CN105823660B - A kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample - Google Patents
A kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN105823660B CN105823660B CN201610150758.2A CN201610150758A CN105823660B CN 105823660 B CN105823660 B CN 105823660B CN 201610150758 A CN201610150758 A CN 201610150758A CN 105823660 B CN105823660 B CN 105823660B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of production methods of soft rock undisturbed sample.Step includes size, the error range of the predetermined soft rock cylinder undisturbed sample for needing to make, make semicircle cutting dies, large rock mass cuts into the fritter rock sample more than predetermined size, rough cutting rock sample is to close to cylinder, rock sample is finely cut to diameter close to predetermined size using semicircle cutting dies, in error range to diameter, sample both ends are polishing to predetermined size to fine polishing rock sample, and it is spare etc. to preserve sample with preservative film.The present invention can solve the problems, such as that the special soft rocks such as the softening of chance water, disintegration cannot use the method making standard cylinder undisturbed sample of traditional water drilling coring and manual cutting is difficult to control cylinder dimensions or sample preparation is low success rate of.Economic cost of the present invention is low, economizes on resources, and manufacturing process is simple, practical and convenient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock mechanics experiment fields, and in particular to a kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample.
Background technology
Indoor rock mechanics experiment is the important means for obtaining rock mechanics parameters, and especially triaxial test needs to want by specification
Seek the standard cylinder undisturbed sample for making specific dimensions.The making of rock sample is a vital step, for traditional
Cylindrical specimens generally use drill core obtain, in drilling operation, Driller Exothermic generate high temperature both influenced mechanical properties of rock or
Damage drill bit itself achievees the purpose that cooling in order to solve this problem frequently with water drilling by water.
But soft rock is a kind of engineering material that property is special, is disturbed in the dry state to it, it is internal to be extremely easy to break
It splits, cracking, softening is easy under hot conditions, meet water and be easy softening or disintegration.Therefore, it is sampled using traditional water drilling, no legal system
Standby complete soft rock standard cylinder undisturbed sample.According to general cutter manual cutting, it is difficult to control the cylinder of cutting
Size obtains standard cylinder undisturbed sample, so can not carry out related laboratory test research or sample preparation success rate it is very low
It is unable to get the sufficient a large amount of experiment of sample progress and obtains reliable conclusion.
In order to overcome the problems, such as that conventional method can not prepare specific dimensions soft rock standard cylinder undisturbed sample, the present invention carries
A kind of method of simple and practical hand-made soft rock standard cylinder undisturbed sample is gone out, it is made to be applied to indoor rock mechanics
Experiment, the method for making sample proposed according to this invention can effectively solve the problem that the special rock tradition water drilling of this property of similar soft rock
Sampling can not prepare complete soft rock standard cylinder undisturbed sample and manual cutting is difficult to control the cylinder dimensions cut
Problem, and sample preparation success rate is high.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve conventional method not making specific dimensions soft rock standard cylinder undisturbed sample
Problem provides a kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample.
The present invention uses and solves the problems, such as to adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample, steps are as follows：
Step 1：Determine size, the error range of standby soft rock cylinder undisturbed sample of drawing up.The diameter of soft rock undisturbed sample
For D.The height of soft rock undisturbed sample is H.The wherein diameter D of soft rock undisturbed sample is 3~10cm, the diameter of soft rock undisturbed sample
With the height ratio D of soft rock undisturbed sample：H=1:2.0~2.5.Error range：D、H±0.05cm.
Step 2：Prepare cutting dies.
The cutting dies use when being used to prepare soft rock undisturbed sample.The cutting dies are in half-round tubular.
The diameter of cutting dies is bigger 0.1~0.5cm than the diameter D of soft rock undisturbed sample, the axial lengths of cutting dies compared with
Than 2.0~5.0cm of height H high of rock undisturbed sample.
The edge of axial one end of cutting dies is edge of a knife shape.
Step 3：Cut rock sample.
A bulk of rock sample is taken, after its upper and lower ends is flattened, according to the scheduled cylindrical specimens size of step 1, uses steel
The bulk soft rock is cut into fritter rock by silk saw, and the fritter soft rock connects close to cuboid, two length of short sides of fritter soft rock
Closely.Its length of short sides is bigger 2.0~3.0cm than the diameter D of soft rock undisturbed sample.The long side of cuboid is than soft rock undisturbed sample
Big 2.0~the 4.0cm of height H.
Step 4：Rough cutting rock sample.
According to the scheduled cylindrical specimens size of step 1, the fritter soft rock rock sample of step 3 is whittled into using cutter close
Cylindrical shape, the diameter for slightly cutting rock sample are bigger 0.5~1.0cm than predetermined diameter D.Slightly the axial height of rock sample is cut than predetermined altitude H
High 0.5~1.0cm.
Step 5：Fine cutting rock sample.
The side for slightly being cut rock sample using step 4 is close on the inside of the half-round tubular cutting dies edge of a knife end made by step 2
Face, the different direction along the side for slightly cutting sample cut rock sample from top to bottom, obtain fine cut rock sample.The side of the fine cut rock sample
All become arc surface.Specially：
The rock sample that step 4 obtains is placed on workbench, using vernier caliper along cylinder rock sample every 2~~3cm
4~~8 measurements are carried out to rock sample diameter at height.Above-mentioned step is pressed again for the diameter position bigger 0.3cm than prefabricated diameter
Rapid cutting.By multiple measurement-cutting process, until the basic phase of diameter that cylinder rock sample measures at different height
Deng, and with the difference of predetermined diameter within 0.3cm.
Step 6：Fine polishing rock sample.
The back side of sand paper is attached on the inner wall of cutting dies, the cutting dies with sand paper are obtained.
Fine cut rock sample is put into the cutting dies with sand paper, holds the cutting dies with sand paper to fine cut rock sample
Palisades are polished, and fine grinding rock sample is obtained.Specially：
The polishing of top-down rotation is carried out to fine cut rock sample.
Using vernier caliper along 4~8 measurement diameters of the every 2~3cm height of cylinder rock sample, by multiple polishing-amount
Survey process, until the diameter difference control that cylinder rock sample measures at different height terminates within the scope of predictive error.
Step 7：It is fixed with saturator by rock sample is refined, and the both ends for refining rock sample is cut, make its height than soft
The rock undisturbed sample height big 0.3~0.5cm of H reuse sand paper and carry out polishing leveling to the both ends of the fine grinding rock sample by cutting,
Until the error of itself and soft rock undisturbed sample height H meet the error range of step 1 setting, finished product is obtained.
Step 8：The finished product prepared is bandaged using preservative film, it is spare to post label, completes to prepare.
Advantageous effect
The present invention can solve the special engineering material of this property of similar soft rock as the rocks such as mud stone, sandstone cannot use
Conventional method sample preparation and manual cutting are difficult to control cylinder dimensions and obtain standard cylinder undisturbed sample or sample preparation success rate very
It is low to be unable to get sufficient sample problem.For traditional core boring sampling in drilling operation, Driller Exothermic, which generates high temperature, both influences rock
Mechanical property also damages drill bit itself, and soft rock in the dry state disturbs it, and inside is extremely easily broken off, and is held under hot conditions
Easy to crack, softening, in order to solve this problem frequently with traditional water drilling sample preparation, achievees the purpose that cooling by water.However it is soft
Rock meets water and is easy softening or disintegration, can not prepare complete original state soft rock sample.According to general cutter manual cutting, it is difficult to
The cylinder dimensions of control cutting obtain standard cylinder sample.Present invention only requires one section of hollow steel pipe, sand paper, fret saw,
The apparatus such as cutter and vernier caliper can be successfully prepared mechanical test standard cylinder undisturbed sample in a kind of soft rock room, and
Sample preparation success rate is high, makes full use of material, economic cost is low, economizes on resources.In addition, sample making course is simple, it is practical and convenient.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that the present invention makes soft rock sample.
Fig. 2 is semicircle cutting dies schematic three dimensional views of the invention.
Fig. 3 is semicircle cutting dies sectional view of the invention.
Fig. 4 is semicircle cutting dies drawing in side sectional elevation of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
In conjunction with the attached drawing design feature that the present invention will be described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample, as follows：
Step 1：Determine size, the error range of standby soft rock cylinder undisturbed sample of drawing up.The diameter of soft rock undisturbed sample
For D.The height of soft rock undisturbed sample is H.The wherein diameter D of soft rock undisturbed sample is 3~10cm, the diameter of soft rock undisturbed sample
With height ratio D：H=1:2~2.5.Error range：D、H±0.05cm.
Step 2：Prepare cutting dies.
The cutting dies use when being used to prepare soft rock undisturbed sample.The cutting dies are in half-round tubular.
The diameter of cutting dies is bigger 0.1~0.5cm than the diameter D of soft rock undisturbed sample, the axial lengths of cutting dies compared with
Than 2.0~5.0cm of height H high of rock undisturbed sample.
The edge of axial one end of cutting dies is edge of a knife shape.
Step 3：Cut rock sample.
A bulk of rock sample is taken, after its upper and lower ends is flattened, according to the scheduled cylindrical specimens size of step 1, uses steel
The bulk soft rock is cut into fritter rock by silk saw, and the fritter soft rock connects close to cuboid, two length of short sides of fritter soft rock
Nearly equal (i.e. horizontal cross-section approximation is square).Its length of short sides is bigger 2.0~3.0cm than the diameter D of soft rock undisturbed sample.It is long
The long side of cube is bigger 2.0~4.0cm than the height H of soft rock undisturbed sample.
Step 4：Rough cutting rock sample.
According to the scheduled cylindrical specimens size of step 1, the fritter soft rock rock sample of step 3 is whittled into using cutter close
Cylindrical shape, the diameter for slightly cutting rock sample are bigger 0.5~1.0cm than predetermined diameter D.Slightly the axial height of rock sample is cut than predetermined altitude H
High 0.5~1.0cm.
Step 5：Fine cutting rock sample.
It is close to the side that step 4 is slightly cut rock sample on the inside of the half-round tubular cutting dies edge of a knife end made using step 2,
Different direction along sample side cuts rock sample from top to bottom, obtains fine cut rock sample.The side of the fine cut rock sample all becomes circle
Cambered surface.Specially：
The rock sample that step 4 obtains is placed on workbench, using vernier caliper along the every 2~3cm high of cylinder rock sample
4~8 measurements are carried out to rock sample diameter at degree.The diameter position bigger 0.3cm than prefabricated diameter is cut by above-mentioned steps again
It cuts.By multiple measurement-cutting process, until the diameter that cylinder rock sample measures at different height is of substantially equal,
And with the difference of predetermined diameter within 0.3cm.
Step 6：Fine polishing rock sample.
The back side of sand paper is attached on the inner wall of cutting dies, the cutting dies with sand paper are obtained.
Fine cut rock sample is put into the cutting dies with sand paper, holds the cutting dies with sand paper to fine cut rock sample
Palisades are polished, and fine grinding rock sample is obtained.Specially：
The polishing of top-down rotation is carried out to fine cut rock sample.
Using vernier caliper along 4~8 measurement diameters of the every 2~3cm height of cylinder rock sample, by multiple polishing-amount
Survey process, until the diameter difference control that cylinder rock sample measures at different height terminates within the scope of predictive error.
Step 7：It polishes at sample both ends.It is fixed using saturator by rock sample is refined, and the both ends for refining rock sample is carried out
Cutting, keeps its height bigger 0.3~0.5cm than soft rock undisturbed sample height H, reuses sand paper to the fine grinding rock sample by cutting
Both ends carry out polishing leveling, until the error of itself and soft rock undisturbed sample height H meet the error range of step 1 setting, obtain
Finished product.
Step 8：The finished product prepared is bandaged using preservative film, it is spare to post label.
Furtherly, cutting dies are made of being cut by hollow sheet steel pipe, and the sections cutting dies Transverse are semicircle.It cuts
The wall thickness of mold is cut between 0.2~0.4cm, knife edge thickness≤0.1cm, the rigidity of steel pipe rigidity >=Q235 steel.
Furtherly, in steps of 5, fine cut rock sample the specific steps are：
5.1 are placed on the rock sample that step 4 obtains on workbench, are cut from top to bottom with the half-round tubular cutting dies edge of a knife
Cut rock sample side so that rock sample side becomes arc surface.
5.2 carry out 4~8 measurements along the every 2~3cm height of cylinder rock sample using vernier caliper to rock sample diameter.It takes
The average value of sustained height measured value is the average diameter of the height.
The measurement result of 5.3 foundations 5.2, for the larger position of the diameter difference of sustained height different direction measurement by step
Rapid 5.1 method is cut so that the diameter value that sustained height different direction measures is equal.And it is more straight than predetermined to average diameter
It is cut by the method for step 5.1 at the position of the big 0.3cm of diameter.
After completing this step, the diameter that cylinder rock sample measures at different height is equal, and and predetermined diameter
Difference within 0.3cm.
Furtherly, in step 6, by fine cut rock sample be polished into fine grinding rock sample the specific steps are：
6.1 are attached to the back side of sand paper on the inner wall of semicircle cutting dies, obtain the cutting dies with sand paper.
6.2 by fine cut rock sample be put into mold carry out up and down, rotary-grinding.
6.3 measure diameters 4~8 times using vernier caliper along the every 2~3cm height of cylinder rock sample, check that specimen size is
It is no to meet predictive error range, continue by polishing if not meeting, until cylinder rock sample measured at different height it is straight
Diameter control terminates within the scope of predictive error.
Embodiment：
Make the cylinder soft rock sampling following steps for triaxial test diameter 3.91cm, high 8cm：
Step 1：Determine size, the error range of the soft rock cylinder undisturbed sample for drawing up standby.This experiment determines that sample is straight
Diameter
D=3.91cm, high H=8cm, error range are：Error range：D、H±0.05cm.
Step 2：Prepare cutting dies.It is 4.1cm internal diameter, the hollow Q235 steel pipes cutting of height 10cm, wall thickness 0.4cm
At half-round tubular, Single port is polished into sharp edge of a knife shape.
Step 3：Cut rock sample.Rock sample both ends are flattened and are placed, bulk soft rock is cut into fritter rock using fret saw,
Fritter soft rock is close to cuboid, and two length of short sides are close.Big 2.0~the 3.0cm of its length of short sides diameter group D=3.91cm, length
The long side of cube is higher H=8cm big 2.0~4.0cm than cylindrical specimens.
Step 4：Rough cutting rock sample.The fritter soft rock rock sample of step 3 is whittled into close to cylindrical shape, slightly using cutter
Cut the big 0.5~1.0cm of diameter diameter group D=3.91cm of rock sample.The thick axial height for cutting rock sample is higher than height H=8cm by 0.5~
1.0cm。
Step 5：Fine cutting rock sample.It is close to step 4 on the inside of the half-round tubular cutting dies edge of a knife end made using step 2
Rock sample side is obtained, the different direction along sample side cuts rock sample from top to bottom, ensures that side all becomes arc surface.
The rock sample that step 4 obtains is placed on workbench, using vernier caliper along the every 2cm height of cylinder rock sample
4 measurements are carried out to rock sample diameter.Above-mentioned steps are pressed again for the position of diameter 0.3cm big ratio D=3.91cm to cut.By
Multiple measurement-cutting process, until the diameter that cylinder rock sample measures at different height is of substantially equal, and and diameter
The difference of D=3.91cm is within 0.3cm.
Step 6：Fine polishing rock sample.The back side of sand paper is attached on the inner wall of cutting dies, cutting with sand paper is obtained
Cut mold.Fine cut rock sample is put into the cutting dies with sand paper, holds the cutting dies with sand paper to fine cut rock sample
Palisades are polished.
The polishing of top-down rotation is carried out to fine cut rock sample.
Using vernier caliper along cylinder rock sample per 4 measurement diameters of 2cm height, by multiple polishing-measurement process,
Until the diameter difference control that cylinder rock sample measures at different height terminates in 0.05cm.
Step 7：It polishes at sample both ends.It is fixed using saturator by rock sample is refined, and cuts sample both ends and make sample
Height is bigger 0.3~0.5cm than height H=8cm, reuses coarse sandpaper polishing leveling so that the axial length of rock sample is former with soft rock
Control errors between the height H of shape sample are in 0.05cm.
Step 8：Preserve soft rock sample.The soft rock sample prepared is bandaged using preservative film, it is spare to post label.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample, it is characterised in that：Steps are as follows：
Step 1：Determine size, the error range of standby soft rock cylinder undisturbed sample of drawing up；A diameter of D of soft rock undisturbed sample；
The height of soft rock undisturbed sample is H；The wherein diameter D of soft rock undisturbed sample be 3.0~10.0cm, soft rock undisturbed sample it is straight
Ratio=1 of diameter D and height H:2.0~2.5；Error range：D、H±0.05cm；
Step 2：Prepare cutting dies；
The cutting dies use when being used to prepare soft rock undisturbed sample；The cutting dies are in half-round tubular；
The diameter of cutting dies is bigger 0.1~0.5cm than the diameter D of soft rock undisturbed sample, and the axial length of cutting dies is than rock original
2~5cm of height H high of shape sample；
The edge of axial one end of cutting dies is edge of a knife shape；
Step 3：Cut rock sample；
A bulk of rock sample is taken, after its upper and lower ends is flattened, according to the size of the scheduled soft rock cylinder undisturbed sample of step 1,
The bulk soft rock is cut into fritter rock using fret saw, the fritter soft rock is in quasi- cuboid；Two short sides of fritter soft rock
The length of side is close, and the length of side of its short side is bigger 2.0~3.0cm than the diameter D of soft rock undisturbed sample；The long side of fritter soft rock is than soft
Big 2.0~the 4.0cm of H of rock undisturbed sample；
Step 4：Rough cutting rock sample；
According to the scheduled cylindrical specimens size of step 1, the fritter soft rock rock sample of step 3 is whittled into close to cylinder using cutter
Body shape, referred to as slightly cuts rock sample；The diameter for slightly cutting rock sample is bigger 0.5~1.0cm than predetermined diameter D；The thick axial height for cutting rock sample
It is higher 0.5~1.0cm than predetermined altitude H；
Step 5：Fine cutting rock sample；
The thick side for cutting rock sample that the half-round tubular cutting dies edge of a knife end made by step 2 is close to be obtained by step 4, along thick
It cuts sample side and cuts rock sample from top to bottom, obtain fine cut rock sample；The side of the fine cut rock sample is arc surface；
Step 6：Fine polishing rock sample；
The back side of sand paper is attached on the inner wall of cutting dies, the cutting dies with sand paper are obtained；
Fine cut rock sample is put into the cutting dies with sand paper, palisades of the cutting dies with sand paper to fine cut rock sample are held
It polishes, obtains fine grinding rock sample；
Step 7：It is fixed with saturator by rock sample is refined, and the both ends for refining rock sample is cut, make its height than soft rock original
The shape specimen height height big 0.3~0.5cm of H reuse sand paper and continue polishing leveling, until itself and soft rock undisturbed sample height H
Error meet step 1 setting error range, obtain finished product；
Step 8：The finished product prepared is bandaged using preservative film, it is spare to post label, completes to prepare.
2. a kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cutting dies are
Made of being cut by hollow sheet steel pipe, the sections cutting dies Transverse are semicircle；
The wall thickness of cutting dies is between 0.2~0.4cm, knife edge thickness≤0.1cm, the rigidity of steel pipe rigidity >=Q235 steel.
3. a kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In steps of 5, finely
Cut rock sample the specific steps are：
5.1 are placed on the rock sample that step 4 obtains on workbench, and rock is cut from top to bottom with the half-round tubular cutting dies edge of a knife
Sample side so that rock sample side becomes arc surface；
5.2 carry out 4~8 measurements along the every 2~3cm height of cylinder rock sample using vernier caliper to rock sample diameter；It takes same
The average value of height measurements is the average diameter of the height；
The measurement result of 5.3 foundations 5.2 presses step for the larger position of the diameter difference of sustained height different direction measurement
5.1 method is cut so that the diameter value that sustained height different direction measures is equal；And predetermined diameter is compared to average diameter
It is cut by the method for step 5.1 at the position of big 0.3cm；
After completing this step, the diameter that cylinder rock sample measures at different height is equal, and with the difference of predetermined diameter
Value is within 0.3cm.
4. a kind of production method of soft rock undisturbed sample according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It in step 6, will be smart
Cut rock sample be polished into fine grinding rock sample the specific steps are：
6.1 are attached to the back side of sand paper on the inner wall of semicircle cutting dies, obtain the cutting dies with sand paper；
6.2 by fine cut rock sample be put into mold carry out up and down, rotary-grinding；
6.3 measure diameters 4~8 times using vernier caliper along the every 2~3cm height of cylinder rock sample, check whether specimen size accords with
Predictive error range is closed, is continued by polishing if not meeting, until the diameter control that cylinder rock sample measures at different height
System terminates within the scope of predictive error.
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| CN107764612A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-03-06 | 上海宝冶建设工业炉工程技术有限公司 | Inorganic non-metallic material cylindrical specimens prepare mould and preparation method thereof |
| CN106989967B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2020-02-14 | 合肥工业大学 | Method for manufacturing soft rock disintegration test sample under combined action of wet-dry alternation and stress |
| CN106903809B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-08-24 | 河南理工大学 | Coal and rock test specimen structural plane cuts technique for grinding |
| CN107860623B (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2020-03-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Testing device and testing method for processing of soft rock |
| CN108593389B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2021-05-28 | 绍兴文理学院 | Sample preparation process of rotary-falling undisturbed soil triaxial sample |
| CN110208053B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-05-25 | 东北大学 | Method for manufacturing and loading layered rock sheet sample |
| CN110441109A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-12 | 姚智迪 | A kind of inorganic non-metallic material cylindrical specimens prepare mold and preparation method thereof |
| CN110567755A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-13 | 中南大学 | Numerical control type cutting ring soil sampler and control method thereof |
| CN111307509A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-06-19 | 河海大学 | Red bed soft rock undisturbed sample sampling device and sampling method |
| CN111474026A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-31 | 淮阴师范学院 | Manual manufacturing method of mudstone standard test piece |
| CN114427999B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2024-06-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Shale rock sample of high-temperature high-pressure friction resistance tester, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101482459A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-15 | 西北工业大学 | Composite propellant small cylinder finishing tool apparatus |
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