CN105811227A - Femtosecond ultra-flattened supercontinuum laser obtaining method - Google Patents
Femtosecond ultra-flattened supercontinuum laser obtaining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105811227A CN105811227A CN201610307174.1A CN201610307174A CN105811227A CN 105811227 A CN105811227 A CN 105811227A CN 201610307174 A CN201610307174 A CN 201610307174A CN 105811227 A CN105811227 A CN 105811227A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06716—Fibre compositions or doping with active elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
- H01S3/10015—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by monitoring or controlling, e.g. attenuating, the input signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a femtosecond ultra-flattened supercontinuum laser obtaining method. The method is achieved on a supercontinuum laser device with ultra-flattened spectrum output. The method comprises a wavelength selection step, a seed laser generation step, a seed laser power amplification step, a laser compression and re-amplification step, a supercontinuum generating and monitoring step, a seed laser power adaptive adjustment step and the like. The femtosecond ultra-flattened supercontinuum laser obtaining method has the beneficial effects that in a feedback amplitude-modulated multi-wavelength laser pumping manner, the strength of a multi-wavelength pump laser light is adaptively adjusted by combining wide spectrum monitoring; supercontinuum laser output with high output spectrum flatness and stability is achieved through superposition; and the requirements of accurate wide-spectrum quantitative analysis are met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pulse laser and generate method, particularly relate to the super smooth super continuous spectrums laser acquisition methods of a kind of femtosecond based on reaction type amplitude modulation multiwavelength laser pumping.
Background technology
Super continuous spectrums laser refer to when pumping laser is through special fiber waveguide, a series of nonlinear effect causes the spectrum widening of incoming laser beam, thus exporting wide spectral laser bundle to claim super continuous spectrums.Especially as the development of ultrafast laser and photonic crystal fiber (Photoniccrystalfibers is called for short PCF) technology, ultrashort pulse propagation in PCF is utilized to have become as, to produce super continuum light, the problem that the whole world is noticeable.This technology has only to low-down pulse energy (about 1nJ) just can produce super continuum light, and obtained super continuum light is relevant and high this of brightness makes it desirable white light source.
Super continuous spectrums laser instrument has obtained rapid development since being born, and particularly in spectral region aspect, substantially covers from ultraviolet to mid-infrared spectral coverage.Additionally, also achieve huge progress in high-power and device miniaturization.
But, the application scenario of precision width quantitative spectrochemical analysis is needed at some, current super continuous laser source cannot be competent at, because existing super continuous spectrums lasing light emitter exists some problems in the technical specifications such as output spectrum flatness and stability, it is impossible to adapts to the requirement that wide range accurate quantification is analyzed.Therefore, the super continuous spectrums laser instrument how realizing high output spectrum flatness and stability is a urgent need to solve the problem.
Summary of the invention
What it is an object of the invention to provide the super continuous spectrums laser instrument of a kind of high output spectrum flatness and stability realizes method, and it, based on the mode of reaction type amplitude modulation multiwavelength laser pumping, can meet the demand of precision width quantitative spectrochemical analysis.
The technical scheme is that and be achieved in, high output spectrum flatness that the present invention proposes and the super continuous spectrums laser instrument of stability is produced by controller, pumping source module, ring laser module and super continuous spectrums and monitoring module forms.
Pumping source module is for producing the multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser of ring laser assembly.It comprises power governor, the first pulse generator, the first shaping amplifier, the first laser tube drive circuit, the second pulse generator, the second shaping amplifier, the second laser tube drive circuit, the 3rd pulse generator, the 3rd shaping amplifier, the 3rd laser tube drive circuit, three-in-one optical fiber, the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator；Wherein the first laser tube drive circuit is made up of the first field effect transistor drive circuit, the first field effect transistor and the first laser diode and discharge loop thereof；Similarly, the second laser tube drive circuit is made up of the second field effect transistor drive circuit, the second field effect transistor and the second laser diode and discharge loop thereof；3rd laser tube drive circuit is made up of the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit, the 3rd field effect transistor and the 3rd laser diode and discharge loop thereof；Power governor for being amplified the adjustment of multiple to the first shaping amplifier, the second shaping amplifier, the 3rd shaping amplifier.
Ring laser module comprises the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, the 3rd semiconductor laser, four-in-one photo-coupler, annular chamber, the first negative GVD optical fiber, first wave division multiplexer, ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, the second wavelength division multiplexer, the second negative GVD optical fiber, the second Polarization Controller, the 3rd Polarization Controller, Faraday isolator and the 4th Polarization Controller, carries out power amplification and pulse mode-locked compression for the multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser that pumping source module is sent.
Super continuous spectrums produces and monitoring module comprises PCF bonder, PCF, one-in-and-two-out optical fiber, output interface and wide spectrum spectrogrph, is used for producing super continuous spectrums pulse laser, its spectral characteristic is monitored in real time simultaneously, and monitoring result is fed back to controller.
Controller contains the hardware circuit and software system that perform control and data analysis, for controlling the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, the 3rd semiconductor laser, the first pulse generator, the second pulse generator, the 3rd pulse generator, power governor and wide spectrum spectrogrph, and the output spectrum signal receiving wide spectrum spectrogrph carries out spectral data analysis.
The super flat spectrum output of super continuous spectrums laser instrument and high stable characteristic realize according to the following steps:
(1) the zero-dispersion wavelength λ according to PCF0, obtain the frequency f of its correspondence0；Setpoint frequency difference Δ f, setpoint frequency f1=f0+ Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence1；Similarly, setpoint frequency f2=f0-Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence2；
(2) operation wavelength selecting the first laser diode and the first semiconductor laser is λ0；The operation wavelength selecting the second laser diode and the second semiconductor laser is λ1；The operation wavelength selecting the 3rd laser diode and the 3rd semiconductor laser is λ2；
(3) controller sends control instruction to the first pulse generator, the second pulse generator and the 3rd pulse generator, the pulse frequency of three is set as identical value and so as to starts work；
(4) controller sends control instruction and starts the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, the 3rd semiconductor laser, wide spectrum spectrogrph；
(5) controller sends control instruction to power governor, and the amplification of the first shaping amplifier, the second shaping amplifier, the 3rd shaping amplifier is set an identical initial value A by power governor1=A2=A3；
First the high frequency electric pulse that (6) first pulse generators send carries out shaping pulse through the first shaping amplifier, regulates high level dutycycle, forms the high frequency electric pulse of nanosecond, then presses A1After multiple carries out power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the first field effect transistor drive circuit in the first laser tube drive circuit, the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces the nanosecond pulse signal of high frequency for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the first field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the first laser diode discharge loop, the first laser diode is made to produce the nanosecond pulse seed laser of high frequency；
Similarly, first the high frequency electric pulse that the second pulse generator sends carries out shaping pulse through the second shaping amplifier, regulates high level dutycycle, forms the high frequency electric pulse of nanosecond, then presses A2After multiple carries out power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the second field effect transistor drive circuit in the second laser tube drive circuit, the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces high frequency nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the second field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the second laser diode discharge loop, the second laser diode is made to produce high frequency nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, first the high frequency electric pulse that the 3rd pulse generator sends carries out shaping pulse through the 3rd shaping amplifier, regulates high level dutycycle, forms the high frequency electric pulse of nanosecond, then presses A3After multiple carries out power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit in the 3rd laser tube drive circuit, the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces the nanosecond pulse signal of high frequency for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the 3rd field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the 3rd laser diode discharge loop, the 3rd laser diode is made to produce the nanosecond pulse seed laser of high frequency；
(7) three beams wavelength respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Pulse seed laser in three-in-one optical fiber coupled into optical fibres, be transferred into ring laser module then through the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator.The effect of the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator is to eliminate the issuable echo interference of ring laser module；
(8) the first semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ0Continuous pump laser beam enters annular chamber with both direction after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ0Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber.3rd Polarization Controller, Faraday isolator and the 4th Polarization Controller one resonator of composition; utilize nonlinear polarization rotation effect; form equivalence saturable absorber; nonlinear birefringence effect in recycling optical fiber; ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse is produced based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber; and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
Meanwhile, the second semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ1Continuous pump laser beam enters annular chamber with both direction after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ1Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber.Producing ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
Similarly, the 3rd semiconductor laser in identical time, ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ2Continuous pump laser beam enters annular chamber with both direction after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ2Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber.Utilizing the nonlinear birefringence effect in optical fiber, produce ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
(9) the wavelength respectively λ of ring laser module output0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser enter continuous spectrum and produce and in monitoring module, entered after PCF by PCF bonder, due to the nonlinear effect that each rank are all types of in PCF, formed respectively with λ0、λ1、λ2Centered by spectrum widening, the width of its broadening and intensity and λ0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser power be directly proportional, the spectrum of three broadenings is overlapped mutually, formed femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser；
(10) femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser is divided into two-way by after one-in-and-two-out optical fiber, and output interface of leading up to exports；Another road enters wide spectrum spectrogrph and is monitored, and its super continuous spectrums monitoring result is sent to controller；
(11) super continuous spectrums monitoring result is analyzed by controller, evaluates its spectrum flatness, be simultaneously generated new for the first shaping amplifier, the second shaping amplifier, the 3rd shaping amplifier amplification A1、A2、A3；
(12) (5) are constantly repeated to (11), until super continuous spectrums monitoring result meets flatness requirement.So far, by up-to-date A1、A2、A3Fixing, finally realize the super continuous spectrums laser instrument of high output spectrum flatness and stability.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, have employed the mode of a kind of reaction type amplitude modulation multiwavelength laser pumping, in conjunction with wide spectrum spectrum monitoring, regulate the intensity of multi wavelength pumping laser adaptively, realized the super continuous spectrums laser output of high output spectrum flatness and stability by superposition, meet the demand of precision width quantitative spectrochemical analysis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is in principles of the invention figure, figure: 1 controller；2 pumping source modules；3 power governors；4 first pulse generators；5 first shaping amplifiers；6 first laser diodes；7 first field effect transistor；8 first field effect transistor drive circuits；9 second pulse generators；10 second shaping amplifiers；11 second laser diodes；12 second field effect transistor；13 second field effect transistor drive circuits；14 the 3rd pulse generators；15 the 3rd shaping amplifiers；16 the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuits；17 the 3rd field effect transistor；18 the 3rd laser diodes；19 three-in-one optical fiber；20 first Polarization Controllers；21 optoisolators；22 ring laser modules；23 first negative GVD optical fiber；24 first wave division multiplexers；25 the 4th Polarization Controllers；26 Faraday isolators；27 the 3rd Polarization Controllers；28 ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifiers；29 second wavelength division multiplexers；30 second negative GVD optical fiber；31 second Polarization Controllers；32 super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；33 PCF bonders；34——PCF；35 one-in-and-two-out optical fiber；36 output interfaces；37 wide spectrum spectrogrphs；38 four-in-one photo-couplers；39 first semiconductor lasers；40 second semiconductor lasers；41 the 3rd semiconductor lasers；42 first laser tube drive circuits；43 second laser tube drive circuits；44 the 3rd laser tube drive circuits；45 annular chambers.
Note: GVD and groupvelocitydispersion, GVD；PCF and photoniccrystalfiber, photonic crystal fiber.
Detailed description of the invention
The specific embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Figure 1, this super continuous spectrums laser instrument is produced the structure of the high output spectrum flatness of present invention proposition and the super continuous spectrums laser instrument of stability by controller 1, pumping source module 2, ring laser module 22 and super continuous spectrums and monitoring module 32 forms.
Pumping source module 2 is for producing the multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser of ring laser assembly 22.It comprises power governor the 3, first pulse generator the 4, first shaping amplifier the 5, first laser tube drive circuit the 42, second pulse generator the 9, second shaping amplifier the 10, second laser tube drive circuit the 43, the 3rd pulse generator the 14, the 3rd shaping amplifier the 15, the 3rd laser tube drive circuit 44, three-in-one optical fiber the 19, first Polarization Controller 20 and optoisolator 21；Wherein the first laser tube drive circuit 42 is made up of first field effect transistor drive circuit the 8, first field effect transistor 7 and the first laser diode 6 and discharge loop thereof；Similarly, the second laser tube drive circuit 43 is made up of second field effect transistor drive circuit the 13, second field effect transistor 12 and the second laser diode 11 and discharge loop thereof；3rd laser tube drive circuit 44 is made up of the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit the 16, the 3rd field effect transistor 17 and the 3rd laser diode 18 and discharge loop thereof；Power governor 3 for being amplified the adjustment of multiple to first shaping amplifier the 5, second shaping amplifier the 10, the 3rd shaping amplifier 15.
Ring laser module 22 comprises first semiconductor laser the 39, second semiconductor laser the 40, the 3rd semiconductor laser 41, four-in-one photo-coupler 38, annular chamber the 45, first negative GVD optical fiber 23, first wave division multiplexer 24, ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier the 28, second wavelength division multiplexer 29, second negative GVD optical fiber the 30, second Polarization Controller the 31, the 3rd Polarization Controller 27, Faraday isolator 26 and the 4th Polarization Controller 25, carries out power amplification and pulse mode-locked compression for the multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser that pumping source module 2 is sent.
Super continuous spectrums produces and monitoring module 32 comprises PCF bonder 33, PCF34, one-in-and-two-out optical fiber 35, output interface 36 and wide spectrum spectrogrph 37, for producing super continuous spectrums pulse laser, its spectral characteristic is monitored in real time simultaneously, and monitoring result is fed back to controller 1.
Controller 1 is containing performing to control the hardware circuit with data analysis and software system, for controlling first semiconductor laser the 39, second semiconductor laser the 40, the 3rd semiconductor laser the 41, first pulse generator the 4, second pulse generator the 9, the 3rd pulse generator 14, power governor 3 and wide spectrum spectrogrph 37, and the output spectrum signal receiving wide spectrum spectrogrph 37 carries out spectral data analysis.
The super flat spectrum output of super continuous spectrums laser instrument and high stable characteristic realize according to the following steps:
(1) the zero-dispersion wavelength λ according to PCF340, obtain the frequency f of its correspondence0；Setpoint frequency difference Δ f, setpoint frequency f1=f0+ Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence1；Similarly, setpoint frequency f2=f0-Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence2；(λ in the present embodiment0=780nm, f0=3.85 × 1014Hz；Δ f=2 × 1014Hz；f1=5.85 × 1014Hz, λ1=513nm；f2=1.85 × 1014Hz, λ2=1247nm)
(2) operation wavelength selecting the first laser diode 6 and the first semiconductor laser 39 is λ0；The operation wavelength selecting the second laser diode 11 and the second semiconductor laser 40 is λ1；The operation wavelength selecting the 3rd laser diode 18 and the 3rd semiconductor laser 41 is λ2；
(3) controller 1 sends control instruction to the first pulse generator the 4, second pulse generator 9 and the 3rd pulse generator 14, the pulse frequency of three is set as identical value and so as to starts work；(in the present embodiment, pulse frequency is 100MHz)
(4) controller 1 sends control instruction and starts first semiconductor laser the 39, second semiconductor laser the 40, the 3rd semiconductor laser 41, wide spectrum spectrogrph 37；
(5) controller 1 sends control instruction to power governor 3, and the amplification of first shaping amplifier the 5, second shaping amplifier the 10, the 3rd shaping amplifier 15 is set an identical initial value A by power governor 31=A2=A3；
First the electric pulse that frequency is 100MHz that (6) first pulse generators 4 send carries out shaping pulse through the first shaping amplifier 5, regulates high level dutycycle, forms the electric pulse that frequency is 100MHz of nanosecond, then press A1After multiple carries out power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the first field effect transistor drive circuit 8 in the first laser tube drive circuit 42, it is that the nanosecond pulse signal of 100MHz is for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the first field effect transistor 7 that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the first laser diode 6 discharge loop, make the first laser diode 6 produce nanosecond pulse seed laser that repetition is 100MHz；
Similarly, first the electric pulse that frequency is 100MHz that the second pulse generator 9 sends carries out shaping pulse through the second shaping amplifier 10, regulates high level dutycycle, forms the electric pulse that frequency is 100MHz of nanosecond, then press A2After multiple carries out power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the second field effect transistor drive circuit 13 in the second laser tube drive circuit 43, it is that the nanosecond pulse signal of 100MHz is for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the second field effect transistor 12 that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the second laser diode 11 discharge loop, make the second laser diode 11 produce nanosecond pulse seed laser that repetition is 100MHz；
Similarly, first the electric pulse that frequency is 100MHz that the 3rd pulse generator 14 sends carries out shaping pulse through the 3rd shaping amplifier 15, regulates high level dutycycle, forms the electric pulse that frequency is 100MHz of nanosecond, then press A3After multiple carries out power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit 16 in the 3rd laser tube drive circuit 44, it is that the nanosecond pulse signal of 100MHz is for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the 3rd field effect transistor 17 that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the 3rd laser diode 18 discharge loop, make the 3rd laser diode 18 produce nanosecond pulse seed laser that repetition is 100MHz；
(7) three beams wavelength respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Pulse seed laser in three-in-one optical fiber 19 coupled into optical fibres, be transferred into ring laser module 22 then through the first Polarization Controller 20 and optoisolator 21.The effect of the first Polarization Controller 20 and optoisolator 21 is to eliminate the issuable echo interference of ring laser module 22；
(8) the first semiconductor laser 39 in ring laser module 22, the wavelength of transmitting is λ0Continuous pump laser beam enters annular chamber 45 with both direction after 41 liang of deciles of four-in-one photo-coupler, after first wave division multiplexer 24 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 29, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28.The wavelength of pumping source module 2 output is λ0Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber 10 simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber 23, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber 45.3rd Polarization Controller 27, Faraday isolator 26 and the 4th Polarization Controller 25 form a resonator; utilize nonlinear polarization rotation effect; form equivalence saturable absorber; nonlinear birefringence effect in recycling optical fiber; ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse is produced based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber; and make the laser in annular chamber 45 along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller 31 is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module 32；
Meanwhile, the second semiconductor laser 40 in ring laser module 22, the wavelength of transmitting is λ1Continuous pump laser beam enters annular chamber 45 with both direction after 41 liang of deciles of four-in-one photo-coupler, after first wave division multiplexer 24 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 29, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28.The wavelength of pumping source module 2 output is λ1Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber 10 simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber 23, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber 45.Producing ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber 45 along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller 31 is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module 32；
Similarly, the 3rd semiconductor laser 41 in identical time, ring laser module 22, the wavelength of transmitting is λ2Continuous pump laser beam enters annular chamber 45 with both direction after 41 liang of deciles of four-in-one photo-coupler, after first wave division multiplexer 24 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 29, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28.The wavelength of pumping source module 2 output is λ2Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber 10 simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber 23, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber 45.Utilizing the nonlinear birefringence effect in optical fiber, produce ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber 45 along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller 31 is λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module 32；
(9) the wavelength respectively λ of ring laser module 22 output0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser enter continuous spectrum produce and monitoring module 32 in, after entering PCF34 by PCF bonder 33, due to the nonlinear effect that each rank are all types of in PCF34, formed respectively with λ0、λ1、λ2Centered by spectrum widening, the width of its broadening and intensity and λ0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser power be directly proportional, the spectrum of three broadenings is overlapped mutually, formed femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser, in the present embodiment, super continuous spectrums ranges for 400nm-2500nm；
(10) femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser is divided into two-way by after one-in-and-two-out optical fiber 35, and output interface 36 of leading up to exports；Another road enters wide spectrum spectrogrph 37 and is monitored, and its super continuous spectrums monitoring result is sent to controller 1；
(11) super continuous spectrums monitoring result is analyzed by controller 1, evaluates its spectrum flatness, is simultaneously generated the new amplification A for first shaping amplifier the 5, second shaping amplifier the 10, the 3rd shaping amplifier 151、A2、A3；
(12) (5) are constantly repeated to (11), until super continuous spectrums monitoring result meets flatness requirement.So far, by up-to-date A1、A2、A3Fixing, finally realize the super continuous spectrums laser instrument of high output spectrum flatness and stability.
Claims (1)
1. the super smooth super continuous spectrums laser acquisition methods of femtosecond, the method is to realize on the super continuous spectrums laser instrument that super flat spectrum exports, described super continuous spectrums laser instrument includes controller (1), pumping source module (2), power governor (3), first pulse generator (4), first shaping amplifier (5), first laser diode (6), first field effect transistor (7), first field effect transistor drive circuit (8), second pulse generator (9), second shaping amplifier (10), second laser diode (11)；nullSecond field effect transistor (12)、Second field effect transistor drive circuit (13)、3rd pulse generator (14)、3rd shaping amplifier (15)、3rd field effect transistor drive circuit (16)、3rd field effect transistor (17)、3rd laser diode (18)、Three-in-one optical fiber (19)、First Polarization Controller (20)、Optoisolator (21)、Ring laser module (22)、First negative GVD optical fiber (23)、First wave division multiplexer (24)、4th Polarization Controller (25)、Faraday isolator (26)、3rd Polarization Controller (27)、Ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier (28)、Second wavelength division multiplexer (29)、Second negative GVD optical fiber (30)、Second Polarization Controller (31)、Super continuous spectrums produces and monitoring module (32)、PCF bonder (33)、PCF(34)、One-in-and-two-out optical fiber (35)、Output interface (36)、Wide spectrum spectrogrph (37)、Four-in-one photo-coupler (38)、First semiconductor laser (39)、Second semiconductor laser (40)、3rd semiconductor laser (41)、First laser tube drive circuit (42)、Second laser tube drive circuit (43)、3rd laser tube drive circuit (44)、Annular chamber (45)；It is characterized in that the super smooth super continuous spectrums laser acquisition methods of femtosecond is as follows:
1) the zero-dispersion wavelength λ according to PCF0, obtain the frequency f of its correspondence0；Setpoint frequency difference Δ f, setpoint frequency f1=f0+ Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence1；Similarly, setpoint frequency f2=f0-Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence2；
2) operation wavelength selecting the first laser diode and the first semiconductor laser is λ0；The operation wavelength selecting the second laser diode and the second semiconductor laser is λ1；The operation wavelength selecting the 3rd laser diode and the 3rd semiconductor laser is λ2；
3) controller sends control instruction to the first pulse generator, the second pulse generator and the 3rd pulse generator, the pulse frequency of three is set as identical value and so as to starts work；
4) controller sends control instruction and starts the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, the 3rd semiconductor laser, wide spectrum spectrogrph；
5) controller sends control instruction to power governor, and the amplification of the first shaping amplifier, the second shaping amplifier, the 3rd shaping amplifier is set an identical initial value A by power governor1=A2=A3；
6) first the high frequency electric pulse that the first pulse generator sends carries out shaping pulse through the first shaping amplifier, regulates high level dutycycle, forms the high frequency electric pulse of nanosecond, then presses A1After multiple carries out power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the first field effect transistor drive circuit in the first laser tube drive circuit, the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces the nanosecond pulse signal of high frequency for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the first field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the first laser diode discharge loop, the first laser diode is made to produce the nanosecond pulse seed laser of high frequency；
Similarly, first the high frequency electric pulse that the second pulse generator sends carries out shaping pulse through the second shaping amplifier, regulates high level dutycycle, forms the high frequency electric pulse of nanosecond, then presses A2After multiple carries out power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the second field effect transistor drive circuit in the second laser tube drive circuit, the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces high frequency nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the second field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the second laser diode discharge loop, the second laser diode is made to produce high frequency nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, first the high frequency electric pulse that the 3rd pulse generator sends carries out shaping pulse through the 3rd shaping amplifier, regulates high level dutycycle, forms the high frequency electric pulse of nanosecond, then presses A3After multiple carries out power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit in the 3rd laser tube drive circuit, the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces the nanosecond pulse signal of high frequency for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the 3rd field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the 3rd laser diode discharge loop, the 3rd laser diode is made to produce the nanosecond pulse seed laser of high frequency；
7) three beams wavelength respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Pulse seed laser in three-in-one optical fiber coupled into optical fibres, be transferred into ring laser module then through the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator.The effect of the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator is to eliminate the issuable echo interference of ring laser module；
8) the first semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ0Continuous pump laser beam enters annular chamber with both direction after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ0Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber.3rd Polarization Controller, Faraday isolator and the 4th Polarization Controller one resonator of composition; utilize nonlinear polarization rotation effect; form equivalence saturable absorber; nonlinear birefringence effect in recycling optical fiber; ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse is produced based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber; and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
Meanwhile, the second semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ1Continuous pump laser beam enters annular chamber with both direction after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ1Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out chirp compensation in annular chamber.Producing ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
Similarly, the 3rd semiconductor laser in identical time, ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ2Continuous pump laser beam enters annular chamber with both direction after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ2Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out chirp compensation in annular chamber.Utilizing the nonlinear birefringence effect in optical fiber, produce ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
9) the wavelength respectively λ of ring laser module output0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser enter continuous spectrum and produce and in monitoring module, entered after PCF by PCF bonder, due to the nonlinear effect that each rank are all types of in PCF, formed respectively with λ0、λ1、λ2Centered by spectrum widening, the width of its broadening and intensity and λ0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser power be directly proportional, the spectrum of three broadenings is overlapped mutually, formed femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser；
10) femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser is divided into two-way by after one-in-and-two-out optical fiber, and output interface of leading up to exports；Another road enters wide spectrum spectrogrph and is monitored, and its super continuous spectrums monitoring result is sent to controller；
11) super continuous spectrums monitoring result is analyzed by controller, evaluates its spectrum flatness, be simultaneously generated new for the first shaping amplifier, the second shaping amplifier, the 3rd shaping amplifier amplification A1、A2、A3；
12) step 5 is constantly repeated) to 11), until super continuous spectrums monitoring result meets flatness requirement, so far, by up-to-date A1、A2、A3Fixing, finally realize the super continuous spectrums laser instrument of high output spectrum flatness and stability.
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