CN105817346A - Solid-liquid separation device used for soil body - Google Patents
Solid-liquid separation device used for soil body Download PDFInfo
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- CN105817346A CN105817346A CN201610286562.6A CN201610286562A CN105817346A CN 105817346 A CN105817346 A CN 105817346A CN 201610286562 A CN201610286562 A CN 201610286562A CN 105817346 A CN105817346 A CN 105817346A
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- soil
- soil body
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- water
- centrifugal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
Abstract
The invention provides a solid-liquid separation device used for a soil body based on the centrifugal principle. By means of the principle that the soil body moves in the centrifugal action direction through the solid-liquid separation device under the centrifugal action, zones are arranged in the device, permeable stone is used for blocking the centrifugal movement direction of soil particles, and therefore moisture in the soil body is separated out. The solid-liquid separation device used for the soil body is composed of a soil sample containing part and a water storing part which are in screw connection through a thread. The solid-liquid separation device used for the soil body and provided with a soil sample is connected with a centrifugal machine, and the centrifugal machine is started, so that under the centrifugal action, only the moisture in the soil body penetrates the permeable stone to enter the water storing area, and drainage amount of the soil body under the centrifugal action can be obtained by calculating the water amount in the water storing area. By means of the device, liquid water in soil can be separated, and meanwhile the device can be used for testing drainage consolidation of the soil body. The solid-liquid separation device has the beneficial effects that testing is visual, a metering method is definite, the structure is reasonable, operation is easy and convenient, and the cost is low, and a basis is provided for studying the drainage consolidation process of the soil body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the soil water content measuring field of Geotechnical Engineering, can be used for the monitoring of displacement under soil solidifying effect, and the equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body of unfrozen water content monitoring in frozen soil.
Background technology
Soil is made up of the water in solid particle and inter-granular porosity and gas, be heterogeneous, dispersion, the system of porous.Water is often present in soil with state in different forms, and interacts with grogs；Soil water is divided into the Free water combined in water and hole, especially with the Free water of liquid in hole, the engineering properties of the soil body is affected maximum.In room temperature soil body work progress, determine the free water content of liquid in soil, assessment soil body difficulty of construction and prediction soil strength are had important value.During Metro Connection Passage construction freezing method, determining unfrozen water content in frozen soil, safety and feasibility to construction are respectively provided with important value.
Oven drying method can record overall moisture content in the room temperature soil body, comprises part weak binding water and steam, the free water content of non-liquid.Determine in frozen soil there be based on analyzing time-temperature change curve in frozen soil frozen-thaw process unfrozen water content, thus inquire into unfrozen water content characteristic curve in frozen-thaw process, and then predict the indirect mode of each time point unfrozen water content；Also there is direct test mode based on nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR test system.Owing to the cooperation when grain structure of the soil body is different from form, certainly exist difference with the unfrozen water content characteristic curve that a certain soil is derived with the corresponding of the concrete soil body；Nuclear magnetic resonance device test is relatively costly due to it, and operation easier is big, promotes difficulty very big.Determine in soil free water content and determine in frozen soil that to engineering construction and to prevent and reduce natural disasters be very important to unfrozen water content.
At present, water content field tests existing problems in the soil body: the device that the centrifuge of routine is subsidiary can only consolidate soil sample and solid-liquid boundary, it is impossible to carries out solid-liquid separation.Oven drying method can only record the free water content of overall moisture content non-liquid, and oven drying method is difficult to the Free water effectively weighing liquid to soil strength and the impact of deformation.In the frozen soil recorded in an indirect way, the theoretical value of unfrozen water content is inevitable exists difference with actual value；Nuclear magnetic resonance device test mode is high due to its cost, and operation easier is big, is difficult to promote the use of.Thus, in the urgent need to a kind of succinct, practicality and intuitively for separating the device of soil water, this kind of device possesses realistic meaning to the deformation in solution Geotechnical Engineering with strength problem.
Summary of the invention
Mesh of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body, it is achieved in the soil body Liquid water content directly test, and this invention must possess easy and simple to handle, principle is distinct, calculate the features such as convenient, in order to the determination of Liquid water content in the soil body.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body based on centrifugal principle, wherein: this device includes the soil sample placement part by screw thread twist-on and water part, described soil sample placement part includes equipment for separating liquid from solid lid, soil sample rest area, soil sample rest area be bottom be the open column shape body of circular hollow weir, equipment for separating liquid from solid lid and soil sample rest area port are connected to form one, being bonded with permeable rock layers on the bottom baffle of soil sample rest area, described water part is water district.
The effect of the present invention is that this device possesses that test is directly perceived, computational methods are clear and definite, easy and simple to handle, lower-price characteristic, and the Liquid water content for understanding inside soil body provides a kind of convenient means.If the infiltration coefficient of permeable rock layers is k, then under the effect of centrifugal action ω, cross-sectional area be the displacement under the action of the centrifugal of the equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body of A be ω2rkA/961576.36.Displacement and original soil sample mass ratio are the Tu Shui ratio of the soil body, utilize Tu Shui than the difficulty of construction that can assess the soil body and prediction soil strength, and then the safety of effective guarantee construction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the present invention equipment for separating liquid from solid design sketch for the soil body；
Fig. 2 is the present invention soil sample placement part side-looking design sketch for the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the soil body；
Fig. 3 is the present invention water part side-looking design sketch for the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the soil body；
Fig. 4 is the present invention soil sample placement part top view for the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the soil body；
Fig. 5 is the present invention water top partial view diagram for the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the soil body；
Fig. 6 is centrifuge schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the solid-liquid separation curve of certain soil sample under different parameter of noncentricity.
In figure:
1. the permeable rock layers 4. in equipment for separating liquid from solid lid 2. soil sample rest area 3. screw thread
4-1. convex thread 4-2. recessed screw thread 5. water district 6. equipment for separating liquid from solid wall
7. baffle plate 8. centrifuge operations cover plate 9. centrifuge resettlement groove is installed
10. Centrifugal Machine Control panel 11. centrifuge power and speed change gear 12. centrifuge power line
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with accompanying drawing, the equipment for separating liquid from solid structure for the soil body of the present invention is illustrated.
The equipment for separating liquid from solid design principle for the soil body of the present invention: by the overall principle to the motion of centrifugal action direction of the soil body under the action of the centrifugal of the equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body, subregion is being set in the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the soil body and is blocking the centrifugal motion direction of soil particle with permeable stone, and then isolating the moisture in the soil body.
The equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body of the present invention, this device includes the soil sample placement part by screw thread twist-on and water part, described soil sample placement part includes equipment for separating liquid from solid lid 1, soil sample rest area 2, soil sample rest area 2 is open column shape body that bottom is circular hollow weir, equipment for separating liquid from solid lid 1 and soil sample rest area 2 port are connected to form one, being bonded with permeable rock layers 3 on the bottom baffle of soil sample rest area 2, described water part is water district 5.
The equipment for separating liquid from solid detailed description of the invention for the soil body of the present invention is as follows:
First, equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body, this device includes the soil sample placement part by screw thread 4 twist-on and water part, described soil sample placement part includes equipment for separating liquid from solid lid 1, soil sample rest area 2, soil sample rest area 2 is open column shape body that bottom is circular installation baffle plate 7, equipment for separating liquid from solid lid 1 and soil sample rest area 2 port are connected to form one, it is bonding firmly that permeable rock layers 3 installs baffle plate 7 with soil sample rest area 2 inner bottom part, space between equipment for separating liquid from solid wall 6 and permeable rock layers 3 is filled by sealed colloid, soil sample rest area 2 bottom port have convex thread 4-1 for water district twist-on, the side view of soil sample placement part molding effect and top view are respectively such as Fig. 2, shown in Fig. 4.Described water part is water district 5, and water district 5 upper port has recessed screw thread 4-2 to be arranged at inside equipment for separating liquid from solid wall 6, in order to soil sample placement part twist-on, the side view of water part molding effect and top view are respectively as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5.For the soil body equipment for separating liquid from solid soil sample placement part and water part assembling effect as shown in Figure 1.
Second, for the use of the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the soil body, as shown in Figure 6, the equipment for separating liquid from solid being used for the soil body of band soil sample is put into centrifuge resettlement groove 9, close centrifuge operations cover plate 8；Connecting centrifuge power line 12 and check centrifuge power and the ruuning situation of speed change gear 11, after having checked, operation Centrifugal Machine Control panel 10 starts centrifuge, and after centrifugal action completes, the water part i.e. water quality in water district 5 is Liquid water content in the soil body.
The equipment for separating liquid from solid function for the soil body of the present invention is derived as follows:
Under centrifugal action shown in the computing formula such as formula (1) of the suffered centrifugal force F of certain water microgranule
F=m ω2r(1)
In formula (1), m is the quality of certain water microgranule in soil；ω refers to the angular velocity (rad/s) of the circular motion of the equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body；R refers to centrifuge rotating shaft and the distance (cm) of certain water microgranule in the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the soil body；
Relative centrifugal force(RCF) Frc
Frc=F/W=m ω2R/mg=ω2r/g(2)
In formula (2), g is acceleration of gravity, takes g=980.6cm/s2；M is the quality (g) of certain water microgranule in soil；ω refers to the angular velocity (rad/s) of the circular motion of the equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body；R refers to centrifuge rotating shaft and the distance (cm) of certain water microgranule in the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the soil body；
According to soil body drainage situation under the action of the centrifugal, try to achieve the displacement Q in the equivalent head soil under action body of relative centrifugal force(RCF) according to Darcy's law
In formula (3), k is permeable stone infiltration coefficient (cm/s)；H is permeable stone thickness (cm)；△ H is the head height of centrifugal force F equivalence；A is the internal diameter area (cm of the equipment for separating liquid from solid cross section for the soil body2)；Wherein shown in the calculating of △ H such as formula (4)
In formula (4), ρ is the density of water, takes ρ=1.0g/cm3, g is acceleration of gravity, takes g=980.6cm/s2.Taking permeable stone layer thickness is 1.0cm, then bring formula (1) and formula (2), formula (4) into formula (3), obtain the displacement in the soil body and see formula (5)
Under different centrifugal actions, soil water discharge capacity is shown in Table 1.Owing to soil water self produces the motion to centrifugal action direction under high potential energy, therefore do not consider the impact of inside soil body infiltration coefficient.Actual displacement is only limitted to the free water content in the soil body, does not include combining in soil water；Displacement in the soil body not persistently increases along with the increase of parameter of noncentricity ω, after the Free water in the soil body has been discharged under the action of the centrifugal, continues to increase parameter of noncentricity ω, and in the soil body, displacement is not increasing.
Soil water discharge capacity under the different parameter of noncentricity of table 1
Note: the radius of r object circular motion；
K is permeable stone infiltration coefficient；
A is for the internal diameter area of the equipment for separating liquid from solid cross section of the soil body.
Embodiment: certain initial aqueous rate be 23.11% soil sample under the action of the centrifugal its displacement of each time point under different parameter of noncentricity (taking t=3min) effects is monitored according to this device, recording effect and be shown in Table 2, certain soil body solid-liquid separation curve under different parameter of noncentricity is as shown in Figure 7.
Certain soil body solid-liquid separation situation under the different parameter of noncentricity of table 2
Note: before ti, the i moment isolates liquid gross mass.
As shown in Table 2, this soil sample is under initial centrifugation effect after 10000r/min operation 3min, and in the soil body, displacement is bigger；Soil sample is under the centrifugal action carried out successively, and displacement increasess slowly；Starting to the 6th centrifugal action, in the soil body, displacement is not further added by；To the 8th soil sample, displacement is not increasing, then the displacement under the free water content of this soil sample liquid is the 8th centrifugal action.
The feature of this device is that test is directly perceived, computational methods are clear and definite, it is reasonable, easy and simple to handle, cheap to construct, it is simple to the determination of soil body Liquid water content in engineering.Research for soil body discharging consolidation process provides foundation, and the Liquid water content for understanding inside soil body provides a kind of convenient means.
The foregoing is only and combine this manufacturing process and illustrate, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various change and change, such as changes this device appearance size, conversion material therefor etc..All according to the present invention this class device is carried out subregion reach solid-liquid separation spirit and principle within, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the equipment for separating liquid from solid for the soil body, it is characterized in that: this device includes the soil sample placement part by screw thread twist-on and water part, described soil sample placement part includes equipment for separating liquid from solid lid (1), soil sample rest area (2), soil sample rest area (2) be bottom be the open column shape body of circular hollow weir, equipment for separating liquid from solid lid (1) and soil sample rest area (2) port are connected to form one, being bonded with permeable rock layers (3) on soil sample rest area (2) bottom baffle, described water part is water district (5).
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| CN2016100478493 | 2016-01-25 | ||
| CN201610047849 | 2016-01-25 |
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| CN105817346A true CN105817346A (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111203329A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-29 | 杨炳军 | Liquid cell partial shipment centrifugal equipment |
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| CN2096761U (en) * | 1991-03-21 | 1992-02-19 | 韩建礼 | Gradient seperating test tube |
| CN2803509Y (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-08-09 | 徐定邦 | Test-tube preset with two kinds of reaction liquid |
| CN201841020U (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-05-25 | 徐海苗 | Filtering type moulding centrifugal tube for manufacturing cell wax block |
| CN203060928U (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-07-17 | 四会市邦得利化工有限公司 | Novel solid-liquid separating device |
| CN103344566A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-09 | 胡颖 | Cuvette for facilitating rapid detection of harmful substances in food |
| CN203264748U (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-11-06 | 中国热带农业科学院分析测试中心 | Filter cover of soil sample effective state analysis centrifugal tube |
| CN204027900U (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-17 | 石河子大学 | A kind of Combined centrifuge tube for extracting soil stoste |
| CN204625651U (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-09-09 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | The special waste liquid cylinder of Cell Culture Lab operator's console |
| CN205628319U (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-10-12 | 天津城建大学 | A solid -liquid separation equipment for soil body |
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2016
- 2016-05-03 CN CN201610286562.6A patent/CN105817346A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2096761U (en) * | 1991-03-21 | 1992-02-19 | 韩建礼 | Gradient seperating test tube |
| CN2803509Y (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-08-09 | 徐定邦 | Test-tube preset with two kinds of reaction liquid |
| CN201841020U (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-05-25 | 徐海苗 | Filtering type moulding centrifugal tube for manufacturing cell wax block |
| CN203060928U (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-07-17 | 四会市邦得利化工有限公司 | Novel solid-liquid separating device |
| CN203264748U (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-11-06 | 中国热带农业科学院分析测试中心 | Filter cover of soil sample effective state analysis centrifugal tube |
| CN103344566A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-09 | 胡颖 | Cuvette for facilitating rapid detection of harmful substances in food |
| CN204027900U (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2014-12-17 | 石河子大学 | A kind of Combined centrifuge tube for extracting soil stoste |
| CN204625651U (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-09-09 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | The special waste liquid cylinder of Cell Culture Lab operator's console |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111203329A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-29 | 杨炳军 | Liquid cell partial shipment centrifugal equipment |
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Application publication date: 20160803 |