on the superstructure 17 is a rivet plate, and the counter-blade structure in the shear box 16 is a criss-cross grid structure nested with the rivet plate. The rivet plate is composed of multiple rivets, and the cross-section of the rivet It is an inverted trapezoid; the grid structure is composed of multiple square holes nested with rivets; the cross-section of the square holes is a positive trapezoid. .
上部结构驱动件包括活塞轴18、液压缸19以及液压泵20；液压泵20通过液压缸19以及活塞轴18带动上部结构17在剪切箱16中往复运动。The upper structure driving part includes a piston shaft 18 , a hydraulic cylinder 19 and a hydraulic pump 20 ; the hydraulic pump 20 drives the upper structure 17 to reciprocate in the shear box 16 through the hydraulic cylinder 19 and the piston shaft 18 .
二级破碎机构包括转动辊10、锥形箱体11、转动辊轴13以及偏心轮；驱动装置与转动辊轴13相连并驱动转动辊轴13转动；转动辊10以及偏心轮自外而内依次套装在转动辊轴13外部；锥形箱体11设置在剪切箱16的正下方；转动辊10置于锥形箱体11内部并与锥形箱体11同轴；转动辊10的外部螺旋状设置有破碎齿圈；出料口9与锥形箱体11的底部相贯通。The secondary crushing mechanism includes a rotating roller 10, a conical box 11, a rotating roller shaft 13 and an eccentric wheel; the driving device is connected with the rotating roller shaft 13 and drives the rotating roller shaft 13 to rotate; the rotating roller 10 and the eccentric wheel are sequentially Set on the outside of the rotating roller shaft 13; the tapered box 11 is arranged directly below the shear box 16; the rotating roller 10 is placed inside the tapered box 11 and coaxial with the tapered box 11; the outer spiral of the rotating roller 10 The shape is provided with a crushing ring gear; the discharge port 9 communicates with the bottom of the conical box 11.
二级破碎机构还包括设置在锥形箱体11内壁上并与破碎齿圈镶嵌套的螺旋状破碎齿。二级破碎机构的转动辊10围绕转动辊轴13顺时针转动，转动辊10表面上布置破碎齿圈，破碎齿圈是螺旋状布置在转动辊10上。二级破碎机构的锥形箱体11内侧有围绕箱体1的螺旋状破碎齿，与转动辊10表面上的破碎齿嵌套，对电子废弃物进行剪切破碎。从一级破碎机构剪切箱16底落下的电子废弃物再次落入到二级破碎机构中的锥形箱体11中，转动辊10表面上布置的破碎齿与锥形箱体11上的破碎齿通过转动辊10的偏心运行而相切或者离开，反复的对电子废弃物进行剪切破碎。转动辊轴13的输出端与齿轮减速箱14的输出轴通过联轴器连接在一起，齿轮减速箱14的输出轴的另一端与电机15相连，电机15通过支架固定在箱体1的底部，转动辊轴13的另一端固定在轴承座12中，轴承座12固定箱体1的一侧。经过传动装置、一级破碎机构和二级剪切破碎机构后的电子废弃物通过出料口9落入回收装置以供回收利用。The secondary crushing mechanism also includes helical crushing teeth arranged on the inner wall of the conical box 11 and nested with the crushing ring gear. The rotating roller 10 of the secondary crushing mechanism rotates clockwise around the rotating roller shaft 13, and the crushing ring gear is arranged on the surface of the rotating roller 10, and the crushing ring gear is arranged on the rotating roller 10 in a spiral shape. The inner side of the conical box 11 of the secondary crushing mechanism has helical crushing teeth surrounding the box 1 , which are nested with the crushing teeth on the surface of the rotating roller 10 to shear and crush electronic waste. The electronic waste falling from the bottom of the shear box 16 of the primary crushing mechanism falls into the conical box 11 of the secondary crushing mechanism again, and the crushing teeth arranged on the surface of the rotating roller 10 and the crushing teeth on the conical box 11 The teeth are tangent or separated by the eccentric operation of the rotating roller 10, and the electronic waste is repeatedly sheared and broken. The output end of the rotating roller shaft 13 is connected with the output shaft of the gear reduction box 14 through a coupling, and the other end of the output shaft of the gear reduction box 14 is connected with the motor 15, and the motor 15 is fixed on the bottom of the casing 1 by a bracket. The other end of the rotating roller shaft 13 is fixed in the bearing seat 12, and the bearing seat 12 fixes one side of the casing 1. Electronic waste after passing through the transmission device, the primary crushing mechanism and the secondary shearing and crushing mechanism falls into the recovery device through the discharge port 9 for recycling.
驱动装置包括电机15、齿轮减速箱14以及联轴器；电机15通过齿轮减速箱14与联轴器相连；联轴器分别与传送装置以及二级破碎机构相连。The driving device includes a motor 15, a gear reduction box 14 and a shaft coupling; the motor 15 is connected with the shaft coupling through the gear reduction box 14; the shaft coupling is respectively connected with the transmission device and the secondary crushing mechanism.
实施例1：Example 1:
将废旧电路板从进料口2倒入并通过配套传送装置送至剪切箱中16，电子废弃物落入剪切箱16中，上部结构17在驱动装置的作用下向下运动，电子废弃物在上部结构17和剪切箱中16的对刃结构的反复冲击剪切作用下破碎，剪碎的碎片通过剪切箱底16对刃结构的方形孔并落入锥形箱体11中，转动辊10在驱动装置的作用做围绕转动辊轴13顺时针转动的偏心运动，转动辊10上的破碎齿与锥形箱体11的破碎齿不断反复的进行相切和分离，对落入锥形箱11中的电子废弃物不断的剪切、破碎和挤压，电子废弃物直到被剪切破碎的一定粒径后通过锥形箱底部的孔落入出料口9进行回收利用。Pour the waste circuit boards from the feed port 2 and send them to the shear box 16 through the supporting conveying device. The electronic waste falls into the shear box 16, and the upper structure 17 moves downward under the action of the driving device, and the electronic waste The objects are crushed under the repeated impact and shear action of the counter-blade structure 16 in the upper structure 17 and the shear box, and the shredded fragments pass through the square hole of the counter-blade structure at the bottom of the shear box 16 and fall into the conical box 11. The roller 10 acts as a driving device to perform an eccentric motion that rotates clockwise around the rotating roller shaft 13. The crushing teeth on the rotating roller 10 and the crushing teeth of the conical box 11 are repeatedly tangent and separated. The electronic waste in the box 11 is continuously sheared, crushed and extruded, and the electronic waste falls into the discharge port 9 through the hole at the bottom of the conical box after being cut to a certain particle size for recycling.
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