CN103852347B - The sampling method of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling and sampler - Google Patents
The sampling method of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling and sampler Download PDFInfo
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- CN103852347B CN103852347B CN201410049473.0A CN201410049473A CN103852347B CN 103852347 B CN103852347 B CN 103852347B CN 201410049473 A CN201410049473 A CN 201410049473A CN 103852347 B CN103852347 B CN 103852347B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the sampling method of a kind of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling, relates to ecological environment field.Mainly comprise the steps that the degree of depth determining institute's water sampling, calculate the hydraulic pressure of water intaking depth；According to the water pressure calculated, determine the film thickness required for this water intaking depth by hydraulic pressure film destruction thickness relationship；Check the sealing of water fetching device；Choose the thin film of corresponding thickness, smooth installation thin film；Pull rope is connected with device for fetching water；Slowly being put by device for fetching water to setting the depth of water, when reaching desired depth, put on the water pressure on thin film and reach the force value of film destruction, thin film will be punctured by thimble, and the water sample of this degree of depth, by entrance water intaking surge chamber, then enters sample storage room by filter funnel；Water sample is taked complete, and sampler is pulled out the water surface.The present invention need not the complicated auxiliary equipment such as motor and controls, it is possible to automatically take the water sample of set depth, has simple in construction, the operable advantage such as practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological environment field, be a kind of method of certain depth water sampling in deep water.
Background technology
Along with our life is affected increasing by ocean, lake and reservoir, the chemical composition of water body and grinding of content
Study carefully the sustainable development concerning ecological environment and the mankind, and the research in terms of these is all from obtaining what water sample started, so water sample
Collection particularly important.The most practical method is little, and widely used device for fetching water sealing is poor, and impurity is the most more, very
Difficulty meets the demand of existing research.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved, is for the defect in aforementioned background art and deficiency, it is provided that Yi Zhongchao
The membrane process of deep underwater fixed depth sampling, the membrane process of a kind of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth that the present invention relates to sampling and assay device are not only
The water sample of the energy concrete degree of depth of accurate acquisition, and water body can be filtered.Solve current device for fetching water sealing poor, impurity
The most more, it is difficult to meet the realistic problem of existing Research Requirements.
The sampling method of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling, according to the degree of depth of setting water sampling, calculates the hydraulic pressure at water sampling,
There is on harvester intake, be provided with at intake and necessarily press shedding motion, when, before set depth, water fetching device is fetched water
Hydraulic pressure at Kou is not up to the force value set, and described level pressure shedding motion is failure to actuate, and described intake keeps sealing state；When
When water fetching device reaches desired depth, at intake, pressure value reaches the preset pressure value of level pressure shedding motion, described fixed
Pressure shedding motion is opened at intake, and water sample is entered in sampler by described intake.
Described level pressure shedding motion is diaphragm seal device, according to the material behavior of thin film, calculates corresponding hydraulic pressure and puts on
The film thickness punctured by thimble time on thin film, under this thickness, before harvester reaches set depth, thin film will not be by thimble
Puncturing, harvester keeps sealing state, and when reaching desired depth, the thimble under thin film will under the effect of water pressure on thin film
Thin film bursting, the water sample of set depth enters water sampler.
The sampler of described ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling sampling method, including the locker room being positioned at bottom sampler,
Store for water sample；
It is positioned at the surge chamber of sampler medium position, enters the speed of locker room for controlling water sample；
It is positioned at the pull rope of sampler upper position, for the vertical lift of water sample acquisition device；
Diaphragm seal device it is provided with, including thin film cover plate, weight plates, thin film and top between described surge chamber and pull rope
Pin, thin film cover plate is used for fixing thin film, and its lower surface and corresponding weight plates upper surface are all made and had the thick of frictional force
Matte, both are fixed by fixing bolt, and film-clamp between, will not be slided because of the existence of water pressure；Thin film according to
The size of water pressure at set depth and select different thickness, a certain specific thicknesses, only water sampler are reached to set
Depthkeeping degree, puts on the water pressure on thin film when reaching setting value, and thin film can be punctured by the thimble of bottom.
Separate with the filter funnel of inlet opening by one between described surge chamber and locker room.
Described locker room is a cylindrical drum.
The sampling method of described sampler, comprises the following steps:
The first step, determine the degree of depth of institute's water sampling, calculate the hydraulic pressure of water intaking depth, wherein h is the depth of water；
The water pressure that second step, foundation calculate, determines the depth of this water sampling by hydraulic pressure-film destruction thickness relationship
The thickness of required thin film；
3rd step, the sealing of censored sample device, it is ensured that sampler is water-tight；
4th step, choose the thin film of corresponding thickness, thin film cover plate is unloaded, smooth installation thin film, then will with bolt
Thin film cover plate is fixed in weight plates；
5th step, pull rope is connected with device for fetching water；
6th step, device for fetching water is slowly put to set the depth of water, when reaching desired depth, put on the water pressure on thin film
Reaching the force value of film destruction, thin film will be punctured by thimble, and the water sample of this degree of depth will enter surge chamber, then be leaked by filtration
Bucket enters locker room；
7th step, reach certain time after, water sample is taked complete, and sampler is pulled out the water surface.
In described second step, the thickness of thin film determines according to the strength test that punctures of geotextile, including following step
Rapid: a, to puncture strength-testing machine annular holder by what the film sample setting thickness put into geotextile, naturally set level, tighten
Fixture；B, fixture is placed on pressue device, and centering, speed that top thorn speed is sunk in water according to water fetching device and set
Fixed；C, start, the maximum pressure value during the thorn of record top；D, the thickness of change thin film repeat step a to be tried to step c
Test；E, can to obtain water outlet pressure-film destruction thickness relationship according to maximum pressure value corresponding under different thickness and each thickness bent
Line.
The invention have the advantages that scientific structure design is reasonable, difference can be obtained by changing the thickness of thin film
The water sampling of depth；Surge chamber is set, it is possible to controls water sample and enters the speed of locker room, reaches to store room air and filled
Divide the effect discharged；Filter funnel is set between surge chamber and locker room, it is possible to filter the impurity gathering water sample, it is possible to ensure
Gather the quality of water sample.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the assay device structure chart of the present invention；
Wherein, 1, pull rope；2, thin film cover plate；3, weight plates；4, thin film；5, thimble；6, the filtration with inlet opening is leaked
Bucket；7, surge chamber；8, locker room.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in detail.
The sampling method of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling, according to the degree of depth of setting water sampling, calculates the hydraulic pressure at water sampling,
There is on harvester intake, be provided with at intake and necessarily press shedding motion, when, before set depth, water fetching device is fetched water
Hydraulic pressure at Kou is not up to the force value set, and described level pressure shedding motion is failure to actuate, and described intake keeps sealing state；When
When water fetching device reaches desired depth, at intake, pressure value reaches the preset pressure value of level pressure shedding motion, described fixed
Pressure shedding motion is opened at intake, and water sample is entered in sampler by described intake.
A kind of embodiment according to the method described above, described level pressure shedding motion uses diaphragm seal device, according to thin film
Material behavior, calculates the film thickness punctured by thimble when corresponding hydraulic pressure puts on thin film, and under this thickness, harvester reaches
Before set depth, thin film will not be punctured by thimble, and harvester keeps sealing state, when reaching desired depth, under thin film
Thimble on thin film under the effect of water pressure by thin film bursting, the water sample of set depth enters water sampler.
A kind of sampler with described diaphragm seal device, including the locker room being positioned at bottom sampler, is used for
Water sample stores；
It is positioned at the surge chamber of sampler medium position, enters the speed of locker room for controlling water sample；
It is positioned at the pull rope of sampler upper position, for the vertical lift of water sample acquisition device；
Diaphragm seal device it is provided with, including thin film cover plate, weight plates, thin film and top between described surge chamber and pull rope
Pin, thin film cover plate is used for fixing thin film, and its lower surface and corresponding weight plates upper surface are all made and had the thick of frictional force
Matte, both are fixed by fixing bolt, and film-clamp between, will not be slided because of the existence of water pressure；Thin film according to
The size of water pressure at set depth and select different thickness, a certain specific thicknesses, only water sampler are reached to set
Depthkeeping degree, puts on the water pressure on thin film when reaching setting value, and thin film can be punctured by the thimble of bottom.
Separate with the filter funnel of inlet opening by one between described surge chamber and locker room.
Described locker room is a cylindrical drum.
The sampling method of described sampler, comprises the following steps:
The first step, determine the degree of depth of institute's water sampling, calculate the hydraulic pressure of water intaking depth, wherein h is the depth of water；
The water pressure that second step, foundation calculate, determines the depth of this water sampling by hydraulic pressure-film destruction thickness relationship
The thickness of required thin film；
3rd step, the sealing of censored sample device, it is ensured that sampler is water-tight；
4th step, choose the thin film of corresponding thickness, thin film cover plate is unloaded, smooth installation thin film, then will with bolt
Thin film cover plate is fixed in weight plates；
5th step, pull rope is connected with device for fetching water；
6th step, device for fetching water is slowly put to set the depth of water, when reaching desired depth, put on the water pressure on thin film
Reaching the force value of film destruction, thin film will be punctured by thimble, and the water sample of this degree of depth, by entrance water intaking surge chamber, then passed through
Filter funnel enters locker room；
7th step, reach certain time after, water sample is taked complete, and sampler is pulled out the water surface.
In described second step, the thickness of thin film determines according to the strength test that punctures of geotextile, including following step
Rapid: a, to puncture strength-testing machine annular holder by what the film sample setting thickness put into geotextile, naturally set level, tighten
Fixture；B, fixture is placed on pressue device, and centering, speed that top thorn speed is sunk in water according to water fetching device and set
Fixed；C, start, the maximum pressure value during the thorn of record top；D, the thickness of change thin film repeat step a to be tried to step c
Test；E, can to obtain water outlet pressure-film destruction thickness relationship according to maximum pressure value corresponding under different thickness and each thickness bent
Line.
The invention have the advantages that scientific structure design is reasonable, difference can be obtained by changing the thickness of thin film
The water sampling of depth；Surge chamber is set, it is possible to controls water sample and enters the speed of locker room, reaches to store room air and filled
Divide the effect discharged；Filter funnel is set between surge chamber and locker room, it is possible to filter the impurity gathering water sample, it is possible to ensure
Gather the quality of water sample.
Claims (6)
1. the sampling method of a ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling, it is characterised in that according to the degree of depth of setting water sampling, calculate water sample
Hydraulic pressure at collection, harvester has intake, is provided with and necessarily presses shedding motion at intake, when to set depth it
Before, the hydraulic pressure at water fetching device intake is not up to the force value set, and described level pressure shedding motion is failure to actuate, described intake
Keep sealing state；When water fetching device reaches desired depth, at intake, pressure value reaches the pre-of level pressure shedding motion
If force value, described level pressure shedding motion is opened at intake, and water sample is entered in sampler by described intake；Described fixed
Pressure shedding motion is diaphragm seal device, according to the material behavior of thin film, calculates when corresponding hydraulic pressure puts on thin film by thimble
The film thickness punctured, under this thickness, before harvester reaches set depth, thin film will not be punctured by thimble, and harvester is protected
Hold sealing state, when reaching desired depth, the thimble under thin film on thin film under the effect of water pressure by thin film bursting, set
The water sample of the degree of depth enters water sampler.
2. the sampler of the sampling method of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that include position
Locker room bottom sampler, stores for water sample；
It is positioned at the surge chamber of sampler medium position, enters the speed of locker room for controlling water sample；
It is positioned at the pull rope of sampler upper position, for the vertical lift of water sample acquisition device；
Diaphragm seal device it is provided with, including thin film cover plate (2), weight plates (3), thin film between described surge chamber and pull rope
(4) and thimble (5), it is equal that thin film cover plate (2) is used for fixing thin film (4), its lower surface and corresponding weight plates (3) upper surface
Making the matsurface with frictional force, both are fixed by fixing bolt, and thin film (4) is clipped between the two, will not be because of water pressure
Existence and slide；Thin film (4) selects different thickness, for a certain specific thickness according to the size of water pressure at set depth
Degree, only water sampler reaches set depth, puts on the water pressure on thin film (4) when reaching setting value, thin film (4) ability
Enough punctured by the thimble (5) of bottom.
The sampler of the sampling method of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth the most according to claim 2 sampling, it is characterised in that described
Separate with the filter funnel (6) of inlet opening by one between surge chamber and locker room.
The sampler of the sampling method of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth the most according to claim 2 sampling, it is characterised in that described
Locker room is a cylindrical drum.
5. use the sampling method of sampler described in claim 3, comprise the following steps:
The first step, determine the degree of depth of institute's water sampling, calculate the hydraulic pressure of water intaking depth, whereinFor water sampling
Density,For acceleration of gravity,The degree of depth for water sampling；
The water pressure that second step, foundation calculate, needed for determining the depth of this water sampling by hydraulic pressure-film destruction thickness relationship
The thickness of the thin film (4) wanted；
3rd step, the sealing of censored sample device, it is ensured that sampler is water-tight；
4th step, choose the thin film (4) of corresponding thickness, thin film cover plate (2) is unloaded, smooth installation thin film (4), then use spiral shell
Thin film cover plate (2) is fixed in weight plates (3) by bolt；
5th step, pull rope (1) is connected with device for fetching water；
6th step, device for fetching water is slowly put to set the depth of water, when reaching desired depth, the water pressure put on thin film reaches
The force value of film destruction, thin film (4) will be punctured by thimble (5), and the water sample of this degree of depth will enter surge chamber (7), then pass through
Filter funnel (6) enters locker room (8)；
7th step, reach certain time after, water sample is taked complete, and sampler is pulled out the water surface.
Sampling method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in described second step, the thickness of thin film (4) is according to geotechnique
The strength test that punctures of fabric determines, including following step: a, the film sample setting thickness is put into geotextile
Puncture in strength-testing machine annular holder, naturally set level, tighten fixture；B, fixture is placed on pressue device, and centering, top thorn
Speed that speed is sunk in water according to water fetching device and set；C, start, the maximum pressure value during the thorn of record top；D, change
The thickness of variation film repeats step a to be tested to step c；E, according to maximum pressure corresponding under different thickness and each thickness
Value can obtain water outlet pressure-film destruction thickness relationship curve.
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| CN201410049473.0A CN103852347B (en) | 2014-02-13 | 2014-02-13 | The sampling method of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling and sampler |
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| CN201410049473.0A CN103852347B (en) | 2014-02-13 | 2014-02-13 | The sampling method of ultra-deep underwater fixed depth sampling and sampler |
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| CN103852347B true CN103852347B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106017985A (en) * | 2016-05-07 | 2016-10-12 | 国家海洋局北海环境监测中心 | Sampler for oil spilling sea area |
| CN107796664B (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2020-05-19 | 苏州水环岩土科技有限公司 | Device for collecting trace fluid at fixed depth and collection method thereof |
| CN107727447A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-02-23 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | It is a kind of can arbitrarily Depth Stratification water intaking device and its method for fetching water |
| CN109060424B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-01-15 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Method for monitoring concentration of suspended matters in construction sea area by utilizing sampling device |
| CN109883402A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江星天海洋科学技术有限公司 | Enter water from shedding mechanism and its water-soluble bottom cover and water-soluble connector processing method |
| CN110104191B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2024-03-26 | 浙江省舟山中学 | Unmanned aerial vehicle-based underwater water sample automatic acquisition device |
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