CN218850083U - Laser pulse train generator - Google Patents
Laser pulse train generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN218850083U CN218850083U CN202320121802.2U CN202320121802U CN218850083U CN 218850083 U CN218850083 U CN 218850083U CN 202320121802 U CN202320121802 U CN 202320121802U CN 218850083 U CN218850083 U CN 218850083U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to a laser pulse train generator, which comprises a circulating cavity which is formed by a first acousto-optic modulator, a coupling unit and a first compensation unit and is used for forming sub-pulse signals; the first acousto-optic modulator outputs a fundamental frequency optical signal in the working state of the acousto-optic modulator; the coupling unit is used for receiving the fundamental frequency optical signal and forming a first sub optical signal and a second sub optical signal according to the fundamental frequency optical signal; the first compensation unit receives the first sub-optical signal and performs energy compensation processing on the first sub-optical signal according to compensation light; and the second acousto-optic modulator is synchronous with the electric signal of the first acousto-optic modulator, receives the second sub-optical signal and is used for carrying out frequency selection operation on the sub-pulse signal according to the second sub-optical signal.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a laser technical field, concretely relates to laser pulse train generator.
Background
In recent years, with the development of lasers, laser processing technology has enabled efficient, high-quality, and high-level processing of new materials, composite materials, metal compounds, and non-metal materials. Compared with the traditional processing means, the damage degree to the material in the laser processing process is lower. Especially, the ultrafast pulse laser has been widely used in the fields of material fine micro-processing, semiconductor industry, solar photovoltaic, scientific research, etc. with its extremely high peak power and narrow pulse width. The ultrafast laser is used for material processing, and the light pulse of extremely short duration interacts with the material, can pour into its whole energy into very little effect region with extremely fast speed, and the material heat effect obtains fine control, for other laser, adopts ultrafast laser processing material, has advantages such as precision height, heat affected zone are little, the processing edge does not have the burr. However, the high energy of the ultrafast laser causes serious thermal effect problem during laser processing. In the actual use process, in order to further reduce the thermal effect and keep the characteristic of ultrafast laser cold processing, only extremely low single pulse energy is often used, and the energy is greatly wasted. In order to reduce the thermal effects and increase the energy utilization, researchers have proposed a new processing model that splits a single high-energy pulse envelope into bursts of lower-energy sub-pulses. The laser pulse string generator is formed by the following modes at present, 1) a pockels cell modulation method outside a cavity, the scheme is that pulse laser is output by an oscillation stage, a pockels cell controlled by a signal source is additionally arranged outside a circulation cavity, because the pockels cell can utilize the linear electro-optic effect of certain uniaxial crystals, the polarization state of polarized light can be changed when the polarized light passes through the crystals, the effect of switching on or off a light path can be realized, the realization of the effect can be artificially controlled by a signal generator, and the defect of the scheme is that: a. because the method intercepts a part of the original pulse laser to realize the output of the pulse train laser, the interval of the sub-pulse is determined by the fundamental frequency light; b. due to the characteristics of the signal generator controlling the uniaxial crystal, high repetition frequency fundamental frequency light with repetition frequency above GHZ cannot be selected; 2) The multi-channel pulse laser combination method, the scheme is to use the pulse laser of multiple channels to combine together, through controlling the time delay and frequency of the pulse laser of different channels, thus obtain the laser of pulse train, the disadvantage of the scheme is: a. the time delay of each channel is difficult to control, and the system is huge; b. the light path of the space light is complex, and the difficulty in light adjustment is great; c. in order to realize a plurality of sub-pulses, the corresponding optical system is increasingly large, so that the cost and the space are increased; 3) The pulse pumping Q-switched method has a simple structure, directly utilizes a Q switch in a circulating cavity to modulate and output a laser pulse train, and has the defects that: a. as in the first scheme, due to the characteristics of the signal generator itself that controls the uniaxial crystal, a high repetition frequency pulse train with a sub-pulse train repetition frequency above GHZ cannot be generated; b. the heights of the sub-pulses in the pulse train obtained by the scheme are difficult to keep consistent.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a not enough to prior art, the utility model provides a laser pulse cluster generator aims at overcoming the poor shortcoming of signal generator modulation precision, utilizes two unipolar crystals, and the front and back is synchronous modulates the light path, and the final sub-pulse repetition frequency that produces is adjustable, and the maximum repetition frequency of sub-pulse is more than GHZ.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a laser pulse train generator, wherein the laser pulse train generator comprises a first acousto-optic modulator, a coupling unit, and a first compensation unit, wherein the first acousto-optic modulator is used for forming a circulation cavity of a sub-pulse signal;
the first acousto-optic modulator outputs a fundamental frequency optical signal in the working state of the acousto-optic modulator;
the coupling unit is used for receiving the fundamental frequency optical signal and forming a first sub optical signal and a second sub optical signal according to the fundamental frequency optical signal;
the first compensation unit is used for receiving the first sub optical signal and performing energy compensation processing on the first sub optical signal according to compensation light;
and the second acousto-optic modulator is synchronous with the electric signal of the first acousto-optic modulator, receives the second sub-optical signal and is used for carrying out frequency selection operation on the sub-pulse signal according to the second sub-optical signal.
Preferably, the laser pulse train generator further includes an adjusting unit disposed in the circulating cavity for adjusting the length of the circulating cavity.
Preferably, the laser pulse train generator further includes a second compensation unit, connected to the first compensation unit, and configured to receive the first sub optical signal and perform dispersion compensation processing on the first sub optical signal.
Preferably, in the laser pulse train generator, the second compensation unit at least includes a chirped grating and a gain fiber, one end of the gain fiber is connected to the first compensation unit, and the other end of the gain fiber is connected to the chirped grating.
Preferably, the laser pulse train generator further includes a circulator disposed between the acousto-optic modulator and the coupling unit, a first port of the circulator is connected to the coupling unit, a second port of the circulator is connected to the first compensation unit, and a third port of the circulator is connected to the first acousto-optic modulator.
On the other hand, the utility model provides a laser pulse train generator again, wherein, including coupling unit, first compensation unit form one and be used for forming the circulation chamber of sub-pulse signal;
the first acousto-optic modulator outputs a fundamental frequency optical signal in the working state of the acousto-optic modulator;
the coupling unit is used for receiving the fundamental frequency optical signal and forming a first sub optical signal and a second sub optical signal according to the fundamental frequency optical signal;
the first compensation unit is used for receiving the first sub optical signal and performing energy compensation processing on the first sub optical signal according to compensation light;
and the second acousto-optic modulator is synchronous with the electric signal of the first acousto-optic modulator, receives the second sub-optical signal and is used for carrying out frequency selection operation on the sub-pulse signal according to the second sub-optical signal.
Preferably, the laser pulse train generator further includes an adjusting unit disposed in the circulation cavity for adjusting a length of the circulation cavity.
Preferably, the laser pulse train generator further includes a second compensation unit, connected to the first compensation unit, and configured to receive the first sub optical signal and perform dispersion compensation processing on the first sub optical signal.
Preferably, in the laser pulse train generator, the second compensation unit at least includes a chirped grating and a gain fiber, one end of the gain fiber is connected to the first compensation unit, and the other end of the gain fiber is connected to the chirped grating.
Preferably, the laser pulse train generator further includes a circulator disposed between the acousto-optic modulator and the coupling unit, a first port of the circulator is connected to the coupling unit, a second port of the circulator is connected to the first compensation unit, and a third port of the circulator is connected to the first acousto-optic modulator.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the opening and closing of the circulation cavity can be controlled by controlling the working state of the first acousto-optic modulator. The number of the fundamental frequency light pulses entering the circulating cavity can be controlled by changing the switching time length of the first acousto-optic modulator, so that the number of the sub-pulses in the pulse train is changed. The pulse string is output by the second acousto-optic modulator, and the first acousto-optic modulator and the second acousto-optic modulator are in electric signal synchronization, so that the pulse string is not lost, the frequency selection of the second acousto-optic modulator for the pulse string is facilitated, the number of sub-pulses required by the later stage and the repetition frequency of the pulse string can be selected at will, and the subsequent laser processing is facilitated. The utility model discloses be different from traditional laser pulse train generating device, realized the breakthrough on the sub-pulse interval, make sub-pulse repetition frequency highest more than GHZ. Meanwhile, the chirp quantity and the height of the sub-pulse are modulated, and finally output pulse strings can be perfectly used for subsequent femtosecond laser amplification, so that more schemes are provided for subsequent laser processing, the energy utilization rate during processing is effectively improved, and the thermal effect during processing is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser pulse train generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser pulse train generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser pulse train generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a laser pulse train generator includes a first acousto-optic modulator, a coupling unit, a first compensation unit, a circulating cavity for forming sub-pulse signals;
the first acousto-optic modulator outputs a fundamental frequency optical signal in the working state of the acousto-optic modulator;
the coupling unit is used for receiving the fundamental frequency optical signal and forming a first sub optical signal and a second sub optical signal according to the fundamental frequency optical signal; wherein the coupling unit may be formed by 5:5 fiber coupler formation.
The first compensation unit is used for receiving the first sub optical signal and performing energy compensation processing on the first sub optical signal according to compensation light; the first compensation unit at least comprises a pumping source, the pumping source can be a pulse laser diode, intermittent pumping is carried out on the first sub-optical signals in the circulating cavity through the pulse laser diode, the problem that the gain obtained by the front edge pulse is far larger than that of the rear edge pulse when the sub-pulses are amplified is effectively solved, the light intensity of the sub-pulses can be kept consistent, and the pulse laser diode can be a semiconductor laser with the wavelength of 974 nm.
And the second acousto-optic modulator is synchronous with the electric signal of the first acousto-optic modulator, receives the second sub-optical signal and is used for carrying out frequency selection operation on the sub-pulse signal according to the second sub-optical signal.
The working principle of the laser pulse train generator is as follows: the signal generator forms a fundamental frequency optical signal, the fundamental frequency optical signal forms a first sub optical signal and a second sub optical signal through the coupling unit when the acousto-optic modulator is in a working state, and the ratio of the first sub optical signal to the second sub optical signal is 1: the method includes the steps that 1, a first sub optical signal enters a circulation cavity as circulation light, energy compensation is conducted on the first sub optical signal through a first compensation unit (optical loss of the first sub optical signal in a transmission process is compensated), the first sub optical signal subjected to the energy compensation and a fundamental frequency optical signal are subjected to beam combination processing in a coupling unit to form a new fundamental frequency optical signal, the new fundamental frequency optical signal is divided into a first sub optical signal and a second sub optical signal again, the first sub optical signal enters the circulation cavity to continue circulation, and a new sub pulse can be formed by the first sub optical signal each time circulation is conducted. The number of sub-pulses in the new pulse sequence can be controlled by controlling the working state of the first acousto-optic modulator, for example, when the first acousto-optic modulator is in a closed state, the circulation cavity is closed and cannot form a pulse train. When the first acousto-optic modulator is in a working state, the circulating cavity is in a working state so as to form a pulse train. In addition, the second sub optical signal is output through the second acoustic optical modulator, and the second acoustic optical modulator can select the formed pulse sequence.
In the above embodiment, the opening and closing of the circulation chamber can be controlled by controlling the operating state of the first acousto-optic modulator. The number of the fundamental frequency light pulses entering the circulating cavity can be controlled by changing the switching time of the first acousto-optic modulator, so that the number of the sub-pulses in the pulse train is changed. The sub-pulse signals are output by the second acousto-optic modulator, and the first acousto-optic modulator and the second acousto-optic modulator are in electrical signal synchronization, so that the sub-pulse signals cannot be lost, the frequency selection operation of the second acousto-optic modulator on the sub-pulse signals is facilitated, the number of sub-pulses required by the later stage and the repetition frequency of the sub-pulse signals or pulse trains can be selected at will, and the subsequent laser processing is facilitated.
As a further preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned laser pulse train generator further comprises an adjusting unit disposed in the circulation cavity for adjusting the length of the circulation cavity. By changing the length of the circulation cavity, the sub-pulse interval in the pulse train can be adjusted, and the interval between sub-pulse signals is adjusted to be less than 1ns, namely the sub-pulse frequency is higher than Ghz.
Further, the adjusting unit is used for adjusting the length of the whole annular cavity. It will be appreciated that, referring to fig. 1, several circles in a dashed box are used to characterize the adjustment unit. The more the number of turns of the adjusting unit is, the longer the length of the annular cavity can be; the fewer the number of turns of the adjustment unit, i.e. the smaller the circle, the shorter the length of the ring cavity.
As shown in fig. 2, as a further preferred embodiment, the optical fiber module further includes a second compensation unit, connected to the first compensation unit, for receiving the first sub optical signal and performing dispersion compensation processing on the first sub optical signal. Furthermore, the second compensation unit at least comprises a chirped grating and a gain fiber, one end of the gain fiber is connected with the first compensation unit, and the other end of the gain fiber is connected with the chirped grating. Because the length of the circulating cavity changes, the dispersion amount of the optical signal needs to be kept unchanged, and the dispersion amount compensation is performed on the first sub-optical signal through the second compensation unit. The laser pulse train generator is made to form femtosecond laser by dispersion compensation.
The first port of the circulator is connected with the coupling unit, the second port of the circulator is connected with the first compensation unit, and the third port of the circulator is connected with the first acousto-optic modulator. The circulator is intended to prevent the first sub-optical signal from being transmitted reversely.
The laser pulse train generator is different from the traditional laser pulse train generator, and realizes breakthrough on the sub-pulse interval, so that the maximum sub-pulse repetition frequency is higher than GHZ. Meanwhile, by modulating the chirp quantity and the height of the sub-pulse, the finally output pulse train can be perfectly used for subsequent femtosecond laser amplification, more schemes are provided for subsequent laser processing, the energy utilization rate during processing is effectively improved, and the heat effect during processing is greatly reduced.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment further provides a laser pulse train generator, which includes a coupling unit, a first compensation unit forming a cyclic cavity for forming sub-pulse signals;
the first acousto-optic modulator outputs a fundamental frequency optical signal in the working state of the acousto-optic modulator;
the coupling unit is used for receiving the fundamental frequency optical signal and forming a first sub optical signal and a second sub optical signal according to the fundamental frequency optical signal;
the first compensation unit is used for receiving the first sub optical signal and performing energy compensation processing on the first sub optical signal according to compensation light;
and the second acousto-optic modulator is synchronous with the electric signal of the first acousto-optic modulator, receives the second sub-optical signal and is used for carrying out frequency selection operation on the sub-pulse signal according to the second sub-optical signal.
As a further preferred embodiment, the above laser pulse train generator further comprises an adjusting unit disposed in the circulation cavity for adjusting the length of the circulation cavity. By changing the length of the circulating cavity, the sub-pulse interval in the pulse train can be adjusted to be less than 1ns, namely the sub-pulse frequency is above Ghz.
As a further preferred embodiment, the laser pulse train generator further includes a second compensation unit, connected to the first compensation unit, for receiving the first sub optical signal and performing dispersion compensation processing on the first sub optical signal. Furthermore, the second compensation unit at least comprises a chirped grating and a gain fiber, one end of the gain fiber is connected with the first compensation unit, and the other end of the gain fiber is connected with the chirped grating. Because the length of the recycling cavity changes, the dispersion amount of the laser signal needs to be kept unchanged, and the dispersion amount compensation is performed on the first sub-optical signal through the second compensation unit. The laser pulse train generator is caused to form a femtosecond laser by dispersion compensation.
The first port of the circulator is connected with the coupling unit, the second port of the circulator is connected with the first compensation unit, and the third port of the circulator is connected with the first acousto-optic modulator. The circulator is intended to prevent the first sub optical signal from being transmitted in reverse.
Compared with the first embodiment, the first acousto-optic modulator is not arranged in the circulation cavity, the first acousto-optic modulator is arranged outside the circulation cavity and at the front end of the coupling unit, and the number of the sub-pulses in the new pulse sequence can be fixed through the switch of the first acousto-optic modulator. By frequency selection of the second acousto-optic modulator, a new pulse train with each sub-pulse comprising a fixed number of sub-pulses can be generated.
It should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A laser pulse train generator is characterized by comprising a first acousto-optic modulator, a coupling unit and a circulating cavity formed by a first compensation unit and used for forming a sub-pulse signal;
the first acousto-optic modulator outputs a fundamental frequency optical signal in the working state of the acousto-optic modulator;
the coupling unit is used for receiving the fundamental frequency optical signal and forming a first sub optical signal and a second sub optical signal according to the fundamental frequency optical signal;
the first compensation unit is used for receiving the first sub optical signal and performing energy compensation processing on the first sub optical signal according to compensation light;
and the second acousto-optic modulator is synchronous with the electric signal of the first acousto-optic modulator, receives the second sub-optical signal and is used for carrying out frequency selection operation on the sub-pulse signal according to the second sub-optical signal.
2. The laser pulse train generator of claim 1, further comprising an adjustment unit disposed within the cavity for adjusting the length of the cavity.
3. The laser burst generator of claim 1 further comprising a second compensation unit coupled to the first compensation unit for receiving the first sub-optical signal and performing dispersion compensation on the first sub-optical signal.
4. A laser pulse train generator according to claim 3, wherein the second compensation unit comprises at least a chirped grating and a gain fiber, one end of the gain fiber is connected to the first compensation unit, and the other end of the gain fiber is connected to the chirped grating.
5. A laser pulse train generator according to claim 3, further comprising a circulator disposed between the acousto-optic modulator and the coupling unit, wherein a first port of the circulator is connected to the coupling unit, a second port of the circulator is connected to the first compensation unit, and a third port of the circulator is connected to the first acousto-optic modulator.
6. A laser pulse train generator is characterized by comprising a coupling unit and a first compensation unit, wherein a circulating cavity for forming a sub-pulse signal is formed by the coupling unit and the first compensation unit;
the first acousto-optic modulator outputs a fundamental frequency optical signal in the working state of the acousto-optic modulator;
the coupling unit is used for receiving the fundamental frequency optical signal and forming a first sub optical signal and a second sub optical signal according to the fundamental frequency optical signal;
the first compensation unit is used for receiving the first sub optical signal and performing energy compensation processing on the first sub optical signal according to compensation light;
and the second acousto-optic modulator is synchronous with the electric signal of the first acousto-optic modulator, receives the second sub-optical signal and is used for carrying out frequency selection operation on the sub-pulse signal according to the second sub-optical signal.
7. The laser pulse train generator of claim 6, further comprising an adjustment unit disposed within the recycling cavity for adjusting a length of the recycling cavity.
8. The laser burst generator of claim 6 further comprising a second compensation unit coupled to the first compensation unit for receiving the first sub-optical signal and performing dispersion compensation on the first sub-optical signal.
9. The laser burst generator of claim 8, wherein the second compensation unit comprises at least a chirped grating and a gain fiber, wherein one end of the gain fiber is connected to the first compensation unit, and the other end of the gain fiber is connected to the chirped grating.
10. The laser pulse train generator according to claim 8, further comprising a circulator disposed between the acousto-optic modulator and the coupling unit, wherein a first port of the circulator is connected to the coupling unit, a second port of the circulator is connected to the first compensation unit, and a third port of the circulator is connected to the first acousto-optic modulator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320121802.2U CN218850083U (en) | 2023-01-13 | 2023-01-13 | Laser pulse train generator |
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| CN202320121802.2U CN218850083U (en) | 2023-01-13 | 2023-01-13 | Laser pulse train generator |
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| CN218850083U true CN218850083U (en) | 2023-04-11 |
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