CN107486551B - A kind of casting technique and solidified structure regulation method of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting - Google Patents
A kind of casting technique and solidified structure regulation method of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN107486551B CN107486551B CN201710754878.8A CN201710754878A CN107486551B CN 107486551 B CN107486551 B CN 107486551B CN 201710754878 A CN201710754878 A CN 201710754878A CN 107486551 B CN107486551 B CN 107486551B
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011797 cavity material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumine Chemical compound C1=CC=[Al]C=C1 HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of casting methods of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting, fill type using three-level, the second level and the third level that the three-level is filled in type are that type is filled in electromagnetic field.It is improve melt mold-filling capacity, enhancing feeding effect, crystal grain refinement aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting casting technique and solidified structure regulation method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of casting techniques of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting and solidified structure to regulate and control method.
Background technique
In fields such as aerospace, weaponry, automobile, electronics, ships, wanted to meet the design of lightweight and integration
It asks, the demand of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting and application are just more and more extensive.Such casting has " large size, thin-walled, complexity, height
The features such as performance ", main body 2~4mm of wall thickness, thin-walled accounting are more than 80%, and type chamber vapour lock is big when filling type, blind chamber and abrupt change of cross-section knot
Occur turbulent flow at structure, casting is caused the defects of misrun, volume gas, cold shut occur.It is solidified under gravity, coarse equiax crystal divides melt
It is divided into isolated small molten bath, numerous thick big, the dispersion thermal center areas of casting cannot get feeding, will form the defects of shrinkage cavity is loose.Meanwhile
Since solidification supercooling effect is poor, conducts heat unsmooth, lead to dendrite undue growth, deteriorate cast structure and performance.Currently, the country is directed to
The misrun of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting, the problem of structure property difference also expand correlative study, are concentrated mainly on vacuum increasing
The exploitation of the new processes such as pressure/counter-pressure casting, plaster molding for investment casting, ultrasonic wave, electromagnetic field refinement crystal grain etc., and achieve
Certain effect, but to casting fill type and solidified structure improvement is limited.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of aluminium alloys for improving melt mold-filling capacity, enhancing feeding effect, crystal grain refinement
The casting technique and solidified structure of thin-walled cabin casting regulate and control method.
It is realized the purpose of the present invention is technical solution in this way:
A kind of casting method of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting, fills type using three-level, the three-level fills the second level in type
It is that type is filled in electromagnetic field with the third level.Preferably, the electromagnetic frequency is 50~100Hz.Further, the first order is filled type and is added
Pressure rate is 1.3~1.5KPa/s, and it is 1.0~1.2KPa/s that type compression rate is filled in the second level, and the third level fills type compression rate and is
0.8~1.0KPa/s.
Above-mentioned three-level carries out two-stage pressurizing solidification after filling type.Electromagnetic frequency in the compression solidification is 150~250Hz,
Pressure is risen to 4~6KPa with the compression rate of 0.6~0.8KPa/s, the dwell time is 15~30s；Second level compression solidification
It is with the compression rate of 1.2~1.5KPa/s by pressure rise to 450~500KPa, the dwell time is 1500~1800s.
The casting method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting, comprising the following steps:
(1) aluminum melt refined is transferred in holding furnace, 690~720 DEG C of holding temperature, is stirred；
(2) it vacuumizes: using the near 20~30KPa of vacuum pump evacuated pressure；
(3) level-one fills type: compression rate is 1.3~1.5KPa/s；
(4) second level fills type: opening magnetic field generator, electromagnetic frequency is 50~100Hz, and compression rate is 1.0~1.2KPa/
S, second level, which fills type, when melt is flow in the middle part of casting mold terminates；
(5) three-level fills type: compression rate is down to 0.8~1.0KPa/s, and three-level, which fills type, when melt is flow at the top of casting mold terminates；
(6) level-one compression solidification: the electromagnetic frequency of magnetic field generator is promoted to 150~250Hz, by 0.6~0.8KPa/
The compression rate of s, by 4~6KPa of pressure rise, the dwell time is 15~30s；
(7) two-stage pressurizing solidifies: protecting pressure rise to 450~500KPa by the compression rate of 1.2~1.5KPa/s
The pressure time is 1500~1800s；
(8) release: closing magnetic field generator, and opening exhaust valve, which unloads, is depressed into normal pressure.
More specifically, the casting method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting, includes the following steps:
(1) preparation before casting step: by the aluminum melt refined be transferred in holding furnace (690~720 DEG C of holding temperature) to
With unlatching magnetic stirrer covers middle partition, is inserted into the stalk of 4~6mm spray refractory coating；Fusible pattern gypsum mould is put
It sets on middle partition, sandbox selection is stainless steel, reduces the shielding action to electromagnetic field；Magnetic field is placed at the top of sand mold
Device, pressure regulator are placed on counter-pressure casting device external, are compressed at the top of sand mold with pressing plate, it is ensured that casting mold and stalk good seal；
Then in type is low, type, in type top and runout line access level monitoring system, tank is covered, is locked by hydraulic locking mechanism.
(2) vacuum step: it is first turned on tank communicating valve up and down, upper and lower tank is vacuumized simultaneously using vacuum pump, works as pressure
When the near 20~30KPa of power, stop vacuumizing, closes communicating valve.
(3) level-one fills type step: by the way of lower canister incoming gas, it is 1.3~1.5KPa/s that level-one, which fills type compression rate, is melted
Body flow to casting mold bottom along stalk under gas pressure, and type bottom signal lamp is bright, and level-one, which fills type, to be terminated.
(4) second level fills type step: opening magnetic field generator, electromagnetic frequency is 50~100Hz, to the aluminum melt for entering type chamber
Implement microcosmic disturbance, it is 1.0~1.2KPa/s that second level, which fills type compression rate, and when melt is flow in the middle part of casting mold, signal lamp is bright in type,
Second level, which fills type, to be terminated.
(5) three-level fills type step: to guarantee that it is steady that melt fills type, preventing liter too fast melt of liquid speed rate from emitting at the top of casting mold
Out, artillery fire phenomenon is caused, three-level fills type compression rate and is down to 0.8~1.0KPa/s, and electromagnetic frequency is 50~100Hz, melt flow
When at the top of to casting mold, type top signal lamp is bright, and three-level, which fills type, to be terminated.
(6) level-one compression solidification step: the electromagnetic frequency of magnetic field generator is promoted to 150~250Hz, enhances electromagnetism arteries and veins
Power；Lower pressure tank is increased 4~6KPa by the compression rate for then pressing 0.6~0.8KPa/s, and the dwell time is 15~30s, is protected
Demonstrate,prove the melt crust of mold cavity surface.
(7) two-stage pressurizing coagulation step: the compression rate of 1.2~1.5KPa/s is pressed to upper and lower tank, extremely by pressure rise
450~500KPa keeps upper and lower tank pressure difference constant by PID control number combination valve, realizes that aluminum melt solidifies under high pressure
Crystallization, crystallization dwell time are 1500~1800s.
(8) release step: after the dwell time arrives, closing magnetic field generator, opens tank communicating valve up and down, then opens exhaust
Valve, while to upper and lower tank release, after pressure is down to normal pressure, tank in opening hangs out casting mold and stalk, clears up Casting Equipment.
Beneficial effect
1. the present invention devises in type bottom → type by level monitoring system → the three-level Vacuum Pressure Swing difference on type top fills pattern
Formula optimizes Vacuum Filling fluidised form, promotes the thin-walled mold-filling capacity of melt, flowing when 700 DEG C of pouring temperatures of ZL114A aluminium alloy
Property 385~410mm is promoted to by 325~355mm, guarantee that the long process of thin-wall aluminum alloy cabin casting steadily sequentially fills type, press down
Type defect is filled in system turbulent flow, volume gas, oxidation etc..
2. the present invention devises crust pressurization+crystallization pressurization two-stage pressurizing solidification model, melt surface layer forms 2~5mm
Shell, reduce penetration, improve surface quality of continuous castings；Melt improves melt feeding effect in 500~550KPa solidification and crystallization
Fruit, eliminates shrinkage cavity and porosity defect, and Internal Quality of Cast promotes II~III credit rating.
3. the present invention devises field of magnetic forece+pressure field compound outfield solidified structure regulation and control model, pass through the electromagnetism of lower room
Blender carries out second homogenisation processing to aluminum melt, and type bath composition uniformity is filled in guarantee, realizes aluminium alloy (such as ZL205A)
Cu elemental composition deviation≤± 5%；The field generator for magnetic of upper chamber implements microcosmic disturbance to the aluminum melt in solidification, is crushed branch
Brilliant arm, crystal grain refinement is to 25~45 μm；Feeding a casting channel is got through by high freezing pressure, realizes the densification of solidified structure,
30% or more is promoted compared to gravitational casting casting ontology mechanical property.
5. aluminium alloy (such as ZL205A) casting ontology appointed part tensile strength produced by the present invention reaches 500MPa, extend
Rate 8%, I grades of pinhole rate, I grades of gas porosity.
6. for aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting, two big technical problems present in development and production at present: one
It is misrun caused by the thin-wall construction of large area, second is that numerous thick big, dispersion thermal center area the volume contractions of casting cannot mend
It fills, caused structure property is poor.And this technique and tissue modulation method can thoroughly solve the above problems, acquisition has excellent performance casting
Part has been achieved with batch production, has the characteristics that clear process, stability height, strong applicability, application value is higher, work
Industry has a high potential.
Detailed description of the invention
The casting technique curve of the aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting of Fig. 1；
Fig. 2 fills the setting schematic diagram of type and solidification stages magnetic force outfield: tank on 1.；2. casting mold；Partition in 3.；4. lower tank；
5. holding furnace；6. magnetic stirrer, 7. magnetic field generators；8. vacuum valve；9. level monitoring system；10. vent valve；11. pressurization
Valve；12 vacuum valves；13 aluminum melts.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is specifically described below by embodiment, it is necessary to which indicated herein is that the present embodiment can only be used
In invention is further explained, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention, the people that is skilled in technique in the field
Member can make some nonessential modifications and adaptations according to the content of aforementioned present invention.
Embodiment 1
Using certain aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting as application, specific profile size: high 1453mm, small end circle Φ
286.5mm, big end rectangle 500mm × 420mm, main body wall thickness 3.0mm, thin-walled accounting are more than 90%, the more boss in inner cavity, muscle, material
Material: ZL114A.
Casting mold can be prepared according to the following steps:
(1) according to casting group type figure, wax pattern is welded according to wax pattern preparation step group；After the completion of group weldering, wax pattern is placed centrally
Onto grouting backing plate, the gap for blocking sandbox between the backing plate part that is in the milk with gypsum slurry, after plugged zone (2~5mm) solidification,
Liquid wax, complete ceroplastic vanning and fixation are gently injected on grouting backing plate.
(2) high intensity α gypsum (270 mesh) 345Kg, alumine powder (270 mesh~320 mesh) 458Kg, silica flour are weighed
(40 mesh~70 mesh) 115kg, quartz sand (20 mesh~40 mesh) 86kg, magnesium sulfate 68kg, glass fibre (60~80 μm) 2.8kg,
Gypsum mould powder is blended using batch mixer, and is sealed.
(3) water 344Kg, citric acid 5.3Kg, n-octyl alcohol 3.3Kg are weighed；First load weighted water is poured into agitator, then
Load weighted 1% citric acid solution, n-octyl alcohol is added, using handheld blender (300~500n/min) stir, while stirring plus
Enter load weighted powder progress slurry to be blended, after the completion of being blended, check uniformity, uniform blocky gypsum material point will not mixed
It dissipates, every barrel of mixing time about 2~2.5 minutes.
(4) gypsum slurry being blended is stood into 1min, be diagonally in the milk simultaneously in sandbox, in irrigation process, wax-pattern is easy
Collection deposits the position of bubble, tries to eliminate bubble by hand, while the difference in height for observing slurry liquid level inside and outside wax pattern is less than 20mm, pours
It is stood at room temperature after filling and spontaneously dries 36h.
(5) gypsum mould of pouring is hung in mold roasting furnace, roasting technique are as follows: room temperature → 150 DEG C (heat preservation 7h) →
250 DEG C (heat preservation 10h) → 350 DEG C (heat preservation 2h) → 450 DEG C (heat preservation 2h) → 550 DEG C (heat preservation 2h) → 650 DEG C (heat preservation 2h) →
700 DEG C (heat preservation 12h) → 300 DEG C (heat preservation 36h), each heating platform in roasting, heating-up time 30min.
(5) silica sand (40 mesh~70 mesh) 155Kg, chromite sand (50 mesh~100 mesh) 127Kg, menaccanite (70 mesh are weighed
~140 mesh) 119Kg, emergy (90 mesh~150 mesh) 85Kg；It after being mixed using sand mixer, is fitted into stainless steel barrel, then puts
Enter and be dried in box drying box, it is stand-by that 4h is kept the temperature under 300 ± 10 DEG C of environment；Roasting gypsum mould is hung out,
Dried Quench sand is packed into from the exhaust passage at the top of gypsum mould, completes the preparation of casting mold.
Mold characteristic effect: the gypsum mould intensity after roasting is improved to 14~16MPa, is reduced gypsum roasting cracking, is led to
It crosses to form micro hole, cave, improves the gas permeability and collapsibility of gypsum；Thermal conductivity is promoted to 650~850Wm-2·K-1, casting mold
Heat dissipation effect be effectively improved；The shrinkage cavity of casting, it is loose the defects of be improved, the sheet of ZL114A thin-walled aluminium alloy castings
Body appointed part tensile strength is promoted to 300~330MPa, and internal soundness is promoted to I grades by II~III level.
The casting method of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting carries out as follows:
(1) preparation before casting step: by the aluminum melt refined be transferred in holding furnace (690~720 DEG C of holding temperature) to
With unlatching magnetic stirrer covers middle partition, is inserted into the stalk of 4~6mm spray refractory coating；Fusible pattern gypsum mould is put
It sets on middle partition, sandbox selection is stainless steel, reduces the shielding action to electromagnetic field；Magnetic field is placed at the top of sand mold
Device, pressure regulator are placed on counter-pressure casting device external, are compressed at the top of sand mold with pressing plate, it is ensured that casting mold and stalk good seal；
Then in type is low, type, in type top and runout line access level monitoring system, tank is covered, is locked by hydraulic locking mechanism.
(2) vacuum step: it is first turned on tank communicating valve up and down, upper and lower tank is vacuumized simultaneously using vacuum pump, works as pressure
When the near 20~30KPa of power, stop vacuumizing, closes communicating valve.
(3) level-one fills type step: by the way of lower canister incoming gas, it is 1.3~1.5KPa/s that level-one, which fills type compression rate, is melted
Body flow to casting mold bottom along stalk under gas pressure, and type bottom signal lamp is bright, and level-one, which fills type, to be terminated.
(4) second level fills type step: opening magnetic field generator, electromagnetic frequency is 50~100Hz, to the aluminum melt for entering type chamber
Implement microcosmic disturbance, it is 1.0~1.2KPa/s that second level, which fills type compression rate, and when melt is flow in the middle part of casting mold, signal lamp is bright in type,
Second level, which fills type, to be terminated.
(5) three-level fills type step: three-level fills type compression rate and is down to 0.8~1.0KPa/s, and electromagnetic frequency is 50~
100Hz, when melt is flow at the top of casting mold, type top signal lamp is bright, and three-level, which fills type, to be terminated.
(6) level-one compression solidification step: the electromagnetic frequency of magnetic field generator is promoted to 150~250Hz, enhances electromagnetism arteries and veins
Power；Lower pressure tank is increased 4~6KPa by the compression rate for then pressing 0.6~0.8KPa/s, and the dwell time is 15~30s, is protected
Demonstrate,prove the melt crust of mold cavity surface.
(7) two-stage pressurizing coagulation step: the compression rate of 1.2~1.5KPa/s is pressed to upper and lower tank, extremely by pressure rise
450~500KPa keeps upper and lower tank pressure difference constant by PID control number combination valve, realizes that aluminum melt solidifies under high pressure
Crystallization, crystallization dwell time are 1500~1800s.
(8) release step: after the dwell time arrives, closing magnetic field generator, opens tank communicating valve up and down, then opens exhaust
Valve, while to upper and lower tank release, after pressure is down to normal pressure, tank in opening hangs out casting mold and stalk, clears up Casting Equipment.
Main technologic parameters: 720 DEG C of pouring temperature, vacuum degree 20KPa, level-one fills type compression rate 1.3KPa/s, second level
Type compression rate 1.1KPa/s is filled, three-level fills type compression rate 1.0KPa/s, electromagnetic frequency 220Hz, the pressurization of level-one compression solidification
Rate 0.8KPa/s, investing time 20s, two-stage pressurizing solidify compression rate 1.3KPa/s, crystallization time 1800s.
Implementation result:
Flowing is promoted to 385~410mm when casting, and the long process of thin-wall aluminum alloy cabin casting steadily sequentially fills type.It closes
Elemental compositions deviation≤± 3% such as Mg, Ti, Be of gold；Crystal grain refinement is to 25~45 μm；Mechanical property promotes 30% or more.
Casting ontology appointed part tensile strength reaches 320MPa, elongation percentage 3.0%, and I grades of pinhole rate, I grades of gas porosity.
Embodiment 2
Using certain aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting as application, specific profile size: small end circle Φ 295mm, big end circle Φ
340mm, high 710m, main body wall thickness 3.5mm, thin-walled accounting are more than 85%, are in father-in-law's shape structure, material: ZL101A.
The casting method of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting carries out as follows:
(1) preparation before casting step: by the aluminum melt refined be transferred in holding furnace (690~720 DEG C of holding temperature) to
With unlatching magnetic stirrer covers middle partition, is inserted into the stalk of 4~6mm spray refractory coating；Fusible pattern gypsum mould is put
It sets on middle partition, sandbox selection is stainless steel, reduces the shielding action to electromagnetic field；Magnetic field is placed at the top of sand mold
Device, pressure regulator are placed on counter-pressure casting device external, are compressed at the top of sand mold with pressing plate, it is ensured that casting mold and stalk good seal；
Then in type is low, type, in type top and runout line access level monitoring system, tank is covered, is locked by hydraulic locking mechanism.
(2) vacuum step: it is first turned on tank communicating valve up and down, upper and lower tank is vacuumized simultaneously using vacuum pump, works as pressure
When the near 20~30KPa of power, stop vacuumizing, closes communicating valve.
(3) level-one fills type step: by the way of lower canister incoming gas, it is 1.3~1.5KPa/s that level-one, which fills type compression rate, is melted
Body flow to casting mold bottom along stalk under gas pressure, and type bottom signal lamp is bright, and level-one, which fills type, to be terminated.
(4) second level fills type step: opening magnetic field generator, electromagnetic frequency is 50~100Hz, to the aluminum melt for entering type chamber
Implement microcosmic disturbance, it is 1.0~1.2KPa/s that second level, which fills type compression rate, and when melt is flow in the middle part of casting mold, signal lamp is bright in type,
Second level, which fills type, to be terminated.
(5) three-level fills type step: electromagnetic frequency is 50~100Hz, and three-level fills type compression rate and is down to 0.8~1.0KPa/
S, when melt is flow at the top of casting mold, type top signal lamp is bright, and three-level, which fills type, to be terminated.
(6) level-one compression solidification step: the electromagnetic frequency of magnetic field generator is promoted to 150~250Hz, enhances electromagnetism arteries and veins
Power；Lower pressure tank is increased 4~6KPa by the compression rate for then pressing 0.6~0.8KPa/s, and the dwell time is 15~30s, is protected
Demonstrate,prove the melt crust of mold cavity surface.
(7) two-stage pressurizing coagulation step: the compression rate of 1.2~1.5KPa/s is pressed to upper and lower tank, extremely by pressure rise
450~500KPa keeps upper and lower tank pressure difference constant by PID control number combination valve, realizes that aluminum melt solidifies under high pressure
Crystallization, crystallization dwell time are 1500~1800s.
(8) release step: after the dwell time arrives, closing magnetic field generator, opens tank communicating valve up and down, then opens exhaust
Valve, while to upper and lower tank release, after pressure is down to normal pressure, tank in opening hangs out casting mold and stalk, clears up Casting Equipment.
Main technologic parameters: 700 DEG C of pouring temperature, vacuum degree 20KPa, level-one fills type compression rate 1.2KPa/s, second level
Type compression rate 1.0KPa/s is filled, three-level fills type compression rate 0.8KPa/s, electromagnetic frequency 180Hz, the pressurization of level-one compression solidification
Rate 0.8KPa/s, investing time 15s, two-stage pressurizing solidify compression rate 1.2KPa/s, crystallization time 1500s.
Implementation result:
Flowing is promoted to 390~420mm when casting, and the long process of thin-wall aluminum alloy cabin casting steadily sequentially fills type.It closes
Elemental compositions deviation≤± 3% such as Mg, Ti of gold；Crystal grain refinement is to 30~50 μm；Mechanical property promotes 30% or more.
Casting ontology appointed part tensile strength reaches 290MPa, elongation percentage 8.0%, and I grades of pinhole rate, I grades of gas porosity.
Embodiment 3
Using certain aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting as application, specific profile size: height 720mm, small end circle Φ
610mm, big end circle Φ 750mm, main body wall thickness 4.0mm, thin-walled accounting is more than 80%, and strengthening tendons, thick big boss etc., material are added in inner cavity
Material: ZL205A.
The casting method of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting carries out as follows:
(1) preparation before casting step: by the aluminum melt refined be transferred in holding furnace (690~720 DEG C of holding temperature) to
With unlatching magnetic stirrer covers middle partition, is inserted into the stalk of 4~6mm spray refractory coating；Fusible pattern gypsum mould is put
It sets on middle partition, sandbox selection is stainless steel, reduces the shielding action to electromagnetic field；Magnetic field is placed at the top of sand mold
Device, pressure regulator are placed on counter-pressure casting device external, are compressed at the top of sand mold with pressing plate, it is ensured that casting mold and stalk good seal；
Then in type is low, type, in type top and runout line access level monitoring system, tank is covered, is locked by hydraulic locking mechanism.
(2) vacuum step: it is first turned on tank communicating valve up and down, upper and lower tank is vacuumized simultaneously using vacuum pump, works as pressure
When the near 20~30KPa of power, stop vacuumizing, closes communicating valve.
(3) level-one fills type step: by the way of lower canister incoming gas, it is 1.3~1.5KPa/s that level-one, which fills type compression rate, is melted
Body flow to casting mold bottom along stalk under gas pressure, and type bottom signal lamp is bright, and level-one, which fills type, to be terminated.
(4) second level fills type step: opening magnetic field generator, electromagnetic frequency is 50~100Hz, to the aluminum melt for entering type chamber
Implement microcosmic disturbance, it is 1.0~1.2KPa/s that second level, which fills type compression rate, and when melt is flow in the middle part of casting mold, signal lamp is bright in type,
Second level, which fills type, to be terminated.
(5) three-level fills type step: electromagnetic frequency is 50~100Hz, and three-level fills type compression rate and is down to 0.8~1.0KPa/
S, when melt is flow at the top of casting mold, type top signal lamp is bright, and three-level, which fills type, to be terminated.
(6) level-one compression solidification step: the electromagnetic frequency of magnetic field generator is promoted to 150~250Hz, enhances electromagnetism arteries and veins
Power；Lower pressure tank is increased 4~6KPa by the compression rate for then pressing 0.6~0.8KPa/s, and the dwell time is 15~30s, is protected
Demonstrate,prove the melt crust of mold cavity surface.
(7) two-stage pressurizing coagulation step: the compression rate of 1.2~1.5KPa/s is pressed to upper and lower tank, extremely by pressure rise
450~500KPa keeps upper and lower tank pressure difference constant by PID control number combination valve, realizes that aluminum melt solidifies under high pressure
Crystallization, crystallization dwell time are 1500~1800s.
(8) release step: after the dwell time arrives, closing magnetic field generator, opens tank communicating valve up and down, then opens exhaust
Valve, while to upper and lower tank release, after pressure is down to normal pressure, tank in opening hangs out casting mold and stalk, clears up Casting Equipment.
Main technologic parameters: 690 DEG C of pouring temperature, vacuum degree 20KPa, level-one fills type compression rate 1.3KPa/s, second level
Type compression rate 1.0KPa/s is filled, three-level fills type compression rate 0.9KPa/s, electromagnetic frequency 200Hz, the pressurization of level-one compression solidification
Rate 1.0KPa/s, investing time 15s, two-stage pressurizing solidify compression rate 1.0KPa/s, crystallization time 1680s.
Implementation result:
Flowing is promoted to 280~320mm when casting, and the long process of thin-wall aluminum alloy cabin casting steadily sequentially fills type.It closes
Elemental compositions deviation≤± 5% such as Cu, Mn, Ti of gold；Crystal grain refinement is to 20~40 μm；Mechanical property promotes 35% or more.
Casting ontology appointed part tensile strength reaches 500MPa, elongation percentage 8%, and I grades of pinhole rate, I grades of gas porosity.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of casting method of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting fills type using three-level and two-stage pressurizing solidifies, the three-level is filled
The second level and the third level in type are that type is filled in electromagnetic field；Electromagnetic frequency is 50 ~ 100Hz when filling type；The first order fills type pressurization
Rate be 1.3 ~ 1.5KPa/s, the second level fill type compression rate be 1.0 ~ 1.2KPa/s, the third level fill type compression rate be 0.8 ~
1.0KPa/s；Three-level carries out two-stage pressurizing solidification after filling type, and the electromagnetic frequency in the compression solidification is 150 ~ 250Hz, with 0.6
For the compression rate of ~ 0.8KPa/s by 4 ~ 6KPa of pressure rise of lower tank, the dwell time is 15 ~ 30s；Second level compression solidification be with
Upper and lower pressure tank is increased to 450 ~ 500KPa by the compression rate of 1.2 ~ 1.5KPa/s, and the dwell time is 1500 ~ 1800s.
2. the casting method of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting as described in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) aluminum melt refined is transferred in holding furnace, 690 ~ 720 DEG C of holding temperature；
(2) it vacuumizes: using vacuum pump evacuated pressure to 20~30KPa；
(3) level-one fills type: compression rate is 1.3 ~ 1.5KPa/s；
(4) second level fills type: opening magnetic field generator, electromagnetic frequency is 50 ~ 100Hz, and compression rate is 1.0 ~ 1.2KPa/s, melt
Second level, which fills type, when flowing in the middle part of casting mold terminates；
(5) three-level fills type: compression rate is down to 0.8 ~ 1.0KPa/s, and three-level, which fills type, when melt is flow at the top of casting mold terminates；
(6) first order compression solidification: the electromagnetic frequency of magnetic field generator is promoted to 150 ~ 250Hz, by 0.6 ~ 0.8KPa/s's
Lower pressure tank is increased 4 ~ 6KPa by compression rate, and the dwell time is 15 ~ 30s；
(7) second level compression solidification: pressing the compression rate of 1.2 ~ 1.5KPa/s, upper and lower pressure tank be increased to 450 ~ 500KPa,
Dwell time is 1500 ~ 1800s；
(8) release: closing magnetic field generator, and opening exhaust valve, which unloads, is depressed into normal pressure.
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| CN109940130B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2021-03-05 | 成都新航工业科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing shell by utilizing electromagnet principle through adsorption grouting |
| CN108637219B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-06-23 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Independent liquid level pressurization control system and method for multi-position parallel pressurization casting device |
| CN109128097A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-04 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of Vacuum Differential Pressure Casting classification compression solidification starts melt temperature method of pressurizeing |
| CN109047722A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2018-12-21 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of adjustable pressure casting push-pull type air-channel system and its method |
| CN109434077A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-08 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of vacuum pressing and casting forming device and air-channel system based on electromagnetic field |
| CN110026541B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2021-08-17 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | Vacuum melting and variable pressure solidification forming method for ultrathin-wall high-air-tightness aluminum alloy part |
| CN110421144B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-07-23 | 上海交通大学 | Pressure-regulating precision casting method for high-temperature alloy floating wall tile under action of external electromagnetic field |
| CN110421146A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-08 | 贵州航天风华精密设备有限公司 | A kind of casting method of aluminium alloy thin-walled cabin casting |
| CN113477920A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-08 | 上海交通大学 | Molten metal filling node monitoring device and method and anti-gravity casting equipment |
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| RU2004379C1 (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1993-12-15 | Московска государственна академи автомобильного и тракторного машиностроени | Process of production of castings in travelling electromagnetic field |
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