JPH08168685A - Crushing and sorting device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a crushing and sorting device which prevents the production of noises and dusts in waste crushing and sorting operations and can sort out the crushed pieces in various kinds. CONSTITUTION: This crushing and sorting device for crushing the waste X consisting of a plurality of kinds of materials and for sorting out the crushed pieces comprises a processing platen 31 provided in a processing tank 20 for holding a liquid W and having a first discharge opening 32 for passing therethrough the material Xh to be crushed greater in specific gravity than the liquid W and crushing blades 42 provided above the processing platen 31 for crushing the material X on the lower side. It further comprises a pressing platen 41 having a second discharge opening 43 for passing therethrough the material Xl smaller in specific gravity than the liquid W and a pressing platen driving device 46 for moving the pressing platen 41 rotatably and reciprocally to thereby crush the waste X with the crushing blade 42.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crushing / sorting apparatus for crushing wastes such as home electric appliances and sorting each member, and particularly to a device for reducing noise and dust generated during the crushing / sorting.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste such as home electric appliances has been crushed,
For example, crushing to select each member such as metal and non-metal etc.
Sorting equipment is used. As such a crushing / sorting device, for example, to reuse or detoxify the constituent members of the waste home electric appliances described in Japanese Patent Application No. 3-314802, it is crushed, crushed, separated, and easily collected. "Crushing equipment for abandoned home appliances" and the like for doing so are known. As shown in FIG. 8, this device has a receiving chute 1, a coarse crusher 2, an impact crusher 3, an air flow sorter 4, a fine crusher 5, a carry-out conveyor 6, discharge chutes 7, 8, 10, an air inlet 9, It is composed of a duct 11. In addition, 12 in the figure indicates the discharged matter.

[0003] In this apparatus, the waste electric home appliances are roughly crushed into about 150 mm square by the coarse crusher 2, and then the plastic adhering to the metal and the entanglement of the metal members are crushed by the impact crusher 3, and thereafter. The dispersed urethane foam is air-flow sorted by an air-flow sorter 4, and the remaining members are crushed by a fine crusher 5
It is crushed into square millimeters, making it easier to disperse each component.
I tried to dispose of it in the next process.

[0004]

The crushing / sorting device for carrying out the above crushing / sorting method has the following problems. That is, since the crushing and selecting work is performed in the atmosphere, there is a possibility that a large amount of noise or dust is generated during this work and the environment is harmed.

Further, in the air flow selection, only urethane, a member having a weight equal to that of urethane, and other metals can be selected. Therefore, the present invention provides a crushing / sorting apparatus and a crushing / sorting method capable of performing waste crushing and sorting work without generating noise and dust and capable of sorting many types of members. Is intended.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, according to the invention described in claim 1,
A crushing / sorting device having the following configuration, which crushes waste consisting of a plurality of types of members and sorts the crushed crushed material. That is, (a) a cylindrical processing tank that stores a liquid.

(B) A lower platen which is provided in the middle of the processing tank and has a first outlet for passing a crushed material having a higher specific gravity than the liquid among the crushed materials. (C) A crushed product that is provided so as to be relatively movable upward and backward relative to the lower surface plate, has a crushing blade for crushing the waste on the lower surface side, and has a specific gravity smaller than that of the liquid among the crushed products. An upper surface plate having a second sweeping port for passing through.

(D) By rotating the upper platen and moving the upper platen forward and backward relative to the lower platen, the upper platen and the lower platen allow the liquid to enter the liquid. Upper platen driving means for crushing the waste by the crushing blade while pressing the supplied waste.
I decided to do it.

According to the invention described in claim 2, in the invention described in claim 1, the crushed material which is provided at the bottom of the processing tank and which has passed through the first sweeping port of the lower platen is received. It is preferable that an electromagnet platen that is magnetically magnetized and demagnetized is provided.

According to the invention described in claim 3, in the invention described in claim 2, the electromagnet plate is rotationally driven by the electromagnet plate driving means, and the electromagnet plate is generated by the centrifugal force generated at this time. It is preferable that the crushed material loaded on the board is scattered and deposited on the bottom of the processing tank.

According to the invention described in claim 4, in the invention described in claim 1, the first part is provided at the bottom of the processing tank.
It is preferable that a first waste port is provided for discharging the crushed material that has passed through the sweeping port.

According to the invention described in claim 5, in the invention described in claim 1, the upper side wall of the processing tank is
It is preferable that a second waste port is provided for discharging the crushed material that has passed through the second sweep port and floated above the liquid surface.

According to the invention described in claim 6, in the invention described in claim 1, it is preferable that the invention further comprises a waste supply means for supplying waste into the liquid. According to the invention described in claim 7, there is provided a crushing / selecting method which has the following configuration and crushes the waste consisting of a plurality of types of members and selects the crushed crushed material. That is,
(A) a crushing step of crushing the waste in a liquid;
(B) A specific gravity selection step of selecting the crushed material crushed in the crushing step based on the difference in specific gravity with respect to the liquid.

According to the invention described in claim 8, in the invention described in claim 7, the crushed material having a larger specific gravity than the liquid selected in the specific gravity selecting step and falling in the liquid is magnetically It is preferable to include a magnetic sorting step for sorting.

According to the invention described in claim 9, in the invention described in claim 7 or 8, a crushed material having a smaller specific gravity than the liquid selected in the specific gravity selection step and floating in the liquid is obtained. It is preferable to provide a crushed material discharging step for discharging.

According to the invention described in claim 10, in the invention described in claim 8, in the magnetic sorting step, the crushed material dropped in the liquid is loaded on a magnetized and demagnetizable electromagnet surface plate. A crushed material loading step, and a first magnetic sorting step in which the electromagnet surface plate is magnetized and rotated, and the crushed material not magnetically adsorbed on the electromagnet surface plate is scattered by centrifugal force and then collected. The electromagnet surface plate carrying the crushed material magnetically adsorbed in the first magnetic sorting step is demagnetized and rotated to centrifuge the crushed material magnetically attracted in the first magnetic sorting step. It is preferable to include a second magnetic sorting step of recovering after being scattered by.

According to the invention described in claim 11, in the invention described in claim 7 or 8, it is preferable that the specific gravity selection step is performed in a plurality of kinds of liquids having different specific gravities.

[0018]

As a result of taking the above-mentioned means, the following effects occur. That is, according to the invention described in claim 1, the waste sandwiched between the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate is crushed by the crushing blade of the upper surface plate. Of the crushed waste, the crushed material with a larger specific gravity than the liquid is sunk from the first discharge port of the lower surface plate to the bottom side of the processing tank, and the crushed material with a smaller specific gravity than the liquid is discharged from the second discharge port of the upper surface plate. By levitation to the liquid surface side of the liquid, the crushed waste can be sorted.
Further, since the waste material is crushed into a predetermined size in the liquid stored in the processing tank, it is possible to minimize the generation of noise and dust due to the crushing.

According to the invention described in claim 2, of the crushed materials having a larger specific gravity than the liquid, those having magnetism can be magnetically adsorbed by the electromagnet platen. According to the invention described in claim 3, by rotating and driving the electromagnet platen, the non-adsorbed crushed material loaded on the electromagnet platen is scattered by centrifugal force and deposited on the bottom of the processing tank. You can

According to the invention described in claim 4, the crushed material accumulated on the bottom of the processing tank can be discharged. According to the invention described in claim 5, the crushed material floating on the liquid surface of the liquid can be discharged.

According to the invention described in claim 6, waste can be supplied into the liquid. According to the invention described in claim 7, among the crushed waste, the crushed material having a larger specific gravity than the liquid is sunk, and the crushed material having a smaller specific gravity than the liquid is floated, thereby crushing the crushed waste. Can be sorted. Further, since the waste is crushed in the liquid, it is possible to minimize the generation of noise and dust due to the crush.

According to the invention described in claim 8, it is possible to magnetically select the crushed material having a larger specific gravity than the liquid and dropping in the liquid. According to the invention described in claim 9, it is possible to discharge the crushed material having a smaller specific gravity than the liquid and floating in the liquid.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, among the crushed substances having a larger specific gravity than the liquid, those having magnetism are adsorbed to the electromagnet platen, and those not having magnetism are scattered by the centrifugal force. -It is possible to sort by collecting and then collecting the one having magnetism by scattering and collecting by centrifugal force without adsorbing it on the electromagnet platen.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the wastes are crushed in a plurality of types of liquids having different specific gravities, so that a plurality of types of crushed substances can be selected according to the specific gravities of the liquids. Becomes

[0025]

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a crushing / sorting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes a processing tank formed in a cylindrical shape with a bottom, in which water W is stored. Further, in the figure, 30 is a processing section, 40 is a crushing section, and 50 is a magnetic force sorting section. In the figure, X indicates a waste containing plastic, metal and the like.

A first disposal port 21 is formed on the side surface of the upper end of the processing tank 20 in the drawing, and the first disposal port 21 can be opened and closed by a damper (not shown).
The second is also opened and closed by a damper not shown in FIG.
A waste port 23 is provided.

The processing section 30 is a processing surface plate 3 as a lower surface plate.
1 and the processing surface plate 31 is the inner wall surface 2 of the processing tank 20.
The outer edge is fixed to 0a. The processing surface plate 31 is formed in a dish shape with the inner side positioned lower than the outer side, and is provided with a large number of discharge ports 32 having a diameter of a predetermined size that communicates the bottom surface 31a with the bottom surface 31b. . The diameter of the discharge port 32 is a reprocessing device (not shown) used after the members are sorted by this device.
It is decided based on the size of the member required in.

The crushing section 40 is provided with a pressing surface plate 41 as an upper surface plate formed in a dish shape. The lower surface 41a of the pressing surface plate 41 has a shape corresponding to the upper surface 31a of the processing surface plate 31, and a plurality of crushing blades 42 are formed. Further, the pressing surface plate 41 is formed with a sweeping port 43 having the same diameter as the sweeping port 32 described above.
On the other hand, one end of the power shaft 44 is attached to the upper surface 41b of the pressing surface plate 41. Incidentally, reference numeral 45 in the figure denotes a flexible joint that connects the pressing surface plate 41 and the power shaft 44 in a swingable manner. The other end of the power shaft 44 is connected to a pressing surface plate drive device 46 that drives the pressing surface plate 41 slidably in the direction of arrow A in the drawing and also drives it to rotate freely in the direction of arrow R in the drawing.

The magnetic force selection section 50 includes an electromagnet platen 51 which is formed in a disc shape and has an electromagnet 50a built therein. The electromagnet surface plate 51 is provided below the processing surface plate 31 so as to face it. Further, one end of a power shaft 52 is attached to the lower surface 51b of the electromagnet surface plate 51, and the other end of the power shaft 52 is an electromagnet surface plate drive device 53 for rotationally driving the electromagnet surface plate 51 in the direction of arrow R in the figure. It is connected to the. Further, electric current is supplied to the electromagnet 50 a of the electromagnet platen 51 from the power supply circuit 54.

Reference numeral 60 denotes a transfer device for supplying the waste X onto the upper surface 31a of the processing surface plate 31. The crushing / sorting device thus configured performs crushing / sorting as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (d). That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, the waste X is supplied to the upper surface 31 a of the processing surface plate 31 by the transfer device 60. Next, the pressing surface plate driving device 46 is operated to rotate the pressing surface plate 41 in the direction of arrow R in the figure as shown in FIG. Lower surface 41 of
The a is pressed against the waste X on the upper surface 31a of the processing surface plate 31 with a predetermined pressing force. As a result, this pressing surface plate 4
The waste X is crushed by the crushing blade 42 of No. 1. In addition,
Since the pressing surface plate 41 is swingably connected to the power shaft 44 through the flexible joint 45, the posture can be changed according to the shape of the waste X, and the crushing work can be performed efficiently. You can

When the waste X is crushed to a predetermined size, that is, a size that allows the wastes 32 and 43 to pass through,
As shown in FIG. 2C, the waste X of a member having a smaller specific gravity than the water W in the waste X, such as polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.92, vinyl chloride having a specific gravity of 0.983, and a resin material, is pressed onto a surface plate. It floats up to the liquid surface of the water W through the outlet 43 of 41. These wastes Xl are the first waste port 2
Collect from 1.

On the other hand, the waste X of a member having a specific gravity higher than that of the water W
h, for example, a polycarbonate with a specific gravity of 1.2, a specific gravity of 1.4
The polyvinyl chloride, the metal, etc. of (1) sinks through the discharge port 32 of the processing surface plate 31 and is deposited on the electromagnet surface plate 51.

Next, the feeding circuit 54 operates the electromagnet 50a of the electromagnet platen 51 to adsorb the magnetic substance Xα such as iron in the waste Xh deposited on the electromagnet platen 51. Further, by operating the electromagnet platen drive device 53, the electromagnet platen 51 is rotated in the direction of arrow R in the figure as shown in FIG.
Among them, the substance Xβ having no magnetism is spun off to the outside of the electromagnet platen 51 by the centrifugal force. The substance Xβ having no magnetism that has been shaken off is deposited on the bottom portion 22 of the processing tank 20. The substance Xβ having no magnetism is recovered from the second waste port 23.

Finally, the power feeding circuit 54 is used to set the electromagnet base plate 51.
The operation of the electromagnet 50a is stopped and the magnetized platen 51 is rotated to deposit a substance having magnetism on the bottom portion 22 of the processing tank 20. The magnetic substance Xα is collected from the second waste port 23.

As described above, in the crushing / sorting apparatus of this embodiment, since the waste is crushed in the working fluid tank, noise and dust generated during the work can be suppressed. Further, the member Xl of a member having a smaller specific gravity than the water W, the substance Xβ having no magnetism among the members having a larger specific gravity than the water W, and the water W
Of the members with greater specific gravity, the magnetic substance Xα 3
It is possible to select the type with a single device. In addition,
By storing liquids having different specific gravities instead of the water W, it is possible to change the members to be selected by utilizing the specific gravities.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a crushing / sorting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the same functional parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. Therefore, detailed description of the overlapping portions will be omitted.

The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned first embodiment is that instead of water W in the processing tank 20, water W and a specific gravity of 1.2.
6 is a point in which glycerin G and 6 are contained. The crushing / sorting apparatus of this embodiment performs crushing / sorting as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (d). That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, the waste X is supplied to the upper surface 31 a of the processing surface plate 31 by the transfer device 60. Next, the pressing platen drive device 46 is operated to move the pressing platen 4 as shown in FIG.
1 is rotated in the direction of arrow R in the figure, the pressing surface plate 41 is moved to the processing surface plate 31 side, and the lower surface 41a of the pressing surface plate 41 is added to the waste X on the upper surface 31a of the processing surface plate 31 by a predetermined amount. Press with pressure. The waste X is crushed by the crushing blade 42 of the pressing surface plate 41.

When the waste X is crushed to a predetermined size, that is, a size that allows the wastes 32 and 43 to pass through,
As shown in FIG. 4C, glycerin G in the waste X
The waste of a member having a smaller specific gravity is pushed up and floats up through the discharge port 43 of the surface plate 41. At this time, the waste Xn having a specific gravity smaller than that of glycerin G but larger than that of water W, for example, a polycarbonate having a specific gravity of 1.2 floats up to the boundary surface between water W and glycerin G. Further, the waste Xm of a member having a smaller specific gravity than the water W, for example, a specific gravity of 0.
92 polyethylene and vinyl chloride with a specific gravity of 0.983 float up to the surface of the water W. Waste Xm is the first waste port 2
Collect from 1.

On the other hand, the waste Xi, which is a member having a specific gravity larger than that of glycerin G, such as polycarbonate having a specific gravity of 1.2, polyvinyl chloride having a specific gravity of 1.4, metal, etc., sinks through the discharge port 32 of the processing surface plate 31. , Is deposited on the electromagnet platen 51.

Next, the power supply circuit 54 operates the electromagnet 50a of the electromagnet platen 51 to adsorb a magnetic substance such as iron in the waste Xγ deposited on the electromagnet platen 51.
Further, by operating the electromagnet platen driving device 53, the electromagnet platen 51 is rotated as shown in FIG. 4D, and the non-magnetic substance Xδ in the waste Xi of the electromagnet platen 51 is removed. It is spun to the outside of the electromagnet platen 51 by the centrifugal force. The substance Xδ having no magnetism that has been shaken off is deposited on the bottom portion 22 of the processing tank 20. The substance Xδ having no magnetism is collected from the second waste port 23.

Finally, the feeding circuit 54 is used to set the electromagnet base 51.
The operation of the electromagnet 50a is stopped and the magnetic substance Xγ is deposited on the bottom portion 22 of the processing tank 20 by the rotation of the electromagnet plate 51. The magnetic substance Xγ is collected from the second waste port 23.

As described above, in the crushing / sorting apparatus of this embodiment, since the waste is crushed in the machining fluid tank, noise and dust generated during the work can be suppressed. Further, since it is possible to select the polycarbonate and the polyvinyl chloride, it is possible to increase the kinds of members that can be selected. Therefore, in this apparatus, the member Xm having a smaller specific gravity than the water W, the member Xn having a smaller specific gravity than the glycerin G, and the glycerin G having a larger specific gravity than the water W are used.
A material Xδ which has no magnetism among members having a larger specific gravity,
It is possible to select four types of substances Xγ having magnetism out of members having a larger specific gravity than glycerin G with a single device. By storing liquids having different specific gravities instead of water W and glycerin G, it is possible to change the members to be selected by utilizing the specific gravities. That is, linseed oil having a specific gravity of 0.025 to 0.93 or a specific gravity of 2.24 depending on the member to be selected.
By using the aqueous calcium hydroxide solution, it is possible to sort polyethylene and vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride and resin having a larger specific gravity. Also,
The number of liquids stored in the processing tank 20 is not limited to two, and more types of liquids can be sorted by storing three or more types of liquids. Note that FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship of the specific gravity between the liquid and each member.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a crushing / sorting apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the same functional parts as those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals. Therefore, detailed description of the overlapping portions will be omitted.

The difference of this embodiment from the second embodiment is that an electromagnet base plate is not provided. That is, in the present embodiment, the electromagnet platen is not used to select the magnetic substance from the non-magnetic substance. The crushing / sorting apparatus of this embodiment performs crushing / sorting as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) to 7 (c). That is, as shown in FIG. 7A, the waste X is supplied to the upper surface 31 a of the processing surface plate 31 by the transfer device 60. Next, the pressing surface plate drive device 46 is operated,
As shown in FIG. 7B, the pressing surface plate 41 is rotated in the direction of the arrow R in the figure, and the pressing surface plate 41 is moved to the processing surface plate 31 side, and the lower surface 41a of the pressing surface plate 41 is processed. The waste material X on the upper surface 31a of 31 is pressed with a predetermined pressing force. The waste X is crushed by the crushing blade 42 of the pressing surface plate 41.

When the waste X is crushed to a predetermined size, that is, a size that allows the wastes 32 and 43 to pass through,
As shown in FIG. 7C, glycerin G in the waste X
The waste of a member having a smaller specific gravity is pushed up and floats up through the discharge port 43 of the surface plate 41. At this time, the waste Xn having a specific gravity smaller than that of glycerin G but larger than that of water W, for example, a polycarbonate having a specific gravity of 1.2 floats up to the boundary surface between water W and glycerin G. Further, the waste Xm of a member having a smaller specific gravity than the water W, for example, a specific gravity of 0.
92 polyethylene and vinyl chloride with a specific gravity of 0.983 float up to the surface of the water W. Waste Xm is the first waste port 2
Collect from 1.

On the other hand, the waste Xi, which is a member having a specific gravity higher than that of glycerin G, such as polycarbonate having a specific gravity of 1.2, polyvinyl chloride having a specific gravity of 1.4, metal, etc., sinks through the discharge port 32 of the processing surface plate 31. , Is deposited on the bottom 22 of the processing tank 20. The waste Xi is collected from the second waste port 23.

As described above, in the crushing / sorting apparatus of this embodiment, since the waste is crushed in the working liquid tank, noise and dust generated during the work can be suppressed. Further, since it is possible to select the polycarbonate and the polyvinyl chloride, it is possible to increase the kinds of members that can be selected. Therefore, in this apparatus, the member Xm having a smaller specific gravity than the water W, the member Xn having a smaller specific gravity than the glycerin G, and the glycerin G having a larger specific gravity than the water W are used.
It is possible to select three types of members Xi having a larger specific gravity with a single device. By storing liquids having different specific gravities instead of water W and glycerin G, it is possible to change the members to be selected by utilizing the specific gravities. That is, by using linseed oil having a specific gravity of 0.025 to 0.93 or an aqueous calcium hydroxide solution having a specific gravity of 2.24 depending on the member to be selected, it is possible to separate polyethylene and vinyl chloride or to further increase polyvinyl chloride and specific gravity. It is possible to sort with a large resin. Further, the number of liquids stored in the processing tank 20 is not limited to two, and more types of selection can be performed by storing three or more types of liquids.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the upper surface plate (corresponding to the pressing surface plate 41) is fixed, and the lower surface plate (processing surface plate 3).
(Corresponding to 1) may be moved forward with respect to the upper platen, and the waste X may be pressed together with the upper platen.

[0049]

According to the invention described in claim 1, the waste sandwiched between the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate is crushed by the crushing blade of the upper surface plate. Of the crushed waste, the crushed material with a larger specific gravity than the liquid is sunk from the first discharge port of the lower surface plate to the bottom side of the processing tank, and the crushed material with a smaller specific gravity than the liquid is discharged from the second discharge port of the upper surface plate. By levitation to the liquid surface side of the liquid, the crushed waste can be sorted.
Further, since the waste material is crushed into a predetermined size in the liquid stored in the processing tank, it is possible to minimize the generation of noise and dust due to the crushing.

According to the invention described in claim 2, of the crushed materials having a larger specific gravity than the liquid, those having magnetism can be magnetically adsorbed by the electromagnet platen. According to the invention described in claim 3, by rotating and driving the electromagnet platen, the non-adsorbed crushed material loaded on the electromagnet platen is scattered by centrifugal force and deposited on the bottom of the processing tank. You can

According to the invention described in claim 4, the crushed material accumulated on the bottom of the processing tank can be discharged. According to the invention described in claim 5, the crushed material floating on the liquid surface of the liquid can be discharged.

According to the invention described in claim 6, waste can be supplied into the liquid. According to the invention described in claim 7, among the crushed waste, the crushed material having a larger specific gravity than the liquid is sunk, and the crushed material having a smaller specific gravity than the liquid is floated, thereby crushing the crushed waste. Can be sorted. Further, since the waste is crushed in the liquid, it is possible to minimize the generation of noise and dust due to the crush.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to magnetically select the crushed material that has a larger specific gravity than the liquid and drops in the liquid. According to the invention described in claim 9, it is possible to discharge the crushed material having a smaller specific gravity than the liquid and floating in the liquid.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, among the crushed materials having a larger specific gravity than the liquid, those having magnetism are adsorbed to the electromagnet platen, and those having no magnetism are scattered by the centrifugal force. -It is possible to sort by collecting and then collecting the one having magnetism by scattering and collecting by centrifugal force without adsorbing it on the electromagnet platen.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the waste is crushed in a plurality of types of liquids having different specific gravities, so that a plurality of types of crushed substances can be selected according to the specific gravities of the liquids. Becomes

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a crushing / sorting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a process of crushing / sorting in the apparatus, (a) is a process of supplying waste, (b) is a process of crushing waste, and (c) is a process of sorting waste. Process,
(D) is a step of magnetically sorting the waste.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing a crushing / sorting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a process of crushing / sorting in the apparatus, where (a) is a process of supplying waste, (b) is a process of crushing waste, and (c) is sorting of waste. Process,
(D) is a step of magnetically sorting the waste.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the relationship of the specific gravity between the liquid contained in the processing tank of the same apparatus and the waste sorted by this liquid.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing a crushing / sorting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a process of crushing and selecting in the apparatus, (a) is a process of supplying waste, (b) is a process of crushing waste, and (c) is a process of selecting waste. The process of doing.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional crushing / sorting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 ... Processing tank 21 ... 1st waste port 22 ... Bottom 23 ... 2nd waste port 30 ... Processing part 31 ... Processing surface plate (lower surface plate) 32 ... Sweeping opening 40 ... Crushing part 41 ... Press surface plate (upper surface plate 42 ... Crushing blade 43 ... Sweeping opening 44 ... Power shaft 45 ... Flexible joint 46 ... Press surface plate drive device 50 ... Magnetic force selection unit 50a ... Electromagnet 51 ... Electromagnet surface plate 52 ... Power shaft 53 ... Electromagnet surface plate drive device 54 ... Feeding circuit 60 ... Conveyor W ... Water G ... Glycerin X ... Waste

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display area B09B 5/00

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A crushing / sorting device having the following configuration, which crushes waste consisting of plural kinds of members and sorts the crushed crushed products. (A) A cylindrical processing tank that stores liquid. (B) First provided in the middle part of the processing tank to pass a crushed material having a specific gravity larger than that of the liquid among the crushed materials
A lower surface plate with a sweep outlet. (C) A crushed product that is provided so as to be relatively movable upward and backward relative to the lower surface plate, has a crushing blade for crushing the waste on the lower surface side, and has a specific gravity smaller than that of the liquid among the crushed products. An upper surface plate having a second sweeping port for passing through. (D) The upper platen is driven to rotate and the upper platen is driven forward and backward relative to the lower platen so that the liquid is supplied to the liquid by the upper platen and the lower platen. Upper platen driving means for crushing the waste by the crushing blade while compressing the existing waste. 2. An electromagnet platen which is provided at the bottom of the processing tank and receives and loads the crushed material which has passed through the first sweeping port of the lower platen and which is magnetically magnetized and demagnetizable. The crushing / sorting device according to claim 1, wherein 3. The electromagnet platen is rotatably driven by an electromagnet platen driving means, and the centrifugal force generated at this time scatters the crushed material loaded on the electromagnet platen and deposits it on the bottom of the processing tank. The crushing / sorting device according to claim 2. 4. The crushing / sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the processing tank bottom is provided with a first waste port for discharging the crushed material that has passed through the first sweeping port. 5. A second waste port for discharging the crushed material that has passed through the second sweep port and floated above the liquid surface is provided on the upper side wall of the processing tank. Crushing / sorting device described. 6. The crushing / sorting device according to claim 1, further comprising waste supply means for supplying waste into the liquid. 7. A crushing / sorting method having the following structure, which crushes waste consisting of a plurality of types of members and sorts the crushed crushed products. (A) a crushing step of crushing the waste in a liquid, and (b) a specific gravity selecting step of selecting the crushed material crushed in the crushing step based on the difference in specific gravity with respect to the liquid. 8. A magnetic sorting step of magnetically sorting a crushed material having a specific gravity larger than that of the liquid sorted in the specific gravity sorting step and dropping in the liquid.
Crushing and sorting method described. 9. The crushed material discharging step of discharging a crushed material having a smaller specific gravity than the liquid selected in the specific gravity selecting step and floating in the liquid, according to claim 7 or 8. Crushing and sorting method. 10. The magnetic sorting step comprises a crushed material loading step of loading a crushed material dropped in a liquid on a magnetizable and demagnetizable electromagnet surface plate, and magnetizing and rotating the electromagnet surface plate. In the first magnetic sorting step in which the crushed material not adsorbed on the electromagnet plate is scattered by centrifugal force and then collected, and the crushed material magnetically adsorbed in the first magnetic sorting step is loaded. A second magnetic sorting step of demagnetizing and rotating the electromagnet surface plate that is present, scattering the crushed material magnetically adsorbed in the first magnetic sorting step by centrifugal force, and then collecting the crushed material. The crushing / selecting method according to claim 8. 11. The crushing / sorting method according to claim 7, wherein the specific gravity sorting step is performed in a plurality of types of liquids having different specific gravities.