CN104317136B - Optical fiber psec and femtosecond pulse output switching device and its control method - Google Patents
Optical fiber psec and femtosecond pulse output switching device and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104317136B CN104317136B CN201410541817.XA CN201410541817A CN104317136B CN 104317136 B CN104317136 B CN 104317136B CN 201410541817 A CN201410541817 A CN 201410541817A CN 104317136 B CN104317136 B CN 104317136B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/3501—Constructional details or arrangements of non-linear optical devices, e.g. shape of non-linear crystals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/108—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using non-linear optical devices, e.g. exhibiting Brillouin or Raman scattering
- H01S3/109—Frequency multiplication, e.g. harmonic generation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/23—Arrangements of two or more lasers not provided for in groups H01S3/02 - H01S3/22, e.g. tandem arrangements of separate active media
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
Psec and femtosecond pulse output switching device and its control method, output switching device includes light source, picosecond laser oscillator, tunable filter, fiber amplifier and the enocscope being sequentially arranged along light path, enocscope includes high reflective mirror, for light path to be switched into two different output ports;One of port is sequentially connected with pulse shortener and femtosecond frequency multiplier;And another port connection psec frequency multiplier, for exporting picopulse, when tunable filter chooses picosecond laser oscillator output spectrum marginal portion, the position of high reflective mirror cause spectrum picopulse without deviation by after enocscope enter psec frequency multiplier, when tunable filter chooses picosecond laser oscillator output spectrum core, high reflective mirror turns to another location, so that spectrum picopulse, which is produced, enters pulse shortener and femtosecond frequency multiplier after 90 degree of deviations.What the output switching device and its control method realized arrowband psec or Broadband Femtosecond laser is switched fast output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to picosecond pulse laser and the broadband of laser technology field, more particularly to a kind of high power narrow-band spectrum
The output switching device and its control method of the femtosecond pulse of spectrum.
Background technology
Ultrashort pulse is general name of the pulse width in femtosecond to the class pulse between picosecond magnitude.Using high power psec and
Femtosecond laser, can be achieved to carry out the industrial materials such as metal, metal carbides, silicon chip high-precision processing.Compared with nanosecond pulse,
The time width of femtosecond and picopulse it is short, can be rapidly reached material ablation critical point required for peak energy denisty,
And efficiently reduce the fuel factor that laser emission is brought.The duration of femtosecond laser is far smaller than lattice heat conduction time,
When it is with matter interaction, energy absorption is limited in minimum scope, and electronics reaches high temperature, and material is from admittedly therewith
State is changed into ionic state, is sprayed from machining area rapidly.Therefore, it can overcome what laser thermal effect was brought using femtosecond and picopulse
Drawback, realizes high-precision processing.
The production method of High power ultra-short pulse is referred to, typically there are two major classes.One class is to use solid state laser, semiconductor
Laser diode or optical fiber laser are as the seed source of narrow-band spectrum, and spectral width is generally less than 1nm, and pulse width is several
Psec is to hundreds of psecs.Compared to the picosecond laser of broadband spectral, although the picopulse of the narrow-band spectrum can not be compressed to femtosecond
Pulse, but a main advantage of the picopulse light source of the narrow-band spectrum has higher shg efficiency, is advantageously implemented more
The laser output of short wavelength.
Another kind of is using the picosecond laser of the femtosecond laser of broadband spectral or broadband spectral as seed source, by chirp
Pulse amplifying or master oscillation power amplification, finally reach femtosecond magnitude using pulse compression, realize higher peak power.Should
Technology can use broadband spectral device to ensure that final output laser spectrum has enough bandwidth, realize narrower femtosecond arteries and veins
Punching.
Although the power amplification process of the class ultrashort pulse of the above two seems close, but up to the present, and can not be a set of
The ultra-short pulse laser output of both spectral forms (broadband spectral or narrow-band spectrum) is realized inside laser system simultaneously.Its
Subject matter is that the output parameter in pulse laser seeds source determines the performance and characteristic of the laser system substantially.If desired realize
Various forms of spectrum outputs, it is necessary to change pulse seed source.This will necessarily increase laser system complexity, and and then raising system
Cause this.
The content of the invention
(1) goal of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of picosecond pulse laser of high power narrow-band spectrum or the femtosecond arteries and veins of broadband spectral
The output switching device and its control method of impulse light.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of psec and femtosecond pulse output switching device,
Including the light source being sequentially arranged along light path, picosecond laser oscillator, tunable filter, fiber amplifier and enocscope, wherein, skin
Second laser oscillator, for output spectrum;Tunable filter, for choosing different wave length in picosecond laser oscillator output spectrum
Spectral component;Fiber amplifier, for the mean power of the filtered pulse of tunable filter to be lifted;Enocscope, it is wrapped
High reflective mirror is included, for light path to be switched into two different output ports, one of output port has been sequentially connected with pulse pressure
Contracting device and femtosecond frequency multiplier, pulse shortener are used to the picopulse of broadband spectral being compressed to femtosecond pulse;Femtosecond frequency multiplier
For the picopulse of broadband spectral to be compressed, final output femtosecond pulse;And another output port is connected with psec frequency multiplication
Device, for exporting picopulse, when tunable filter chooses picosecond laser oscillator output spectrum marginal portion, high reflective mirror
Position cause spectrum picopulse without deviation by after enocscope enter psec frequency multiplier, when tunable filter choose psec swash
During optical generator output spectrum core, high reflective mirror turns to another position, so that spectrum picopulse produces 90 degree partially
Enter pulse shortener and femtosecond frequency multiplier after folding.
Wherein, in addition to tunable filter and enocscope the femtosecond/psec switching driver being connected, it is adjustable for driving
Wave filter and enocscope, to realize the selection of spectrum and the rotation of high reflective mirror respectively.
Wherein, tunable filter and enocscope are all automatically controlled.
Wherein, picosecond laser oscillator is the Totally positive dispersion optical fiber laser of nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode.
Wherein, tunable filter is tunable filter or the wave filter or interferometric filter of optical grating construction based on F-P cavity
The wave filter of structure.
Wherein, fiber amplifier includes optical fiber prime amplifier and optical fiber main amplifier.
Wherein, optical fiber prime amplifier is the fiber amplifier of fibre core pumping, for by 20mW power ascension to exceeding
200mW。
Wherein, optical fiber main amplifier is the fiber amplifier of cladding pumping, for by 200mW power ascension to exceeding
10W。
Present invention also offers a kind of psec and the control method of femtosecond pulse output switching device, this method includes
Following steps:
S1:When needing output picosecond pulse laser, tunable filter is adjusted, it is chosen the output of picosecond laser oscillator
Spectral edges part, at the same by the position adjustment of high reflective mirror to spectrum picopulse without deviation by after enocscope enter psec
The position of frequency multiplier;
S2:When needing output femtosecond pulse, tunable filter is adjusted, it is chosen the output of picosecond laser oscillator
Spectral centroid part, enters pulse shortener while the position adjustment of high reflective mirror to spectrum picopulse is produced after 90 degree of deviations
And the position of femtosecond frequency multiplier.
Wherein, this method is further comprising the steps of:Tunable filter and refractive power are controlled by femtosecond/psec switch controller
The adjustment of mirror.
(3) beneficial effect
1. the present invention is that high power arrowband psec or the output of Broadband Femtosecond laser can be achieved using a laser system, and knot
Structure is simple, and manufacturing cost is small.It is that high power arrowband psec or width can be achieved using circuit drives, tunable filter and light path control
The switching exported with femtosecond laser.
2. using automatically controlled driving tunable filter and automatically controlled enocscope, light path switch speed is fast, not only control accuracy it is high,
And it is simple and easy to apply, it can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of Double passage laser output system.
3. the shg efficiency that two pieces of frequency-doubling crystals are conducive to improving laser is respectively adopted.Using shorter in femtosecond frequency multiplier
Frequency-doubling crystal, is conducive to the femtosecond laser frequency multiplication of broadband spectral.Longer frequency-doubling crystal is used in psec frequency multiplier, is conducive to narrow
The picosecond laser frequency multiplication of band spectrum.
Brief description of the drawings
The optical fiber psec of Fig. 1 present invention and the general structure schematic diagram of femtosecond pulse output switching device;
Fig. 2 is the laser spectrum of picosecond laser oscillator output, and it illustrates spectral edges and the position of spectral centroid;
Fig. 3 a show that automatically controlled tunable filter selects the pulse width of the center spectrum of picosecond laser oscillator, Fig. 3 b
Show the spectral shape of amplified broadband spectral picopulse;
Fig. 4 a show that automatically controlled tunable filter selects the pulse width of the edge spectrum of picosecond laser oscillator, Fig. 4 b
Show the spectral shape of amplified narrow-band spectrum picopulse;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of optical fiber prime amplifier;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of optical fiber main amplifier;And
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of automatically controlled enocscope.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by taking the Yb dosed optical fiber laser of 1 mu m waveband as an example, the present invention is described in detail.This area
It will be appreciated by the skilled person that the embodiments described below is only the exemplary illustration to the present invention, taken the post as not for it
What is limited.In all of the figs, identical reference represents same or analogous part.
As shown in figure 1, the device includes the light source L, picosecond laser oscillator 100, adjustable filtering being sequentially arranged along light path
Device 200, fiber amplifier, enocscope 500, pulse shortener 600, femtosecond frequency multiplier 800, psec frequency multiplier 700 and with electricity
Femtosecond/psec switching driver 900 that dynamic tunable filter 200 and enocscope 500 are connected.
Specifically, light source L is applicable using 1 mu m waveband optics and optical fiber.
Picosecond laser oscillator 100 is used for output spectrum, and the preferably Totally positive dispersion light of nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode
Fibre laser, it can be all optical fibre structure, or the optical fiber structure of half space half.Typical repetition rate is 60MHz, mean power
20mW, pulse width is 10ps.The typical spectral region of picosecond laser oscillator 100 as shown in Fig. 2 covering 1025-1035nm,
Spectral width Δ λ=10nm.All it is made up of inside the type optical fiber laser loop positive dispersion fiber, due to Self-phase modulation
Effect makes near the pulse center large range of chirp to be linear and be positive, that is, exports the frequency distribution of pulse over time
Increase and increase (upper chirp).And the spectral change on pulse both sides is smaller.Therefore, the output spectrum of picosecond laser oscillator 100
The spectral component of middle diverse location has different pulse widths, spectral centroid (as shown in the dotted ellipse on right side in Fig. 2)
Pulse width is smaller, the characteristics of pulse width of spectrum both sides (as shown in the dotted ellipse in left side in Fig. 2) is larger.
Electronic tunable filter 200 be used to choosing the spectrum of different wave length in the output spectrum of picosecond laser oscillator 100 into
Point, it (can be adjusted for the tunable filter (regulation chamber length selects wavelength) based on F-P cavity, or the wave filter of optical grating construction
Grating selects wavelength with incident light angle), or (regulation optical filter is selected the wave filter of interference filter chip architecture with incident light angle
Wavelength).The automatically controlled tunable filter 200 is all fiber coupling mode.
The output spectrum of picosecond laser oscillator 100 carries out spectrum selection by electronic tunable filter 200, and filter range is more than
10nm (output spectrum of covering picosecond laser oscillator 100);Filtering bandwidth is less than the ten of the spectral width of picosecond laser oscillator 100
/ mono-, i.e., less than Δ λ/10 (<1nm).
Fiber amplifier is used to lift the mean power of the filtered pulse of electronic tunable filter 200, and it includes light
Fine prime amplifier 300 and optical fiber main amplifier 400.When automatically controlled tunable filter 200 chooses the output light of picosecond laser oscillator 100
When composing core, i.e., filtered pulse width is smaller, about 1-2ps, as shown in Figure 3 a.Via optical fiber prime amplifier 300
And in the amplification process of optical fiber main amplifier 400, obvious Spectral Broadening will be produced, with carrying for amplification laser power
Rise, spectral width is constantly widened, and its spectral width meets or exceeds the spectral width of picosecond laser oscillator 100, exceedes
10nm, as shown in Figure 3 b.When automatically controlled tunable filter 200 chooses picosecond laser 100 output spectrum marginal portion of oscillator, i.e.,
Filtered pulse width is larger, about 10-30ps, as shown in fig. 4 a.Via optical fiber prime amplifier 300 and optical fiber main amplifier
In 400 amplification process, spectral width will keep constant, as shown in Figure 4 b.Therefore, i.e., chosen by automatically controlled tunable filter 200
During the spectrum of the diverse location of picosecond laser oscillator 100, passing through fiber amplifier, you can obtain the picosecond laser of broadband spectral,
Also it can obtain the picosecond laser of narrow-band spectrum.
Optical fiber prime amplifier 300 be fibre core pumping amplifier, for by the mean power of picosecond laser oscillator 100 from
20mW is promoted to 200mW.As shown in figure 5, optical fiber prime amplifier 300 is by laser isolator 301, the pumping source of Single-Mode Fiber Coupling
302nd, wavelength division multiplexer 303 and gain fibre 304 are constituted.
Optical fiber main amplifier 400 is the fiber amplifier of cladding pumping, for by 200mW power ascension to more than 10W.
As shown in fig. 6, optical fiber main amplifier 400 is by laser isolator 401, optical-fiber bundling device 402, the first multimode fibre coupling pumping source
403rd, the second multimode fibre coupling pumping source 404, gain fibre 405 and output coupler 406 are constituted.
Enocscope 500 is connected with the output end of optical fiber main amplifier 400.As shown in fig. 7, containing in automatically controlled enocscope 500
One high reflective mirror 501.When electronic tunable filter 200 chooses picosecond laser 100 output spectrum marginal portion of oscillator, that is, filter
Pulse width after ripple is larger, is the output of narrow-band spectrum picopulse, meanwhile, driven by femtosecond/psec switching driver 900
High reflective mirror 501 be maintained at make narrow-band spectrum picopulse without deviation by after automatically controlled enocscope 500 straight enter psec frequency multiplication
At the initial position A of device 700.When electronic tunable filter 200 chooses the output spectrum core of picosecond laser oscillator 100
When, i.e., filtered pulse width is smaller, is the output of narrow-band spectrum picopulse, meanwhile, pass through femtosecond/psec switching driver
900 driving high reflective mirrors 501 are turned at the B of another location, the deviation for making broadband spectral picopulse produce 90 degree, into pulse pressure
Contracting device 600 and femtosecond frequency multiplier 800, realize that Broadband Femtosecond pulse is exported.
Pulse shortener 600 can be made up of a pair of reflective gratings or a pair of transmission-type gratings and a face speculum, be used
In the picopulse of broadband spectral is compressed into femtosecond pulse.
Femtosecond frequency multiplier 800 using frequency-doubling crystal by Broadband Femtosecond pulse frequency multiplication to shorter wavelength, produce second harmonic or
Triple-frequency harmonics.Psec frequency multiplier 700 using frequency-doubling crystal by arrowband picopulse frequency multiplication to shorter wavelength, produce second harmonic or
Triple-frequency harmonics.The frequency-doubling crystal used in femtosecond frequency multiplier 800 compares the length of the frequency-doubling crystal used in psec frequency multiplier 700
It is shorter, be conducive to the femtosecond laser frequency multiplication of broadband spectral.The frequency-doubling crystal used in femtosecond frequency multiplier 800 compares psec frequency multiplier
The length of the frequency-doubling crystal used in 700 is longer, is conducive to the picosecond laser frequency multiplication of narrow-band spectrum.
Frequency-doubling crystal can be BBO, PPLN, KTP, PPKTP etc..
It should be noted that in this embodiment, tunable filter 200 and enocscope 500 are all automatically controlled, to cause light
Road switch speed is fast, and not only control accuracy is high but also simple and easy to apply for the control mode, can effectively reduce Double passage laser output device
Manufacturing cost.However, it is understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, tunable filter 200 and enocscope 500 also can be using others
Control mode.Similarly, in this embodiment, tunable filter 200 and enocscope 500 are by femtosecond/psec switching driver 900
Driving, however, it is understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, tunable filter 200 and enocscope 500 can also use other manner control
System, such as it is manually operated.
Present invention also offers a kind of output switching device for above-mentioned picosecond pulse laser or femtosecond pulse
Control method, this method comprises the following steps:
S1:When needing output picosecond pulse laser, electronic tunable filter 200 is adjusted, it is chosen picosecond laser and shakes
The output spectrum marginal portion of device 100 is swung, while the position adjustment of high reflective mirror 501 to spectrum picopulse is passed through into folding without deviation
Enter the position of psec frequency multiplier 700 after light microscopic 501;
S2:When needing output femtosecond pulse, electronic tunable filter 200 is adjusted, it is chosen picosecond laser and shakes
Device output spectrum core is swung, while the position adjustment of high reflective mirror 501 to spectrum picopulse is produced after 90 degree of deviation
Into the position of pulse shortener 600 and femtosecond frequency multiplier 800.
Further, this method is further comprising the steps of:Controlled by femtosecond/psec switch controller 900 electronic adjustable
The adjustment of wave filter 200 and enocscope 500.
The output switching device of picosecond pulse laser or femtosecond pulse shown in described above and figure
What construction was all merely exemplary, under the teachings of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can carry out various changes or change
Type, all these modifications are without departure from the scope of the present invention being defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of control method of optical fiber psec and femtosecond pulse output switching device, this method comprises the following steps:
S1:When needing output picosecond pulse laser, tunable filter is adjusted, the light for making it choose the output of picosecond laser oscillator
Boundary of spectrum part, at the same by the position adjustment of high reflective mirror to spectrum picopulse without deviation by entering psec times after enocscope
The position of frequency device;
S2:When needing output femtosecond pulse, tunable filter is adjusted, it is chosen picosecond laser oscillator output spectrum
Core, enters pulse shortener and flies while the position adjustment of high reflective mirror to spectrum picopulse is produced after 90 degree of deviations
The position of second frequency multiplier;Characterized in that, the optical fiber psec and femtosecond pulse output switching device include:It is suitable along light path
Light source, picosecond laser oscillator, tunable filter, fiber amplifier and the enocscope of secondary setting, wherein, picosecond laser vibration
Device, for output spectrum;Tunable filter, for choose the spectrum of different wave length in picosecond laser oscillator output spectrum into
Point;Fiber amplifier, for the mean power of the filtered pulse of tunable filter to be lifted;Enocscope, it includes high reflective mirror,
For light path to be switched into two different output ports, one of output port has been sequentially connected with pulse shortener and femtosecond
Frequency multiplier, pulse shortener is used to the picopulse of broadband spectral being compressed to femtosecond pulse;Femtosecond frequency multiplier is used for using again
Broadband Femtosecond pulse frequency multiplication to shorter wavelength is produced second harmonic or triple-frequency harmonics by frequency crystal;And another output port connects
Psec frequency multiplier is connected to, for exporting picopulse, when tunable filter chooses picosecond laser oscillator output spectrum edge part
Timesharing, the position of high reflective mirror cause spectrum picopulse without deviation by entering psec frequency multiplier after enocscope, when adjustable filter
When ripple device chooses picosecond laser oscillator output spectrum core, high reflective mirror turns to another position, so that spectrum psec
Enter pulse shortener and femtosecond frequency multiplier after 90 degree of deviations of pulses generation.
2. control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described output switching device, wherein also include with
Tunable filter and femtosecond/psec switching driver of enocscope connection, for driving tunable filter and enocscope, to divide
The selection of spectrum and the rotation of high reflective mirror are not realized.
3. control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Wherein tunable filter and enocscope are all automatically controlled
's.
4. control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Wherein picosecond laser oscillator revolves for nonlinear polarization
The Totally positive dispersion optical fiber laser of twist lock mould.
5. control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Wherein tunable filter is based on the adjustable of F-P cavity
The wave filter of the wave filter or interference filter chip architecture of wave filter or optical grating construction.
6. control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Wherein fiber amplifier include optical fiber prime amplifier with
And optical fiber main amplifier.
7. control method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:Wherein optical fiber prime amplifier is the optical fiber of fibre core pumping
Amplifier, for by 20mW power ascension to more than 200mW.
8. control method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:Output switching device according to claim 6,
Wherein optical fiber main amplifier is the fiber amplifier of cladding pumping, for by 200mW power ascension to more than 10W.
9. the control method according to one of claim 1-8, wherein further comprising the steps of:
The adjustment of tunable filter and enocscope is controlled by femtosecond/psec switch controller.
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WO2017004473A1 (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Cornell University | Multimodal imaging source based on femtosecond lasers for picosecond pulse generation |
CN107017342A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-08-04 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of method of the ultrashort pulse picosecond laser induced phase transition materials film crystallization of use different wave length |
CN108649418B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2024-02-02 | 天津欧泰激光科技有限公司 | Self-starting nonlinear spectrum broadening and offset filtering mode-locked laser |
CN109286119B (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-08-30 | 深圳市大德激光技术有限公司 | The output switching device of ultrafast pulse optical fiber laser |
CN111098034A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-05-05 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Multilayer material product marking device and method |
CN111129937A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-08 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Narrow-band picosecond mode-locked fiber laser |
CN112271538A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-26 | 北京卓镭激光技术有限公司 | Laser and pulse width modulation method thereof |
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