CN102744367A - Lost foam-shell mold casting vibration and solidification method based on foam mold - Google Patents
Lost foam-shell mold casting vibration and solidification method based on foam mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN102744367A CN102744367A CN2012102468943A CN201210246894A CN102744367A CN 102744367 A CN102744367 A CN 102744367A CN 2012102468943 A CN2012102468943 A CN 2012102468943A CN 201210246894 A CN201210246894 A CN 201210246894A CN 102744367 A CN102744367 A CN 102744367A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lost foam-shell mold casting vibration and solidification method based on a foam mold, comprising the following steps of: (1) manufacturing the foam mold with a ceramic shell on a surface thereof; (2) after the foam mold is subjected to lost foam mold and baking, putting the foam mold into a bottom-drawing sandbox, filling scattered molded dry sand into the bottom-drying sandbox, closing a vibrating table after vibrating and compacting the scattered dry sand pass through the vibrating table, coating a layer of plastic film on the upper part of the bottom-drawing sandbox, and placing a pouring cup on the upper part of the bottom-drawing sandbox to be poured; and (3) opening a vacuum device and the vibrating table, injecting metal liquid into a ceramic shell through the pouring cup, vibrating and solidifying, closing the vibrating table and the vacuum device after the metal liquid is solidified into a cast completely, and opening the sandbox to perform cleaning. The lost foam-shell mold casting vibration and solidification method based on the foam mold is simple, lower in cost, convenient to operate and environmental-friendly. An effective method with the characteristics of convenience, quickness, low cost, environmental-friendly grain size of refined casts and enhanced performances of the casts is provided for lost foam-shell mold casting enterprises.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hot investment casting field, specifically is a kind of disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting method based on foam mould.
Background technology
Lost foam casting is the new technology of a kind of nearly no surplus, Accurate Shaping, is called as " casting technology of 21 century " and " green engineering in the casting ", has currently obtained large development and extensive use.Yet; Also there is certain problem in lost foam casting; Such as the foam plastics mould that adopts in casting process because decomposition can bring pore, elephant skin, be mingled with and many defectives such as carburetting, also cause pouring temperature higher, cause final casting crystal grain thick; Cast properties is on the low side, especially for the lost foam casting of aluminium, magnesium alloy.
Disappearance formwork mold casting is a kind of new composite casting technology that lost foam casting is combined with model casting and develops and come; It adopts the foam plastics mould of lost foam casting; The more slim shell of preparation on the foam mould afterwards, shell after sloughing foam mould and roasting, the shell sandbox of packing into; Pour into a mould behind the back-up sand vibration ramming in the sandbox, thereby obtain the new method of precision casting.The structural design that this technology has a lost foam casting Foam Pattern flexibly, dimensionally stable, contraction is little and cost is low; Can carry out the production of medium-and-large-sized complex thin-wall foundry goods; Simultaneously owing to sloughed foam plastics mould before the cast; Therefore pore, the elephant skin that the die casting of can avoiding disappearing is prone to, be mingled with and defective such as carburetting, and can overcome traditional model casting and can not produce heavy castings and the higher problem of cost, foundry goods has the precision and the surface quality of model casting again.Though disappearance formwork mold casting has solved some problems of lost foam casting and model casting; But also there is certain problem in himself; Because only natural coagulation under gravity of molten metal; And the diffusing dry sand radiating rate of moulding is slower, makes the final casting tissue present tangible dendrite, and crystallite dimension is bigger than normal.And the crystallite dimension of foundry goods has material impact to the mechanical property of foundry goods, and its crystallite dimension is more little, and its intensity and hardness are just high more, and the performance of foundry goods is just good more.Therefore, the refinement of realization casting crystalline grain size is the important means that improves cast properties.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting method based on foam mould, solves the existing thick problem of disappearance formwork type casting crystalline grain size, and purpose is refinement disappearance formwork type casting crystalline grain size, improves the method for cast properties.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: the disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting method based on foam mould is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) at first make foam mould, foam mould dipping coating, stucco is above that afterwards carried out above operation 2-3 time repeatedly after to be dried, thereby is obtained the foam mould that the surface has the layer 2-3 ceramic shell;
2) foam mould that step 1) gained surface is had the layer 2-3 ceramic shell is put into the bottom pumping type sandbox after losing foam mould and roasting, the bottom pumping type sandbox is connected through hold-down screw with shake table; In the bottom pumping type sandbox, fill the diffusing dry sand of moulding then, the dry sand that will loose is closed shake table after carrying out vibration ramming through shake table, and covers layer of plastic film on bottom pumping type sandbox top, and place cup afterwards on bottom pumping type sandbox top to be poured;
3) open vacuum device and shake table inject ceramic shell with molten metal through cup, and it is solidified under vibration, treat to close shake table and vacuum plant after molten metal all is frozen into foundry goods, can obtain the high-performance foundry goods after the cleaning of unpacking.
Press such scheme, the diffusing dry sand of moulding is mound sand or silica sand.
Press such scheme, the direction of vibration of shake table is horizontal direction or vertical direction.
Press such scheme, the vibration frequency of shake table is 25-500Hz, and amplitude is 0.04-4 mm, and acceleration is 2-16 g.
Disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting method based on foam mould of the present invention is suitable for the disappearance formwork mold casting of non-ferrous metals such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, also is suitable for the disappearance formwork mold casting of ferrous metal such as cast iron, cast steel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: (1) the present invention vibrates the process of setting of molten metal in the disappearance formwork mold casting process; The dendritic arm that makes early solidification form be sheared and fracture, broken with breed; Reach refinement disappearance formwork mold casting casting crystalline grain size; Improve the purpose of cast properties, crystallite dimension is through being reduced to the not preceding 35-45% of vibration after vibrating; (2) simultaneously; Casting flaw such as the present invention can solve pore, carburetting that common lost foam casting is easy to occur, be mingled with; Overcome traditional model casting and can not produce heavy castings and the higher problem of cost; Structural design with lost foam casting Foam Pattern flexibly, dimensionally stable, contraction is little and cost is low, and advantages such as the high accuracy of model casting and excellent surface quality, can carry out the production of medium-and-large-sized complex thin-wall precision casting; Combining vibration solidifies again, finally can obtain the medium-and-large-sized complex thin-wall precision casting that surface quality is good, dimensional accuracy is high, internal soundness is good and mechanical property is high; (3) simple, lower, easy to operate, the environmental friendliness of cost of technology of the present invention; Can be disappearance formwork mold casting enterprise provide a kind of convenient and swift, cost is lower, the refinement casting crystalline grain size of environmental protection; Improve the effective ways of cast properties; Improve disappearance formwork mold casting greatly and produce the competitiveness of the medium-and-large-sized complex thin-wall precision casting of high-quality, be with a wide range of applications, can realize large-scale commercial production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an instantiation sketch map of the present invention;
1, shake table; 2, hold-down screw; 3, separation layer; 4, bottom pumping type sandbox; 5, diffusing dry sand; 6, ceramic shell; 7, molten metal; 8, vacuum orifice; 9, plastic sheeting.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation, but this explanation can not be construed as limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1:
AZ91D magnesium alloy evaporative-pattern formwork mold casting vibration clotting
(1) preparation foam plastics mould, foam mould dipping coating, stucco is afterwards as above operated 2 times after to be dried repeatedly, forms 2 layers of ceramic shell on foam mould surface;
(2) ceramic shell 6 is after losing foam mould and roasting; Put into bottom pumping type sandbox 4, the bottom pumping type sandbox is connected through hold-down screw 2 with shake table, in the bottom pumping type sandbox, fills the dried mound sand 5 that looses then; Loose dry sand behind shake table 1 vibration ramming; Close shake table, sandbox top covers layer of plastic film 9, and it is to be poured that cup is placed on sandbox top afterwards;
(3) open vacuum device and shake table; Described vacuum plant is implemented to vacuumize through vacuum orifice 8 with by the space that bottom pumping type sandbox and separation layer 3 are formed, and set the vibratory process parameter and be: vibration frequency 25 Hz, amplitude are that 4.0 mm, vibration acceleration are that 10 g, direction of vibration are horizontal direction.With AZ91D magnesium alloy molten metal 7; Fusing, refining, static and reach pouring temperature after pour in the ceramic shell; Treat to close shake table and vacuum plant 8 after foundry goods all solidifies; Can obtain the AZ91D Mg alloy castings after the unpacking cleaning, foundry goods tensile strength and percentage elongation more improve 15-20% and 20-25% under the vibration condition respectively, reach 175-185 MPa and 2.5-3.5% respectively.
Embodiment 2:
A356 aluminium alloy lost foam shell moulded casting vibration clotting
(1) preparation foam plastics mould, foam mould dipping coating, stucco is afterwards as above operated 2 times after to be dried repeatedly, forms 2 layers of ceramic shell on foam mould surface;
(2) ceramic shell 6 is after losing foam plastics mould and roasting; Put into bottom pumping type sandbox 4, the bottom pumping type sandbox is connected through hold-down screw 2 with shake table, in the bottom pumping type sandbox, fills mound sand 5 then; Loose dry sand behind shake table 1 vibration ramming; Close shake table, sandbox top covers layer of plastic film 9, and it is to be poured that cup is placed on sandbox top afterwards;
(3) open vacuum device and shake table; Described vacuum plant is implemented to vacuumize through vacuum orifice 8 with by the space that bottom pumping type sandbox and separation layer 3 are formed, and set the vibratory process parameter and be: vibration frequency 50 Hz, amplitude are that 4.0 mm, vibration acceleration are that 15 g, direction of vibration are vertical direction.With A356 Al-alloy metal liquid 7; Fusing, refining, static and reach pouring temperature after pour in the ceramic shell; Start shake table rapidly, treat to close shake table and vacuum plant after foundry goods all solidifies, can obtain the A356 aluminium alloy castings after the cleaning of unpacking; Foundry goods tensile strength and percentage elongation more do not improve 13-20% and 18-25% under the vibration condition respectively, reach 180-195 MPa and 3-5% respectively.
Embodiment 3:
Casting pig disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting
(1) preparation foam plastics mould, foam mould dipping coating, stucco is afterwards as above operated 3 times after to be dried repeatedly, forms 3 layers of ceramic shell on foam mould surface;
(2) ceramic shell 6 is after losing foam plastics mould and roasting; Put into bottom pumping type sandbox 4, the bottom pumping type sandbox is connected through hold-down screw 2 with shake table, in the bottom pumping type sandbox, fills the dried mound sand 5 that looses then; Loose dry sand behind shake table 1 vibration ramming; Close shake table, sandbox top covers layer of plastic film 9, and it is to be poured that cup is placed on sandbox top afterwards;
(3) open vacuum device and shake table; Described vacuum plant is implemented to vacuumize through vacuum orifice 8 with by the space that bottom pumping type sandbox and separation layer 3 are formed, and set the vibratory process parameter and be: vibration frequency 100 Hz, amplitude are that 0.8 mm, vibration acceleration are that 16 g, direction of vibration are vertical direction.With gray iron metal liquid 7 the fusing, static and reach pouring temperature after pour in the ceramic shell; Start shake table rapidly; Treat to close shake table and vacuum plant after foundry goods all solidifies; Can obtain castings of gray cast iron after the unpacking cleaning, foundry goods tensile strength and hardness more improve 15-20% and 18-22% under the vibration condition respectively.
Embodiment 4:
Mild steel part disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting
(1) preparation foam plastics mould, foam mould dipping coating, stucco is afterwards as above operated 3 times after to be dried repeatedly, forms 3 layers of ceramic shell on foam mould surface;
(2) ceramic shell 6 is after losing foam plastics mould and roasting; Put into bottom pumping type sandbox 4, the bottom pumping type sandbox is connected through hold-down screw 2 with shake table, in the bottom pumping type sandbox, fills the dried mound sand 5 that looses then; Loose dry sand behind shake table 1 vibration ramming; Close shake table, sandbox top covers layer of plastic film 9, and it is to be poured that cup is placed on sandbox top afterwards;
(3) open vacuum device and shake table; Described vacuum plant is implemented to vacuumize through vacuum orifice 8 with by the space that bottom pumping type sandbox and separation layer 3 are formed; Setting the vibratory process parameter is: vibration frequency 500 Hz, amplitude are that 0.04 mm, vibration acceleration are that 15 g, direction of vibration are vertical direction, with 7 fusings of mild steel molten metal, static and reach pouring temperature after pour in the ceramic shell.Treat to close shake table and vacuum plant after foundry goods all solidifies, can obtain the mild steel foundry goods after the cleaning of unpacking, there is not the carburetting defective in foundry goods, and foundry goods tensile strength and hardness vibration condition raising 12-18% and 15-20% down more respectively.
Claims (4)
1. based on the disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting method of foam mould, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) at first make foam mould, foam mould dipping coating, stucco is above that afterwards carried out above operation 2-3 time repeatedly after to be dried, thereby is obtained the foam mould that the surface has the layer 2-3 ceramic shell;
2) foam mould that step 1) gained surface is had the layer 2-3 ceramic shell is put into the bottom pumping type sandbox after losing foam mould and roasting, the bottom pumping type sandbox is connected through hold-down screw with shake table; In the bottom pumping type sandbox, fill the diffusing dry sand of moulding then, the dry sand that will loose is closed shake table after carrying out vibration ramming through shake table, and covers layer of plastic film on bottom pumping type sandbox top, and place cup afterwards on bottom pumping type sandbox top to be poured;
3) open vacuum device and shake table inject ceramic shell with molten metal through cup, and it is solidified under vibration, treat to close shake table and vacuum plant after molten metal all is frozen into foundry goods, can obtain the high-performance foundry goods after the cleaning of unpacking.
2. the disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting method based on foam mould as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the diffusing dry sand of moulding is mound sand or silica sand.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 the disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting method based on foam mould is characterized in that the direction of vibration of shake table is horizontal direction or vertical direction.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 disappearance formwork mold casting vibration clotting method based on foam mould, the vibration frequency that it is characterized in that shake table is 25-500Hz, and amplitude is 0.04-4 mm, and acceleration is 2-16 g.
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| CN2012102468943A CN102744367A (en) | 2012-07-17 | 2012-07-17 | Lost foam-shell mold casting vibration and solidification method based on foam mold |
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| CN2012102468943A CN102744367A (en) | 2012-07-17 | 2012-07-17 | Lost foam-shell mold casting vibration and solidification method based on foam mold |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103008544A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-04-03 | 华中科技大学 | Bi-metal bent pipe manufacturing process based on evaporative pattern casting and vibration pouring |
| CN103273007A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-09-04 | 重庆汉华汽车零部件制造有限公司 | Casting technique of V12-type engine cylinder block |
| CN103990760A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-20 | 重庆汉华汽车零部件制造有限公司 | Lost foam casting process of aluminum alloy cylinder body or cylinder cover |
| CN104014748A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-03 | 南京工程学院 | Method for preparing overall shell mold by utilizing vaporizing combustion of mold shell roasting pattern |
| CN105710303A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-06-29 | 北京昌航精铸技术有限公司 | Vacuum vibration precise casting device and method of high-temperature alloy |
| CN107282888A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-24 | 苏州市鑫渭阀门有限公司 | The sand mould casting method of high-precision rod failure ball valve core |
| CN107812925A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-03-20 | 安徽应流航源动力科技有限公司 | A kind of device for improving vacuum pouring casting crystalline grain degree |
| CN113894271A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-01-07 | 河北瑞欧智能装备有限公司 | Method for refining crystal grains and increasing metal density by using suspension oscillation shear and breaking force |
| CN113909438A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-01-11 | 汤阴县腾龙合金精铸有限公司 | Combined process method for precisely forming shell mold |
| CN115090835A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-23 | 曹涛 | Precise casting process of hardware casting |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103008544A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-04-03 | 华中科技大学 | Bi-metal bent pipe manufacturing process based on evaporative pattern casting and vibration pouring |
| CN103273007A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-09-04 | 重庆汉华汽车零部件制造有限公司 | Casting technique of V12-type engine cylinder block |
| CN103990760A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-20 | 重庆汉华汽车零部件制造有限公司 | Lost foam casting process of aluminum alloy cylinder body or cylinder cover |
| CN104014748A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-03 | 南京工程学院 | Method for preparing overall shell mold by utilizing vaporizing combustion of mold shell roasting pattern |
| CN105710303A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-06-29 | 北京昌航精铸技术有限公司 | Vacuum vibration precise casting device and method of high-temperature alloy |
| CN107282888A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-24 | 苏州市鑫渭阀门有限公司 | The sand mould casting method of high-precision rod failure ball valve core |
| CN107812925A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-03-20 | 安徽应流航源动力科技有限公司 | A kind of device for improving vacuum pouring casting crystalline grain degree |
| CN113894271A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-01-07 | 河北瑞欧智能装备有限公司 | Method for refining crystal grains and increasing metal density by using suspension oscillation shear and breaking force |
| CN113909438A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-01-11 | 汤阴县腾龙合金精铸有限公司 | Combined process method for precisely forming shell mold |
| CN115090835A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-23 | 曹涛 | Precise casting process of hardware casting |
| CN115090835B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-29 | 繁峙县志高矿山机械有限责任公司 | Precise casting process of hardware castings |
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Application publication date: 20121024 |