CN105790053A - Flat spectrum output intermediate infrared supercontinuum laser implementation method - Google Patents
Flat spectrum output intermediate infrared supercontinuum laser implementation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105790053A CN105790053A CN201610307173.7A CN201610307173A CN105790053A CN 105790053 A CN105790053 A CN 105790053A CN 201610307173 A CN201610307173 A CN 201610307173A CN 105790053 A CN105790053 A CN 105790053A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06716—Fibre compositions or doping with active elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
- H01S3/10015—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by monitoring or controlling, e.g. attenuating, the input signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flat spectrum output intermediate infrared supercontinuum laser implementation method, and the method is implemented on a flat spectrum output intermediate infrared supercontinuum laser. The laser consists of a main controller, a pumping source module group, an annular laser module group, and a supercontinuum generation and monitoring module group. The method comprises the steps: wavelength selection, seed laser generation, seed laser power amplification, laser compression and re-amplification, supercontinuum generation and monitoring, and seed laser power repeat frequency adaptive adjustment. The beneficial effects of the invention are that the method can implement the laser outputting the intermediate infrared supercontinuum, and meets the demands of precise wide spectrum quantitative analysis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the structure of a kind of laser instrument and realize method, particularly relating to a kind of mid-infrared super continuous spectrums flat spectrum output based on reaction type FMAM multiwavelength laser pumping and realize method.
Background technology
Super continuous spectrums laser refer to when pumping laser is through special fiber waveguide, a series of nonlinear effect causes the spectrum widening of incoming laser beam, thus exporting wide spectral laser bundle to claim super continuous spectrums.Especially as the development of ultrafast laser and photonic crystal fiber (Photoniccrystalfibers is called for short PCF) technology, ultrashort pulse propagation in PCF is utilized to have become as, to produce super continuum light, the problem that the whole world is noticeable.This technology has only to low-down pulse energy (about 1nJ) just can produce super continuum light, and obtained super continuum light is relevant and high this of brightness makes it desirable white light source.
Super continuous spectrums laser instrument has obtained rapid development since being born, and particularly in spectral region aspect, substantially covers from ultraviolet to mid-infrared spectral coverage.Additionally, also achieve huge progress in high-power and device miniaturization.Owing to the devices such as optical fiber are had higher requirement and restriction by mid-infrared laser, mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser instrument cannot realize with common PCF optical fiber.Recently as ZBLAN and rear-earth-doped Zirconium tetrafluoride ./barium fluorine/lanthanum fluoride/aluminium fluoride/sodium fluoride (ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF) etc. the appearance of fluoride fiber, it is excellent in the performance of mid-infrared, therefore occurs in that the super continuous spectrums laser instrument based on ZBLAN optical fiber technology.
But, the application scenario of precision width quantitative spectrochemical analysis is needed at some, the super continuous laser source of current mid-infrared cannot be competent at, because there are some problems in the technical specifications such as output spectrum flatness and stability in existing mid-infrared super continuous spectrums lasing light emitter, it is impossible to adapt to the requirement that wide range accurate quantification is analyzed.Therefore, the super continuous spectrums laser instrument how realizing high output spectrum flatness and stability is a urgent need to solve the problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the mid-infrared super continuous spectrums of a kind of high output spectrum flatness and stability and realize method, it, based on the mode of reaction type FMAM multiwavelength laser pumping, can meet the demand of precision width quantitative spectrochemical analysis.
The technical scheme is that and be achieved in, the present invention be high output spectrum flatness and stability mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser instrument on realize, it by master controller, pumping source module, ring laser module and super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module form.
Pumping source module is for producing the multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser of ring laser assembly.It comprises frequency controller, the first pulse generator, the first shaping amplifier, the first laser tube drive circuit, the second pulse generator, the second shaping amplifier, the second laser tube drive circuit, the 3rd pulse generator, the 3rd shaping amplifier, the 3rd laser tube drive circuit, three-in-one optical fiber, the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator；Wherein the first laser tube drive circuit is made up of the first field effect transistor drive circuit, the first field effect transistor and the first laser diode and discharge loop thereof；Similarly, the second laser tube drive circuit is made up of the second field effect transistor drive circuit, the second field effect transistor and the second laser diode and discharge loop thereof；3rd laser tube drive circuit is made up of the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit, the 3rd field effect transistor and the 3rd laser diode and discharge loop thereof；Frequency controller for the first pulse generator, the second pulse generator and the 3rd pulse generator be operated frequency adjustment.
Ring laser module comprises the first semiconductor laser, second semiconductor laser, 3rd semiconductor laser, four-in-one photo-coupler, annular chamber, power controller, first semiconductor laser power amplifier, second semiconductor laser power amplifier, 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier, first negative GVD optical fiber, first wave division multiplexer, ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, second wavelength division multiplexer, second negative GVD optical fiber, second Polarization Controller, 3rd Polarization Controller, Faraday isolator and the 4th Polarization Controller, multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser for pumping source module is sent carries out power amplification and pulse mode-locked compression；Power controller is for carrying out power adjustments to the first semiconductor laser power amplifier, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier, the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier.
Super continuous spectrums produces and monitoring module comprises ZBLAN fiber coupler, ZBLAN optical fiber, mid-infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber, output interface and wide spectrum spectrogrph, for producing mid-infrared super continuous spectrums pulse laser, its spectral characteristic is monitored in real time simultaneously, and monitoring result is fed back to master controller.
Master controller contains the hardware circuit and software system that perform control and data analysis, for controlling the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, the 3rd semiconductor laser, power controller, frequency controller and wide spectrum spectrogrph, and the output spectrum signal receiving wide spectrum spectrogrph carries out spectral data analysis.
The super flat spectrum output of mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser instrument realizes according to the following steps:
(1) the zero-dispersion wavelength λ according to ZBLAN optical fiber0, obtain the frequency f of its correspondence0；Setpoint frequency difference Δ f, setpoint frequency f1=f0+ Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence1；Similarly, setpoint frequency f2=f0-Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence2；
(2) operation wavelength selecting the first laser diode and the first semiconductor laser is λ0；The operation wavelength selecting the second laser diode and the second semiconductor laser is λ1；The operation wavelength selecting the 3rd laser diode and the 3rd semiconductor laser is λ2；
(3) master controller sends control instruction to frequency controller, and the pulse frequency of the first pulse generator, the second pulse generator and the 3rd pulse generator three is set as identical initial value F by frequency controller1=F2=F3, and so as to start work；
(4) master controller sends control instruction startup wide spectrum spectrogrph, the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, the 3rd semiconductor laser；
(5) master controller sends control instruction to power controller, and the amplification of the first semiconductor laser power amplifier, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier, the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier is set an identical initial value A by power controller1=A2=A3；
The frequency that (6) first pulse generators send is F1Electric pulse first carry out shaping pulse through the first shaping amplifier, regulate high level dutycycle, the frequency forming nanosecond is F1Electric pulse, after power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the first field effect transistor drive circuit in the first laser tube drive circuit, it is F that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency1Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the first field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the first laser diode discharge loop, making the first laser diode produce repetition is F1Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that the second pulse generator sends is F2Electric pulse first carry out shaping pulse through the second shaping amplifier, regulate high level dutycycle, the frequency forming nanosecond is F2Electric pulse, after power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the second field effect transistor drive circuit in the second laser tube drive circuit, it is F that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency2Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the second field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the second laser diode discharge loop, making the second laser diode produce repetition is F2Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that the 3rd pulse generator sends is F3Electric pulse first carry out shaping pulse through the 3rd shaping amplifier, regulate high level dutycycle, the frequency forming nanosecond is F3Electric pulse, after power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit in the 3rd laser tube drive circuit, it is F that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency3Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the 3rd field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the 3rd laser diode discharge loop, making the 3rd laser diode produce repetition is F3Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
(7) three beams wavelength respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Pulse seed laser in three-in-one optical fiber coupled into optical fibres, be transferred into ring laser module then through the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator.The effect of the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator is to eliminate the issuable echo interference of ring laser module；
(8) the first semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ0Continuous pump laser beam is through the first semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A1Power amplification after, after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile with both direction enter annular chamber, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ0Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber.3rd Polarization Controller, Faraday isolator and the 4th Polarization Controller one resonator of composition; utilize nonlinear polarization rotation effect; form equivalence saturable absorber; nonlinear birefringence effect in recycling optical fiber; ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse is produced based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber; and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
Meanwhile, the second semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ1Continuous pump laser beam is through the second semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A2Power amplification after, after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile with both direction enter annular chamber, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ1Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber.Producing ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
Similarly, the 3rd semiconductor laser in identical time, ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ2Continuous pump laser beam is through the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A3Power amplification after, after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile with both direction enter annular chamber, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ2Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber.Utilizing the nonlinear birefringence effect in optical fiber, produce ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
(9) the wavelength respectively λ of ring laser module output0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser enter continuous spectrum and produce and in monitoring module, entered after ZBLAN optical fiber by ZBLAN fiber coupler, due to the nonlinear effect that each rank are all types of in ZBLAN optical fiber, formed respectively with λ0、λ1、λ2Centered by spectrum widening, the width of its broadening and intensity and λ0、λ1、λ2The power of femtosecond pulsed laser relevant to repetition, the spectrum of three broadenings is overlapped mutually, and forms mid-infrared femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser；
(10) femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser is divided into two-way by after mid-infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber, and output interface of leading up to exports；Another road enters wide spectrum spectrogrph and is monitored, and its super continuous spectrums monitoring result is sent to master controller；
(11) super continuous spectrums monitoring result is analyzed by master controller, evaluates its spectrum flatness, is simultaneously generated new power amplification multiple A1、A2、A3, new repetition F1、F2、F3；And send control instruction to power controller and frequency controller, give the first semiconductor laser power amplifier, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier, the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier, the first pulse generator, the second pulse generator and the 3rd pulse generator respectively by these six new parameters；
(12) (6) are constantly repeated to (11), until super continuous spectrums monitoring result meets flatness requirement.So far, by up-to-date A1、A2、A3、F1、F2、F3Fixing, finally realize the mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser output of high output spectrum flatness and stability.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser instrument have employed the mode of a kind of reaction type FMAM multiwavelength laser pumping ZBLAN optical fiber, in conjunction with mid-infrared width spectrum spectrum monitoring, regulate power and the repetition of multi wavelength pumping laser adaptively, the super continuous spectrums laser output of high output spectrum flatness and stability is realized by superposition, realize output mid-infrared flatness super continuous spectrums laser instrument, meet the demand of the aspects such as precision width quantitative spectrochemical analysis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is in principles of the invention figure, figure: 1 master controller；2 pumping source modules；3 frequency controllers；4 first pulse generators；5 first shaping amplifiers；6 first laser diodes；7 first field effect transistor；8 first field effect transistor drive circuits；9 second pulse generators；10 second shaping amplifiers；11 second laser diodes；12 second field effect transistor；13 second field effect transistor drive circuits；14 the 3rd pulse generators；15 the 3rd shaping amplifiers；16 the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuits；17 the 3rd field effect transistor；18 the 3rd laser diodes；19 three-in-one optical fiber；20 first Polarization Controllers；21 optoisolators；22 ring laser modules；23 first negative GVD optical fiber；24 first wave division multiplexers；25 the 4th Polarization Controllers；26 Faraday isolators；27 the 3rd Polarization Controllers；28 ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifiers；29 second wavelength division multiplexers；30 second negative GVD optical fiber；31 second Polarization Controllers；32 super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；33 ZBLAN fiber couplers；34 ZBLAN optical fiber；35 mid-infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber；36 output interfaces；37 wide spectrum spectrogrphs；38 four-in-one photo-couplers；39 first semiconductor lasers；40 second semiconductor lasers；41 the 3rd semiconductor lasers；42 first laser tube drive circuits；43 second laser tube drive circuits；44 the 3rd laser tube drive circuits；45 annular chambers；46 power controllers；47 first semiconductor laser power amplifiers；48 second semiconductor laser power amplifiers；49 the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifiers.
Note: GVD and groupvelocitydispersion, GVD；ZBLAN and rear-earth-doped Zirconium tetrafluoride ./barium fluorine/lanthanum fluoride/aluminium fluoride/sodium fluoride (ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF)。
Detailed description of the invention
The specific embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 1.
The structure of the multi-wavelength FMAM flat spectrum output mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser instrument that the present invention proposes is as it is shown in figure 1, this super continuous spectrums laser instrument is produced by master controller 1, pumping source module 2, ring laser module 22 and super continuous spectrums and monitoring module 32 forms.
Pumping source module 2 is for producing the multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser of ring laser assembly 22.It comprises frequency controller the 3, first pulse generator the 4, first shaping amplifier the 5, first laser tube drive circuit the 42, second pulse generator the 9, second shaping amplifier the 10, second laser tube drive circuit the 43, the 3rd pulse generator the 14, the 3rd shaping amplifier the 15, the 3rd laser tube drive circuit 44, three-in-one optical fiber the 19, first Polarization Controller 20 and optoisolator 21；Wherein the first laser tube drive circuit 42 is made up of first field effect transistor drive circuit the 8, first field effect transistor 7 and the first laser diode 6 and discharge loop thereof；Similarly, the second laser tube drive circuit 43 is made up of second field effect transistor drive circuit the 13, second field effect transistor 12 and the second laser diode 11 and discharge loop thereof；3rd laser tube drive circuit 44 is made up of the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit the 16, the 3rd field effect transistor 17 and the 3rd laser diode 18 and discharge loop thereof；Frequency controller 3 for being operated the adjustment of frequency to first pulse generator the 4, second pulse generator 9 and the 3rd pulse generator 14.
Ring laser module 22 comprises the first semiconductor laser 39, second semiconductor laser 40, 3rd semiconductor laser 41, four-in-one photo-coupler 38, annular chamber 45, power controller 46, first semiconductor laser power amplifier 47, second semiconductor laser power amplifier 48, 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier 49, first negative GVD optical fiber 23, first wave division multiplexer 24, ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28, second wavelength division multiplexer 29, second negative GVD optical fiber 30, second Polarization Controller 31, 3rd Polarization Controller 27, Faraday isolator 26 and the 4th Polarization Controller 25, multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser for pumping source module 2 is sent carries out power amplification and pulse mode-locked compression；Power controller 46 is for carrying out power adjustments to first semiconductor laser power amplifier the 47, second semiconductor laser power amplifier the 48, the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier 49.
Super continuous spectrums produces and monitoring module 32 comprises ZBLAN fiber coupler 33, ZBLAN optical fiber 34, mid-infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber 35, output interface 36 and wide spectrum spectrogrph 37, for producing mid-infrared super continuous spectrums pulse laser, its spectral characteristic is monitored in real time simultaneously, and monitoring result is fed back to master controller 1.
Master controller 1 is containing performing to control the hardware circuit with data analysis and software system, for controlling first semiconductor laser the 39, second semiconductor laser the 40, the 3rd semiconductor laser 41, power controller 46, frequency controller 3 and wide spectrum spectrogrph 37, and the output spectrum signal receiving wide spectrum spectrogrph 37 carries out spectral data analysis.
The super flat spectrum output of super continuous spectrums laser instrument realizes according to the following steps:
(1) the zero-dispersion wavelength λ according to ZBLAN optical fiber 340, obtain the frequency f of its correspondence0；Setpoint frequency difference Δ f, setpoint frequency f1=f0+ Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence1；Similarly, setpoint frequency f2=f0-Δ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence2；(λ in the present embodiment0=1622nm, f0=1.85 × 1014Hz；Δ f=1 × 1014Hz；f1=2.85 × 1014Hz, λ1=1053nm；f2=0.85 × 1014, λ2=3529nm)
(2) operation wavelength selecting the first laser diode 6 and the first semiconductor laser 39 is λ0；The operation wavelength selecting the second laser diode 11 and the second semiconductor laser 40 is λ1；The operation wavelength selecting the 3rd laser diode 18 and the 3rd semiconductor laser 41 is λ2；
(3) master controller 1 sends control instruction to frequency controller 3, and the pulse frequency of first pulse generator the 4, second pulse generator 9 and the 3rd pulse generator 14 three is set as identical initial value F by frequency controller 31=F2=F3, and so as to start work；(in the present embodiment, pulse frequency initial value is 100MHz)
(4) master controller 1 sends control instruction startup wide spectrum spectrogrph the 37, first semiconductor laser the 39, second semiconductor laser the 40, the 3rd semiconductor laser 41；
(5) master controller 1 sends control instruction to power controller 46, and the amplification of first semiconductor laser power amplifier the 47, second semiconductor laser power amplifier the 48, the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier 49 is set an identical initial value A by power controller 461=A2=A3；
The frequency that (6) first pulse generators 4 send is F1Electric pulse first carry out shaping pulse through the first shaping amplifier 5, regulate high level dutycycle, the frequency forming nanosecond is F1Electric pulse, after power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the first field effect transistor drive circuit 8 in the first laser tube drive circuit 42, it is F that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency1Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the first field effect transistor 7, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the first laser diode 6 discharge loop, making the first laser diode 6 produce repetition is F1Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that the second pulse generator 9 sends is F2Electric pulse first carry out shaping pulse through the second shaping amplifier 10, regulate high level dutycycle, the frequency forming nanosecond is F2Electric pulse, after power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the second field effect transistor drive circuit 13 in the second laser tube drive circuit 43, it is F that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency2Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the second field effect transistor 12, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the second laser diode 11 discharge loop, making the second laser diode 11 produce repetition is F2Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that the 3rd pulse generator 14 sends is F3Electric pulse first carry out shaping pulse through the 3rd shaping amplifier 15, regulate high level dutycycle, the frequency forming nanosecond is F3Electric pulse, after power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit 16 in the 3rd laser tube drive circuit 44, it is F that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency3Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the 3rd field effect transistor 17, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the 3rd laser diode 18 discharge loop, making the 3rd laser diode 18 produce repetition is F3Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
(7) three beams wavelength respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Pulse seed laser in three-in-one optical fiber 19 coupled into optical fibres, be transferred into ring laser module 22 then through the first Polarization Controller 20 and optoisolator 21.The effect of the first Polarization Controller 20 and optoisolator 21 is to eliminate the issuable echo interference of ring laser module 22；
(8) the first semiconductor laser 39 in ring laser module 22, the wavelength of transmitting is λ0Continuous pump laser beam is through the first semiconductor laser power amplifier 47 multiple A1Power amplification after, after 41 liang of deciles of four-in-one photo-coupler with both direction enter annular chamber 45, after first wave division multiplexer 24 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 29, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28.The wavelength of pumping source module 2 output is λ0Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber 10 simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber 23, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber 45.3rd Polarization Controller 27, Faraday isolator 26 and the 4th Polarization Controller 25 form a resonator; utilize nonlinear polarization rotation effect; form equivalence saturable absorber; nonlinear birefringence effect in recycling optical fiber; ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse is produced based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber; and make the laser in annular chamber 45 along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller 31 is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module 32；
Meanwhile, the second semiconductor laser 40 in ring laser module 22, the wavelength of transmitting is λ1Continuous pump laser beam is through the second semiconductor laser power amplifier 48 multiple A2Power amplification after, after 41 liang of deciles of four-in-one photo-coupler with both direction enter annular chamber 45, after first wave division multiplexer 24 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 29, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28.The wavelength of pumping source module 2 output is λ1Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber 10 simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber 23, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber 45.Producing ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber 45 along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller 31 is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module 32；
Similarly, the 3rd semiconductor laser 41 in identical time, ring laser module 22, the wavelength of transmitting is λ2Continuous pump laser beam is through the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier 49 multiple A3Power amplification after, after 41 liang of deciles of four-in-one photo-coupler with both direction enter annular chamber 45, after first wave division multiplexer 24 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 29, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28.The wavelength of pumping source module 2 output is λ2Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber 10 simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber 23, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber 45.Utilizing the nonlinear birefringence effect in optical fiber, produce ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber 45 along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller 31 is λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module 32；
(9) the wavelength respectively λ of ring laser module 22 output0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser enter continuous spectrum produce and monitoring module 32 in, after entering ZBLAN optical fiber 34 by ZBLAN fiber coupler 33, due to the nonlinear effect that each rank are all types of in ZBLAN optical fiber 34, formed respectively with λ0、λ1、λ2Centered by spectrum widening, the width of its broadening and intensity and λ0、λ1、λ2The power of femtosecond pulsed laser relevant to repetition, the spectrum of three broadenings is overlapped mutually, and forms mid-infrared femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser, and in the present embodiment, super continuous spectrums ranges for 1500nm-3800nm；
(10) femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser is divided into two-way by after mid-infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber 35, and output interface 36 of leading up to exports；Another road enters wide spectrum spectrogrph 37 and is monitored, and its super continuous spectrums monitoring result is sent to master controller 1；
(11) super continuous spectrums monitoring result is analyzed by master controller 1, evaluates its spectrum flatness, is simultaneously generated new power amplification multiple A1、A2、A3, new repetition F1、F2、F3；And send control instruction to power controller 46 and frequency controller 3, these six new parameters are given respectively the first semiconductor laser power amplifier the 47, second semiconductor laser power amplifier the 48, the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier the 49, first pulse generator the 4, second pulse generator 9 and the 3rd pulse generator 14；
(12) (6) are constantly repeated to (11), until super continuous spectrums monitoring result meets flatness requirement.So far, by up-to-date A1、A2、A3、F1、F2、F3Fixing, finally realize the mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser output of high output spectrum flatness and stability.
Claims (1)
1. the mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser of a flat spectrum output realizes method, the method realizes on smooth output mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser instrument, described super continuous spectrums laser instrument includes master controller (1), pumping source module (2), frequency controller (3), first pulse generator (4), first shaping amplifier (5), first laser diode (6), first field effect transistor (7), first field effect transistor drive circuit (8), second pulse generator (9), second shaping amplifier (10), second laser diode (11)；nullSecond field effect transistor (12)、Second field effect transistor drive circuit (13)、3rd pulse generator (14)、3rd shaping amplifier (15)、3rd field effect transistor drive circuit (16)、3rd field effect transistor (17)、3rd laser diode (18)、Three-in-one optical fiber (19)、First Polarization Controller (20)、Optoisolator (21)、Ring laser module (22)、First negative GVD optical fiber (23)、First wave division multiplexer (24)、4th Polarization Controller (25)、Faraday isolator (26)、3rd Polarization Controller (27)、Ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier (28)、Second wavelength division multiplexer (29)、Second negative GVD optical fiber (30)、Second Polarization Controller (31)、Super continuous spectrums produces and monitoring module (32)、ZBLAN fiber coupler (33)、ZBLAN optical fiber (34)、Mid-infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber (35)、Output interface (36)、Wide spectrum spectrogrph (37)、Four-in-one photo-coupler (38)、First semiconductor laser (39)、Second semiconductor laser (40)、3rd semiconductor laser (41)、First laser tube drive circuit (42)、Second laser tube drive circuit (43)、3rd laser tube drive circuit (44)、Annular chamber (45)、Power controller (46)、First semiconductor laser power amplifier (47)、Second semiconductor laser power amplifier (48)、3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier (49)；It is characterized in that the mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser acquisition methods step that femtosecond flat spectrum exports is as follows:
1) the zero-dispersion wavelength λ according to ZBLAN optical fiber0, obtain the frequency f of its correspondence0；Setpoint frequency difference △ f, setpoint frequency f1=f0+ △ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence1；Similarly, setpoint frequency f2=f0-△ f, obtains the wavelength X of its correspondence2；
2) operation wavelength selecting the first laser diode and the first semiconductor laser is λ0；The operation wavelength selecting the second laser diode and the second semiconductor laser is λ1；The operation wavelength selecting the 3rd laser diode and the 3rd semiconductor laser is λ2；
3) master controller sends control instruction to frequency controller, and the pulse frequency of the first pulse generator, the second pulse generator and the 3rd pulse generator three is set as identical initial value F by frequency controller1=F2=F3, and so as to start work；
4) master controller sends control instruction startup wide spectrum spectrogrph, the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, the 3rd semiconductor laser；
5) master controller sends control instruction to power controller, and the amplification of the first semiconductor laser power amplifier, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier, the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier is set an identical initial value A by power controller1=A2=A3；
6) frequency that the first pulse generator sends is F1Electric pulse first carry out shaping pulse through the first shaping amplifier, regulate high level dutycycle, the frequency forming nanosecond is F1Electric pulse, after power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the first field effect transistor drive circuit in the first laser tube drive circuit, it is F that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency1Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the first field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the first laser diode discharge loop, making the first laser diode produce repetition is F1Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that the second pulse generator sends is F2Electric pulse first carry out shaping pulse through the second shaping amplifier, regulate high level dutycycle, the frequency forming nanosecond is F2Electric pulse, after power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the second field effect transistor drive circuit in the second laser tube drive circuit, it is F that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency2Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the second field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the second laser diode discharge loop, making the second laser diode produce repetition is F2Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that the 3rd pulse generator sends is F3Electric pulse first carry out shaping pulse through the 3rd shaping amplifier, regulate high level dutycycle, the frequency forming nanosecond is F3Electric pulse, after power amplification, send into the control pin of field effect transistor driving chip in the 3rd field effect transistor drive circuit in the 3rd laser tube drive circuit, it is F that the output pin of field effect transistor driving chip produces frequency3Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling conducting and the cut-off of high-speed high-power the 3rd field effect transistor, for controlling the discharge and recharge of the 3rd laser diode discharge loop, making the 3rd laser diode produce repetition is F3Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
7) three beams wavelength respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Pulse seed laser in three-in-one optical fiber coupled into optical fibres, be transferred into ring laser module then through the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator.The effect of the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator is to eliminate the issuable echo interference of ring laser module；
8) the first semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ0Continuous pump laser beam is through the first semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A1Power amplification after, after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile with both direction enter annular chamber, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ0Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out (chirp) compensation of warbling in annular chamber.3rd Polarization Controller, Faraday isolator and the 4th Polarization Controller one resonator of composition; utilize nonlinear polarization rotation effect; form equivalence saturable absorber; nonlinear birefringence effect in recycling optical fiber; ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse is produced based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber; and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
Meanwhile, the second semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ1Continuous pump laser beam is through the second semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A2Power amplification after, after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile with both direction enter annular chamber, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ1Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out chirp compensation in annular chamber.Producing ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
Similarly, the 3rd semiconductor laser in identical time, ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ2Continuous pump laser beam is through the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A3Power amplification after, after four-in-one photo-coupler two decile with both direction enter annular chamber, after first wave division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer, from both direction pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ2Nanosecond pulse seed laser carry out power amplification through ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, this nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber simultaneously, pulse obtains compression, owing to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so this nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse obtains recompression, carries out chirp compensation in annular chamber.Utilizing the nonlinear birefringence effect in optical fiber, produce ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, exporting high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller is λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums produce and monitoring module；
9) the wavelength respectively λ of ring laser module output0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser enter continuous spectrum and produce and in monitoring module, entered after ZBLAN optical fiber by ZBLAN fiber coupler, due to the nonlinear effect that each rank are all types of in ZBLAN optical fiber, formed respectively with λ0、λ1、λ2Centered by spectrum widening, the width of its broadening and intensity and λ0、λ1、λ2The power of femtosecond pulsed laser relevant to repetition, the spectrum of three broadenings is overlapped mutually, and forms mid-infrared femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser；
10) femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser is divided into two-way by after mid-infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber, and output interface of leading up to exports；Another road enters wide spectrum spectrogrph and is monitored, and its super continuous spectrums monitoring result is sent to master controller；
11) super continuous spectrums monitoring result is analyzed by master controller, evaluates its spectrum flatness, is simultaneously generated new power amplification multiple A1、A2、A3, new repetition F1、F2、F3；And send control instruction to power controller and frequency controller, give the first semiconductor laser power amplifier, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier, the 3rd semiconductor laser power amplifier, the first pulse generator, the second pulse generator and the 3rd pulse generator respectively by these six new parameters；
12) step 6 is constantly repeated) to 11), until super continuous spectrums monitoring result meets flatness requirement.So far, by up-to-date A1、A2、A3、F1、F2、F3Fixing, finally realize the mid-infrared super continuous spectrums laser output of high output spectrum flatness and stability.
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