CN105703837A - Linear frequency-modulation microwave signal generation method and device - Google Patents
Linear frequency-modulation microwave signal generation method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a linear frequency-modulated microwave signal generation method, and belongs to the technical field of microwave photons. The method adopts an amplitude-modulated DC optical signal as an incident optical signal of an optical injection type semiconductor laser. The amplitude of the DC optical signal is modulated, so that the amplitude of the DC optical signal is enabled to change linearly along with the time. Meanwhile, the optical injection type semiconductor laser is driven to run in the single-cycle oscillation state. At this time, the output optical signal of the optical injection type semiconductor laser is converted into a microwave signal, and the microwave signal is a linear frequency-modulated microwave signal. The invention also discloses a linear frequency-modulated microwave signal generation device. The device comprises an optical injection module, an optical injection type semiconductor laser, a photoelectric detector and an optical circulator. According to the technical scheme of the invention, not only high-frequency, large-bandwidth and large-time-bandwidth linear frequency-modulated microwave signals can be generated, but also the time width, the bandwidth and the central frequency of generated linear frequency modulated microwave signals can be tuned at the same time. In addition, the advantages of simple implementation, and low cost are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of linear frequency modulation microwave signal and generate method and device, belong to Microwave photonics technical field。
Background technology
Linear frequency modulation microwave signal is widely used in modern radar system to improve detection range and the detection accuracy of radar。Timed automata is one of key parameter of linear frequency modulation microwave signal。Especially, the linear frequency modulation microwave signal of big Timed automata is obtained in that higher range resolution ratio when realizing pulse compression in radar receiver。Linear FM signal wide time greatly simultaneously, contributes to reducing the peak power requirements to radar emission equipment, it is thus possible to be effectively improved the operating distance of radar system。Along with the fast development of the systems such as modern communications and radar, how to produce high frequency, the linear frequency modulation microwave signal of big Timed automata becomes the problem that radar system needs solution badly。
Traditional linear FM signal is produced by electronic technology, but the bandwidth of signal is less, and mid frequency is relatively low, and Timed automata is very limited, it is difficult to meet the demand of future communications and radar system。Typically requiring bandwidth in modern radar system and mid frequency reaches several more than GHz to 10GHz, Timed automata reaches hundreds of to tens thousand of microwave signals。Compared with conditional electronic technology, microwave photon technology has frequency height, is with the advantages such as roomy, loss is low, volume is little, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, is subject to the great attention of people。In recent years, research worker proposes the multiple linear FM signal production method based on microwave photon technology, but all there is respective problem in these methods at present: one, by introducing quadratic phase coefficient in light pulse or light carrier, linear FM signal can be produced (referring to [H.Gao again with another light carrier beat frequency in photodetector, C.Lei, M.Chen, F.Xing, H.ChenandS.Xie, " Asimplephotonicgenerationoflinearlychirpedmicrowavepulse withlargetime-bandwidthproductandhighcompressingratio, " Opt.Express, vol.21, no.20, pp.23107-23115, and [W.Li Sep.2013.], F.Kong, J.Yao. " Arbitrarymicrowavewaveformgenerationbasedonatunableoptoe lectronicoscillator, " JournalofLightwaveTechnology, vol.31, no.23, pp.3780-3786, Dec.2013.]), but the time width of the linear FM signal that the method produces only has a few ns to 10ns magnitude, corresponding Timed automata is typically not greater than 100；Two, based on frequency spectrum shaping and frequency time, mapping method produces linear FM signal (referring to [C.WangandJ.P.Yao, " Photonicgenerationofchirpedmicrowavepulsesusingsuperimpo sedchirpedfiberBragggratings; " IEEEPhoton.Technol.Lett., vol.20, no.11, pp.882-884, Jun.2008.]), during the linear FM signal that same the method obtains, width only has nanosecond order, and the method produces the parameters such as mid frequency and the bandwidth of signal and is difficult to tune；Three, laser instrument beat frequency based on frequency swept laser with another fixed wave length produces linear FM signal (referring to [Jhih-MinWun, Chia-ChienWei, JyehongChen, CheeSeongGoh, S.Y.Set, andJin-WeiShi, " Photonicchirpedradio-frequencygeneratorwithultra-fastswe epingrateandultra-widesweepingrange, " Opt.Express, vol.21, no.9, pp.11475-11481, May.2013.]), in the method, frequency swept laser swept bandwidth when sweep rate is higher substantially narrows, and the optical signal of live width meeting severe exacerbation and two-laser generation is irrelevant during frequency swept laser frequency sweep, therefore produced microwave signal purity is very poor。
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is in that to overcome prior art not enough, based on microwave photon technology, there is provided a kind of chirped microwave signal to generate method and device, can produce that there is big Timed automata, and time width, bandwidth and all tunable linear FM signal of mid frequency。
The present invention specifically solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical solutions:
A kind of linear frequency modulation microwave signal generates method, and direct current light signal amplitude can modulated is as the injection optical signal of light injection semiconductor laser；Modulate the amplitude of described direct current light signal, it is made to change linearly over time, and make described smooth injection semiconductor laser be operated in monocycle vibrational state, the output optical signal of now described smooth injection semiconductor laser is converted to microwave signal, and this microwave signal is linear frequency modulation microwave signal。
Preferably, by adjusting the frequency detuning between injection parameter and/or described direct current light signal and light injection semiconductor laser free-running operation output frequency so that described smooth injection semiconductor laser is operated in monocycle vibrational state。
Further, the method also includes: by the polarization state of described direct current light signal is adjusted so that described smooth injection semiconductor laser obtains maximum injection efficiency。
Further, the method also includes: by adjusting the excursion of injection parameter, change the bandwidth of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal。
Further, the method also includes: by adjusting the persistent period of the direct current light signal that described amplitude changes linearly over time, change the time width of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal。
Further, the method also includes: by adjusting the frequency detuning between initial injection parameter and direct current light signal and light injection semiconductor laser free-running operation output frequency when the amplitude of direct current light signal not being modulated, change working frequency range or the mid frequency of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal。
Techniques below scheme can also be obtained according to identical invention thinking:
A kind of generation device of linear frequency modulation microwave signal, including:
Light injection module, for generating the direct current light signal that amplitude can be modulated；
Light injection semiconductor laser, it can be operated in monocycle vibrational state；
Photodetector, for being converted to microwave signal by the output optical signal of described smooth injection semiconductor laser；Optical circulator, it includes first along optical transmission direction successively arranged adjacent～the 3rd port, the first～the 3rd port respectively with the outfan of light injection module, the outfan of light injection semiconductor laser, photodetector input be connected。
Preferably, described smooth injection module includes:
Light source, is used for producing direct current light signal；
Light amplitude controller, its optical signal input is connected with light source, for the amplitude of the produced direct current light signal of modulated light source, and can by the amplitude modulation(PAM) of described direct current light signal for change linearly over time；
Control signal generator, its outfan is connected with the control signal input of light amplitude controller, for producing to drive the control signal needed for light amplitude controller。
Further, described smooth injection module also includes the Polarization Controller being connected between the outfan of light amplitude controller and the first port of optical circulator, and the polarization state of the amplitude modulation(PAM) direct current light signal for light amplitude controller is exported is controlled。
Preferably, described smooth amplitude controller is electric light amplitude modulator, or electric light MZ Mach-Zehnder, or electric light light polarization modulator, or electroabsorption modulator。
Compared to existing technology, the method have the advantages that
(1) present invention is without high-speed electro-optic modulator, to the modulation bandwidth demand of used light amplitude controller less than 100MHz；Without frequency swept laser, it is only necessary to common direct current light light source and light injection semiconductor laser；Without the control signal of two-forty, original low frequency low speed control signals (lower than 100MHz) can be utilized directly to produce linear frequency modulation microwave signal as system input；There is simple in construction, realize advantage with low cost；
(2) present invention can produce the linear frequency modulation microwave signal of high frequency (number GHz to tens of GHz), big bandwidth (number GHz to tens of GHz), big Timed automata (tens thousand of to hundreds thousand of)；
(3) linear frequency modulation microwave signal produced by the present invention time width, bandwidth and mid frequency all tunable。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the basic structure schematic diagram of linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device of the present invention；
The structural representation of Fig. 2 one preferred embodiment of linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device of the present invention:
Fig. 4 is the relation of output microwave signal frequency and the injection parameter ξ recorded；
Fig. 5 is the time domain waveform of the linear FM signal produced；
Fig. 6 is the instantaneous frequency information extracted according to Hilbert transform；
Fig. 7 is the auto-correlation function information calculated。
Detailed description of the invention
Not enough for prior art, the thinking of the present invention is the direct current light signal that amplitude can the be modulated injection optical signal as light injection semiconductor laser, and make light injection semiconductor laser be operated in monocycle vibrational state, this time injection semiconductor laser output optical signal microwave signal frequency after opto-electronic conversion is in very large range linear with injection parameter, so both can pass through the amplitude modulation(PAM) by injecting direct current light signal for change linearly over time, thus obtaining the linear frequency modulation microwave signal with big Timed automata, and can time width to produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal easily, bandwidth and mid frequency are tuned。
The linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device of the present invention can be obtained, as it is shown in figure 1, this device includes according to above-mentioned thinking:
Light injection module, for generating the direct current light signal that amplitude can be modulated；
Light injection semiconductor laser, it can be operated in monocycle vibrational state；
Photodetector, for being converted to microwave signal by the output optical signal of described smooth injection semiconductor laser；Optical circulator, it includes first along optical transmission direction successively arranged adjacent～the 3rd port, the first～the 3rd port respectively with the outfan of light injection module, the outfan of light injection semiconductor laser, photodetector input be connected。
For the ease of public understanding, with a preferred embodiment of linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device of the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated below。
Fig. 2 shows the structure of one preferred embodiment of linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device of the present invention, comprising: light injection module, light injection semiconductor laser, photodetector, optical circulator。
As in figure 2 it is shown, the light injection module in the present embodiment includes: the laser instrument 1 of direct current light signal, light amplitude controller, control signal generator can be produced。The optical signal input of described smooth amplitude controller is connected with laser instrument 1, for modulating the amplitude of the produced direct current light signal of laser instrument 1；This light amplitude controller is the electro-optical device that can realize by electric control, the amplitude of input optical signal being controlled, for instance can adopt existing electric light amplitude modulator, electric light MZ Mach-Zehnder, electric light light polarization modulator, electroabsorption modulator etc.。The outfan of control signal generator is connected with the control signal input of light amplitude controller, for producing to drive the control signal needed for light amplitude controller。By arranging suitable control signal generator output control signal, light amplitude controller can be driven for linearly to change in time by the amplitude modulation(PAM) of direct current light signal。It is contemplated that the polarization state of injected direct current light signal has certain impact for injection efficiency, in order to obtain maximum injection efficiency, the present embodiment is also additionally arranged a Polarization Controller at the outfan of light amplitude controller, the polarization state of injected direct current light signal is controlled by this Polarization Controller available, to obtain maximum injection efficiency。
Laser instrument 2 in the present embodiment is the light injection semiconductor laser being operable with monocycle vibrational state。
Optical circulator in the present embodiment is that three port photocirculators (it should be noted that, more the optical circulator of multiport is equally useful), as shown in Figure 2, its port 1 connects the outfan (being the outfan of Polarization Controller in the present embodiment) of light injection module, the outfan of port 2 connecting laser 2, port 3 connects the input of photodetector, and the outfan of photodetector is the outfan of whole linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device。
This device is utilized to generate the process of linear frequency modulation microwave signal particularly as follows: laser instrument 1 produces frequency for fmDirect current light signal input light amplitude controller；Control signal generator produces control signal S (t) and drives light amplitude controller；Utilize light amplitude controller that the amplitude of described direct current light signal being controlled such that, the amplitude of described direct current light signal changes linearly over time；Direct current light signal is input to the port 1 of optical circulator after Polarization Controller；Laser instrument 2 its output frequency when free-running operation is fs, the frequency detuning of laser instrument 1 and laser instrument 2 is fi(fi=fm-fs)；The output of laser instrument 2 connects with the port 2 of optical circulator, and namely direct current light signal is injected in laser instrument 2；Injecting intensity to characterize typically by injection parameter ξ, ξ is defined as the square root of injected optical power and laser instrument 2 free-running operation Output optical power ratio；Polarization Controller is used for the polarization state controlling injected direct current light signal to obtain maximum injection efficiency；The output optical signal of laser instrument 2 is delivered to the input of photodetector by the port 3 of optical circulator；By arranging the frequency detuning f between suitable injection parameter ξ and/or laser instrument 1 and laser instrument 2iSo that the laser instrument 2 under the injection of described direct current light is operated in monocycle vibrational state。The output microwave signal frequency of photodetector and monocycle frequency of oscillation foIn very large range linear with injection parameter ξ；Control signal S (t) is set so that the amplitude of described injection direct current light signal linearly over time time, the correspondence of photodetector is output as linear frequency modulation microwave signal。
When made with the amplitude of light amplitude controller transmit function be desirable linear function time, control signal S (t) adopts sawtooth signal can produce linear frequency modulation microwave signal；When the amplitude transmission function of light amplitude controller is not desirable linear function, function need to be transmitted according to the amplitude of light amplitude controller and carry out revising to produce linear frequency modulation microwave signal accordingly to control signal S (t)。
Further, the amplitude changing control signal S (t) could alter that the excursion of described injection parameter ξ, and then could alter that the bandwidth of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal；Change control signal S (t) persistent period could alter that the time width of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal；The frequency detuning f of initial injection parameter ξ when changing non-increase control signal S (t) and laser instrument 1 and laser instrument 2iWorking frequency range or the mid frequency of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal can be changed。
In order to deepen public understanding, below the know-why of the present invention is further described:
The direct current light signal that laser instrument 1 produces is E1(t)=Emexp(j2πfmT), wherein EmFor amplitude, fmFor frequency。This direct current light input light amplitude controller, here for MZ Mach-Zehnder, the signal that drives of MZ Mach-Zehnder is the control signal S (t) that control signal generator produces。Described direct current light signal is input to 1 port of optical circulator after Polarization Controller；When laser instrument 2 is free-running operation (unglazed injection), output frequency is fsSemiconductor laser, its free-running operation optical signal is expressed as E2(t)=Esexp(j2πfsT), wherein EsFor amplitude, fsFor frequency。The frequency detuning of laser instrument 1 and laser instrument 2 is fi(fi=fm-fs)；The output of laser instrument 2 connects with 2 ports of optical circulator, and namely described direct current light signal is injected in laser instrument 2；Described Polarization Controller is used for the polarization state controlling described injection direct current light signal to obtain maximum injection efficiency；Injecting intensity injection parameter ξ to characterize, ξ is defined as the square root of injected optical power and laser instrument 2 free-running operation Output optical power ratio, namely
Wherein PinjAnd EinjIt is the power of optical signal and amplitude, the P that are injected into laser instrument 2 through optical circulator 2 port respectivelysIt is power during laser instrument 2 free-running operation；3 port outfans of described optical circulator connect the input of photodetector；The wavelength off resonance f of suitable injection parameter ξ and laser instrument 1 and laser instrument 2 is setiSo that the laser instrument 2 under the injection of described direct current light is for being operated in monocycle vibrational state。As it is shown on figure 3, the optical signal of now laser instrument 2 output comprises two main optical wavelength, it is the light seeded wavelength f of regeneration respectivelymChamber pattern wavelength f with red shifts'。Increasing along with injecting intensity, the gain of light required for laser instrument 2 reduces, therefore its continuous red shift of chamber pattern, i.e. frequency f of laser cavity modes' constantly reduce。This dual wavelength signal is input in photodetector through optical circulator 3 port, the frequency of the output microwave signal of photodetector and monocycle frequency of oscillation fo(fo=fm-fs’),foIn very large range linear with injection parameter ξ。Here control signal S (t) is the periodic serrations ripple that functional generator produces, and the S (t) expression formula within a cycle is
Wherein VpIt is amplitude and the cycle of sawtooth signal respectively with T。The bias voltage regulating MZ Mach-Zehnder transmits the orthogonal points of function to obtain good modulation linearity degree corresponding to intensity modulated, realize the amplitude of described direct current light signal being controlled such that, the amplitude of described direct current light signal changes linearly over time according to S (t), namely injection parameter ξ changes linearly over time according to S (t), therefore output microwave signal frequency foAlso will change linearly over time, namely create linear frequency modulation microwave signal, wherein output microwave signal frequency foScope can from several GHz to GHz up to a hundred。
According to above-mentioned analysis it can be seen that change the amplitude V of control signal S (t)pCould alter that the excursion of described injection parameter ξ, and then could alter that the bandwidth of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal；The duration T changing control signal S (t) could alter that the time width of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal；Change the initial value of injection parameter ξ during non-increase control signal S (t) and the wavelength off resonance f of laser instrument 1 and laser instrument 2iWorking frequency range or the mid frequency of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal can be changed。
Therefore, the present invention can produce the linear frequency modulation microwave signal of high carrier frequency, big bandwidth, and bandwidth, Shi Kuan, mid frequency are all tunable。
In order to verify the effect of technical solution of the present invention, carry out experimental verification。In experiment, the wavelength of laser instrument 1 is fixed as 1553.30nm, laser instrument 2 is commercial distributed feedback semiconductor laser, experiment is biased in wavelength and power respectively 1553.34nm and the 5.48dBm of free-running operation during 31.7mA, the approximate sawtooth waveforms frequency that in experiment, control signal generator produces is 1MHz, and amplitude is about 2.4V。Fig. 4 is the output microwave signal frequency f recordedoRelation with injection parameter ξ, it can be seen that microwave signal frequency foWith injection parameter ξ in a big way linear。Fig. 5 is wide when being produced is the linear frequency modulation microwave signal of 1 μ s。Fig. 6 is that by the instantaneous frequency information of the linear FM signal that Matlab software for calculation extracts, its instantaneous frequency ranges for 10-19.5GHz, and mid frequency is 14.75GHz according to Hilbert Transformation Principle, and corresponding Timed automata is 9500。Fig. 7 is the auto-correlation function information calculated, it can be seen that after compression, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of signal is 0.1ns, and corresponding pulse compression ratio is 10000。
This test fully demonstrates the excellent effect that technical solution of the present invention has, it not only can produce the linear frequency modulation microwave signal of high frequency (number GHz to tens of GHz), big bandwidth (number GHz to tens of GHz), big Timed automata (tens thousand of to hundreds thousand of), meanwhile, generated linear frequency modulation microwave signal time width, bandwidth and mid frequency all tunable；Additionally, the present invention also has, realization is simple, realize advantage with low cost。
Claims (10)
1. a linear frequency modulation microwave signal generates method, it is characterised in that direct current light signal amplitude can modulated is as the injection optical signal of light injection semiconductor laser；Modulate the amplitude of described direct current light signal, it is made to change linearly over time, and make described smooth injection semiconductor laser be operated in monocycle vibrational state, the output optical signal of now described smooth injection semiconductor laser is converted to microwave signal, and this microwave signal is linear frequency modulation microwave signal。
2. linear frequency modulation microwave signal generates method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, by adjusting the frequency detuning between injection parameter and/or described direct current light signal and light injection semiconductor laser free-running operation output frequency so that described smooth injection semiconductor laser is operated in monocycle vibrational state。
3. linear frequency modulation microwave signal generates method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the method also includes: by the polarization state of described direct current light signal is adjusted so that described smooth injection semiconductor laser obtains maximum injection efficiency。
4. linear frequency modulation microwave signal generates method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the method also includes: by adjusting the excursion of injection parameter, change the bandwidth of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal。
5. linear frequency modulation microwave signal generates method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the method also includes: by adjusting the persistent period of the direct current light signal that described amplitude changes linearly over time, change the time width of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal。
6. linear frequency modulation microwave signal generates method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method also includes: by adjusting the frequency detuning between initial injection parameter and direct current light signal and light injection semiconductor laser free-running operation output frequency when the amplitude of direct current light signal not being modulated, change working frequency range or the mid frequency of produced linear frequency modulation microwave signal。
7. a linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device, it is characterised in that including:
Light injection module, for generating the direct current light signal that amplitude can be modulated；
Light injection semiconductor laser, it can be operated in monocycle vibrational state；
Photodetector, for being converted to microwave signal by the output optical signal of described smooth injection semiconductor laser；
Optical circulator, it includes first along optical transmission direction successively arranged adjacent～the 3rd port, the first～the 3rd port respectively with the outfan of light injection module, the outfan of light injection semiconductor laser, photodetector input be connected。
8. linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described smooth injection module includes:
Light source, is used for producing direct current light signal；
Light amplitude controller, its optical signal input is connected with light source, for the amplitude of the produced direct current light signal of modulated light source, and can by the amplitude modulation(PAM) of described direct current light signal for change linearly over time；
Control signal generator, its outfan is connected with the control signal input of light amplitude controller, for producing to drive the control signal needed for light amplitude controller。
9. linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described smooth injection module also includes the Polarization Controller being connected between the outfan of light amplitude controller and the first port of optical circulator, and the polarization state of the amplitude modulation(PAM) direct current light signal for light amplitude controller is exported is controlled。
10. linear frequency modulation microwave signal generating device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described smooth amplitude controller is electric light amplitude modulator, or electric light MZ Mach-Zehnder, or electric light light polarization modulator, or electroabsorption modulator。
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| CN108845305B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2021-12-24 | 清华大学 | Broadband orthogonal linear frequency modulation wave light generation system and method |
| CN111751827A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-09 | 之江实验室 | Microwave photon radar detection method and system based on light injection frequency modulation |
| CN114614902A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-06-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | All-optical reconfigurable microwave signal generation method and device |
| CN114614902B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2024-06-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | All-optical reconfigurable microwave signal generation method and device |
| CN115144841A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-10-04 | 苏州大学 | Large-bandwidth linear frequency modulation signal generation device and method |
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