CN105817607A - Method for raising combination intensity of liquid and solid compound interface of aluminum/copper double metal - Google Patents
Method for raising combination intensity of liquid and solid compound interface of aluminum/copper double metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN105817607A CN105817607A CN201610389073.3A CN201610389073A CN105817607A CN 105817607 A CN105817607 A CN 105817607A CN 201610389073 A CN201610389073 A CN 201610389073A CN 105817607 A CN105817607 A CN 105817607A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for raising combination intensity of liquid and solid compound interface of aluminum/copper double metal, and the invention is characterized in that aluminum/copper double metal liquid and solid compound is generated between copper and a mixed alloy comprising A390 aluminum alloy and Al-P intermediate alloy, making the quality fraction of P in the mixed alloy between 0.1-0.4%; heating the mixed alloy in a vacuum liquid-solid composite apparatus to 800 DEG C to obtain a fused aluminum liquid; preheating a copper matrix to 650 DEG C; dropping the fused aluminum liquid onto the copper matrix evenly; at last, cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain a liquid and solid composite material of aluminum/copper double metal. According to the invention, the combination intensity of the liquid and solid compound interface of the aluminum/copper double metal can be effectively raised; the process won't be influenced by factors like workpiece shape and size; the cost is low; and the operation is simple.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to non-ferrous metals casting method and technology field, be specifically related to improve al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface knot
The method closing intensity.
Background technology
Introduce according to Britain's " material science and technology " (2013 volume 29 the 2nd phase, 190-196 page), liquid-solid utilizing
The method of composite casting is prepared in al cu bimetal composite material, and the oxide skin(coating) on copper surface hinders atom between aluminum bronze
Phase counterdiffusion, cause and continuous whole metallurgical binding between aluminum bronze, cannot be realized, simultaneously at compound interface, be easily generated fragility
Intermetallic compound, reduces interface bond strength, owing to the linear expansion coefficient of aluminum, copper is different, and aluminum in cooling procedure
Copper compound interface, by producing the biggest stress, can cause aluminum bronze compound interface to ftracture, significantly when interface bond strength is relatively low
Reduce the combination property of joint.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of method improving al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface bond strength, existing to overcome
There is the shortcoming that al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite boundary strength is low, fragility is big, it is thus achieved that the double gold of the aluminum bronze that Interface Microstructure performance optimizes
Belong to composite.
The present invention improves the method for al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface bond strength, including:
Purity is not less than the copper billet of 99.9%, after polishing, cleaning, puts into containing 8-12g/L sodium hydroxide, 25-30g/L
In the mixed liquor of sodium carbonate, 50-60g/L sodium phosphate and 8-12g/L sodium silicate after 50-60 DEG C of alkali cleaning 15-20 minute, use
Alcohol rinse is also dried, and places in the sulphuric acid that concentration expressed in percentage by volume is 10-15% after the pickling 30-40 second, rushes with ethanol
Wash and dry, it is thus achieved that through the Copper substrate of pretreatment；It is characterized in that: 1:0.03 in mass ratio～0.15 takes A390 aluminum
Alloy and two kinds of solid particle composition hybrid alloys of Al-P intermediate alloy, wherein P quality in Al-P intermediate alloy is divided
Number is 3%, and making P mass fraction in this hybrid alloys is 0.1～0.4%；The liquid-solid set composite of vacuum is used to mix
Alloy carries out al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite with through the Copper substrate of pretreatment:
The furnace chamber of the liquid-solid set composite of described vacuum is mounted with quartz ampoule B, the pallet C in quartz ampoule B by with its
The magnetic force push rod A being connected controls pallet C and moves horizontally in quartz ampoule B, by around being arranged in outside quartz ampoule B
Resistance furnace F by the hybrid alloys heating and melting in quartz ampoule syringe D and preheating pallet C on Copper substrate, stone
Injection rod within English pipe syringe D is connected with magnetic force push rod E, promotes quartz ampoule syringe D by magnetic force push rod E
Hybrid alloys after heating and melting is extruded by internal injection rod；
Detachable vacuum seal valve door G and H at quartz ampoule B two ends is pulled down, and by quartz ampoule B by resistance furnace F's
Furnace chamber takes out, Copper substrate is placed on pallet C, and is pulled horizontally off the thermal treatment zone of resistance furnace F by magnetic force push rod A,
Hybrid alloys is placed in quartz ampoule syringe D, subsequently quartz ampoule B is loaded furnace chamber, true by quartz ampoule B two ends
Empty sealed valve G, H seal and are evacuated to 10-3～10-4Pa, is re-filled with argon to 0.01～0.02Mpa, controls electricity
Resistance stove F heating hybrid alloys, to forming molten aluminum liquid, then will be equipped with the pallet C water of Copper substrate by magnetic force push rod A
Translation is moved to the preheating of quartz ampoule syringe D top location directly below, then pushes quartz ampoule injection by magnetic force push rod E
Injection rod in device D, the molten aluminum liquid by 1～2g is uniformly dropped on Copper substrate, is finally cooled to room temperature, i.e. obtains
Al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite material.
The mass fraction of P preferably 0.2～0.4% in described hybrid alloys.
Owing to this invention takes the method adding Al-P intermediate alloy during al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite, a side
Face, utilizes reaction: 2P+5CuO=5Cu+P2O5During liquid-solid composite, remove the oxide on copper removal surface, make between aluminum bronze
Good metallurgical binding is formed, and overcomes in existing aluminum bronze liquid-solid composite casting method after copper surface treated by again
The problem of oxidation；On the other hand, when in hybrid alloys, the mass fraction of P is 0.2～0.4%, adding of Al-P intermediate alloy
Enter to improve the degree of supercooling of melt, add the driving force of solidification forming core, thus control the length of brittle intermetallic thing
Greatly, overcome the shortcoming that in existing aluminum bronze liquid-solid composite casting method, compound interface intensity is low, fragility is big, and the method is not
Affected by workpiece shapes, size etc., low cost, simple to operate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the liquid-solid compound experiment device of vacuum；
Fig. 2 is the microstructure picture at the al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface being not added with Al-P intermediate alloy.
Fig. 3 is the microstructure picture at the al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface that addition is 0.1wt.% of P.
Fig. 4 is the microstructure picture at the al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface that addition is 0.2wt.% of P.
Fig. 5 is the microstructure picture at the al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface that addition is 0.4wt.% of P.
Fig. 6 is the shear strength comparison diagram of the al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite sample of different P addition.
Detailed description of the invention
By the following examples and combine accompanying drawing implementing process and the effect of the present invention are further elaborated.
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment use Copper substrate be T2 fine copper sample is cut into a size of 20mm × 15mm ×
The copper billet of 4mm, removes the dirt on surface, the most in acetone ultrasonic cleaning 15 minutes being dried by mechanical grinding,
Put it into again 55 DEG C containing 10g/L sodium hydroxide, 25g/L sodium carbonate, 55g/L sodium phosphate and 10g/L sodium silicate
Alkali cleaning 15 minutes in mixed solution, after alcohol rinse drying, place into the sulphuric acid that concentration expressed in percentage by volume is 10%
Middle pickling 30 seconds, subsequently with alcohol rinse and dry, it is thus achieved that through the Copper substrate of pretreatment.Above-mentioned pretreatment Copper substrate
Also can be in mixed solution temperature 50-60 DEG C, naoh concentration is at 8-12g/L, and concentration of sodium carbonate is in 25-30g/L scope
In, sodium phosphate concentration is carried out at 10-15% in 8-12g/L, sulphuric acid concentration expressed in percentage by volume at 50-60g/L, sodium silicate silicate；
Described alkali cleaning 15-20 minute, the pickling 30-40 second, can meet the experiment effect of pretreatment.
It is that 1:0.03,1:0.07,1:0.15 weigh A390 aluminium alloy and Al-P intermediate alloy, mixing respectively in mass ratio
The addition (accounting for the percentage ratio of hybrid alloys gross mass) obtaining P is respectively 0.1wt.%, 0.2wt.% and 0.4wt.%
Three kinds of hybrid alloys, for guaranteeing to have the hybrid alloys of q.s and Copper substrate to carry out liquid-solid composite, the hybrid alloys of weighing
Quality is 2.5g；The another 2.5gA390 aluminium alloy that weighs is used for doing contrast test；Separately below to A390 aluminium alloy with mixed
Close alloy and carry out al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite experiment.
The inventive method use the liquid-solid compound experiment device of vacuum carry out the al cu bimetal between hybrid alloys and copper
Liquid-solid composite technical process.Fig. 1 gives the schematic diagram of the liquid-solid compound experiment device of vacuum.The liquid-solid complication experiment of this vacuum
Device is mainly by magnetic force push rod A, quartz ampoule B, pallet C, quartz ampoule syringe D, magnetic force push rod E, resistance furnace F
And vacuum seal valve door G, H are constituted；The two of quartz ampoule B (external diameter 55mm, internal diameter 50mm, long 570mm)
Holding and sealed by dismountable vacuum seal valve door G, H, pallet C is connected with magnetic force push rod A, and can be pushed away by magnetic force
Bar A controls pallet C and moves horizontally in quartz ampoule B, by resistance furnace F (long 365mm, wide 325mm, height
325mm) can by the hybrid alloys heating and melting in quartz ampoule syringe D (internal diameter 6-8mm, long 290mm) and
Copper substrate on preheating pallet C, the injection rod within quartz ampoule syringe D is connected with magnetic force push rod E, passes through magnetic force
Push rod E promotes the injection rod within quartz ampoule syringe D to be extruded by the hybrid alloys after heating and melting.
When carrying out the experiment of al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite, first vacuum seal valve door G, H are torn open by the two ends of quartz ampoule B
Under, and quartz ampoule B is taken out by the furnace chamber of resistance furnace F, Copper substrate is placed on pallet C, and is pushed away by magnetic force
Bar A is pulled horizontally off the thermal treatment zone of resistance furnace F, is placed in by hybrid alloys in quartz ampoule syringe D, subsequently by quartz ampoule
B loads furnace chamber, seals and vacuum seal valve door G, the H at quartz ampoule B two ends to carrying out evacuation in tube chamber, time
Between no less than 15 minutes, make vacuum reach 10-3～10-4Pa, is re-filled with argon afterwards to 0.01～0.02Mpa.With
Afterwards according to the position on quartz ampoule syringe D top, regulate the pallet location of C equipped with Copper substrate by magnetic force push rod A,
Ensure that molten aluminum liquid can be dropped in Copper substrate surface accurately.After pallet location of C is harmonized, it is pulled away from centre
The thermal treatment zone.
Set the heating schedule of resistance furnace F by predetermined temperature and temperature retention time, heating hybrid alloys is to 800 DEG C of shapes
Become molten aluminum liquid；Move pallet C by magnetic force push rod A and Copper substrate is moved to position immediately below quartz ampoule syringe D top
Put, after being preheating to design temperature 650 DEG C (can reach this temperature during preheating 1.5min), pushed away by magnetic force push rod E
Squeeze the injection rod in quartz ampoule syringe D, 1～2g molten aluminum liquid is dropped on Copper substrate (institute's drip melt in the present embodiment
Molten aluminum liquid is 1.5g), close resistance furnace heating schedule immediately, move to this al cu bimetal composite sample cool down at fire door
To room temperature, it is thus achieved that al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite material.
The present invention adds Al-P intermediate alloy during aluminum bronze liquid-solid composite, on the one hand removes the oxide on copper removal surface
Layer, promotes to form good metallurgical binding between aluminum bronze, on the other hand controls growing up of brittle intermetallic thing, thus carries
High interfacial bonding strength, strengthens the combination property of al cu bimetal joint.
Keep other experiment condition during above-mentioned aluminum bronze liquid-solid composite constant, and 2.5g hybrid alloys is replaced with
2.5gA390 aluminium alloy carries out contrast test.Fig. 2 is al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite circle being not added with Al-P intermediate alloy
The microstructure picture in face.
The al cu bimetal that addition is 0.1wt.%, 0.2wt.% and 0.4wt.% of Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 respectively P
The microstructure picture at liquid-solid composite interface.
Fig. 6 is the shear strength comparison diagram of the al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite sample of different P addition.
In Fig. 2, below interface, light areas is Copper substrate, and interface black region is hole, greyish black alternate above interface
Region be eutectic structure Al2Cu+a-Al, black region is a-Al dendrite.In Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, above interface
Light color boxed area is the brittle intermetallic thing Al produced during liquid-solid composite2Cu, greyish black alternate region is common
Brilliant tissue Al2Cu+a-Al, black region is a-Al dendrite.By comparison diagram 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 it can be seen that
In the case of being not added with Al-P intermediate alloy, joint of aluminium and copper fails to form good metallurgical binding, occurs in interface
Obvious hole；After with the addition of Al-P intermediate alloy, joint of aluminium and copper defines continuous whole compound interface,
And along with the raising of P addition, the thickness of brittle intermetallic thing is by 1500 μm that P addition is during 0.1wt.%
It is reduced to 900 μm when P addition is respectively 0.2wt.% and 0.4wt.% and 200 μm.Correspondingly, as shown in Figure 6,
Al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite material plug intensity is also brought up to P addition by 26.28Mpa when initially not adding P
It is respectively 32.75Mpa, 70.11Mpa and 96.36Mpa when 0.1wt.%, 0.2wt.% and 0.4wt.%.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is exemplarily described, it is seen that use the inventive method effectively to remove
The oxide on copper surface, and control the growth of brittle intermetallic thing, thus improve al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface
Bond strength, and use the inventive method not affected by workpiece shapes, size etc., low cost, simple to operate.
Claims (2)
1. the method improving al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface bond strength, including:
Purity is not less than the copper billet of 99.9%, after polishing, cleaning, puts into containing 8-12g/L sodium hydroxide, 25-30g/L
In the mixed liquor of sodium carbonate, 50-60g/L sodium phosphate and 8-12g/L sodium silicate after 50-60 DEG C of alkali cleaning 15-20 minute, use
Alcohol rinse is also dried, and places in the sulphuric acid that concentration expressed in percentage by volume is 10-15% after the pickling 30-40 second, rushes with ethanol
Wash and dry, it is thus achieved that through the Copper substrate of pretreatment；It is characterized in that: 1:0.03 in mass ratio～0.15 takes A390 aluminum
Alloy and two kinds of solid particle composition hybrid alloys of Al-P intermediate alloy, wherein P quality in Al-P intermediate alloy is divided
Number is 3%, and making P mass fraction in this hybrid alloys is 0.1～0.4%；The liquid-solid set composite of vacuum is used to mix
Alloy carries out al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite with through the Copper substrate of pretreatment:
The furnace chamber of the liquid-solid set composite of described vacuum is mounted with quartz ampoule (B), the pallet (C) in quartz ampoule (B) by with its
The magnetic force push rod (A) being connected controls pallet (C) and moves horizontally in quartz ampoule (B), by around being arranged in quartz ampoule (B)
Outer resistance furnace (F) is by the hybrid alloys heating and melting in quartz ampoule syringe (D) and preheats the Copper substrate on pallet (C),
The injection rod of quartz ampoule syringe (D) inside is connected with magnetic force push rod (E), promotes quartz ampoule syringe by magnetic force push rod (E)
(D) hybrid alloys after heating and melting is extruded by internal injection rod；
Detachable vacuum seal valve door (G) and the valve (H) at quartz ampoule (B) two ends are pulled down, and by quartz ampoule (B) by resistance
The furnace chamber of stove (F) takes out, Copper substrate is placed on pallet (C), and be pulled horizontally off resistance furnace (F) by magnetic force push rod (A)
The thermal treatment zone, in hybrid alloys is placed in quartz ampoule syringe (D), subsequently quartz ampoule (B) is loaded furnace chamber, by quartz ampoule
(B) vacuum seal valve door (G) and the valve (H) at two ends seals and is evacuated to 10-3～10-4Pa, is re-filled with argon extremely
0.01～0.02Mpa, control resistance furnace (F) heating hybrid alloys, then will by magnetic force push rod (A) to forming molten aluminum liquid
Pallet (C) equipped with Copper substrate is moved horizontally to the location directly below preheating of quartz ampoule syringe (D) top, then passes through magnetic force
Push rod (E) pushes the injection rod in quartz ampoule syringe (D), and the molten aluminum liquid by 1～2g is uniformly dropped on Copper substrate,
It is finally cooled to room temperature, i.e. obtains al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite material.
2. the method improving al cu bimetal liquid-solid composite interface bond strength as claimed in claim 1, feature is to make P
Mass fraction in hybrid alloys is 0.2～0.4%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106994507A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-01 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | It is a kind of to increase the method for copper sheet surface nickel coating activity |
| CN110681847A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-14 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Preparation method of thin-wall conical component made of aluminum-copper composite material |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106994507A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-01 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | It is a kind of to increase the method for copper sheet surface nickel coating activity |
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| CN110681847A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-14 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Preparation method of thin-wall conical component made of aluminum-copper composite material |
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Application publication date: 20160803 |