CN105816639A - 一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂 - Google Patents

一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂 Download PDF

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CN105816639A
CN105816639A CN201610256406.5A CN201610256406A CN105816639A CN 105816639 A CN105816639 A CN 105816639A CN 201610256406 A CN201610256406 A CN 201610256406A CN 105816639 A CN105816639 A CN 105816639A
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孙素玲
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Guzhen Yimin Breeding Professional Cooperatives
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，各原料组分如下：地锦草8‑10份、大黄20‑28份、五倍子20‑30份、黄芩15‑25份、厚朴8‑15份、枳实8‑13份、知母2‑4份、苍术1‑3份、白术3‑8份、大青叶6‑7份、胡黄连5‑7份、地骨皮5‑7份、黄柏7‑9份、白鲜皮3‑5份、堇菜6‑10份、绞股蓝8‑10份、凤尾草20‑30份、板蓝根15‑20份、鱼腥草15‑25份、蒲公英11‑19份；本发明的合理配伍能有效抑制分酶的分泌，药性破坏中华鳋的钩体组织，从而杀死中华鳋，同时该药剂具有消炎、消肿，促进鳃片组织伤口愈合，避免细菌感染，引起其他病发症，兼有预防烂鳃病的功效。

Description

一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂
技术领域
本发明涉及水产养殖技术领域，特别是涉及一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂。
背景技术
鳙鱼又叫花鲢、胖头鱼、包头鱼、大头鱼、黑鲢、麻鲢、也叫雄鱼。是淡水鱼的一种。有"水中清道夫"的雅称，是中国四大家鱼之一。外形似鲢鱼，体型侧扁。头部较大而且宽，口也很宽大，且稍微上翘。眼位比较低。鳙鱼生长在淡水湖泊、河流、水库、池塘里。多分布在水域的中上层。是中国特有鱼类。在中国分布范围很广。是池塘养殖及水库渔业的主要对象之一，经济价值较高。能食用，对人体有提高智商、增强记忆、补充营养、延缓衰老的作用。
中华鳋主要寄生在1龄以上鱼鳃上，虫体用钩钩破鳃组织，吸取营养，同时分泌一种酶，刺激鳃组织增生，使鳃丝末端肿胀发白或弯曲变形，不但影响鱼的呼吸，而且伤口易受细菌感染，引起鳃丝发炎，加重病情。
当有几十只大中华鳋寄生在鱼鳃上时，由于其强壮的第二触肢长期较深地插入鳃丝，造成机械损伤，影响鱼的正常呼吸，进而使鱼焦躁不安，且这些伤口易受细菌的感染，常引起鳃丝末端发炎、肿胀，甚至弯曲变形。中华鳋可引起患病的鳙整天在水表层打转或狂游，鱼的尾鳍上叶往往露出水面，最后致鱼体消瘦死亡。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，由如下原料：地锦草8-10份、大黄20-28份、五倍子20-30份、黄芩15-25份、厚朴8-15份、枳实8-13份、知母2-4份、苍术1-3份、白术3-8份、大青叶6-7份、胡黄连5-7份、地骨皮5-7份、黄柏7-9份、白鲜皮3-5份、堇菜6-10份、绞股蓝8-10份、凤尾草20-30份、板蓝根15-20份、鱼腥草15-25份、蒲公英11-19份、防风15-30份制成。
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，还包括如下原料组分：薤白12-18份、桂枝10-19份、白芍15-30份、泽泻15-30份、川芎10-20份、白芷10-20份。
进一步，所述的白术3-8份、白芍15-30份、白芷10-20份用500份醋浸泡30天经提取得相对密度为1.4的促进剂，抑制酶的分泌，促进伤口愈合。
进一步，所述地锦草8-10份、大黄20-28份、五倍子20-30份、黄芩15-25份、厚朴8-15份、枳实8-13份、知母2-4份、苍术1-3份、大青叶6-7份、胡黄连5-7份、地骨皮5-7份、黄柏7-9份、白鲜皮3-5份、堇菜6-10份、绞股蓝8-10份、凤尾草20-30份、板蓝根15-20份、鱼腥草15-25份、蒲公英11-19份、防风15-30份、：薤白12-18份、桂枝10-19份、泽泻15-30份、川芎10-20份按规定范围内的任意组份置于鱼塘中浸泡6-8小时，然后用4000-5000份水蒸煮至沸过滤所得含药物成分重量百分比为25%的药液，加入含药物成分重量百分比为25%的药液，加入经提取得相对密度为1.4的促进剂即为药剂，避免细菌感染，引起其他病发症，兼有预防烂鳃病的功效。
进一步，在所述各原料成分内任意组合物置于5000-8000份纯净水中真空浸泡时间不低于3周时间，过滤后得到药剂，用于稀释成160倍液进行全池喷洒。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的合理配伍能有效抑制酶的分泌，药性破坏中华鳋的钩体组织，从而杀死中华鳋，同时该药剂具有消炎、消肿，促进鳃片组织伤口愈合，避免细菌感染，引起其他病发症，兼有预防烂鳃病的功效，该药剂组合物作用为防大于治，并且具有鱼肥，食用味美，食用安全无害，用于病发期间，治愈率最高达95%，亦可每周投喂一次用于防治。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，各原料组分如下：地锦草8份、大黄20份、五倍子20份、黄芩15份、厚朴8份、枳实8份、知母2份、苍术1份、白术3份、大青叶6份、胡黄连5份、地骨皮5份、黄柏7份、白鲜皮3份、堇菜6份、绞股蓝8份、凤尾草20份、板蓝根15份、鱼腥草15份、蒲公英11份、防风15份。
实施例2
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，各原料组分如下：地锦草10份、大黄28份、五倍子30份、黄芩25份、厚朴15份、枳实13份、知母4份、苍术3份、白术8份、大青叶7份、胡黄连7份、地骨皮7份、黄柏9份、白鲜皮5份、堇菜10份、绞股蓝10份、凤尾草30份、板蓝根20份、鱼腥草25份、蒲公英19份、防风30份。
实施例3
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，各原料组分如下：地锦草9份、大黄24份、五倍子25份、黄芩20份、厚朴11份、枳实10份、知母3份、苍术2份、白术5份、大青叶6份、胡黄连6份、地骨皮6份、黄柏8份、白鲜皮4份、堇菜8份、绞股蓝9份、凤尾草25份、板蓝根18份、鱼腥草20份、蒲公英15份、防风23份。
实施例4
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，各原料组分如下：地锦草8份、大黄28份、五倍子30份、黄芩15份、厚朴8份、枳实10份、知母3份、苍术3份、白术8份、大青叶6份、胡黄连5份、地骨皮7份、黄柏7份、白鲜皮5份、堇菜6份、绞股蓝10份、凤尾草20份、板蓝根15份、鱼腥草20份、蒲公英18份、防风27份。
实施例5
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，各原料组分如下：地锦草8份、大黄20份、五倍子20份、黄芩15份、厚朴8份、枳实8份、知母2份、苍术1份、白术3份、大青叶6份、胡黄连5份、地骨皮5份、黄柏7份、白鲜皮3份、堇菜6份、绞股蓝8份、凤尾草20份、板蓝根15份、鱼腥草15份、蒲公英11份、防风15份；该实施例与实施例1药剂组分量完全相同，不同的是，加入如下重量份原料：薤白12份、桂枝10份、白芍15份、泽泻15份、川芎10份、白芷10份；所添加的原料组分能起到更好的杀菌消炎的功效，促进鳃丝组织复原，提高鳙鱼的免疫力，增强抗病能力。
实施例6
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，各原料组分如下：地锦草10份、大黄28份、五倍子30份、黄芩25份、厚朴15份、枳实13份、知母4份、苍术3份、白术8份、大青叶7份、胡黄连7份、地骨皮7份、黄柏9份、白鲜皮5份、堇菜10份、绞股蓝10份、凤尾草30份、板蓝根20份、鱼腥草25份、蒲公英19份、防风30份；该实施例与实施例1药剂组分量完全相同，不同的是，加入如下重量份原料：薤白18份、桂枝19份、白芍30份、泽泻30份、川芎20份、白芷20份；所添加的原料组分能起到更好的杀菌消炎的功效，促进鳃丝组织复原，提高鳙鱼的免疫力，增强抗病能力。
实施例7
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，各原料组分如下：地锦草9份、大黄24份、五倍子25份、黄芩20份、厚朴11份、枳实10份、知母3份、苍术2份、白术5份、大青叶6份、胡黄连6份、地骨皮6份、黄柏8份、白鲜皮4份、堇菜8份、绞股蓝9份、凤尾草25份、板蓝根18份、鱼腥草20份、蒲公英15份、防风23份；该实施例与实施例1药剂组分量完全相同，不同的是，加入如下重量份原料：薤白15份、桂枝15份、白芍23份、泽泻23份、川芎15份、白芷15份；所添加的原料组分能起到更好的杀菌消炎的功效，促进鳃丝组织复原，提高鳙鱼的免疫力，增强抗病能力。
实施例8
一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，各原料组分如下：地锦草8份、大黄28份、五倍子30份、黄芩15份、厚朴8份、枳实10份、知母3份、苍术3份、白术8份、大青叶6份、胡黄连5份、地骨皮7份、黄柏7份、白鲜皮5份、堇菜6份、绞股蓝10份、凤尾草20份、板蓝根15份、鱼腥草20份、蒲公英18份、防风27份；该实施例与实施例1药剂组分量完全相同，不同的是，加入如下重量份原料：薤白12份、桂枝19份、白芍15份、泽泻30份、川芎18份、白芷18份；所添加的原料组分能起到更好的杀菌消炎的功效，促进鳃丝组织复原，提高鳙鱼的免疫力，增强抗病能力。
上述各实施例制得的药剂，在所述各原料成分内任意组合物置于5000-8000份纯净水中真空浸泡时间不低于3周时间，过滤后得到药剂，用于稀释成160倍液进行全池喷洒。
本发明的药剂与常规药品对比如下：
对照例1
硫酸铜和硫酸亚铁按5：2的比例混合后，每立方米用合剂7g泼洒鱼池。
对照例2
90%的晶体敌百虫 按每立方米5g全池泼洒。
挑选200尾患有纤毛虫病的鳙鱼，鱼龄为1.5，将所挑选的200尾鳙鱼随意分成10组，每组20尾对应饲喂实或喷洒施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4、实施例5、实施例6、实施例7、实施例8、对照例1、对照例2比较如下表：（其中鱼池喷洒稀释药剂、泼洒甲醛溶液、泼洒硫酸铜溶液均为一周一次防治，连续4次）
由上述表格所得的对比数据可明显反映：
本发明的药剂对防治纤毛虫病有明显的效果，成活率最高达95%，而采用常规的药物防治，最佳成活率为65%，效果极差，收益受到严重影响，给养殖户带来极大的风险，一旦感染中华鳋，几乎是收益受到严重影响，同时我们也能得出实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、实施例4为本发明的基本配方，而实施例5、实施例6、实施例7、实施例8为本发明的进一步改良配方，防治效果更佳。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，其特征在于，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，由如下原料：地锦草8-10份、大黄20-28份、五倍子20-30份、黄芩15-25份、厚朴8-15份、枳实8-13份、知母2-4份、苍术1-3份、白术3-8份、大青叶6-7份、胡黄连5-7份、地骨皮5-7份、黄柏7-9份、白鲜皮3-5份、堇菜6-10份、绞股蓝8-10份、凤尾草20-30份、板蓝根15-20份、鱼腥草15-25份、蒲公英11-19份、防风15-30份制成。
2.一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，其特征在于，所述药剂组合物按其重量份计，还包括如下原料组分：薤白12-18份、桂枝10-19份、白芍15-30份、泽泻15-30份、川芎10-20份、白芷10-20份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述一种防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂，其特征在于，所述的白术3-8份、白芍15-30份、白芷10-20份用500份醋浸泡30天经提取得相对密度为1.4的促进剂。
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CN105816637A (zh) * 2016-03-22 2016-08-03 五河县金塘水产养殖有限公司金贸园分公司 一种用于防治鳙鱼中华鳋的药剂组合物

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