CN105790053B - Infrared super continuous spectrums laser implementation method in a kind of output of flat spectrum - Google Patents

Infrared super continuous spectrums laser implementation method in a kind of output of flat spectrum Download PDF

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CN105790053B
CN105790053B CN201610307173.7A CN201610307173A CN105790053B CN 105790053 B CN105790053 B CN 105790053B CN 201610307173 A CN201610307173 A CN 201610307173A CN 105790053 B CN105790053 B CN 105790053B
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laser
optical fiber
pulse
wavelength
power
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CN105790053A (en
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万雄
刘鹏希
章婷婷
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of CAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • H01S3/06716—Fibre compositions or doping with active elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
    • H01S3/10015—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by monitoring or controlling, e.g. attenuating, the input signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
    • H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems

Abstract

Infrared super continuous spectrums laser implementation method in being exported the invention discloses a kind of flat spectrum, this method realizes that the super continuous spectrums laser is made of master controller, pumping source module, ring laser module and supercontinuum generation and monitoring module in flat output on infrared super continuous spectrums laser.This method include wavelength selection, seed laser generate, seed laser power amplification, laser compression and amplify again, super continuous spectrums generate and monitoring, seed laser power repetition automatic adjusument.The invention has the advantages that this method can realize infrared flatness super continuous spectrums laser in output, meets the needs of precision wide spectrum quantitative analysis etc..

Description

Infrared super continuous spectrums laser implementation method in a kind of output of flat spectrum
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structure of laser and implementation method, more particularly to one kind are more based on reaction type FM amplitude modulation Infrared super continuous spectrums flat spectrum exports implementation method in wavelength laser pumping.
Background technology
Super continuous spectrums laser refer to when pumping laser pass through special optical waveguide when, a series of nonlinear effect causes incidence The spectrum widening of laser beam, to export wide spectrum laser beam-title super continuous spectrums.Especially as ultrafast laser and photonic crystal The development of optical fiber (Photonic crystal fibers, abbreviation PCF) technology, is produced using propagation of the ultrashort pulse in PCF Raw super continuum light has become the noticeable project in the whole world.This technology only needs low-down pulse energy (about Super continuum light can 1nJ) be generated, and obtained super continuum light is relevant and brightness is high --- this makes it ideal White light source.
Super continuous spectrums laser has obtained rapid development since birth, especially in terms of spectral region, covers substantially Infrared spectral coverage has been covered from ultraviolet in.In addition, also achieving huge progress in terms of high-power and device miniaturization.Due in Infrared laser to the devices such as optical fiber have it is higher requirement and limitation, in infrared super continuous spectrums laser can not use common PCF light Fibre is realized.Recently as ZBLAN, that is, rear-earth-doped zirconium fluoride/barium fluorine/lanthanum fluoride/aluminum fluoride/sodium fluoride (ZrF4-BaF2- LaF3-AlF3- NaF) etc. fluoride fibers appearance, infrared performance is excellent in, thus occur be based on ZBLAN optical fiber The super continuous spectrums laser of technology.
However, in the application scenario that some need to refine wide spectrum quantitative analysis, current middle infrared excess continuous laser Source can not be competent at, because infrared super continuous spectrums lasing light emitter is in the technical indicators such as output spectrum flatness and stability in existing There are problems that, the requirement of wide range accurate quantification analysis can not be adapted to.Therefore, height output spectral flatness and steady how is realized Qualitative super continuous spectrums laser is a urgent need to solve the problem.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide infrared super continuous spectrums in a kind of height output spectral flatness and stability to realize Method, its mode based on the pumping of reaction type FM amplitude modulation multiwavelength laser, can meet the need of precision wide spectrum quantitative analysis It asks.
The technical scheme is that be achieved in, the present invention be height output spectral flatness and stability In realize on infrared super continuous spectrums laser, it is by master controller, pumping source module, ring laser module and super continuous spectrums It generates and monitoring module forms.
Pumping source module is used to generate the multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser of loop laser device assembly.It includes FREQUENCY CONTROL Device, the first impulse generator, the first shaping amplifier, first laser tube drive circuit, the second impulse generator, the second shaping are put Big device, second laser tube drive circuit, third impulse generator, third shaping amplifier, third laser tube drive circuit, three close One optical fiber, the first Polarization Controller and optoisolator；Wherein first laser tube drive circuit by the first field-effect tube driving circuit, First field-effect tube and first laser diode and its discharge loop composition；Similarly, second laser tube drive circuit is by second Field-effect tube driving circuit, the second field-effect tube and second laser diode and its discharge loop composition；Third laser tube drives Circuit is made of third field-effect tube driving circuit, third field-effect tube and third laser diode and its discharge loop；Frequency Controller is used to carry out the first impulse generator, the second impulse generator and third impulse generator the tune of working frequency Section.
Ring laser module include the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, third semiconductor laser, Four-in-one photo-coupler, annular chamber, power controller, the first semiconductor laser power amplifier, the second semiconductor laser Power amplifier, third semiconductor laser power amplifier, the first negative GVD optical fiber, the first wavelength division multiplexer, Yb dosed optical fiber are put Big device, the second wavelength division multiplexer, the second negative GVD optical fiber, the second Polarization Controller, third Polarization Controller, faraday are optically isolated Device and the 4th Polarization Controller, multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser for being sent to pumping source module carry out power amplification and Pulse mode-locked compression；Power controller is used for the first semiconductor laser power amplifier, the second semiconductor laser power Amplifier, third semiconductor laser power amplifier carry out power regulation.
Supercontinuum generation and monitoring module include ZBLAN fiber couplers, ZBLAN optical fiber, in infrared one-in-and-two-out light Fine, output interface and wide spectrum spectrometer, for infrared super continuous spectrums pulse laser in generating, while to its spectral characteristic into Row monitoring in real time, and monitoring result is fed back into master controller.
Master controller contains the hardware circuit and software systems for executing control and data analysis, for controlling the first semiconductor Laser, the second semiconductor laser, third semiconductor laser, power controller, frequency controller and wide spectrum spectrometer, And the output spectrum signal for receiving wide spectrum spectrometer carries out spectral data analysis.
In infrared super continuous spectrums laser super flat spectrum output realize according to the following steps：
(1) according to the zero-dispersion wavelength λ of ZBLAN optical fiber0, find out its corresponding frequency f0；Setpoint frequency difference Δ f, setting frequency Rate f1=f0+ Δ f finds out its corresponding wavelength X1；Similarly, setpoint frequency f2=f0Δ f finds out its corresponding wavelength X2；
(2) select the operation wavelength of first laser diode and the first semiconductor laser for λ0；Select second laser two Pole pipe and the operation wavelength of the second semiconductor laser are λ1；Select the work of third laser diode and third semiconductor laser It is λ to make wavelength2；
(3) master controller sends out control instruction to frequency controller, and frequency controller is by the first impulse generator, the second arteries and veins The pulse frequency for rushing generator and third impulse generator three is set as identical initial value F1=F2=F3, and be allowed to start Work；
(4) master controller sends out control instruction startup wide spectrum spectrometer, the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor and swashs Light device, third semiconductor laser；
(5) master controller sends out control instruction to power controller, and power controller is by the first semiconductor laser power The amplification factor setting one of amplifier, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier, third semiconductor laser power amplifier A identical initial value A1=A2=A3；
The frequency that (6) first impulse generators are sent out is F1Electric pulse to carry out pulse first through the first shaping amplifier whole Shape adjusts high level duty ratio, and the frequency for forming nanosecond is F1Electric pulse, after power amplification, be sent into first laser pipe The controlling switch of the field-effect tube driving chip in the first field-effect tube driving circuit in driving circuit, field-effect tube drive core It is F that the output pin of piece, which generates frequency,1Nanosecond pulse signal be used to control the conducting of the first field-effect tube of high-speed high-power And cut-off, the charge and discharge for controlling first laser diode discharge circuit, it is F so that first laser diode is generated repetition1's Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that the second impulse generator is sent out is F2Electric pulse carry out arteries and veins first through the second shaping amplifier Shaping is rushed, high level duty ratio is adjusted, the frequency for forming nanosecond is F2Electric pulse, after power amplification, be sent into second swash The controlling switch of the field-effect tube driving chip in the second field-effect tube driving circuit in light pipe driving circuit, field-effect tube are driven It is F that the output pin of dynamic chip, which generates frequency,2Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling the second field-effect tube of high-speed high-power On and off, the charge and discharge for controlling second laser diode discharge circuit, make second laser diode generate repetition be F2Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that third impulse generator is sent out is F3Electric pulse carry out arteries and veins first through third shaping amplifier Shaping is rushed, high level duty ratio is adjusted, the frequency for forming nanosecond is F3Electric pulse, after power amplification, be sent into third swash The controlling switch of the field-effect tube driving chip in third field-effect tube driving circuit in light pipe driving circuit, field-effect tube are driven It is F that the output pin of dynamic chip, which generates frequency,3Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling high-speed high-power third field-effect tube On and off, the charge and discharge for controlling third laser diode discharge loop, make third laser diode generate repetition be F3Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
(7) three beams wavelength is respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Pulse seed laser through three-in-one fiber coupling into optical fiber, then through One Polarization Controller and optoisolator are transferred into ring laser module.The effect of first Polarization Controller and optoisolator is Eliminate the issuable echo interference of ring laser module；
(8) wavelength of the first semiconductor laser in ring laser module, transmitting is λ0Continuous pump laser beam warp First semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A1Power amplification after, with two after two decile of four-in-one photo-coupler Direction enters annular chamber, passes through after the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer respectively, mixes ytterbium from both direction pumping Fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ0Nanosecond pulse seed laser by ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier carry out Power amplification, while the nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber, pulse is compressed, due to Yb dosed optical fiber Amplifier has positive GVD, so the nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse has obtained again Compression carries out chirp (chirp) compensation in annular chamber.Third Polarization Controller, Faraday isolator and the 4th polarization control Device processed forms a resonator, using nonlinear polarization rotation, forms equivalent saturable absorber, recycles in optical fiber Nonlinear birefringence effect generates ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and Make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, it is λ to export high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller0Femtosecond pulse swash Light is to supercontinuum generation and monitors module；
Meanwhile the second semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ1Continuous pump laser beam Through the second semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A2Power amplification after, with two after two decile of four-in-one photo-coupler A direction enters annular chamber, passes through after the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer respectively, is mixed from both direction pumping Ytterbium optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ1Nanosecond pulse seed laser by ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier into Row power amplification, while the nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber, pulse is compressed, due to mixing ytterbium light Fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so the nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse has obtained again Second compression carries out chirp (chirp) compensation in annular chamber.It is generated based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber super Short femtosecond laser pulse, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, high-power wave is exported by the second Polarization Controller A length of λ0Femtosecond pulsed laser to supercontinuum generation and monitoring module；
Similarly, the wavelength of the third semiconductor laser in same time, ring laser module, transmitting is λ2Even Continuous pump laser beam is through third semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A3Power amplification after, by four-in-one photo-coupler Annular chamber is entered with both direction after two deciles, is passed through after the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer respectively, from two A direction pumps ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier.The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ2Nanosecond pulse seed laser by mixing ytterbium Fiber amplifier carries out power amplification, while the nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber, and pulse is pressed Contracting, since ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier has positive GVD, so the nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, using the second negative GVD optical fiber Afterwards, pulse has obtained second compression again, and chirp (chirp) is carried out in annular chamber and is compensated.Utilize the nonlinear birefringence in optical fiber Effect generates ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and makes in annular chamber For laser along one-way transmission, it is λ to export high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller2Femtosecond pulsed laser to super continuous spectrums Generate and monitor module；
(9) wavelength of ring laser module output is respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser enter continuous spectrum production In raw and monitoring module, after entering ZBLAN optical fiber by ZBLAN fiber couplers, since each rank is all types of in ZBLAN optical fiber Nonlinear effect, formed respectively with λ0、λ1、λ2Centered on spectrum widening, the width and intensity and λ of broadening0、λ1、λ2's The power of femtosecond pulsed laser is related to repetition, and the spectrum of three broadenings is overlapped mutually, and infrared femtosecond grade is super continuous in formation Compose pulse laser；
(10) femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser is divided into two-way in passing through after infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber, all the way by defeated Outgoing interface exports；Another way enters wide spectrum spectrometer and is monitored, and super continuous spectrums monitoring result is sent to master controller；
(11) master controller analyzes super continuous spectrums monitoring result, evaluates its spectrum flatness, while generating newly Power amplification multiple A1、A2、A3, new repetition F1、F2、F3；And control instruction is sent out to power controller and frequency controller, it incites somebody to action This six new parameters assign the first semiconductor laser power amplifier, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier, respectively Three semiconductor laser power amplifiers, the first impulse generator, the second impulse generator and third impulse generator；
(12) (6) to (11) constantly are repeated, until super continuous spectrums monitoring result meets flatness requirement.It so far, will be newest A1、A2、A3、F1、F2、F3It is fixed, it is final to realize that infrared super continuous spectrums laser is defeated in height output spectral flatness and stability Go out.
The invention has the advantages that it is more to use a kind of reaction type FM amplitude modulation in infrared super continuous spectrums laser in Wavelength laser pumps the mode of ZBLAN optical fiber, in conjunction with middle infrared broad spectrum spectrum monitoring, multi wavelength pumping is adaptively adjusted and swashs The power of light and repetition are realized that the super continuous spectrums laser of height output spectral flatness and stability exports by superposition, are realized defeated Infrared flatness super continuous spectrums laser in going out meets the needs of precision wide spectrum quantitative analysis etc..
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention figure, in figure：1 --- master controller；2 --- pumping source module；3 --- FREQUENCY CONTROL Device；4 --- the first impulse generator；5 --- the first shaping amplifier；6 --- first laser diode；7 --- first effect Ying Guan；8 --- the first field-effect tube driving circuit；9 --- the second impulse generator；10 --- the second shaping amplifier； 11 --- second laser diode；12 --- the second field-effect tube；13 --- the second field-effect tube driving circuit；14 --- third Impulse generator；15 --- third shaping amplifier；16 --- third field-effect tube driving circuit；17 --- third field-effect Pipe；18 --- third laser diode；19 --- three-in-one optical fiber；20 --- the first Polarization Controller；21 --- optoisolator； 22 --- ring laser module；23 --- the first negative GVD optical fiber；24 --- the first wavelength division multiplexer；25 --- the 4th polarization Controller；26 --- Faraday isolator；27 --- third Polarization Controller；28 --- ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier；29—— Second wavelength division multiplexer；30 --- the second negative GVD optical fiber；31 --- the second Polarization Controller；32 --- supercontinuum generation and Monitor module；33 --- ZBLAN fiber couplers；34 --- ZBLAN optical fiber；35 --- in infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber； 36 --- output interface；37 --- wide spectrum spectrometer；38 --- four-in-one photo-coupler；39 --- the first semiconductor laser Device；40 --- the second semiconductor laser；41 --- third semiconductor laser；42 --- first laser tube drive circuit； 43 --- second laser tube drive circuit；44 --- third laser tube drive circuit；45 --- annular chamber；46 --- power control Device；47 --- the first semiconductor laser power amplifier；48 --- the second semiconductor laser power amplifier；49 --- the Three semiconductor laser power amplifiers.
Note：GVD, that is, group velocity dispersion, group velocity dispersion；ZBLAN, that is, rear-earth-doped zirconium fluoride/barium Fluorine/lanthanum fluoride/aluminum fluoride/sodium fluoride (ZrF4-BaF2-LaF3-AlF3-NaF)。
Specific implementation mode
The specific embodiment of the invention is as shown in Figure 1.
Structure such as Fig. 1 of infrared super continuous spectrums laser in multi-wavelength FM amplitude modulation flat spectrum output proposed by the present invention It is shown, the super continuous spectrums laser by master controller 1, pumping source module 2, ring laser module 22 and supercontinuum generation and Module 32 is monitored to form.
Pumping source module 2 is used to generate the multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser of loop laser device assembly 22.It includes frequency control Device 3 processed, the first impulse generator 4, the first shaping amplifier 5, first laser tube drive circuit 42, the second impulse generator 9, Two shaping amplifiers 10, second laser tube drive circuit 43, third impulse generator 14, third shaping amplifier 15, third swash Light pipe driving circuit 44, three-in-one optical fiber 19, the first Polarization Controller 20 and optoisolator 21；Wherein first laser pipe driving electricity Road 42 is made of the first field-effect tube driving circuit 8, the first field-effect tube 7 and first laser diode 6 and its discharge loop；Class As, second laser tube drive circuit 43 is by the second field-effect tube driving circuit 13, the second field-effect tube 12 and second laser two Pole pipe 11 and its discharge loop composition；Third laser tube drive circuit 44 is imitated by third field-effect tube driving circuit 16, third field It should pipe 17 and third laser diode 18 and its discharge loop composition；Frequency controller 3 is used for the first impulse generator 4, the Two impulse generators 9 and third impulse generator 14 carry out the adjusting of working frequency.
Ring laser module 22 includes the first semiconductor laser 39, the second semiconductor laser 40, third semiconductor Laser 41, four-in-one photo-coupler 38, annular chamber 45, power controller 46, the first semiconductor laser power amplifier 47, Second semiconductor laser power amplifier 48, third semiconductor laser power amplifier 49, the first negative GVD optical fiber 23, One wavelength division multiplexer 24, ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28, the second wavelength division multiplexer 29, the second negative GVD optical fiber 30, the second Polarization Control Device 31, third Polarization Controller 27, Faraday isolator 26 and the 4th Polarization Controller 25, for being passed to pumping source module 2 The multi-Wavelength Pulses seed laser brought carries out power amplification and pulse mode-locked compression；Power controller 46 is used for the first half Conductor laser power amplifier 47, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier 48, third semiconductor laser power amplification Device 49 carries out power regulation.
Supercontinuum generation and monitoring module 32 include ZBLAN fiber couplers 33, ZBLAN optical fiber 34, in infrared one into Two go out optical fiber 35, output interface 36 and wide spectrum spectrometer 37, infrared super continuous spectrums pulse laser in being used to generate, while right Its spectral characteristic is monitored in real time, and monitoring result is fed back to master controller 1.
Master controller 1 is led for controlling the first half containing executing control and the hardware circuit and software systems of data analysis Body laser 39, the second semiconductor laser 40, third semiconductor laser 41, power controller 46, frequency controller 3 and width Spectral coverage spectrometer 37, and the output spectrum signal for receiving wide spectrum spectrometer 37 carries out spectral data analysis.
The super flat spectrum output of super continuous spectrums laser is realized according to the following steps：
(1) according to the zero-dispersion wavelength λ of ZBLAN optical fiber 340, find out its corresponding frequency f0；Setpoint frequency difference Δ f, setting Frequency f1=f0+ Δ f finds out its corresponding wavelength X1；Similarly, setpoint frequency f2=f0Δ f finds out its corresponding wavelength X2； (λ in the present embodiment0=1622nm, f0=1.85 × 1014Hz；Δ f=1 × 1014Hz；f1=2.85 × 1014Hz, λ1= 1053nm；f2=0.85 × 1014, λ2=3529nm)
(2) it is λ to select the operation wavelength of first laser diode 6 and the first semiconductor laser 390；Select second laser The operation wavelength of diode 11 and the second semiconductor laser 40 is λ1；Third laser diode 18 and third semiconductor is selected to swash The operation wavelength of light device 41 is λ2；
(3) master controller 1 sends out control instruction to frequency controller 3, and frequency controller 3 is by the first impulse generator 4, The pulse frequency of 14 three of two impulse generators 9 and third impulse generator is set as identical initial value F1=F2=F3, and make Startup work；(pulse initial frequency is 100MHz in the present embodiment)
(4) master controller 1 sends out control instruction and starts wide spectrum spectrometer 37, the first semiconductor laser 39, the second half Conductor laser 40, third semiconductor laser 41；
(5) master controller 1 sends out control instruction to power controller 46, and power controller 46 is by the first semiconductor laser The amplification of power amplifier 47, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier 48, third semiconductor laser power amplifier 49 Multiple sets an identical initial value A1=A2=A3；
The frequency that (6) first impulse generators 4 are sent out is F1Electric pulse carry out pulse first through the first shaping amplifier 5 Shaping adjusts high level duty ratio, and the frequency for forming nanosecond is F1Electric pulse, after power amplification, be sent into first laser The controlling switch of the field-effect tube driving chip in the first field-effect tube driving circuit 8 in tube drive circuit 42, field-effect tube It is F that the output pin of driving chip, which generates frequency,1Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling the first field-effect tube of high-speed high-power 7 On and off, the charge and discharge for controlling 6 discharge loop of first laser diode, make first laser diode 6 generate weight Frequency is F1Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that the second impulse generator 9 is sent out is F2Electric pulse through the second shaping amplifier 10 first into Row shaping pulse adjusts high level duty ratio, and the frequency for forming nanosecond is F2Electric pulse be sent into the after power amplification The controlling switch of the field-effect tube driving chip in the second field-effect tube driving circuit 13 in dual-laser tube drive circuit 43, field It is F that the output pin of effect pipe driving chip, which generates frequency,2Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling high-speed high-power second The on and off of effect pipe 12, the charge and discharge for controlling 11 discharge loop of second laser diode make two pole of second laser It is F that pipe 11, which generates repetition,2Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that third impulse generator 14 is sent out is F3Electric pulse through third shaping amplifier 15 first into Row shaping pulse adjusts high level duty ratio, and the frequency for forming nanosecond is F3Electric pulse be sent into the after power amplification The controlling switch of the field-effect tube driving chip in third field-effect tube driving circuit 16 in three laser tube drive circuits 44, field It is F that the output pin of effect pipe driving chip, which generates frequency,3Nanosecond pulse signal for controlling high-speed high-power third field The on and off of effect pipe 17, the charge and discharge for controlling 18 discharge loop of third laser diode make two pole of third laser It is F that pipe 18, which generates repetition,3Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
(7) three beams wavelength is respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Pulse seed laser through in 19 coupled into optical fibres of three-in-one optical fiber, then pass through First Polarization Controller 20 and optoisolator 21 are transferred into ring laser module 22.First Polarization Controller 20 and optically isolated The effect of device 21 is to eliminate 22 issuable echo interference of ring laser module；
(8) wavelength of the first semiconductor laser 39 in ring laser module 22, transmitting is λ0Continuous pumping laser Beam is through 47 multiple A of the first semiconductor laser power amplifier1Power amplification after, by 41 liang of deciles of four-in-one photo-coupler Annular chamber 45 is entered with both direction afterwards, is passed through after the first wavelength division multiplexer 24 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 29 respectively, from two A direction pumps ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28.The wavelength that pumping source module 2 exports is λ0Nanosecond pulse seed laser pass through Ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 carries out power amplification, while the nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber 10, and pulse obtains Compression has been arrived, since ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 has positive GVD, so the nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, it is negative using second After GVD optical fiber 23, pulse has obtained second compression again, and chirp (chirp) is carried out in annular chamber 45 and is compensated.Third Polarization Controller 27, Faraday isolator 26 and the 4th Polarization Controller 25 form a resonator, utilize nonlinear polarization rotation, shape At equivalent saturable absorber, recycle the nonlinear birefringence effect in optical fiber, based in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber from Mode locking mechanism generates ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse, and makes the laser in annular chamber 45 along one-way transmission, is controlled by the second polarization It is λ that device 31 processed, which exports high-power wavelength,0Femtosecond pulsed laser to supercontinuum generation and monitoring module 32；
Meanwhile the second semiconductor laser 40 in ring laser module 22, the wavelength of transmitting is λ1Continuous pumping swashs Light beam is through 48 multiple A of the second semiconductor laser power amplifier2Power amplification after, by 41 liang of four-in-one photo-coupler etc. Annular chamber 45 is entered with both direction after point, is passed through after the first wavelength division multiplexer 24 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 29 respectively, from Both direction pumps ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28.The wavelength that pumping source module 2 exports is λ1Nanosecond pulse seed laser warp It crosses ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 and carries out power amplification, while the nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber 10, pulse It is compressed, since ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 has positive GVD, so the nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, using second After negative GVD optical fiber 23, pulse has obtained second compression again, and chirp (chirp) is carried out in annular chamber 45 and is compensated.Based on non-linear double The self-locking mode mechanism reflected in optical fiber generates ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse, and makes laser in annular chamber 45 along one-way transmission, It is λ to export high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller 310Femtosecond pulsed laser to supercontinuum generation and monitoring mould Group 32；
Similarly, the third semiconductor laser 41 in same time, ring laser module 22, the wavelength of transmitting are λ2Continuous pump laser beam is through 49 multiple A of third semiconductor laser power amplifier3Power amplification after, by four-in-one light Annular chamber 45 is entered with both direction after 41 liang of deciles of coupler, passes through the first wavelength division multiplexer 24 and the second wavelength-division multiplex respectively After device 29, ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 is pumped from both direction.The wavelength that pumping source module 2 exports is λ2Nanosecond pulse Seed laser carries out power amplification by ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28, while the nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD Optical fiber 10, pulse is compressed, since ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier 28 has positive GVD, so the nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, After the second negative GVD optical fiber 23, pulse has obtained second compression again, and chirp (chirp) is carried out in annular chamber 45 and is compensated.Profit With the nonlinear birefringence effect in optical fiber, ultrashort femtosecond is generated based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber and is swashed Light pulse, and make the laser in annular chamber 45 along one-way transmission, it is λ to export high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller 312 Femtosecond pulsed laser to supercontinuum generation and monitoring module 32；
(9) wavelength that ring laser module 22 exports is respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser enter continuous spectrum Generate and monitoring module 32 in, after entering ZBLAN optical fiber 34 by ZBLAN fiber couplers 33, in ZBLAN optical fiber 34 due to The all types of nonlinear effect of each rank is formed respectively with λ0、λ1、λ2Centered on spectrum widening, broadening width and intensity with λ0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser power it is related to repetition, three broadening spectrum be overlapped mutually, infrared femtosecond in formation Grade super continuous spectrums pulse laser, super continuous spectrums ranging from 1500nm-3800nm in the present embodiment；
(10) femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser is divided into two-way in passing through after infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber 35, passes through all the way Output interface 36 exports；Another way enters wide spectrum spectrometer 37 and is monitored, and super continuous spectrums monitoring result is sent to master control Device 1 processed；
(11) master controller 1 analyzes super continuous spectrums monitoring result, evaluates its spectrum flatness, while generating newly Power amplification multiple A1、A2、A3, new repetition F1、F2、F3；And control instruction is sent out to power controller 46 and frequency controller 3, assign this six new parameters to the first semiconductor laser power amplifier 47, the second semiconductor laser power amplification respectively Device 48, third semiconductor laser power amplifier 49, the first impulse generator 4, the second impulse generator 9 and third pulse hair Raw device 14；
(12) (6) to (11) constantly are repeated, until super continuous spectrums monitoring result meets flatness requirement.It so far, will be newest A1、A2、A3、F1、F2、F3It is fixed, it is final to realize that infrared super continuous spectrums laser is defeated in height output spectral flatness and stability Go out.

Claims (1)

1. infrared super continuous spectrums laser implementation method in a kind of flat spectrum output, this method is the infrared excess in flat output It is realized on continuous spectrum laser, the super continuous spectrums laser includes master controller (1), pumping source module (2), frequency control Device (3) processed, the first impulse generator (4), the first shaping amplifier (5), first laser diode (6), the first field-effect tube (7), the first field-effect tube driving circuit (8), the second impulse generator (9), the second shaping amplifier (10), two pole of second laser It manages (11)；Second field-effect tube (12), the second field-effect tube driving circuit (13), third impulse generator (14), third shaping Amplifier (15), third field-effect tube driving circuit (16), third field-effect tube (17), third laser diode (18), three close One optical fiber (19), the first Polarization Controller (20), optoisolator (21), ring laser module (22), the first negative GVD optical fiber (23), the first wavelength division multiplexer (24), the 4th Polarization Controller (25), Faraday isolator (26), third Polarization Controller (27), ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier (28), the second wavelength division multiplexer (29), the second negative GVD optical fiber (30), the second Polarization Controller (31), supercontinuum generation and monitoring module (32), ZBLAN fiber couplers (33), ZBLAN optical fiber (34), in infrared one into Two go out optical fiber (35), output interface (36), wide spectrum spectrometer (37), four-in-one photo-coupler (38), the first semiconductor laser Device (39), the second semiconductor laser (40), third semiconductor laser (41), first laser tube drive circuit (42), second Laser tube drive circuit (43), third laser tube drive circuit (44), annular chamber (45), power controller (46), the first half lead Body laser power amplifier (47), the second semiconductor laser power amplifier (48), third semiconductor laser power are put Big device (49)；It is characterized in that steps are as follows for infrared super continuous spectrums laser acquisition methods in the output of femtosecond flat spectrum：
1) according to the zero-dispersion wavelength λ of ZBLAN optical fiber0, find out its corresponding frequency f0；Setpoint frequency difference Δ f, setpoint frequency f1 =f0+ Δ f finds out its corresponding wavelength X1；Similarly, setpoint frequency f2=f0Δ f finds out its corresponding wavelength X2；
2) select the operation wavelength of first laser diode and the first semiconductor laser for λ0；Select second laser diode and The operation wavelength of second semiconductor laser is λ1；Select the operation wavelength of third laser diode and third semiconductor laser For λ2；
3) master controller sends out control instruction to frequency controller, and frequency controller sends out the first impulse generator, the second pulse The pulse frequency of raw device and third impulse generator three are set as identical initial value F1=F2=F3, and be allowed to start work；
4) master controller send out control instruction start wide spectrum spectrometer, the first semiconductor laser, the second semiconductor laser, Third semiconductor laser；
5) master controller sends out control instruction to power controller, and power controller is by the first semiconductor laser power amplification Amplification factor one phase of setting of device, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier, third semiconductor laser power amplifier Same initial value A1=A2=A3；
6) frequency that the first impulse generator is sent out is F1Electric pulse carry out shaping pulse first through the first shaping amplifier, adjust High level duty ratio is saved, the frequency for forming nanosecond is F1Electric pulse, after power amplification, be sent into first laser pipe driving electricity The controlling switch of the field-effect tube driving chip in the first field-effect tube driving circuit in road, field-effect tube driving chip it is defeated It is F to go out pin to generate frequency1Nanosecond pulse signal be used to control the on and off of the first field-effect tube of high-speed high-power, Charge and discharge for controlling first laser diode discharge circuit, it is F so that first laser diode is generated repetition1Nanosecond arteries and veins Rush seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that the second impulse generator is sent out is F2Electric pulse to carry out pulse first through the second shaping amplifier whole Shape adjusts high level duty ratio, and the frequency for forming nanosecond is F2Electric pulse, after power amplification, be sent into second laser pipe The controlling switch of the field-effect tube driving chip in the second field-effect tube driving circuit in driving circuit, field-effect tube drive core It is F that the output pin of piece, which generates frequency,2Nanosecond pulse signal be used to control the conducting of the second field-effect tube of high-speed high-power And cut-off, the charge and discharge for controlling second laser diode discharge circuit, it is F so that second laser diode is generated repetition2's Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
Similarly, the frequency that third impulse generator is sent out is F3Electric pulse to carry out pulse first through third shaping amplifier whole Shape adjusts high level duty ratio, and the frequency for forming nanosecond is F3Electric pulse, after power amplification, be sent into third laser tube The controlling switch of the field-effect tube driving chip in third field-effect tube driving circuit in driving circuit, field-effect tube drive core It is F that the output pin of piece, which generates frequency,3Nanosecond pulse signal be used to control the conducting of high-speed high-power third field-effect tube And cut-off, the charge and discharge for controlling third laser diode discharge loop, it is F so that third laser diode is generated repetition3's Nanosecond pulse seed laser；
7) three beams wavelength is respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Pulse seed laser through three-in-one fiber coupling into optical fiber, then partially through first It shakes controller and optoisolator is transferred into ring laser module；The effect of first Polarization Controller and optoisolator is to eliminate The issuable echo interference of ring laser module；
8) wavelength of the first semiconductor laser in ring laser module, transmitting is λ0Continuous pump laser beam is through the first half Conductor laser power amplifier multiple A1Power amplification after, after two decile of four-in-one photo-coupler with both direction into Enter annular chamber, pass through after the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer respectively, is put from both direction pumping Yb dosed optical fiber Big device；The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ0Nanosecond pulse seed laser by ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier carry out power put Greatly, while the nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber, and pulse is compressed, due to ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier With positive GVD, so the nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse has obtained second compression again, Chirp (chirp) is carried out in annular chamber to compensate；Third Polarization Controller, Faraday isolator and the 4th Polarization Controller group Equivalent saturable absorber is formed using nonlinear polarization rotation at a resonator, is recycled non-linear in optical fiber Birefringence effect generates ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber, and makes annular For laser in chamber along one-way transmission, it is λ to export high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller0Femtosecond pulsed laser to super Continuous spectrum generates and monitoring module；
Meanwhile the second semiconductor laser in ring laser module, the wavelength of transmitting is λ1Continuous pump laser beam is through second Semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A2Power amplification after, with both direction after two decile of four-in-one photo-coupler Into annular chamber, pass through after the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer respectively, Yb dosed optical fiber is pumped from both direction Amplifier；The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ1Nanosecond pulse seed laser by ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier carry out power Amplification, while the nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber, pulse is compressed, since Yb dosed optical fiber amplifies Utensil has positive GVD, so the nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse has obtained pressing again Contracting, carries out chirp compensation in annular chamber；Ultrashort femtosecond is generated based on the self-locking mode mechanism in nonlinear birefringence optical fiber to swash Light pulse, and make the laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, it is λ to export high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller1Fly Second grade pulse laser is to supercontinuum generation and monitors module；
Similarly, the wavelength of the third semiconductor laser in same time, ring laser module, transmitting is λ2Continuous pump Pu laser beam is through third semiconductor laser power amplifier multiple A3Power amplification after, by four-in-one photo-coupler two etc. Annular chamber is entered with both direction after point, is passed through after the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer respectively, from two sides To pumping ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier；The wavelength of pumping source module output is λ2Nanosecond pulse seed laser pass through Yb dosed optical fiber Amplifier carries out power amplification, while the nanosecond pulse laser first passes through the first negative GVD optical fiber, and pulse is compressed, by There is positive GVD in ytterbium doped optical fiber amplifier, so the nanosecond pulse have passed through stretching, after the second negative GVD optical fiber, pulse Second compression again has been obtained, chirp compensation is carried out in annular chamber；Using the nonlinear birefringence effect in optical fiber, based on non-linear Self-locking mode mechanism in birefringence fiber generates ultrashort femtosecond laser pulse, and makes laser in annular chamber along one-way transmission, It is λ to export high-power wavelength by the second Polarization Controller2Femtosecond pulsed laser to supercontinuum generation and monitoring module；
9) wavelength of ring laser module output is respectively λ0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond pulsed laser enter continuous spectrum generate and prison It surveys in module, after entering ZBLAN optical fiber by ZBLAN fiber couplers, due to all types of non-thread of each rank in ZBLAN optical fiber Property effect, formed respectively with λ0、λ1、λ2Centered on spectrum widening, the width and intensity and λ of broadening0、λ1、λ2Femtosecond The power of pulse laser is related to repetition, and the spectrum of three broadenings is overlapped mutually, infrared femtosecond grade super continuous spectrums pulse in formation Laser；
10) femtosecond super continuous spectrums pulse laser is divided into two-way in passing through after infrared one-in-and-two-out optical fiber, is connect all the way by output Mouth output；Another way enters wide spectrum spectrometer and is monitored, and super continuous spectrums monitoring result is sent to master controller；
11) master controller analyzes super continuous spectrums monitoring result, evaluates its spectrum flatness, while generating new power and putting Big multiple A1、A2、A3, new repetition F1、F2、F3；And control instruction is sent out to power controller and frequency controller, by this six New parameter assigns the first semiconductor laser power amplifier, the second semiconductor laser power amplifier, third and partly leads respectively Body laser power amplifier, the first impulse generator, the second impulse generator and third impulse generator；
12) step 6) is constantly repeated to 11), until super continuous spectrums monitoring result meets flatness requirement；So far, by newest A1、 A2、A3、F1、F2、F3It is fixed, it is final to realize infrared super continuous spectrums laser output in height output spectral flatness and stability.
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