CN104388714B - A kind of smelting preparation method of large scale Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting - Google Patents
A kind of smelting preparation method of large scale Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104388714B CN104388714B CN201410608751.1A CN201410608751A CN104388714B CN 104388714 B CN104388714 B CN 104388714B CN 201410608751 A CN201410608751 A CN 201410608751A CN 104388714 B CN104388714 B CN 104388714B
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Abstract
The present invention is the smelting preparation method of a kind of large scale Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting, the method is by repeatedly carrying out melting by raw material in cold crucible vacuum induction suspension smelting furnace, and repeatedly it is poured in the middle of large-size ingot mould, it is attached obtaining large scale ingot casting by diffusion between solidified superalloy in liquid metal liquid and ingot mould.The method takes full advantage of induction suspending melting technique, it is possible to obtain the alloy that composition is uniform, purity is high；And overcome the restriction to raw material volume of the suspension Induction Melting Technology, utilize the diffusion of high temperature fluent metal and solid metallic to prepare large scale alloy cast ingot；By the most a small amount of cast repeatedly, molten metal is made thinner in major diameter ingot mould, uniform shrinkage in cooling procedure, thus avoids the appearance of large scale shrinkage cavity, is that preferably selecting of Intermatallic Ti-Al compound large scale ingot casting is prepared in a kind of melting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the smelting preparation method of a kind of large scale Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting, belongs to
Metal alloy compositions field of metallurgy.
Background technology
Intermatallic Ti-Al compound has intensity height, light weight, good in oxidation resistance, and high-temperature mechanics
The advantages such as performance is good, are applied to aeroplane engine and aircraft parts, it is possible to effectively reduce aircraft
Construction weight, improves aircraft flying power and flight speed, can also improve fuel efficiency simultaneously,
Reduce flight cost, have great application prospect.
And due in Intermatallic Ti-Al compound the fusing point of the element such as titanium, aluminum and density difference relatively big,
And temperature retention time is shorter after electrode material fusing, refractory metal element is caused to have little time fusing, and
Cannot separate with liquation, remain into metal bath solidification and terminate and become high density to be mingled with, this scarce
Three meltings are used to be completely eliminated even if falling into；Owing to the fusing of electrode and the solidification of melt are
Carry out simultaneously, and in fusion process, thermograde is very big, it is difficult to ensure that ingot chemistry and group
The uniformity knitted；The element reaction activity such as titanium, aluminum is high, and high to the sensitivity of interstitial element,
Fusion process is easily polluted；And the type alloy plasticity is relatively low, from liquid to solid-state mistake
In journey, shrinkage factor is higher, and melting is prepared large scale ingot casting and is easy to occur that large scale shrinkage cavity and ingot casting are opened
Split phenomenon.Such feature brings bigger to the high-quality alloy of acquisition and preparation large scale ingot casting
Difficulty.
Vacuum induction skull melting technology (Induction Skull Melting, ISM) is the most in the world
One of advanced method of melting high response alloy.The method is utilized to pass through in furnace charge lasting
Electromagnetic induction heating, makes furnace charge be brought rapidly up and melt, and by electromagnetic agitation strong in melt
Effect, makes melt entirety composition, homogeneous temperature consistent；Metal charge swashs due to water jacketed copper crucible
Cold-working is used and is formed one layer of very thin scull, melted metal is separated with sidewall of crucible, has blocked conjunction
Reaction between gold melt and copper crucible, it is to avoid the crucible material pollution to metal bath.But
Owing to being limited by inductive source power, the weight metal currently with this technology melting is limited
System, purposes receives bigger restriction.
Summary of the invention
The present invention designs for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art just and provides a kind of big chi
The smelting preparation method of very little Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting, its objective is to achieve large scale titanium aluminum
Prepared by the melting of intermetallic compound ingot casting, solve component segregation serious, and high density is mingled with etc. asks
Topic.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The smelting preparation method of this kind of large scale Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting, described titanium-aluminium alloy belongs to
Between compound be TiAl alloy, Ti3Al alloy and Ti2AlNb alloy, ingot diameters exceedes
200mm, weight uses water-cooled copper crucible vacuum induction melting furnace more than 80Kg, equipment, and it is special
Levy and be: the step of the method is as follows:
(1) weighing
According to the composition proportion of Intermatallic Ti-Al compound, weigh titanium sponge, aluminium shot or aluminium block, and
Simple substance element, intermediate alloy or simple substance element add intermediate alloy, are attached separately to different appearances by kind
In device standby；
The purity of titanium sponge is A level or 0A level；
In aluminium shot or aluminium block, the mass fraction of fine aluminium is not less than 99.99%；
Simple substance element refers to the one in Nb, Cr, W, Mo, Mn, Ta, Er, Ni or B
Or it is several；
Intermediate alloy refer to AlNb alloy, AlMo alloy, AlMn alloy, AlSi alloy,
AlV alloy, AlY alloy, AlEr alloy, TiSn alloy, TiNb alloy or TiB2In alloy
One or more；
(2) shove charge
A point lobe ingot mould is put into burner hearth pouring position, in the middle of crucible, then puts into scull, then will step
Rapid (1) alleged raw material loads in crucible；
The material of described scull is to have the alloy of identical component with prepared alloy；
(3) closing evacuation after fire door, evacuation is completed by one of following two mode:
3.1 suctions reach below 1Pa, and backfill argon or helium melt to 300～30000Pa
Refining；
3.2 suctions reach backfill argon or helium after below 10Pa, are the most again evacuated down to
Backfill argon or helium after below 10Pa, be repeated 1～5 time with the gas such as oxygen, nitrogen in reduction stove
Constituent content, backfill argon or helium carry out melting to 300～30000Pa；
(4) melting
After melting starts, first with 20～100KW power to raw material toast 1～5 minute, so
Rear raising power is incubated 2～10 minutes after occurring red heat around raw material, until in crucible in raw material
Heart position is popular in, and again improves power and is incubated 1～10 minute after occurring drop around raw material, this
Time raw material gradually melt, after raw material is completely melt improve power, make melt temperature reach alloy melt
Above 20～100 DEG C of point, and it is incubated 1～20 minute, the melt of suspension is real under function composite by electromagnetic stirring
Ready-made point uniformly；
(5) molten metal is poured in ingot mould, cooling 1～5 hours；
(6) blow-on door after when being cooled to, repeat the above steps (1)～(5), until the alloy weight in ingot mould
Amount meets requirement, is cooled to less than 150 DEG C, opens fire door, breakdown ingot mould, obtains large scale casting
Ingot.
The advantage that the employing present invention prepares large scale Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting:
(1) without electrode pressing, it is to avoid the pollution that welding electrode brings；
(2) alloy that composition is uniform, purity is high can be obtained；
(3) large scale Intermatallic Ti-Al compound alloy cast ingot is prepared；
(4) large scale shrinkage cavity, and the appearance of ingot casting problems of crack are avoided.
Present invention is mainly used for preparing large scale, the casting of internal component uniform Intermatallic Ti-Al compound
Ingot, this method of smelting is without electrode pressing, it is to avoid the pollution that welding electrode brings, particularly suitable
In Ti3Al and Ti2Prepared by the melting of the alloy cast ingot that AlNb etc. are difficult to electrode pressing, have very
Important using value and wide application market.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting of preparation is TiAl alloy, and equipment uses 20 kilograms of water-cooleds
Copper crucible vacuum induction melting furnace, the step of the method is as follows:
(1) weighing
According to the composition proportion of Intermatallic Ti-Al compound, weigh titanium sponge 7.04kg, aluminium shot
3.88kg, AlNb75 alloying pellet 0.76kg, chromium powder 0.32kg；
The purity of titanium sponge is A level；
In aluminium shot or aluminium block, the mass fraction of fine aluminium is not less than 99.99%；
(2) shove charge
The large scale ingot casting ingot mould of diameter 220mm, high 500mm is put into burner hearth pouring position,
Then in the middle of crucible, put into scull, then step (1) alleged raw material is loaded in crucible；
(3) after closing fire door, suction reaches 2Pa, and backfill argon carries out melting to 20000Pa；
(4) melting
After melting starts, first with 20～100KW power to raw material toast 5 minutes, then
Improve power and be incubated 2 minutes after red heat occurs around raw material, until donor center position in crucible
Be popular in, again improve power and be incubated 10 minutes after drop occurs around raw material, now raw material by
Gradually melt, after raw material is completely melt, improves power, makes melt temperature reach 1800 DEG C, and be incubated
5 minutes, it is uniform that the melt of suspension realizes composition under function composite by electromagnetic stirring；
(5) molten metal is poured in ingot mould, cools down 5 hours；
(6) blow-on door after when being cooled to, (1)～(5) repeat the above steps is carried out 10 times, until ingot mould
In weight alloy meet requirement, be cooled to less than 150 DEG C, open fire door, breakdown ingot mould,
To large scale ingot casting.
Through weighing, ingot casting weight is 88.6kg.
Embodiment 2
The Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting of preparation is Ti3Al alloy, equipment uses 20 kilograms of water-cooleds
Copper crucible vacuum induction melting furnace, the step of the method is as follows:
(1) weighing
According to the composition proportion of Intermatallic Ti-Al compound, weigh titanium sponge 5.67kg, aluminium block
1.12kg, niobium block 2.77kg, AlMo50 alloying pellet 0.37kg, AlV50 alloying pellet
0.15kg；
The purity of titanium sponge is 0A level；
In aluminium shot or aluminium block, the mass fraction of fine aluminium is not less than 99.99%；
(2) shove charge
The large scale ingot casting ingot mould of diameter 220mm, high 500mm is put into burner hearth pouring position,
Then in the middle of crucible, put into scull, then step (1) alleged raw material is loaded in crucible；
(3) after closing fire door, suction reaches 10Pa, backfills argon, the most again evacuation afterwards
After below 10Pa, backfill argon, be repeated 5 times, then backfill argon and melt to 30000Pa
Refining；
(4) melting
After melting starts, first with 20～100KW power to raw material toast 1 minute, then
Improve power and be incubated 10 minutes after red heat occurs around raw material, until donor center portion in crucible
Position is popular in, and again improves power and is incubated 1 minute after occurring drop around raw material, now raw material by
Gradually melt, after raw material is completely melt, improves power, makes melt temperature reach 1800 DEG C, and be incubated
20 minutes, it is uniform that the melt of suspension realizes composition under function composite by electromagnetic stirring；
(5) molten metal is poured in ingot mould, cools down 5 hours；
(6) blow-on door after when being cooled to, (1)～(5) repeat the above steps is carried out 10 times, until ingot mould
In weight alloy meet requirement, be cooled to less than 150 DEG C, open fire door, breakdown ingot mould,
To large scale ingot casting.
Through weighing, ingot casting weight is 91.6kg.
Embodiment 3
The Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting of preparation is Ti2AlNb alloy, equipment uses 20 kg of water
Cold copper crucible vacuum induction melting furnace, the step of the method is as follows:
(1) weighing
According to the composition proportion of Intermatallic Ti-Al compound, weigh titanium sponge 4.64kg, aluminium block
1.11kg, niobium bits 4.25kg,；
The purity of titanium sponge is 0A level；
In aluminium shot or aluminium block, the mass fraction of fine aluminium is not less than 99.99%；
(2) shove charge
The large scale ingot casting ingot mould of diameter 220mm, high 500mm is put into burner hearth pouring position,
Then in the middle of crucible, put into scull, then step (1) alleged raw material is loaded in crucible；
(3) after closing fire door, suction reaches 10Pa, and backfill argon carries out melting to 5000Pa；
(4) melting
After melting starts, first with 20～100KW power to raw material toast 5 minutes, then
Improve power and be incubated 2 minutes after red heat occurs around raw material, until donor center position in crucible
Be popular in, again improve power and be incubated 10 minutes after drop occurs around raw material, now raw material by
Gradually melt, after raw material is completely melt, improves power, makes melt temperature reach 1800 DEG C, and be incubated
5 minutes, it is uniform that the melt of suspension realizes composition under function composite by electromagnetic stirring；
(5) molten metal is poured in ingot mould, cools down 2 hours；
(6) blow-on door after when being cooled to, (1)～(5) repeat the above steps is carried out 10 times, until ingot mould
In weight alloy meet requirement, be cooled to less than 150 DEG C, open fire door, breakdown ingot mould,
To large scale ingot casting.
Through weighing, ingot casting weight is 81.1kg.
The method is passed through repeatedly in cold crucible vacuum induction suspension smelting furnace, raw material to be carried out melting,
And be repeatedly poured in the middle of large-size ingot mould, by solidified superalloy in liquid metal liquid and ingot mould it
Between diffusion be attached obtaining large scale ingot casting.；The method takes full advantage of induction suspending
Melting technique, it is possible to obtain the alloy that composition is uniform, purity is high；And overcome suspension induction melting
The technology restriction to raw material volume, utilizes the diffusion of high temperature fluent metal and solid metallic to prepare
Go out large scale alloy cast ingot；By the most a small amount of cast repeatedly, molten metal is in major diameter ingot mould
Make thinner, uniform shrinkage in cooling procedure, thus avoid the appearance of large scale shrinkage cavity, it is a kind of
The preferable selection of Intermatallic Ti-Al compound large scale ingot casting is prepared in melting.
Claims (1)
1. a smelting preparation method for large scale Intermatallic Ti-Al compound ingot casting, described Intermatallic Ti-Al compound is TiAl alloy, Ti3Al alloy and Ti2AlNb alloy, ingot diameters exceedes more than 200mm, weight
80kg, equipment uses water-cooled copper crucible vacuum induction melting furnace, it is characterised in that: the step of the method is as follows:
(1) weighing
According to the composition proportion of Intermatallic Ti-Al compound, weigh titanium sponge, aluminium shot or aluminium block, and simple substance element, intermediate alloy or simple substance element add intermediate alloy, are attached separately to different containers for future use by kind；
The purity of titanium sponge is A level or 0A level；
In aluminium shot or aluminium block, the mass fraction of fine aluminium is not less than 99.99%；
Simple substance element refers to one or more in Nb, Cr, W, Mo, Mn, Ta, Er, Ni or B；
Intermediate alloy refers to AlNb alloy, AlMo alloy, AlMn alloy, AlSi alloy, AlV alloy, AlY alloy, AlEr alloy, TiSn alloy, TiNb alloy or TiB2One or more in alloy；
(2) shove charge
A point lobe ingot mould is put into burner hearth pouring position, in the middle of crucible, then puts into scull, then step (1) alleged raw material is loaded in crucible；
The material of described scull is to have the alloy of identical component with prepared alloy；
(3) closing evacuation after fire door, evacuation is completed by one of following two mode:
3.1 suctions reach below 1Pa, and backfill argon or helium carry out melting to 300～30000Pa；
3.2 suctions reach backfill argon or helium after below 10Pa, the most again it is evacuated down to backfill argon or helium after below 10Pa, be repeated 1～5 time to reduce oxygen, nitrogen constituent content in stove, backfill argon or helium carry out melting to 300～30000Pa；
(4) melting
After melting starts, first with 20～100k
Raw material is toasted 1～5 minute by the power of W, then improve power and be incubated 2～10 minutes after red heat occurs around raw material, until donor center position is popular in crucible, again improve power and be incubated 1～10 minute after drop occurs around raw material, now raw material gradually melts, and improves power after raw material is completely melt, makes melt temperature reach more than alloy melting point 20～100 DEG C, and it being incubated 1～20 minute, it is uniform that the melt of suspension realizes composition under function composite by electromagnetic stirring；
(5) molten metal is poured in ingot mould, cooling 1～5 hours；
(1)～(5) (6) blow-on door after when being cooled to, repeat the above steps, until the weight alloy in ingot mould meets requirement, is cooled to less than 150 DEG C, opens fire door, breakdown ingot mould, obtain large scale ingot casting.
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| CN106319236B (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2018-08-17 | 西北有色金属研究院 | A kind of preparation method of Ti2AlNb alloy materials |
| CN107299250B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2019-01-18 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | As cast condition is tough Ti3Al intermetallic compound and its manufacturing method and application |
| CN108531773A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-14 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | A kind of Ti3Al intermetallic compound high-temperature structural materials |
| CN112813282B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-11-19 | 大连理工大学 | Method for removing high-density inclusions in high-temperature alloy |
| CN113718123A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-30 | 宁夏北鼎新材料产业技术有限公司 | Method for preparing titanium-aluminum 4822 alloy bar by using vacuum suspension induction smelting furnace |
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